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Some questions for Technical Round

Question For Kalptaru Power


Q MIS Stands for Management Information System
Q Disadvantage of low power factor.
Ans.
Disadvantages of low power factor: Line losses are 1.57 times unity power factor. Larger generators
and transformers are required. Low lagging power factor causes a large voltage drop, hence extra
regulation equipment is required to keep voltage drop within prescribed limits. Greater conductor size:
To transmit or distribute a fixed amount of power at fixed voltage, the conductors will have to carry more
current at low power factor. This requires a large conductor size.
Q Name the state having wind power potential.
Ans Gujrat, Rajsthan, Tamil Nadu, Himachal, Udisha etc.
Q. Explain the terms real power, apparent power and reactive power for ac circuits and also the
units used.
Ans.
Real Power: It is the product of voltage, current and power factor i.e. P = V I cos j and basic unit of real
power is watt. i.e. Expressed as W or kW. Apparent power: It is the product of voltage and current.
Apparent power = V I and basic unit of apparent power is volt- ampere. Expressed as VA or KVA.
Reactive Power: It is the product of voltage, current and sine of angle between the voltage and current i.e.
Reactive power = voltage X current X sinj or Reactive power = V I sin j and has no other unit but
expressed in VAR or KVAR.
Q. Define the following: Average demand, Maximum demand, Demand factor, Load factor.
Ans.
Average Demand: the average power requirement during some specified period of time of considerable
duration is called the average demand of installation. Maximum Demand: The maximum demand of an
installation is defined as the greatest of all the demand, which have occurred during a given period. It is
measured accordingly to specifications, over a prescribed time interval during a certain period. Demand
Factor: It is defined as the ratio of actual maximum demand made by the load to the rating of the
connected load. Load Factor: It is defined as the ratio of the average power to the maximum demand.
Q. Why star delta starter is preferred with induction motor?
Ans.
Star delta starter is preferred with induction motor due to following reasons: Starting current is reduced
3-4 times of the direct current due to which voltage drops and hence it causes less losses. Star delta
starter circuit comes in circuit first during starting of motor, which reduces voltage 3 times, that is why
current also reduces up to 3 times and hence less motor burning is caused. In addition, starting torque is
increased and it prevents the damage of motor winding.
Useful
Q. UNFCCC United Nations framework on Climate change
Q. Most Polluting power Plant Thermal
Q. Efficiency of Solar Power Plant 15%
Q Why the HV is used for power Transmission.
Ans.
P = IV
P = IR^2
You generate a certain amount of power at the power plant. This is constant. You can't change this.
Now, what you want to do between the power plant and the user's home is to reduce the power lost when

the electricity is carried through the wires; you're trying to keep P_lost as small as possible. In other
words, you're trying to keep the transmitted power, P_transmitted, as close to P_generated as possible.
Q What is green house effect and gases.
Q Prospect of wind power in India.
Ans.
India has the fifth largest installed wind power capacity in the world. In the year 2015-16, wind power
accounted for 8.5% of India's total installed power capacity, and 2.5% of the country's power output. The
development of wind power in India began in the 1990s by Tamil Nadu Electric Board near Tuticorin, and
has significantly increased in the last decade. As of 31 March 2016, the installed capacity of wind power
was 26.74 GW, spread across many states of India.[95] The largest wind power generating state is Tamil
Nadu accounting for nearly 30% of installed capacity, followed in decreasing order by Maharashtra,
Gujarat, Rajasthan and Karnataka.
Q. What is smart grid.
Ans. Smart Grid is define as a modern grid that enables bidirectional flow of energy and uses twoway
cybersecure information and communication technologies in an integrated fashion across electricity
generation, transmission, substations, distribution and consumption to achieve a system that is clean,
safe, secure, reliable, resilient, efficient, and sustainable. This description covers the entire spectrum
of the energy system from the generation to the end points of consumption of the electricity. It coordinate
the needs and capabilities of all generators, grid operators, endusers and electricity market stakeholders
to operate all parts of the system as efficiently as possible.

Q. What for series and shunt compensation provided in EHV transmission lines?
Ans: Series capacitance is provided in EHV lines to artificially reduce the series
reactance of the line so as to improve stability, voltage regulation and transmission
efficiency
Shunt compensation is provided to artificially reduce the line susceptance so as to
improve the voltage regulation under light load condition
Q. What is the material used for overhead transmission lines?
Ans: ACSR conductors are employed.
Q. What are the problems associated with EHV transmission?
Ans The problems associated with EHV transmission are corona loss and radio
interference, requirement of heavy supporting structures and insulation requirments
Q. Why does surge impedance loading (SIL) increase with increase in voltage
level?
Ans SIL varies as the square of the operating voltage, so SIL inceases with increase in
voltage level
Q. What are the factors that limit the maximum power transfer capability in a
transmission line?
Ans Some of the factors which limits the maximum power transfer are:
1. Electrical phase shift

2. Voltage drop
3. Thermal effects in the line
Q. Explain some of the methods to improve the strength of transmission system?
Ans:

Introducing or adding of new transmission lines in to the system to avoid the


overloading of the existing lines

Application of devices such as series capacitors in the right location of power


system which helps in increase in the power transfer capability

Up gradation of the existing transmission system

Adoption of multi-voltage levels an multi-circuits in the existing ac transmission


system

Q. Why phase shift is kept low for transmission of power for large distances?
Ans.
E1 X E2
Power delivered P =
--------- Sin
X
Generally is kept low (around 30 o) because any disturbance can affect the stability of
the system if value is high.

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