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Installation and Commissioning

Contents
This document explains how to
install an Equalizer / Activar
system and how to make sure
that the installation is correct
and the system is working
properly.
Warning; the installation of
electric equipment must be
done according to the local
electric safety code and by
authorized personal.

System Installation
See the User Manual for further information.

On multiple connection point systems, each


cabinet is connected to the power source.
Total system current may be obtained from
the main system sticker, and each cabinet is
connected based on the part it has in the
total.

In some regulations is recommended to


connect cabinet to cabinet locally with at
least half of the phase conductors area
(picture blue wires) to help make the
protection trip faster during a short circuit.

Each cabinet has a dedicated ground


connection.

Most of the systems are Delta (even


unbalanced), by consequence the neutral is
only for controller measurements.

Conductors area based on local regulations.

Connections
o Earth
o Neutral (optional)
o 3 phases of
voltage
o 3 phases of
currents from
the mains CTs

System Installation
Here is showed the previous concept:
1) Each phase must match voltage and current
measurement. (V,I facility per phase match same
phase V,I of system)
2) The current must be also with the right polarity.
The system is tested pre shipment.
Normal commissioning problems come in general from
points 1 and / or 2 being not true.
Figure shows a right connection

System test verifies the system itself


L C M test verifies the Mains measurements
Put system in Automatic only after two tests are OK.

System Commissioning
Controller Configuration
System Configuration

Network Configuration

Groups quantity & arrangement


Nominal voltage & frequency
System nominal reactive power
Capacitors current transformers
Errors operation

Date & Time


Main feeder type
Mains CTs ratio & type
Target PF (Min, Max, Avg)
Compensation Mode

Other parameters depending of


specific firmware

Other parameters depending of


specific firmware

The system is received in INSTALL mode.

System configuration is complete, the system was full tested before shipment.
Network configuration must be completed based on customer network data. In
general the only parameter to change should be the Mains CT ratio.

No system operation would be possible until finish the Network configuration

Network CT type
Refer to User Manual for further information

Define the place of the Mains CTs, recommended and mostly used is Load + Caps or commonly
named closed loop, here controller reads system itself and loads. However some installations uses
Loads only.
Recommended
Controller Mains reads all

Loads calculated

All following examples are based in the


Loads + Caps CT place. Differences for
the Loads only will be noted.

Controller Mains reads only Loads

Mains calculated

Single and multiple feeders

Most of the cases the network has only one feeder and the layout is showed in the left.

Some cases networks have two or more feeders, in this case by using a summator, the layout is showed in the right.

Single feeder

Multiple feeders

Main functions System Test


See the User Manual for further information

Select MODE by pressing


<F1>

In the upper line is showed the


group number and its nominal
power.
The SUM must be 100% 5, each
phase approx. the same.

Select Perform System


Test using UP key <F4> or
DOWN key <F5> and press
SELECT key <F3>

The system test is made.

And showed results.


Compare these results with
the system data.

Press ENTER

BACKGROUND READINGS must


show 0KVAr per phase, other wise
one SCR may be short circuited.

Main functions LCM Test


See the User Manual for further information

Select MENU by pressing <F3>

If the system has more than one set of


internal CTs (more than one cabinet
and multiple entry point), press INOUT-IN-OUT.. The groups will connect
one after the other (FIFO) make sure
that you receive the expected values.

Select L C M combined using UP key <F4> or


DOWN key <F5> and press SELECT key <F3>

Select Total KVAr meters using UP key <F4> or


DOWN key <F5> and press ENTER key <F3>
In MANUAL mode, while IN/OUT
is pressed, select IN or OUT (with
a second finger) to add or reduce
in one the connected steps.

And showed LCM KVAR readings. Three phases


total. Loads & Mains must be approx. the same.
With one capacitor group connected must be:
Mains [KVAr] Loads [KVAr] + Caps [KVAr]
Loads [no Caps] Loads [with Caps]

Main functions Caps & Mains KVAr


See the User Manual for further information
CAPS KVAr
<-- Base screen,
Select MENU by
pressing <F3>.

MAINS KVAr
From Base screen,
Select MENU by pressing <F3>.

Choose Main feeder


readings and select ENTER.
Select MORE .. and press
ENTER.

Select Cap. System


readings and press
SELECT.
Select KVAr Phase Meters
and press ENTER.
Select KVAr Meters
and press ENTER.

And showed Caps KVAR


readings, per phase
values.

And showed Mains KVAR


readings, per phase values.

Main functions System Setup


See the User Manual for further information

From the base screen select MENU

Select SYSTEM SETUP

Next screen select SITE INSTALLATION

Most of the times, accept using CONFIRM AND CONTINUE the system
itself definition, going to the NETWORK CONFIGURATION part of the
controller.

Main functions - Disabling Error #3


See the User Manual for further information

When the groups are marked with Error and it is needed to connect them in
order to know the source of the fault, disable the Error #3 is needed.
After finding the problem, dont forget enable again the error.
Go to the system
configuration and select
MODIFY in the
SUMMARY screen

Inside the system


Configuration select
Customize

Select the error E3

Select Disable

....

Dont change
nothing until

The same procedure to return it to FULL OPERATION after resolving the issue.

System installation Right connection


See the User Manual for further information

System test results

Actual values are very close to NOMINAL values configured in the controller.

Caps [KVAr]
One group connected

Capacitive reactive power is seen


as negative. Group total divided
three phases.

Mains [KVAr]

Inductive reactive power is seen


as positive. Total divided three
phases.

LCM test
No Group
With group

Mains [KVAr] Loads [KVAr] + Caps [KVAr]


Loads [no Caps] Loads [with Caps]

System Commissioning #1
See the User Manual for further information.

Previous to turn on the system

Perform a deep visual inspection. Check no foreign body (in


general tools) or free parts (screws not fixed) inside the system.

Turn off the feeding power supply transformer at each cabinet.


In general Q1 at master cabinets and FS1 at slave ones feeding
TRN1 transformers.

Verify impedance among phase to phase, phases to Neutral (if


exist) and phases to ground. Short circuit must not seen.

Take out all power fuses except for the first group.

Turn on Q1 and FS1 depending of the cabinet function (master


or slave).

Close doors and panels and turn on the system.

System Commissioning #2
See the User Manual for further information.

Turning on the system for the first time

The controller is in Install mode. Must be finished the network configuration in the
system. System itself configuration (# groups, their size and arrangement, as nominal
voltage and frequency) part ready and tested at manufacturing plant.

At least one group must be OK to finish the configuration. (power fuses on group 1
only), if not, you need to set the configuration until one group works.
Go to Mains voltage screen and verify that the voltages are correct.
Go to Mains Line currents screen pull one by one the yellow tongues that short circuit the terminals of the mains CTs. Verify that the
measured currents are correct.
Go to Caps line currents screen and verify that all currents are zero (if not there is probably shorted SCR).
Go to Mains KW phase meters and check if all phases are positive (except in the case of generators compensation) if they are not positive
the CTs polarity will have to be changed in the site installation. Test by software means, and if resolve the problem go back and do the
wired correction. In general each phase hast the approx. value.

After checking the group, turn off the system, wait at least 10 minutes, take out power
fuses from the group and install the right fuses for the following group.

Turn on again the system

System Commissioning #3
See the User Manual for further information.

Checking all the groups

1) If the first group was successfully verified, perform a System Test, if not,
return to set the configuration.

2) After checking the group, turn off the system, wait at least 10 minutes, take out
power fuses from the group and install the right fuses for the following group.

Turn on again the system and repeat the process for all the groups.

When the last group was tested, turn off the system, wait at least 10 minutes and
install all the power fuses.

System Commissioning #4
See the User Manual for further information.

Finishing the groups verification

Turn on the system and perform a System Test

If the system test show all groups OK, continue, otherwise, go to the
troubleshooting chapter in the appropriate part of the User Manual if the help in
the following pages is not enough to resolve the problem.

Make the L C M Test, if it is OK, the system can be tested in Automatic mode,
otherwise check in the User Manual to resolve the measurement issue if the help
in the following pages is not resolving the problem.

Voltage order not right VL1 <> VL2

Figure shows L1 and L2 voltage connections are swapped.

Voltage measurements are shared by System itself and


Mains values.

System test will fail.

Looking Caps KVAr readings when one group is connected


(may be youll need to disable E3 to do that) or at Mains,
youll see on first two phases:

A) absolute value will be smaller (~half) than on L3

B) Sign of these phases will be the opposite from the third


one.

Voltage order not right VL1 <> VL2


System test results

Caps [KVAr]
One group connected

Mains [KVAr]

40KVAr:80KVAr:160KVAr is not the


actual value for all the groups.
In the swapped phases we see
approx. half of the right power with
opposed sign.

Mains current order not right IL1 <> IL2

Figure shows L1 & L2 CTs (Current Transformers)


connection swapped.

Mains currents measurements are used only by Mains


readings.

System test will pass.

L C M test will fail.

In the swapped phases we see on Mains approx. half of


the right power with opposed sign.

Mains current order not right IL1 <> IL2


System test results [OK]

...

Caps [KVAr]
One group connected

Mains [KVAr]

For Loads only, the LCM test with one group connected
will show 0KVAr[L], -38KVAr[C] and 38KVAr[M]

System test pass OK.


In the swapped phases
we see on Mains approx.
half of the right power
with opposed sign.

LCM test
No Group
With group

Mains [KVAr] Loads [KVAr] + Caps [KVAr]


Loads [no Caps] Loads [with Caps]

Mains current polarity not right IL1

Figure shows L1 CT connection swapped, polarity of the


measurement is the opposite.

Mains currents measurements are used only by Mains


readings.

System test will pass.

L C M test will fail.

Looking Mains KVAr readings, youll see on first phase


the right number, but the sign will be the opposite seen
on the other phases.

Mains current polarity not right IL1


System test results [OK]

...

Caps [KVAr]
One group connected

Mains [KVAr]

System test pass OK.


In the swapped CT
phase we see on Mains
the right power value
with opposed sign.

LCM test
No Group
With group

Mains [KVAr] Loads [KVAr] + Caps [KVAr]


Loads [no Caps] Loads [with Caps]

Combined - IL1 <> IL2 & Polarity IL1 (L1 @ Controller)


Loads + Caps network CT type
System Test will pass.
LCM Test will show:

Loads only network CT type


System Test will pass.
LCM Test will show:

Special systems
Most of the systems have internal Caps
measurement CTs.

Some systems have external Caps CTs. They are


part of the system installation and by
consequence the final Caps CT connection is
not tested at Elspec plant.

Balanced systems use Caps CT only at first two


phases.
Do the LCM test connecting all groups, one by
one, not only the first as usual.

External Caps CT system installation Right connection


See the User Manual for further information

Special system
System test results

Caps [KVAr]
One group connected

Mains [KVAr]

LCM test
No Group
With group

Mains [KVAr] Loads [KVAr] + Caps [KVAr]


Loads [no Caps] Loads [with Caps]

Caps current order not right IL1 <> IL2

Figure shows L1 and L2 Capacitors current transformer


(CT) connections are swapped.

System test will fail.

Looking Caps KVAr readings when one group is


connected (may be youll need to disable E3 to do that)
or at Mains, youll see on first two phases:

A) absolute value will be smaller (~half) than on L3


B) Sign of these phases will be the opposite from the third one.

Caps current order not right IL1 <> IL2


System test results

....

Caps [KVAr]
One group connected

60KVAr:120KVAr:120KVAr is not the


actual value.
In the swapped phases we see
approx. half of the right power with
opposed sign.

Caps current polarity not right IL1

Figure shows L1 Caps CT connection swapped,


polarity of the measurement is the opposite.

System test will fail.

Looking Caps KVAr readings (may be youll need to


disable Error #3), youll see on first phase the right
number, but the sign will be the opposite seen of
the second phase.

Third phase will show close to 0 KVAr.

Caps current polarity not right IL1


System test results

Caps [KVAr]
One group connected

60KVAr:120KVAr:120KVAr is not the


actual value.
In the swapped polarity phase we
see the right power value with the
opposed sign. Third phase is cero.

Multi module shipped systems


In general each cabinet has the proper dedicated
set of internal Caps CTs. Exceptions are the systems
assembled with internal common bus bars.
When the system is assembled with more than two
cabinets, the shipment most of the times will be on
several modules, needing to assemble them when
they are installed.
That may be source of an issue if the internal Caps
CTs of one module is wrong connected with the
internal Caps CTs of the module where the
controller is assembled.
To check it, perform the System test, and the LCM
test connecting all groups, one by one, not only the
first as usual. Compare the results with the external
Caps CTs installation option to understand results
and resolve possible issues.

SCR short circuited


If during commissioning something went bad, may be possible
one SCR is short circuited.
Youll see it in such way in the System Test:
First group shows 2/3 of the
nominal. Other groups are OK.

First group shows 0KVAr at L1.


Other phases are OK.

Background readings shows 14KVAr (instead 0KVAr) at phase L1.


SCR short circuited in first group at phase L1.

Looking Caps KVAr


readings when no
group is connected is
needed to see 0KVAr,
here is showed
14KVAr at phase L1.

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