Today we as humans are increasingly becoming dependent on

machines in our day-to-day life. These machines sadly dont

operate by themselves, they require energy. Unfortunately as our
needs are increasing fuels are decreasing at a faster rate and one
day these fuels wont suffice to our needs. Nowadays, most of the
research in the energy field is to develop sources of energy for
future. With oil resources being over tapped and eventually bound
to end, it is time to find renewable sources of energy for the
future.
Over the past 100 years, we have become increasingly dependent
on our cars for meeting lifes most basic needs. This reliance on
the

automobile,

and

on

the

petroleum-powered

internal

combustion engine in particular, comes with significant costs. Our

dependence on oil makes our overall economy and household
budgets highly vulnerable to volatile oil prices. The pollutant
emissions from our vehicles contribute to unhealthy air and global
climate change.
Vehicles powered by electricity have the potential to reduce many
of these problems. In most places, electric drive lowers the smogforming and global warming pollution associated with vehicle use,
and when powered by renewable resources, electric vehicles can
nearly eliminate such pollution from vehicular operation. Electric
vehicles powered by a clean electricity grid offer a key pathway to
achieving the greater than 80 percent reduction in global warming
pollution

we

need

by

mid-century

to

avoid

the

worst

consequences of climate change. Powered by domestically

produced electricity, electric vehicles (EVs) could be a significant

part of reducing our oil dependence.
Electric vehicles (EVs) are powered exclusively by electricity and
driven by an electric motor(s) supported by rechargeable battery
packs. These vehicles are known for providing a cleaner and safer
alternative to cars with gasoline engines. But The battery range of
many electric vehicles is limited, meaning that such methods of
transportation can only be used for short trips.
One of the most promising techniques is mechanical energy
harvesting by piezoelectric components where deformations
produced by different means is directly converted to electrical
charge via direct piezoelectric effect. Subsequently the electrical
energy can be stored for further use. The total mechanical energy
in vibration of machines can be very large and usually only a
fraction of it can be transformed to electrical energy. Recently,
piezoelectric vibration based energy harvesters have been
developed

widely

for

different

energy

consumption

and

application areas
Piezoelectric materials are being more and more studied as they
turn out to be very unusual materials with very specific and
interesting properties. In fact, these materials have the ability to
produce electrical energy from mechanical energy. Such devices
are commonly referred to as energy harvesters and can be used
in applications where outside power is unavailable and batteries
are not a feasible option. While recent experiments have shown

that these materials could be used as power generators, the

amount of energy produced is still very low, hence the necessity
to optimize them.
Our idea describes an approach to harvest electrical energy from
mechanically excited piezoelectric elements. The basic idea is to
put back into use the energy expended by us in daily course of
life. Specifically, we attempt to convert pressure exerted by
vehicles travelling on the road to excite piezoelectric elements.
While the phenomenon of piezoelectricity is well known for
decades, to harness its potential we have come about with a
novel methodology of connecting piezoelectric elements with an
apt circuitry to yield maximum power. The Piezoelectric sensor
which gives voltage on the application of pressure is unregulated
DC Voltage. The DC Voltage obtained is passed through a power
conditioning

source

and

then

given

to

storage

source

(rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery). The rate at which the storage

source gets charged is where our module stands out as an
efficient and innovative module to harness the plenteous potential
energy.
To obtain high-power output from this process, it is imperative to
cover as much of a tires inner surface area as possible with
PZT(lead zirconate titanate)

benders. In this way, and because

these elements produce power through deformation at the roadtire interface known as contact patch, a reliable and continuous
source of energy for the moving vehicle is guaranteed.

In this paper a theoretical model for energy harvesting system

using piezoelectric materials have been presented. It is evident
that harnessing energy through piezoelectric materials provider a
cleaner way of powering systems. It is a new approach to lead the
world into implementing greener technologies that are aimed at
protecting the environment. Piezoelectric energy harvesting
systems are a onetime instalment and they require very less
maintenance, making them cost efficient. One of the limitations of
this technology is that its implementation is not feasible in
sparsely populated areas