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LTE(telecommunication)Wikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

LTE(telecommunication)
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

LongTermEvolution(LTE)isastandardforhighspeed
wirelesscommunicationformobilephonesanddataterminals.
ItisbasedontheGSM/EDGEandUMTS/HSPAnetwork
technologies,increasingthecapacityandspeedusinga
differentradiointerfacetogetherwithcorenetwork
improvements.[1][2]Thestandardisdevelopedbythe3GPP
(3rdGenerationPartnershipProject)andisspecifiedinits
Release8documentseries,withminorenhancements
describedinRelease9.
LTEistheupgradepathforcarrierswithbothGSM/UMTS
networksandCDMA2000networks.ThedifferentLTE
frequenciesandbandsusedindifferentcountrieswillmean
thatonlymultibandphoneswillbeabletouseLTEinall
countrieswhereitissupported.

AdoptionofLTEtechnologyasofDecember7,
2014
CountriesandregionswithcommercialLTE
service
CountriesandregionswithcommercialLTE
networkdeploymentongoingorplanned
CountriesandregionswithLTEtrialsystems

LTEiscommonlymarketedas4GLTE,butitdoesnotsatisfy
(precommitment)
thetechnicalcriteriaofa4Gwirelessservice,asspecifiedin
the3GPPRelease8and9documentseries,forLTEAdvanced.
TherequirementswereoriginallysetforthbytheITURorganizationintheIMTAdvanced
specification.However,duetomarketingpressuresandthesignificantadvancementsthat
WiMAX,EvolvedHighSpeedPacketAccessandLTEbringtotheoriginal3Gtechnologies,
ITUlaterdecidedthatLTEtogetherwiththeaforementionedtechnologiescanbecalled4G
technologies.[3]TheLTEAdvancedstandardformallysatisfiestheITURrequirementstobe
consideredIMTAdvanced.[4]TodifferentiateLTEAdvancedandWiMAXAdvancedfrom
current4Gtechnologies,ITUhasdefinedthemas"True4G".[5][6]

LTEsignal
indicatorin
Android

Contents
1 Overview
2 History
2.1 3GPPstandarddevelopmenttimeline
2.2 Carrieradoptiontimeline
3 LTETDD
3.1 History
4 LTEDirect
5 Features
6 Voicecalls
6.1 Enhancedvoicequality
7 Frequencybands
8 Patents
9 Seealso
10 References
11 Furtherreading
12 Externallinks
12.1 Whitepapersandothertechnicalinformation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE_(telecommunication)

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LTE(telecommunication)Wikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Overview
LTEstandsforLongTermEvolution[7]andisaregisteredtrademarkowned
byETSI(EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute)forthe
wirelessdatacommunicationstechnologyandadevelopmentofthe
GSM/UMTSstandards.Howeverothernationsandcompaniesdoplayan
activeroleintheLTEproject.ThegoalofLTEwastoincreasethecapacity
andspeedofwirelessdatanetworksusingnewDSP(digitalsignal
processing)techniquesandmodulationsthatweredevelopedaroundthe
turnofthemillennium.Afurthergoalwastheredesignandsimplification
ofthenetworkarchitecturetoanIPbasedsystemwithsignificantly
reducedtransferlatencycomparedtothe3Garchitecture.TheLTEwireless
interfaceisincompatiblewith2Gand3Gnetworks,sothatitmustbe
operatedonaseparateradiospectrum.
LTEwasfirstproposedbyNTTDoCoMoofJapanin2004,andstudieson
thenewstandardofficiallycommencedin2005.[8]InMay2007,the
LTE/SAETrialInitiative(LSTI)alliancewasfoundedasaglobal
collaborationbetweenvendorsandoperatorswiththegoalofverifyingand
promotingthenewstandardinordertoensuretheglobalintroductionofthe
technologyasquicklyaspossible.[9][10]TheLTEstandardwasfinalizedin
December2008,andthefirstpubliclyavailableLTEservicewaslaunched
byTeliaSonerainOsloandStockholmonDecember14,2009asadata
connectionwithaUSBmodem.TheLTEserviceswerelaunchedbymajor
NorthAmericancarriersaswell,withtheSamsungSCHr900beingthe
worldsfirstLTEMobilephonestartingonSeptember21,2010[11][12]and
SamsungGalaxyIndulgebeingtheworldsfirstLTEsmartphonestarting
onFebruary10,2011[13][14]bothofferedbyMetroPCSandHTC
ThunderBoltofferedbyVerizonstartingonMarch17beingthesecondLTE
smartphonetobesoldcommercially.[15][16]InCanada,RogersWireless
wasthefirsttolaunchLTEnetworkonJuly7,2011offeringtheSierra
WirelessAirCard313UUSBmobilebroadbandmodem,knownasthe
"LTERocketstick"thenfollowedcloselybymobiledevicesfromboth
HTCandSamsung.[17]Initially,CDMAoperatorsplannedtoupgradeto
rivalstandardscalledUMBandWiMAX,butallthemajorCDMA
operators(suchasVerizon,SprintandMetroPCSintheUnitedStates,Bell
andTelusinCanada,aubyKDDIinJapan,SKTelecominSouthKorea
andChinaTelecom/ChinaUnicominChina)haveannouncedthatthey
intendtomigratetoLTEafterall.TheevolutionofLTEisLTEAdvanced,
whichwasstandardizedinMarch2011.[18]Servicesareexpectedto
commencein2013.[19]

TeliabrandedSamsungLTEmodem

HTCThunderBolt,thesecond
commerciallyavailableLTE
smartphone

TheLTEspecificationprovidesdownlinkpeakratesof300Mbit/s,uplink
peakratesof75Mbit/sandQoSprovisionspermittingatransferlatencyof
lessthan5msintheradioaccessnetwork.LTEhastheabilitytomanagefastmovingmobilesandsupportsmulti
castandbroadcaststreams.LTEsupportsscalablecarrierbandwidths,from1.4MHzto20MHzandsupportsboth
frequencydivisionduplexing(FDD)andtimedivisionduplexing(TDD).TheIPbasednetworkarchitecture,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE_(telecommunication)

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