PTE ACADEMIC EXPERT B2

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

bilingual

adj

balwl

multilingual
degree

adj
n

mltlwl
dri

literally
monolingual

adv
n

ltrli
mnlwl

resemble
spectrum

v
n

rzembl
spektrm

tend

tend

cognition

knn

concept
decade
fluent

n
n
adj

knsept
deked, deked
flunt

focus
hexagon
linguistic
monologue

n, v
n
adj
n

fks
heksn
lwstk
mnl

multicultural

adj

mltikltrl

norm

nm

perception
proficiency

n
n

psepn
prfnsi

quadrangle
rate

n
v

kwdrnl
ret

syllable

slbl

folk tale

fk tel

Definition
using, speaking, or written in two different
languages
using, speaking, or written in several different
languages
the level or amount of something
used to emphasise that something is actually
true
speaking or using only one language
to look like or be similar to someone or
something
the set of all possible colours
if something tends to happen, it happens often
and is likely to happen again
the process of knowing, understanding, and
learning something
an idea of how something is, or how something
should be done
a period of 10 years
able to speak a language very well
to give special attention to one particular person
or thing, or to make people do this
a shape with six sides
related to language, words, or linguistics
a long speech by one person
involving or including people or ideas from many
different countries, races, or religions
the usual or normal situation, way of doing
something etc
the way you think about something and your
idea of what it is like
a good standard of ability and skill
a square open area with buildings all around it,
especially at a school or college
to give a particular grade or value to something
a word or part of a word which contains a single
vowel sound
a traditional story, passed on from generation to
generation

Example

Unit

He is bilingual in English and Chinese

the advantages of a multilingual education

To a large degree, they are similar.

1
1

The library is literally across the road

a monolingual dictionary
Its amazing how closely Brian and Steve
resemble each other.
A rainbow shows all the colours of the spectrum

1
1

People tend to need less sleep as they get older.

the regions of the brain that are responsible for
memory and cognition

The concept of colour appears in all languages

the second decade of the twenty first century
She was fluent in English, French, and German.

1
1
1

He needs to focus more on his studies.

The room was shaped like a hexagon
a childs linguistic development
Henry looked up, then continued his monologue.

1
1
1
1

a multicultural society
Short term contracts are now the norm with
some big companies.

childrens perceptions of the world

a high level of proficiency in English

1
1

Let's meet in the quadrangle.

He rated his course six on a scale of one to ten

1
1

Excellent' has three syllables

each culture has its own set of folk tales

1
1

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

assignment

sanmnt

acknowledge
aid
ample

v
v
adj

knld
ed
mpl

aware (of)

adj

we (v)

base on

bes n

convey

knve

discipline

dspln,
dspln

immediacy

incredibly

adv

midisi
nkredbli,
nkredbli

intently

adv

ntentli

mesmerised

adj

mezmrazd

motivating

adj

mtvet

rich
take in

adj
v

rt
tek n

vanish

vn

version

vn

case study

kes stdi

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
a piece of work that is given to someone as part
of their studies or their job
to admit or accept that something is true or that
a situation exists
to help someone do something
more than enough
knowing that something exists or happens
used as a model from which something else is
developed
to communicate or express something, with or
without using words
an area of knowledge or teaching, especially one
such as history, chemistry, mathematics etc.
that is studied at a university
when something is important or urgent because
it relates to a situation or event that is
happening now
extremely
to be determined to do something or achieve
something
if you are mesmerised by someone or
something, you cannot stop watching them or
listening to them becusae they are so attractive
or have such a powerful effect
making someone very keen to do something or
achieve something, especially because you find
it interesting or exciting
full of interesting or important facts, events or
ideas
understand and remember
to disappear suddenly, especially in a way that
cannot be easily explained
a copy of something that has been changed so
that it is slightly different
a detailed account of the development of a
particular person, group, or situation that has
been studied over a period of time

Example
Shes having trouble with her assignment; she'll
speak to her lecturer about it tomorrow.
The government acknowledge the need for
change.
an index to aid the reader
Youll have ample time for questions later.
He was aware of the need to do well in the
exam.
Based on his previous experience, he knew the
task would be difficult.
All this information can be conveyed in a simple
diagram.

Unit

not all universities do research in all disciplines

immediacy of response isn't necessary in this

situation

cigarettes are incredibly addictive.

Jake listened intently.

The first time I saw Diane I was mesmerised by

her beauty.

Everyone found it very motivating.

a story rich in description and action

it's hard to take it all in at once
My keys were here a minute ago but now
theyve vanished.

1
1

a new version of the software

We'll look at a couple of case studies in this

lecture.

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

collaborative

adj

klbrtv

fall behind

imitation

fl bhand
mten,
mten

lack (of)

lk (v)

outline

atlan

pilot

preparedness
diffuse

n
adj

palt
prpedns,
prpedns, perddfjus

disguise
divorce

v
n

dsaz
dvs, dvs

hypothesis

hapss,
hapss

input

npt

output

atpt

preoccupation

prikjpen,
prikjpen

spirit

challenge

sprt, sprt
tlnd,
tlnd

controversy

kntrvsi,
kntrvsi

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
a job or piece of work that involves two or more
people working together to achieve something
to become less successful than other people,
companies, countries etc
when you copy someone elses actions
when there is not enough of something, or none
of it
the main ideas or facts about something,
without the details
a small research project, etc. which is carried
out as a test to sese if an idea, product etc. will
be successful
when someone is ready for something
spread in many directions
to change someones appearance so that people
cannot recognize them
the legal ending of a marriage
an idea that is suggested as an explanation for
something, but that has not yet been proved to
be true
information that is put into a process, a
machine, etc
data that is produced by a process, a machine
etc
when someone thinks or worries about
something a lot, with the result that they do not
pay attention to other things
the part of someone that you cannot see, that
consists of the qualities that make up their
character
something that tests strength, skill, or ability,
especially in a way that is interesting
a serious argument about something that
involves many people and continues for a long
time

Example

Unit

a collaborative effort

Due to illness, he fell behind in his studies.

Many people think that children learn language
by imitation.

a lack of effort

an outline of a research project

a pilot project to produce electric cars

the countrys lack of preparedness for the effects

of climate change
The organization is large and diffuse.
Maybe you could disguise yourself as a waiter
and sneak in there.
Why doesnt she get a divorce?

2
2

One hypothesis is that the victim fell asleep

while driving.

the data that you input into the computer

computer output

the current preoccupation with sex and scandal

Although Laurie is dead, I can feel his spirit with

me.
The company is ready to meet the challenges of
the next few years.
a political controversy

1
2

2
2
2

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

initiative

ntv

insight
notion

n
n

nsat
nn

obstacle

bstkl

perspective

scenario

pspektv
snri,
snri

theme
fatigue

n
n

adequate

adj

im
fti
dkwt,
dkwt

achieve

tiv

compete
enhance

v
v

kmpit
nhns

expert

ekspt

involve

nvlv

nutrient

njutrint

outcome

participate
perform

v
v

atkm
ptspet,
ptspet
pfm

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
an important new plan or process to achieve a
particular aim or to solve a particular problem
a sudden clear understanding of something or
part of something, especially a complicated
situation or idea
an idea, belief, or opinion
something that makes it difficult to achieve
something
a way of thinking about something, especially
one which is influenced by the type of person
you are or by your experiences
a situation that could possibly happen
the main subject or idea in a piece of writing,
speech, film etc
very great tiredness
enough in quantity or of a good enough quality
for a particular purpose
to successfully complete something or get a
good result, especially by working hard
if one company or country competes with
another, it tries to get people to buy its goods or
services rather than those available from
another company or country
to improve something
someone who has a special skill or special
knowledge of a subject, gained as a result of
training or experience
if an activity or situation involves something,
that thing is part of it or a result of it
a chemical or food that provides what is needed
for plants or animals to live and grow
the final result of a meeting, discussion, war etc
used especially when no one knows what it
will be until it actually happens
to take part in an activity or event
to do something well or badly

Example

Unit

a government initiative to help the homeless

The article gives us a real insight into the causes

of the present economic crisis.
misguided notions of male superiority

2
2

Fear of change is an obstacle to progress.

His fathers death gave him a whole new

perspective on life.
Imagine a scenario where only 20% of people
have a job.
The books theme is the conflict between love
and duty.
Sams face was grey with fatigue.
Farmers have been slow to make adequate
provision for their retirement.

2
2
2
2
2

Frances achieved very good exam results.

They found themselves competing with foreign

companies for a share of the market.
Good lighting will enhance any room.

2
2

Hes a world expert on marine mammals.

What will the job involve?

The plant absorbs nutrients from the soil.

It was impossible to predict the outcome of the

election.

Some members refused to participate.

The team performed poorly on Saturday.

2
2

Word
recover

Part of
speech
v

technical

adj

artificial

adj

teknkl
tfl,
tfl

contention

kntenn

joint

dnt

physical

adj

fzkl

potential

adj

ptenl

sensor

sens

serve (to)
aesthetic

v
adj

sv
isetk, es-

character

krkt, krkt

compress

kmpres

intermission

noticeable

adj

ntmn
ntsbl,
ntsbl

outbreak

atbrek

resume

rzjum

easy to notice
if there is an outbreak of fighting or disease in
an area, it suddenly starts to happen
to start doing something again after stopping or
being interrupted

assemble

sembl

to put all the parts of something together

Pron
rkv

Definition
to get better after an illness, accident, shock etc
related to small exact details or rules that say
how a system should work
not real or not made of natural things but made
to be like something that is real or natural
a strong opinion that someone expresses
a part of your body that can bend because two
bones meet there
related to someones body rather than their
mind or emotions
likely to develop into a particular type of person
or thing in the future
a piece of equipment used for measuring light,
heat, movement etc
to have a particular effect or result
connected with beauty and the study of beauty
the particular combination of features and
qualities that makes a thing or place different
from all others
to press something or make it smaller so that it
takes up less space, or to become smaller
a period of time between two or more parts of
something, e.g. a concert

collapse

klps

if a building, wall etc collapses, it falls down

suddenly, usually because it is weak or damaged

commence

kmens

to begin or to start something

Expert PTE Academic B2

Example
After a few days of fever, she began to recover.
The workshop discussed various technical
issues.

Unit
2

artificial flowers
Her main contention is that doctors should do
more to encourage healthy eating.

a permanently damaged knee joint

She was in constant physical pain.

He never reached his full potential.

The device isn't working; its sensor has failed.

a single example serves to illustrate what I
mean
From an esthetic point of view, its a nice design.

the unique character of eighteenth-century

country houses
It compressed easily when a heavy weight was
put on it.
There was a short intermission in construction
work.

2
3
3
3
3

Alcohol has a noticeable effect on the body.

an outbreak of flu
She hopes to resume work after the baby is
born.
The aircraft will continue to be assembled in
France.

Uncle Teds chair collapsed under his weight.

Work will commence on the new building
immediately.

3
3

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

conventional

adj

knvennl

create

kriet

demolish

dml

exist

zst

finalise

inclination

fanl-az
klnen,
klnen

ingenious

adj

ndinis

knock down

nk dan

influence

v, n

nfluns

represent

reprzent

argue

ju

cast doubt on

kst dat

emphasise

emfsaz

inform

nfm

mention

menn

note

nt

observe

bzv

point out

pnt at

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
a conventional method, product, practice etc has
been used for a long time and is considered the
usual type
to make something exist that did not exist
before
to completely destroy a building
to happen or be present in a particular situation
or place
to finish the last part of a plan, business deal etc
a slope or the angle at which something slopes
an ingenious plan, idea, or object works well
and is the result of clever thinking and new
ideas
to destroy a building or part of a building
to affect the way someone or something
develops, behaves, thinks, etc. without directly
forcing or ordering them
to be a symbol of something
to state, giving clear reasons, that something is
true, should be done, etc.
to make people feel less certain about
something
to say something in a strong way
to officially tell someone about something or
give them information
to talk or write about something or someone,
usually quickly and without saying very much or
giving details
to mention something because it is important or
interesting
to say or write what you have noticed about a
situation
to tell someone something that they did not
already know or had not thought about

Example
Internet connections through conventional
phone lines are fairly slow.
Scientists believe the universe was created in a
big explosion.
The entire east wing of the building was
demolished in the fire.
The custom of marriages arranged by parents
still exists in many countries.
Jo flew out to Thailand to finalize the details of
the deal.
the inclination of the lines on the graph
Many fish have ingenious ways of protecting
their eggs from predators.
They want to knock the house down and rebuild
it.
His writing was greatly influenced by his
favourite authors.
The symbol of the eagle represents strength and
skill.
All the available evidence argues against this
theory.
Her documentary casts serious doubt on the
theory.
The report emphasizes the importance of
improving safety standards.

Unit
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

They decided to inform the police

Was my name mentioned at all?

The architect noted that he knew of no serious
problems with this type of design.
He observed that most societies are divided into
classes.
He was always very keen to point out my
mistakes.

3
3
3
3

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

prove

pruv

question

kwestn

stress

stres

aspire

spa

distinctive

adj

dstktv

dynamic

adj

danmk

economic

adj

financial

adj

individual

adj

eknmk, ifnnl,
fnnl, fandvdul,
ndvdul

investment

nvestmnt

style

sustainability
arc

n
n

stal
sstenblti,
sstenblti
k

bend

bend

sword
dialogue

n
n

sd
dal

bombard

bmbd

to become cured and no longer flat or straight

a weapon with a long pointed blade and a
handle
a conversation in a book, play, or film
to do something too often or too much, for
example criticising or questioning someone, or
giving too much information

capture

kpt

to get something that you didn't have before

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
to show that something is true by providing
facts, information etc
to express doubts about whether something is
true, good, necessary, etc.
to emphasize a statement, fact, or idea
to desire and work towards achieving something
important
having a special quality, character, or
appearance that is different and easy to
recognize
full of energy and new ideas, and determined to
succeed
relating to trade, industry, and the management
of money
relating to money or the management of money
a person considered separately from the society
they live in
the use of money to get a profit or to make a
business activity successful, or the money that
is used
a particular way of doing, designing, or
producing something, especially one that is
typical of a particular place, period of time, or
group of people
able to continue without causing damage to the
environment
a curved shape or line

Example

Unit

Youre wrong, and I can prove it.

Are you questioning what I'm saying?

The report stressed that student math skills
need to improve.
college graduates aspiring to careers in
architecture

a rock band with a distinctive sound

dynamic and ambitious people

Economic growth is slow.

financial transactions
Each individual has a different set of personal
opinions.

We plan to buy some property as an investment.

an attempt to use Japanese management style

in a European business
Sustainability is at the heart of our building
designs.
the arc of a rainbow
Several branches started bending towards the
ground.
The treaty hung like a sword of Damocles over
French politics.
a boring movie full of bad dialog
The office was bombarded with telephone calls.
We aim to capture eight percent of the UK wine
market.

3
3

3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4

Word

Part of
speech

superior
abundance

adj
n

competitive

adj

supri
bndns
kmpettv,
kmpettv

consumer

knsjum

Definition
better, more powerful, more effective etc than a
similar person or thing, especially one that you
are competing against
a large quantity of something
determined or trying very hard to be more
successful than other people or businesses
someone who buys and uses products and
services

consumption

knsmpn

the act of buying and using products

distribute

dstrbjut

obtain

bten

product
productive

n
adj

prdkt
prdktv

promote

prmt

leadership

lidp

accordingly

adv

kdli

administration

dmnstren,
dmnstren

authority

rti, rti,
-

colleague

kli

corporation

kpren

to send goods to shops and customers

to get something that you want, especially
through your own effort, skill, or work
something that is grown or made in a factory in
large quantities, usually in order to be sold
producing or achieving a lot
to encourage people to buy new products
through advertising, publicity, sales campaigns,
etc.
the quality of being good at leading a group,
organisation, country etc.
in a way that is suitable for a particular situation
or that is based on what someone has done or
said
the activities that are involved in managing the
work of a company or organization; the
government of a country at a particular time
an official organisation or a government
department that has particular responsiblities
and the power to make decisions
someone you work with - used especially by
professional people
a big company, or a group of companies acting
together as a single organization

ethical

adj

ekl

facility

fslti, fslti

Expert PTE Academic B2

Pron

relating to principles of what is right and wrong

rooms, equipment, or services that are provided
for a particular purpose

Example
Fletchers superior technique brought him
victory.
an abundance of wavy red hair
Some US industries are not as competitive as
they have been in the past.

Unit
4
4
4

Consumers will soon be paying higher airfares.

Last year saw a large increase in the
consumption of electrical products.
The company's distribution system needs
improvement.
Further information can be obtained from head
office.

consumer products such as smartphones

Most of us are more productive in the morning.

4
4

We need to promote our products more

strongly!
She has great faith in her own leadership
qualities.

4
4
4

4
4

Katherine still considered him a child and treated

him accordingly.

Were looking for someone with experience in

administration.

We have to apply to the local authority.

a colleague of mine from the bank

He works for a large American corporation.

The use of animals in scientific tests raises
difficult ethical questions.

the company's production facilities

Word

Part of
speech

institution

integrity

Pron
nsttjun,
nsttjun
nterti,
nterti

interaction

ntrkn

majority

mdrti,
mdrti

regime

reim

site

sat

subsidiary

sbsdiri

vision

articulate

captivate

vn
tkjlet,
tkjlet
kptvet,
kptvet

crisis

krass, krass

eloquent

adj

elkwnt

mine

man

endurance

ndjrns

feat

irresistible

adj

fit
rzstbl,
rzstbl

scale

skel

weave

wiv

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
a large organization that has a particular kind of
work or purpose
the quality of being honest and strong about
what you believe to be right
the activity of takling to other people, working
together with them etc
most of the people or things in a group
a government, especially one that was not
elected fairly or that you disapprove of for some
other reason
a place that is used for a particular purpose
a company that is owned or controlled by
another larger company
the knowledge and imagination that are needed
in planning for the future with a clear purpose
to express your ideas or feelings in words
to attract someone very much, and hold their
attention
a situation in which there are a lot of problems
that must be dealt with quickly so that the
situation does not get worse or more dangerous
able to express your ideas and opinions well,
especially in a way that influences people
a deep hole or holes in the ground that people
dig so that they can remove coal, gold, tin etc
the ability to continue doing something difficult
or painful over a long period of time
something that is an impressive achievement,
because it needs a lot of skill, strength etc to do
so attractive, desirable etc that you cannot
prevent yourself from wanting it
to climb to the top of something that is high and
difficult to climb
to put many different ideas, subjects, stories etc
together and connect them smooothly

Example

Unit

the government and other political institutions

a man of great moral integrity

the degree of interaction between teacher and
student

The majority of workers find it quite hard to live

on the amount of money they earn.

4
4

The regime got rid of most of its opponents.

Our other site is the company's research and
development facility.

a subsidiary of a US company

his enthusiasm and clarity of vision

Many people are unable to articulate the
unhappiness they feel.

He was captivated by her intelligence.

The country now faces an economic crisis.

an eloquent appeal for support

one of the largest coal mines in the country

She was pushed beyond her powers of
endurance.
They climbed the mountain in 28 days, a
remarkable feat.
Tax-cutting proposals could prove irresistible to
lawmakers.
Rescuers had to scale a 300-metre cliff to reach
the injured climber.
She weaves a complicated plot of romance and
intrigue

5
5
5
5
5

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

withstand

wstnd, w-

authority

deforestation

exploitation
fluctuation
global
hydroelectric

n
n
adj
adj

implausible

adj

inaccurate

adj

inappropriate

adj

incompatible
innovation

adj
n

eksplten
flktuen
lbl
hadr-lektrk
mplzbl,
mplzbl
nkjrt,
nkjrt
nprpri-t,
nprpri-t
nkmptbl,
nkmptbl
nven

inspire

nspa

mature

v, adj

mt

minimise

mnmaz,
mnmaz

outdated
pressurise

adj
v

atdetd,
atdetd
preraz

prioritise

prartaz,
prartaz

radical

adj

rdkl

refine

rfan

Expert PTE Academic B2

rti, rti,
difrsten,
difrsten

Definition

Example

Unit

to be strong enough to remain unharmed by

something such as great heat, cold, pressure etc
someone who knows a lot about a subject and
whose knowledge and opinions are greatly
respected
the cutting or burning down of all the trees in an
area
the development and use of minerals, forests,
oil etc for business or industry
rapid change in a price, amount, level etc
affecting or including the whole world
using water power to produce electricity
difficult to believe and therefore unlikely to be
true

This fabric can withstand steam and high

temperatures.

a leading authority on Chinese food

the deforestation of the tropics

the exploitation of natural resources often
causes significant environmental damage
the fluctuation in interest rates
global climate change
a huge hydroelectric power station
Margaret found his excuse somewhat
implausible.
A lot of what has been written about him is
inaccurate.
His comments were wholly inappropriate on such
a solemn occasion.
Business interests are incompatible with
government work.
recent innovations in English teaching

We need someone who can inspire the team.

He has matured considerably over the last ten
years.

not completely correct

not suitable, right or polite enough for a
particular purpose or in a particular situation
two things that are incompatible cannot exist or
be accepted otgether
a new idea, method, or invention
to encourage someone by making them feel
confident and eager to do something
to improve or become more sensible with age
to reduce something that is difficult, dangerous,
or unpleasant to the smallest possible amount
or degree
if something is outdated, it is no longer
considered useful or effective, because
something more modern exists
to put something under high pressure
to put several things, problems etc in order of
importance, so that you can deal with the most
important ones first
a radical change or difference is very big and
important
to improve a method, plan, system etc by
gradually making slight changes to it

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

Every effort is being made to minimize civilian

casualties.

outdated teaching methods

pressurise the gas

5
5

You need to prioritize your tasks.

They are proposing radical changes to the way
the company is run.

Car makers are constantly refining their designs.

10

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

renewable

adj

rnjubl

sceptical

adj

submarine

adj

skeptkl
sbmrin,
sbmrin

unconventional

adj

unconvinced

adj

Definition
renewable energy replaces itself naturally, or is
easily replaced because there is a large supply
of it
tending to disagree with what other people tell
you

Example

Unit

renewable energy such as solar power

Im extremely sceptical about what I read in
many newspapers.

submarine plant life

He was liked for his unconventional political
views.

nknvennl

growing or used under the sea

very different from the way people usually
behave, think, dress etc

nknvnst

not persuaded that something is true or good

I remain unconvinced that the idea will work.

if a place is uninhabitable, it is impossible to live

in

Much of the country is uninhabitable because it

is desert.

wise decisions and actions are sensible and

based on good judgment
an activity that you do for pleasure or
amusement
serious changes in the weather conditions on
the Earth, happening naturally or caused by
human activities

Its wise to check whether the flight times have

changed before you leave for the airport.
His only recreations are drinking beer and
watching football.

uninhabitable

adj

nnhbtbl,
nnhbtbl

wise

adj

waz

recreation

rekrien

climate change

klamt tend

emission

mn

fossil fuels

fsl fjulz

greenhouse gas

rinhas s

endangered

adj

ndendd

extinction
generate

n
v

habitat

kstkn
denret
hbtt,
hbtt

pollution

plun

Expert PTE Academic B2

a gas or other substance that is sent into the air

a fuel such as coal or oil that is produced by the
very gradual decaying of animals or plants over
millions of years
a gas, especially carbon dioxide or methane,
that is thought to trap heat above the Earth and
cause the greenhouse effect
If an animal or plant is endangered, there is a
real danger that soon there will be no living
examples of its type.
when a particular type of animal or plant stops
existing
to produce or cause something
the natural home of a plant or animal
the process of making air, water, soil etc
dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to
use, or the state of being dangerously dirty

The likely consquences of climate change are

clear.
Britain agreed to cut emissions of nitrogen oxide
from power stations.

5
5
5
5

Environmentalists would like to see fossil fuels

replaced by renewable energy sources

We are making every effort to reduce

greenhouse gas emissions.

The lizards are classed as an endangered

species .

species in danger of extinction

a useful technique for generating new ideas

5
5

watching monkeys in their natural habitat

Californias tough anti-pollution laws

11

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

contribute

kntrbjut

convert
effect

v
n

knvt
fekt

imply

mpla

undertake

ndtek

violate

valet

awe

conservative

adj

knsvtv

irritation
notoriously

n
adv

rten,
rten
ntrisli

hunt

hnt

altruism

ltru-zm

arise

raz

distress

dstres

empathy

empi

in a ___ fashion

fn

impulse

mpls

sympathy

smpi

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition

Example

Unit

to give money, help, ideas etc to something that

a lot of other people are also involved in
to change something into a different form, or to
change something so that it can be used for a
different purpose or in a different way
a change that is caused by an event, action etc
to suggest that something is true, without
saying this directly

Government employees cannot contribute to

political campaigns.

to do something, usually something difficult

to disobey or do something against an official
agreement, law, principle etc
a feeling of great respect and liking for someone
or something
a guess or approximation that is deliberatly less
severe than what the real amount probably is
the feeling of being annoyed about something,
especially something that happens repeatedly or
for a long time
famous or well known for something bad
to chase animals and birds in order to kill or
catch them
when you care about or help other people, even
though this brings no advantage to yourself
if a problem or difficult situation arises, it begins
to happen
a feeling of extreme unhappiness
the ability to understand other peoples feelings
and problems
in a particular way
a sudden strong desire to do something without
thinking about whether it is a sensible thing to
do
the feeling of being sorry for someone who is in
a bad situation

They converted the spare bedroom into an

office.
My parents divorce had a big effect on me.
Cleo blushed. She had not meant to imply that
he was lying.
Dr Johnson undertook the task of writing a
comprehensive English dictionary.
34 protesters were arrested for violating criminal
law.
He felt great awe for the landscape.
At a conservative estimate, the holiday will cost
about $1500.

5
5
5
5
5
5
5

The heavy traffic is a constant source of

irritation.
Statistics can be notoriously unreliable.

5
5

the hills where I hunted deer as a kid

Many choose to work in developing countries out

of altruism.

A crisis has arisen.

Lukes behaviour caused his parents great
distress.

She had great empathy with people.

Perhaps they could sit down and discuss things
in a civilised fashion.

a sudden impulse to laugh

I have a lot of sympathy for her; she had to
bring up the children on her own.

12

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

attitude

ttjud, ttjud

Definition
the opinions and feelings that you usually have
about something, especially when this is shown
in your behaviour

attribute

trbjut

to believe or say that a situation or event is

caused by something

bond

bnd

commitment

kmtmnt

conformity

knfmti,
knfmti

cooperation

kpren

obedience

bidins

response

rspns

peer

extroversion

ekstrvn

introversion
gender

n
n

ntrvn
dend

convincingly

adv

knvnsli

intriguingly

adv

ntrili

paradoxically
unintentionally

adv
adv

prdkskli
nntentnli

unremarkably

adv

nrmkbli

depressed

adj

dprest

Expert PTE Academic B2

to develop a special relationship with someone

a promise to do something or to behave in a
particular way
behaviour that obeys the accepted rules of
society or a group, and is the same as that of
most other people
when you work with someone to achieve
something that you both want
when someone does what they are told to do, or
what a law, rule etc says they must do
something that is done as a reaction to
something that has happened or been said
your peers are the people who are the same age
as you, or who have the same type of job, social
class etc
having the kind of personality that enjoys
communicating energetically with other people
someone who is introverted is quiet and shy and
does not enjoy always enjoy meeting new
people
the fact of being male or female
making you believe that something is true or
right
something that is intriguing is very interesting
because it is strange, mysterious, or unexpected
in a way that is surprising because it is the
opposite of what you would expect
not done deliberately
if something is unremarkable, it is not very
unusual or interesting
a feeling of great sadness, sometimes a form of
illness

Example
As soon as they found out I was a doctor, their
whole attitude changed.
The fall in the number of deaths from heart
disease is generally attributed to improvements
in diet.
Time must be given for the parents to bond with
their baby.
Are you ready to make a long-term
commitment?

Unit
6
6
6
6

an emphasis on conformity and control

political co-operation with Britain

obedience to his parents

the publics response to our appeal for help

American children did less well in math than

their peers in Japan.
Extroversion is a common character trait
amongst actors.

6
6

Introversion is part of my character.

people of the same gender

6
6

He acted the role of a criminal very convincingly.

Intriguingly, there may be a solution to the

problem.
Paradoxically, the prohibition of liquor caused an
increase in alcoholism.
He unintentionally spilled the coffee.

6
6
6

He led a busy but unremarkable life.

She suffered badly from depression.

13

Word

Part of
speech

devoted

adj

inhibited

adj

isolated

adj

Pron
dvtd,
dvtd
nhbtd,
nhbtd
asletd,
asletd

persistent

adj

psstnt

relaxed
reluctant
stressed

adj
adj
adj

rlkst
rlktnt
strest

demographic

adj

demrfk

moderate

mdret

prior

adj

pra

sample

adj

smpl

amphibian

mfbin

insect

nsekt

mammal

mml

reptile

reptal

anatomy

ntmi

encroachment

nkrtmnt

horn

hn

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
giving someone or something a lot of love and
attention
too embarrassed or nervous to do or say what
you want
feeling alone or not fitting in with others
continuing to exist or happen, especially for
longer than is usual or desirable
feeling calm, comfortable, and not worried or
annoyed
slow and unwilling
so worried and tired that you cannot relax
information about a group such as the people
who live in a particular area
to make something less extreme or violent, or
to become less extreme or violent
existing or arranged before something else or
before the present situation
a small part or amount of something that is
examined in order to find out something about
the whole
an animal such as a frog that can live both on
land and in water
a small creature such as a fly or ant, that has
six legs, and sometimes wings
a type of animal that drinks milk from its
mothers body when it is young.
a type of animal, such as a snake or lizard,
whose body temperature changes according to
the temperature around it, and that usually lays
eggs to have babies
the scientific study of the structure of human or
animal bodies
to gradually take more land
the hard pointed thing that grows, usually in
pairs, on the heads of animals such as cows and
goats

Example

Unit

a devoted father
Many people are inhibited about discussing
sexual matters.
his feeling of isolation increased during winter,
when travel was difficult

persistent rumours
Gail was lying in the sun looking very relaxed
and happy.
She gave a reluctant smile.
I always eat when Im feeling stressed.

demographic change

The students moderated their demands.

You do not need any prior knowledge of the

subject.

Id like to see some samples of your work.

The amphibian population in Britain is declining.

an insect bite

Humans, cats and whales are mammals.

Some reptiles, such as crocodiles, can be very

dangerous.

6
6

6
6
6

a professor of anatomy
The mine encroached on more farmland as it
expanded.

a knife with a horn handle

14

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

keep a low
profile

prfal

spy

spa

acquire

kwa

adjust
astronomy
biology
bizarre

v
n
n
adj

dst
strnmi
baldi
bz, bz

to gain knowledge or learn a skill

to change or move something slightly to
improve it or make it more suitable for a
particular purpose
the scientific study of the stars and planets
the scientific study of living things
very unusual or strange

botany

btni

the scientific study of plants

bright

adj

brat

chemistry

kemstri,
kemstri

intelligent and able to learn things quickly

the science that is concerned with studying the
structure of substances and the way that they
change or combine with each other

creature

krit

ecology

elaborate

adj

kldi
lbrt,
lbrt

evolve

vlv

intricate

adj

ntrkt, ntrkt

mechanics

mknks

microbiology

makrbaldi

physics

fzks

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
to not go to places or be careful not to do
anything that will attract attention to yourself or
your actions
to suddenly see someone or something,
especially after searching for them

anything that is living, such as an animal, fish,

or insect, but not a plant
the way in which plants, animals, and people are
related to each other and to their environment,
or the scientific study of this
having a lot of small parts or details put
together in a complicated way
if an animal or plant evolves, it changes
gradually over a long period of time
containing many small parts or details that all
work or fit together
the science that deals with the effects of forces
on objects
the scientific study of very small living things
such as bacteria
the science concerned with the study of physical
objects and substances, and of natural forces
such as light, heat, and movement

Example

Unit

He's not the sort of politician to keep a low

profile for long.

Ellen suddenly spied her friend in the crowd.

Elsie acquired a good knowledge of Mandarin

Chinese.

We'll adjust to the climate here in the rainforest

eventually.
an interest in astronomy
a degree in biology
a bizarre coincidence
research into the botany of the Andes cloud
forests

7
7
7
7
7

He is constantly coming up with bright ideas.

Its obvious that theres a very real chemistry

between them.

all the living creatures in the sea

the natural ecology of the Earth

pure silk cloths with elaborate patterns

Fish evolved from prehistoric sea creatures.

intricate patterns

the mechanics of it should work

a microbiological examination of the fibres found
near the body

He's studying physics.

15

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

weird
infant

adj
n

wd
nfnt

marine

adj

mrin

aquarium

captivity
jaw

n
n

kwerim
kptvti,
kptvti
d

skull

skl

spine

span

aspect

spekt

attempt

tempt

constrain

knstren

core

element

inadequate

adj

elmnt, elmnt
ndkwt,
ndkwt

microbe

makrb

organism

nzm

oxygen

ksdn

species

spiiz

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
very strange and unusual, and difficult to
understand or explain
a baby or very young child
relating to the sea and the creatures that live
there
a clear glass or plastic container for fish and
other water animals
when a person or animal is kept in a prison,
cage etc and not allowed to go where they want
one of the two bones that your teeth are in
the bones of a persons or animals head
the row of bones down the centre of your back
that supports your body and protects your spinal
cord
one part of a situation, idea, plan etc that has
many parts

Example

Unit

A really weird thing happened last night.

An infants skin is very sensitive.

7
7

the enormous variety of marine life

we need to prevent leaks in the aquarium

The hostages were released from captivity.

a broken jaw

7
7

He cant seem to get it into his skull that Im

just not interested in him.

His spine wasn't broken in the fall.

Dealing with people is the most important
aspect of my work.

7
7

to try to do something, especially something

difficult
to stop someone from doing what they want to
do

In this chapter I will attempt to explain what led

up to the revolution.
Financial factors should not constrain doctors
from prescribing the best treatment for patients.

the most important or central part of something

one part or feature of a whole system, plan,
piece of work etc, especially one that is basic or
important
not good enough, big enough, skilled enough etc
for a particular purpose
an extremely small living thing which you can
only see if you use a microscope
an animal, plant, human, or any other living
thing
a gas that has no colour or smell, is present in
air, and is necessary for most animals and
plants to live. It is a chemical element: symbol
O
a group of animals or plants whose members
are similar and can breed together to produce
young animals or plants

the core of the problem

Honesty is a vital element of her success.

inadequate resources

Some microbes can cause diseases.

All living organisms have to adapt to changes in
environmental conditions.

7
7

Air comprises oxygen, nitrogen, and small

amounts of other chemicals.

Seven species of birds of prey have been

observed.

16

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

trace
visible

n
adj

tres
vzbl, vzbl

absence

bsns

nuclear

adj

njukli

planet
sphere
surface

n
n
n

humanity

plnt, plnt
sf
sfs, sfs
hjumnti,
hjumnti

sculpture

sklpt

abstract

adj

bstrkt

depiction

dpkn

expressive

adj

kspresv

surreal

adj

srl

apprentice

prents,
prents

calligrapher

k l rf

disapproval

dspruvl

eccentric

adj

meticulous

adj

ksentrk
mtkjls,
mtkjls

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
a very small amount of a quality, emotion,
substance etc that is difficult to see or notice
something that is visible can be seen
the lack of something or the fact that it does not
exist
relating to or involving the nucleus (=central
part) of an atom, or the energy produced when
the nucleus of an atom is either split or joined
with the nucleus of another atom
a very large round object in space that moves
around the Sun or another star
a ball shape
the top layer of an area of water or land
people in general
an object made out of stone, wood, clay etc by
an artist
based on general ideas or principles rather than
specific examples or real events
describing something or someone in writing or
speech, or showing them in a painting, picture
etc
showing very clearly what someone thinks or
feels
a situation or experience that is surreal is very
strange and difficult to understand, like
something from a dream
someone who works for an employer for a fixed
period of time in order to learn a particular skill
or job
someone who produces beautiful writing using
special pens or brushes
an attitude that shows you think that someone
or their behaviour, ideas etc are bad or not
suitable
behaving in a way that is unusual and different
from most people
very careful about small details, and always
making sure that everything is done correctly

Example
I saw the faintest trace of a smile on Sandra's
face.
The outline of the mountains was clearly visible.

Unit

a complete absence of any kind of planning

Frances reliance on nuclear energy

Mercury is the smallest of all the planets in our
solar system.
Planets are spheres.
Dead leaves floated on the surface of the water.
We want a clean healthy environment for all
humanity.

a sculpture of an elephant

the ability to translate abstract ideas into words

a book depicting life in pre-revolutionary Russia

her wonderfully expressive eyes

surreal art

She works in the hairdressers as an apprentice.

a famous Japanese calligrapher

strong disapproval of the countrys human rights

record

his eccentric behaviour

He kept meticulous accounts.

7
7

7
7
7
7

17

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

renowned

adj

rnand

stint

stnt

venerated

adj

venretd

ambitious

adj

mbs

analogy

contemporary

adj

nldi
kntemprri, pri

encounter

nkant

interpretation

ntprten,
ntprten

manipulate

mnpjlet,
mnpjlet

pose

pz

practitioner

prktn

transform
uniqueness

v
n

trnsfm
ju nikns

ornamentation
perfection

n
n

nmenten
pfekn

proportions

prpnz

symmetry

smtri, smtri

ability

competent

adj

blti, blti
kmptnt,
kmptnt

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
known and admired by a lot of people, especially
for a special skill, achievement, or quality
a period of time spent doing a particular job or
activity
honoured or respected because they are old,
holy, or connected with the past
determined to do well in a job, be successful,
rich, powerful etc
something that seems similar between two
situations, processes etc

Example

Unit

an island renowned for its beauty

Mark did a two-year stint in the army.

In some religions, the sun is an object of
veneration.
Alfred was intensely ambitious, obsessed with
the idea of becoming rich.

analogies between human and animal behaviour

belonging to the present time

an exhibition of contemporary Japanese prints

an occasion when you meet someone, or do

something with someone you do not know
the way in which someone explains or
understands an event, information, someones
actions etc

She didnt remember our encounter last

summer.

the artist's interpretation of her emotions

to use skill in moving or handling something

to sit or stand in a particular position in order to
be photographed or painted, or to make
someone do this

the workmen manipulated the controls carefully

We posed for photographs.

someone who regularly does a particular activity

to completely change the appearance, form, or
character of something or someone, especially
in a way that improves it
being the only one of its kind
decoration on an object that makes it look
attractive
the state of being perfect
the correct or most suitable relationship
between size, shape or position of the different
parts of something
having one side the opposite in shape as the
other
if you can do something, you have the ablity to
do it
having enough skill or knowledge to do
something to a satisfactory standard

a practitioner of Buddhism

Increased population has transformed the

landscape.
Each person's fingerprints are unique.

8
8

a bronze plate with gold ornamentation

My father expected perfection from all of us.

8
8

Architects must learn about scale and

proportion.

Squares and triangles have symmetry.

the ability to walk

A competent mechanic should be able to fix the
problem.

8
8

18

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

equipment

kwpmnt

fundamental

adj

fndmentl

ignore

phase

fez

rehearsal

talented

adj

rhsl
tlntd,
tlntd

budget

bdt, bdt

tremendously

adv

trmendsli

genre

nr

hazard

hzd

indistinguishable
speech
recognition

adj

ndstwbl

reknn

dimensions
emerge

n
v

damennz, dmd

impact
initial

v
adj

mpkt
nl

interact

ntrkt

military
nanometre

adj
n

mltri, mltri
nnmit

pursue

psju

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
the tools, machines etc that you need to do a
particular job or activity
relating to the most basic and important parts of
something
to deliberately pay no attention to something
that you have been told or that you know about
one of the stages of a process of development
or change
a time when all the people in a play, concert etc
practise before a public performance

Example

Unit

a shop selling camping equipment

We have to tackle the fundamental cause of the
problem.
You cant ignore the fact that many criminals
never go to prison.

a new drug that is in the experimental phase

a rehearsal for Romeo and Juliet

having a natural ability to do something well

the money that is available to an organization or
person, or a plan of how it will be spent

a talented actor

a welfare program with a budget of $2 million

very big, fast, powerful etc

a particular type of art, writing, music etc, which
has certain features that all examples of this
type share

tremendously wealthy

a new genre of film-making

Polluted water sources are a hazard to wildlife.

something that may be dangerous, or cause

accidents or problems
things that are indistinguishable are so similar
that you cannot see any difference between
them
the ability of a computer to recognise speech
the size of something, especially when this is
given as its length, height, and width
to appear or come out from somewhere
to have an important or noticeable effect on
someone or something
happening at the beginning
if people interact with each other, they talk to
each other, work together etc
used by, involving, or relating to the army,
navy, airforce etc
a billionth of a metre
to continue doing an activity or trying to achieve
something over a long period of time

an artificial material that is almost

indistinguishable from real silk
The software had speech recognition
capabilities.
We need to know the exact dimensions of the
room.
The flowers emerge in the spring.
The Food Safety Act will progressively impact on
the way food businesses operate.
an initial investment of 5000
Lucy interacts well with other children in the
class.
involvement in the military is voluntary in most
countries
it was only a few nanometres wide
She plans to pursue a career in politics.

8
8

9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9

19

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

atmosphere

tmsf

capability

kepblti,
kepblti

content

n, c

kntent

content

n, uc

kntent

empirical

adj

mprkl

equation

kwen

mechanism

meknzm

rational

adj

rnl

vehicle

vikl

aerodynamics

erdanmks

aloft

adj

lft

mission

mn

satellite

stlat, stlat

simultaneously

adv

smltenisli

stratospheric

adj

strtsferk

surveillance

svelns

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
the gases, such as air, surrounding the Earth or
another planet
the natural ability, skill, or power that makes a
machine, person, or organization able to do
something, especially something difficult
the things that are inside a box, bag, room etc
the information contained in a website,
smartphone app etc
based on scientific testing or practical
experience, not on ideas
a statement in mathematics that shows that two
amounts or totals are equal
part of a machine or a set of parts that does a
particular job

Example

Unit

Mars has only a thin atmosphere.

the countrys manufacturing capability

The customs official rummaged through the
contents of his briefcase.
The graphics are brilliant. It's just a shame the
content is so poor.

empirical evidence

In the equation 2x + 1 = 7, what is x?

the brake mechanism

rational thoughts, decisions etc are based on

reasons rather than emotions
a machine with an engine that is used to take
people or things from one place to another, such
as a car, bus, or truck
the scientific study of how objects move through
the air

Parents need to be fully informed so they can

make a rational decision.

a description of the stolen vehicle

high up in the air

an important job that involves travelling
somewhere, done by a member of the air force,
army etc, or by a spacecraft
a machine that has been sent into space and
goes around the Earth, Moon etc, used for radio,
television, and other electronic communication
things that are simultaneous happen at exactly
the same time

He emerged, holding a baby aloft.

He was sent on over 200 missions before being

killed in action.

relating to the outer part of the air surrounding

the Earth
when one country watches the military etc
activities of another country to see what they
are planning to do

the launch of a communications and weather

satellite
The opera will be broadcast simultaneously on
television and radio.

9
9

stratospheric air travel

surveillance aircraft

20

Word

Part of
speech

Pron

compromise

kmprmaz

despair
a host of
inadvertent

v
n
adj

dspe
hst
ndvtnt

resort

rzt

textures

tekstz

tolerant

adj

tlrnt

acceptance

kseptns

additional

adj

dnl

charge

td

divide

dvad, dvad

draw

dr

levy

levi

malnourished
ongoing

adj
adj

mlnrt
n

overeat

vrit

portion

reinforce

pn
rinfs,
rinfs

reject

rdekt

Expert PTE Academic B2

Definition
an agreement that is achieved after everyone
involved accepts less than what they wanted at
first, or the act of making this agreement
give someone the feeling that they do not know
how to deal with you
a large number of
without realizing what you are doing
to do something bad, extreme, or difficult
because you cannot think of any other way to
deal with a problem
the way a surface or material feels when you
touch it, or the way that a particular type of
food feels in your mouth
accepting something without criticising or
complaining
when people agree that an idea, statement,
explanation etc is right or true
more than what was agreed or expected
to ask someone for a particular amount of
money for something you are selling
if you divide something, or if something divides,
it separates into two or more parts
to attract someone, or make them want to do
something
an additional sum of money, usually paid as a
tax
someone who is malnourished is ill or weak
because they have not had enough good food to
eat
continuing, or continuing to develop
to eat too much, or eat more than is healthy
an amount of food for one person at a meal; a
part of something larger, especially a part that
is different from the other parts
to give support to an opinion, idea, or feeling,
and make it stronger
to refuse to accept, believe in, or agree with
something

Example

Unit

Compromise is an inevitable part of marriage.

10

My teachers begain to despair of me.

a whole host of problems
inadvertent exposure to chemicals

10
10
10

Officials fear that extremists may resort to

violence.

10

This soup has a lovely creamy texture.

Luckily, my parents were tolerant of my choice
of music.

10

the acceptance of Einstein's theory

Additional information can be obtained from the
centre.

10

The hotel charges $125 a night.

Scientists traditionally divide the oceans into
zones.

10

What first drew you to teaching?

10

He wants to impose a levy on landfill waste.

10

malnourished children
their ongoing search for a new director

10
10

Don't overeat at lunchtime as you won't eat your

dinner tonight.

10

10

10

10

a huge portion of roast beef

The film reinforces the idea that women should
be pretty and dumb.

10

Sarah rejected her brothers offer of help.

10

10

21

Word

Part of
speech

so-called

adj

strengthen

supplement

s kld
stren,
strenn
splmnt,
splmnt

undercook

ndkk

elective

lektv

faculty

fklti

major

med

mediation

midien

protocol

prtkl

tutorial

tjutril

act

kt

engage

ned

fulfilling

adj

flfl

Expert PTE Academic B2

Pron

Definition
used to describe someone or something that has
been given a name that you think is wrong
to make something stronger, or to become
stronger
something that you add to something else to
improve it or make it complete
to not cook something enough, so that it isn't
tasty or isn't healthy
a course that students can choose to take, but
they do not have to take it in order to graduate
a department or group of related departments
within a university
the main subject that a student studies at
college or university
an attempt to end a disagreement by helping
the two sides to talk through the issues and find
a solution
a system of rules about the correct way to
behave on an official occasion
a period of teaching and discussion with a tutor,
especially in a British university
a law that has been officially accepted by a
parliament, congress etc
to get involved with other people and their ideas
in order to understand them
if you fulfill a hope, wish or aim, you achieve the
thing that you hoped for, wishes for etc

Example
The so-called experts couldnt tell us what was
wrong.
Our friendship has steadily strengthened over
the years.

Unit

vitamins and other dietary supplements

10

Don't undercook the meat!

10

Which electives are you taking this semester?

10

the Faculty of Law

10

Her major is history.

10

the groups ended up in mediation

10

a breach of diplomatic protocol

10

the tutorial system

10

an act of parliament
Are you so tired that you don't have the energy
to engage with your kids?
Being deaf hasn't stopped Karen fulfilling her
ambition to gain a PhD.

10

10
10

10
10

22