Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
(NKEA)
CONTENTS
Page
1.0
2.0
Introduction
1.1 Purpose
1.2 National Key Economic Area (NKEA)
1
1
11
13
18
21
23
25
27
27
28
28
30
Disclaimer:
Information contained herein is given in good faith to assist the oil palm industry in considering and evaluating
biogas projects. Readers are advised to check to confirm facts, figures and other information contained herein and
seek independent professional advice. We welcome any feedback to constantly improve this booklet.
NKEA: EPP 5
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is:
To inform palm oil millers on the benefits of biogas trapping and provide the
relevant information to facilitate planning and implementation.
The importance of biogas trapping is evident from its inclusion as one of the eight Entry
Point Projects (EPPs) of the palm oil National Key Economic Area (NKEA).
Economic Sectors
Oil, gas and energy
Palm oil
Financial services
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1.3 NKEA: Palm Oil
Malaysias palm oil industry is one of the largest contributors to the national economy.
In 2009, it accounted for RM53 billion in Gross National Income (GNI). This GNI is
targeted to increase by RM125 billion to reach RM178 billion by 2020. As a major
contributor to economic growth, the Palm Oil NKEA programme plans to implement
eight core Entry Point Projects (EPPs) spanning the palm oil value chain. The palm oil
EPPs are as follows;
Upstream
productivity
and
sustainability
Downstream
expansion
and
sustainability
EPP 1
EPP 2
EPP 3
EPP 4
EPP 5
EPP 6
EPP 7
EPP 8
EPPs No. 5 aims to achieve the installation of biogas facilities in all palm oil mills in Malaysia by
2020.
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Reduces GHG emissions i.e methane and CO2 which cause global warming
Reduces land use for POME treatment
Generates additional revenue in the palm oil milling process
Eligible for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) application
The CDM project transforms GHG emission reduction into cash through sale of
carbon credits
Reduces global and local environmental pollution impacts
Reduces dependence on fossil fuel, and enhances fuel diversity and security of
energy supply
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2.3
The capturing of biogas from POME has attracted keen interest in the palm oil industry.
This is because of the vast potential of biogas as a clean renewable fuel as well as for the
mitigation of GHG emissions. Biogas projects are eligible for the Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM) scheme under the Kyoto Protocol, United Nation Framework
Convention on Climate Change. Registered projects will qualify for certified emission
reductions (CER) or carbon credits.
Capturing of biogas from POME can be carried out using a number of various local or
foreign technologies. The closed-tank anaerobic digester system with continuous stirredtank reactor (CSTR), the methane fermentation system employing special
microorganisms and the reversible flow anaerobic baffled reactor (RABR) system are
among the technologies offered by the technology providers.
Ponding system for palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment and covered lagoon technology
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2.4 Comparison of Biogas Capture Technologies
Several systems to generate biogas from POME have been developed using both local
and foreign technology. The technologies are summarised as follows:
Name of
technology
provider
System
Life term
(years)
HRT
(days)
Keck Seng
Continuous
stirred tank
reactor (CSTR)
Majurutera
Complete
stirred tank
reactor (CSTR)
Biogas
Environment
Engineering (BEE)
High efficiency
methane
fermentation
system
Reversible flow
anaerobic
baffled reactor
(RABR)
UPM-FELDAKyushu Institute
of Technology
Semicommercial
closed
anaerobic
digester
Ronser Bio-Tech
and ShanghaiJiaotong
University zerodischarge
treatment
technology
AnaEG
(Combination
of UASB and
EGSB
technologies)
Biotec Asia
International Sdn
Bhd
Covered lagoon
biodigester
COD
(mg/L)
18
250-500
8000-12,000
10
20-25
20
20
25
20
50-270
Volume of
biogas
generated
1400-2500
~0.35
Nm3/kg of
COD
20 m3/tonne
of POME
>26-30 m3/
tonne of
POME
10-15
6000
0.23 Nm3/kg
of COD
10
2000
20 m3/tonne
of POME
8001000
2000-2800
22
23 m3/tonne
of POME
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NKEA: EPP 5
2.5 Total Potential of Biogas from POME
The estimated potential energy generated from biogas in Malaysia is 1.88 million MWhr
of electricity which is equivalent to 261 MW of the potential power based on 21%
efficiency in a steam plant (based on yield of FFB in 2009).
Material
Production Rate
Quantity
85.71
67% of EFB
Biogas
28 m3 m-3
1607.76 million m3
Biogas CV at 35C
Total heat value
20 MJ m-3
1607.76 x 20 million MJ
= 32155.2 million MJ
32155.2 million MJ
8.93 million MWhr
*1MWhr = 1 MJ/3600
Power Output
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2.6 Utilization of Biogas
Biogas can be used for various applications in place of natural gas. Since most boilers
do not require high quality gas specifications, the use of biogas in boilers is most
encouraged and has been increasing rapidly. Stationary engines of pumps, generators
and power tools are also a popular option for the utilization biogas. In vehicle fuel,
upgrading of the biogas quality is necessary. Upgrading the biogas includes the
reduction of H2S and CO2. Connecting the electricity generated to the national
electricity grid is another profitable way of utilizing the biogas, which is in tune with
the target set in the Malaysian Fifth Fuel Policy of achieving 5% of national gridconnected electricity generation from renewable sources.
NKEA: EPP 5
ULU KANCHONG PALM OIL MILL BIOGAS PLANT FOR CO-FIRING IN
BIOMASS BOILER
The biogas plant of Ulu Kanchong Palm Oil Mill (UKPOM) is a
collaboration project between the owner Gan Teng Siew Realty Sdn Bhd
(GSTR) and Biotec International Asia Sdn Bhd (807700-A)-(BIA) as a
technology provider. Biotec International, the parent company of BIA was
founded in 1984 in Belgium. The Ulu
Kanchong biogas project is BIAs first biogas plant in South East
Asia. Biotec is an established technology provider with activities in
integrated organic matter management and environmental solutions for
tropical agro-industrial effluent. The scope of business and R&D activities
include effluent treatment, biogas capture, energy use and consultation
for Clean Development Mechanism based projects.
Biotec started construction of the biogas plant for UKPOM in 2009. The
plant was built using covered lagoon technology (Figure 1) commissioned
in February 2010 and started its commercial operation since June 2010.
The plant consists of three main systems, palm oil mill effluent (POME)
cooling system; biodigester system which is based on Biotec Covered
Lagoon technology and biogas utilization system. The plant was designed
to cater for POME produced from the processing of 350,000 tonnes fresh
fruit bunches (FFB) or equivalent to 280,000 tonnes of POME/year. The
general technical description of the plant is illustrated and summarized in
Figure 2.
FFB
350 000 TFF/y
0.80 m3/TFFB
80 kg COD/m3
MILL
60 TFF/h
POME
BOILER
BIOGAS
5 250 000 Nm3 CH4/y
8 750 000 Nm3 biogas /y
35 000 CERs/y
21.38 m3 CH4/TFFB
0.12 CERs/TFFB
Approx. 5 % of
biogas production
per year
FLARE
Existing lagoons
280 000 m3/y
22 400 T COD/y
TREATED
EFLLUENT
BIODIGESTOR
266 000 m3/y
2 240 Ton
COD/y
Bio-digester system
Figure 2: Process flow diagram of biogas plant
A covered lagoon type of anaerobic biodigester was installed at the mill
with the objectives to reduce the investment cost and ease the operation
procedure. The lagoons are sealed at their bottom with a waterproof liner
(geomembrane). The plant is also equipped with mixing and sludge
purging systems to ensure that the POME is evenly distributed, mixed and
discharged. The top geomembrane captures and stores the biogas
generated during the anaerobic digestion of POME.
The system offers an efficient operation, a larger gas storage and less
maintenance and operation costs. The COD removal of the system is
approximately at 90% efficiency and treated effluent of the biogas plant is
sent to the existing open lagoon system for further degradation and
polishing, with the final discharge registering BOD of 40 to 80 ppm.
Average biogas production from the system is 25 Nm3 (or 15 Nm3 of
methane) for every tonne FFB processed. Five percent purged sludge
from the anaerobic digester can be transferred and used as fertiliser after
a sufficient retention time.
RM 7,000,000
RM 475,000 /
year
RM 2,100,000 /
year
4.3 years
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NKEA: EPP 5
BIOGAS PLANT OF KECK SENGS INTEGRATED PALM OIL COMPLEX
FOR
STEAM PRODUCTION & UTILIZATION
Keck Seng (Malaysia) Berhad, (KS) operates an integrated palm oil mill complex located in Masai, Johor. The complex consists of a
palm oil mill, kernel crushing plant, palm oil refinery and other plants for downstream activities (Figure 1). Due to highly energy
demand mainly from refinery processing and a vision to maximize the use of in-house renewable energy sources, KS has installed
and operates a biogas plant to cater for the energy requirement of the whole complex.
An anaerobic digester system was designed, built and commissioned in 1984 for the treatment of high-strength palm oil mill effluent
(POME). The total tank capacity of the biogas plant is 10, 400 m 3 with 2 floating and 2 fixed roof tanks (Figure 2 and 3). The
flowrate of each plant is 500 m3/day. The biogas generated is used as fuel for boilers and chillers for the refinery. After years of
successful operation, KS licensed its unique anaerobic digester system for biogas generation and capture to Novaviro Technology
Sdn Bhd, to commercialise the system.
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Biogas Environmental Engineering Sdn. Bhd. (BEE) High Efficient
Methane Fermentation System for Electricity Generation
Biogas Environmental Engineering Sdn. Bhd. (BEE) is a company engaged and specialized in research, engineering design,
construction and management of methane renewable energy development and environmental protection. The companys core
business is utilization of anaerobic digestion technology to process industrial organic waste water from food and beverage
industries, concentrated animal farm operations and palm oil mills.
A biogas harnessing system developed in collaboration between Biogas Environmental Engineering Sdn. Bhd. (BEE) and
Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) has been installed, and is currently in operation at Tee Teh Palm Oil Mill, Rompin,
Pahang (Figure 1). The biogas harnessing system is a highly efficient methane fermentation system using the USR employing
specialty microorganisms. The biogas system consists of a cooling pond, two acidification ponds, a concrete-steel digester tank
or an enameled assembly tank, a biogas floating storage tank and a discharging pond (Scheme 1). Evaluation/monitoring of the
biogas system performance over a year with sampling of 42 sets of wastewater showed that the system is technically mature,
3
3
and is highly efficient, with a COD/BOD removal rate of 90-95% and a biogas production rate of 27-30 m per m of POME
(Table 1).
Table 1: Performance characteristic of the biogas system
Parameter
Raw effluent
COD (ppm)
BOD (ppm)
Discharge after digester tank
COD (ppm)
BOD (ppm)
Composition of biogas
Methane (%)
Carbon dioxide (%)
Hydrogen sulphide (ppm)
Volume of biogas (m3 m-3
POME)
Performance
characteristics
44 000 - 83 000
14 000 - 34 000
1400 - 2500
50 - 270
56 - 64
35 - 41
217 - 1418
26.6 30.0
Economic Analysis
The investment cost for the installation of the biogas trapping
facility is estimated to be RM 4-6 million, depending on the
capacity of the palm oil mill. A payback period of 2-4 years can be
achieved with revenues from on-grid electricity generation
amounting to 1-1.5 MW, sale of saved palm fibre and shell,
biofertilizer production, and savings from reduced diesel
consumption.
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EFB Treatment Plant for the Production of Boiler Fuel and Dry Long Fibre
EFB is the biggest underutilized solid biomass generated from the palm oil mills. Owing
to its physical characteristics and high moisture content of 65-70%, the EFB has to be
pre-treated to reduce its bulkiness and moisture content, for it to be utilized either as
fuel or as a feedstock for value added products. This pretreatment requires energy.
Electricity generated from the palm biogas would be a green source of energy which can
be tapped to exploit this business opportunity.
The pretreatment system of EFB involves a series of machineries and processes
(Figure 1). Depending on the technology providers and usage, the typical, basic
pretreatment system for EFB comprises a screw press or shredder (or combination of
both) followed by hammer mill. This produces EFB fibre with moisture content and
length about 40 to 50% and 4 inches respectively which is ready to be used as boiler
fuel (Figure 2). This process requires about 150200 kWh of electricity to produce 1
tonne of EFB fibre. In some palm oil mills, EFB fibre is mixed with mesocarp fibre and
burned in the boiler. This approach will displace some of the palm shells (which has
better price) which can be sold as solid fuel to other nearby industries. EFB fibre with
these specifications can also be sold as boiler fuel for palm biomass based power plants
and for biocomposting application.
EFB Juice
Raw EFB
Hammer mill
Baling Machine
Boiler Fuel
Figure 1: Process flow of the production of boiler fuel and dry long fibre from empty fruit bunch
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Figure 2: Baled dry long fibre and strand fibre of processed EFB
b)
Processed fibre produced from the EFB treatment plant can be further treated and
used as feedstocks to produce high quality solid fuels such as briquette and pellet.
With the excess electricity generated from the biogas plant, the EFB treatment plant
could be integrated with a briquette or pellet plant in a palm oil mill. The EFB
pretreatment plant needs to be equipped with the additional equipment such as a
dryer, pulverizer and screener in order to produce EFB fibre with moisture and size
of less than 20% and 1 cm respectively (Figure 3).
Briquettes and pellets (Figure 5) are made via a densification process.
Densification is the process of compacting the biomass residue into a uniform solid
fuel. Both products have higher density and energy content as well as less moisture
compared to its raw materials. Briquetting or pelletizing of palm biomass, especially
EFB can be done using various techniques, either with or without addition of a
binder.
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These processes are among ways to improve the behaviour of fuel because it increases
the homogenity and facilitate the logistics and storage of the fuel.
Depending of technology used, a briquette or pellet plant requires about 200300 kWh for every one tonne of briquette or pellet produced from EFB. Higher
electricity consumption is required for pretreatment of the EFB to produce the
feedstock for the briquetting and pelletizing process. A comparison of the potential
annual production of DLF and palm solid biofuel in a palm oil mill is summarized in
Table 2. Both DLF and palm solid biofuel production can be combined in a single
production line as shown in Figure 4. The mass ratio of DLF to solid fuel from this
approach is 70:30.
Treated
EFB
RAW EFB
EFB
fibre
EFB pre-treatment
plant
Size
screening
Briquetting /
pelletizing
EFB juice
Packaging
Palm-based
briquettes / pellet
Figure 3: Process flow diagram for the production of palm biomass briquettes or pellets
Treated
EFB
RAW EFB
EFB pre-treatment
plant + Dryer
Size
screening
Baling
machine
Pulverizer
EFB juice
Palm-based
briquettes / pellet
Briquette / pellet
machine
Figure 4: Integrated production of DLF and solid fuel in a palm oil mill
In general, both briquettes and pellets are in the form of cylindrical logs. The
main differences between these products are their size and specific density. Palm
pellets and briquettes are potential alternatives to fossil fuels especially for combined
heat and power plants (CHP). Since the objective of densification is to ease the
transportation and handling of palm biomass, palm briquettes and pellets will be
suitable for export.
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Besides that, because of the superior quality of these biomass fuels compared
to the raw material, they are also potential feedstocks for the production of secondgeneration biofuel, especially for thermochemical based energy conversion
technologies such as pyrolysis, gasification and biomass-to-liquid (BTL) processes.
Table 2: Estimated annual production of DLF and palm biomass solid fuel in a 60 t/hr
palm oil mill
Raw material
Dry Long Fibre Pellet/ Briquette Combined
Plant
Fresh fruit bunches (FFB)
288,000
288,000
288,000
processed annually (tonnes)
Annual raw EFB produced (at
66,240
66,240
66,240
23% of FFB, 65% moisture
content, MC) (tonnes)
Treated EFB (TEFB)
(tonnes)
33,120
(at 15% MC)
29,808
(at 10% MC)
23,184
(70% of TEFB)
9.27
(at
RM400/tonne)
26,827
(90% of TEFB)
8.0
(at RM300/
tonne)
5 (DLF) + 1
1.25
(at 250
kWh/tonne)
1.85
1.25
(at 250
kWh/tonne)
1.85
1.25
33,120
23,184 (DLF)
6,624 (solid fuel)
11.26
1.85
NKEA: EPP 5
c)
Palm kernel crushing plants are normally located at locations away from the palm oil
mills. If this can be shifted to the palm oil mill itself, then the energy from biogas may be
used to operate the kernel crushing plant. Palm kernel (Figure 6) produced from the
palm oil mill can be processed in-situ to produce crude palm kernel oil (CPKO) and palm
kernel cake (PKC). There are three types of CPKO extraction process in the country, via
mechanical extraction (screw press), direct solvent extraction, and pre-pressing
followed by solvent extraction. Mechanical extraction (Figure 7) using a screw press is
the most common approach in the country and can be integrated into palm oil mills.
The typical KCP consists of the kernel reception, kernel storage, press station,
CPKO station and PKC storage. The process of CPKO extraction requires about 90100
kWh of electricity/tonne palm kernel. Electricity consumption is a main contributor to
the operation cost of a commercial KCP. Therefore, setting up the KCP in the palm oil
mill utilizing the electricity from the biogas plant will save a lot on its operational cost.
On average, the kernel is 6% of the FFB processed. For a 60 t/hr palm oil mill, 3.6
tonnes of palm kernel is produced hourly. Based on 24 hours of processing time, a 100
t/day capacity KCP can be installed in the palm oil mill to process their internal palm
kernels from the mill.
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Use as a compressed natural gas (CNG) which can be an alternative for natural
gas vehicles (NGV). This CNG can be used as alternative fuel for vehicles used in
palm oil mills such as forklift, lorry etc
Feeding into natural gas (NG) pipeline or bottling and transporting for industrial
use
For other operational units that require energy such as vapour absorption
chiller, hot water and hot air production; biodiesel plant, EFB fibre plant and
kernel crushing plant
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Economic Analysis of Biogas Utilization (based on 60 t/hr palm oil mill)
Type of biogas utilization : Co firing
Technology
Digester Tank
Covered Lagoon
8.0
7.0
13,824
2.07
IRR %
0.2
1.87
4.3
0.14
1.93
3.6
23.34
27.57
1.8
1.8
9,072,000
2.90 (@ RM0.32/kWh)
3.16 (@ RM0.35/kWh)
18.0
14.4
0.72
2.18 (@ RM0.32/kWh)
2.44 (@ RM0.35/kWh)
8.3 (@ RM0.32/kWh)
7.4 (@ RM0.35/kWh)
IRR, %
12.1 (@ RM0.32/kWh)
13.6 (@ RM0.35/kWh)
0.58
2.32 (@
RM0.32/kWh)
2.58 (@
RM0.35/kWh)
6.2 (@
RM0.32/kWh)
5.6(@ RM0.35/kWh)
16.1 (@
RM0.32/kWh)
18.0 (@
RM0.35/kWh)
*The investment cost or payback period of the project will be reduced if any tax exemption or
rebate incentive is applied in the project cost or annual business revenue and expenditure.
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Flow Chart for Applying Connection to Utilitys Distribution System
RE Developer to provide
commitment fee* for
Utility System Study
RE Developer to start
construction of proposed plant
and Interconnection Facilities
RE Developer/utility to
perform necessary work to
reinforce system
Page
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2.9 Incentives for Renewable Energy (RE)
Commercial and industrial business entities which are involved in the energy business
using renewable energy (RE) resources for generation of electric power eligible to apply
for fiscal incentives.
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2.9.1 The Green Technology Financing Scheme (GTFS) he Green
Technology Fin
In the budget speech for 2010, the Prime Minister of Malaysia announced the
establishment of Green Technology Financing Scheme (GTFS) amounting to RM1.5 billion
as an effort to improve the supply and utilization of Green Technology. The scheme could
benefit companies who are producers and users of green technology. As a sign of
commitment, the Government will bear 2% of the total interest/profit rate. In addition,
the Government will provide a guarantee of 60% on the financing amount via Credit
Guarantee Corporation Malaysia Berhad (CGC), with the remaining 40% financing risk to
be borne by participating financial institutions (PFIs). The Prime Minister also appointed
GreenTech Malaysia as the conduit for the GTFS application.
The GTFS exists to help incorporating green technology elements in specific
project related to the identified sectors. These projects must be located within Malaysia,
utilising local and/or imported technology. Private companies that could benefit from
this financing scheme are producer or user of green technology products or systems.
GTFS for producer or user category shall be as follows:
Features
Financing size
Financing tenure
Up to 15 years
Up to 10 years
Eligibility criteria
Participating
financial
institutions (PFIs)
This scheme is only applicable for new project and retrofitting or expansion that
incorporates Green Technology elements which have not been funded and partly funded.
The GTFS is not for projects that already started or completed.
Source: http://www.gtfs.my/
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2.10 Technology Providers for Biogas Implementation
Company
Biogas Environmental
Engineering Sdn Bhd
Ronser Bio-Tech Sdn
Bhd
Choon Hin
Environmental
Sdn Bhd
Green & Smart Sdn
Bhd
Konzen Clean Energy
Sdn
Bhd
Majurutera
Engineering
&Management Sdn
Bhd
Weidasar Engineering
(M)
Sdn Bhd
Anaerobic Digester
Biogas
Technology Sdn Bhd
Kubota Corporation
Sime Kubota Sdn Bhd
Tenaga Tiub Sdn Bhd/
TT Rematech
Biotec International
Asia
Sdn Bhd
Address/Email
28-3, Jalan 1/116B, Sri Desa Entrepreneurs
Park Odd
Kuchai Lama, 58200 Kuala Lumpur
C708, Metropolitan Square, Jalan PJU 8/1,
Bandar Damansara Perdana, 47820 Petaling
Jaya,
Selangor
No. 6-10, Jalan Jati, 86000 Kluang, Johor
Email: cheng@choonhin.com.my
Contact
Tel : +603-7984 2422
Fax : +603-7984 2896
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Biotec International
Asia
Sdn Bhd
Oiltek Novaviro
Bioenergy
Sdn Bhd
Alternative Energy
Corporation [ALT
Energy (M) Sdn Bhd]
Swing Water Sdn Bhd
Watermech
Engineering Sdn Bhd
KPSR Construction
Tel:+603-58825595
Fax:+603-58827795
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2.11 List of Sustainable Palm Oil Mills with Biogas Capturing
Facilities
1.
2.
Address
Kong Kong Road, P.O.Box 1,
81757 Masai, Johor
Peti Surat 21, 81900 Kota Tinggi,
Johor
Peti Surat 14, 85300 Labis, Johor
Contact
Tel : 07-2551111
Fax: 07-2555117
Tel : 07-8822388
Fax: 07-8822788
Tel: 07-9191840
Tel : 06-4582734
Fax: 06-4581909
3.
4.
5.
Tel : 05-6366261
Fax: 05-6366280
Tel : 05-8501500
Fax: 05-8501507
Tel : 084-875922
Fax: 084-334604
Tel : 019-8825158
Fax: 087-336848
Tel : 089-922314
Fax: 089-951043
Tel : 05-3765541
Fax: 05-3765540
Tel : 05-4011123
Fax: 05-4013608
Tel : 085-739014
Fax: 085-740733
Tel : 089-670225
Fax: 089-670260
Tel : 05-4213151
6.
7.
8.
United
International
Enterprises (M) Sdn
9.
Rinwood Pelita
(Mukah) Plantation
Sdn Bhd
10. Desa Kim Loong
Palm Oil Sdn Bhd
11. Apas Balung Palm
Oil Mill
12. Arah Kawasan Sdn
Bhd
13. Setia Kawan Kilang
Kelapa Sawit Sdn
Bhd
14. Sungai Kerang
Development Sdn
Bhd
15. Syarikat Cahaya
Muda Perak (Oil
Mill) Sdn Bhd
16. Kilang Kelapa Sawit
Saremas 1
17. Kilang Kelapa Sawit
Sapi
18. Ladang Ulu Basir
Tel : 06-4683132
Fax: 06-4684424
Tel : 05-5982033
Fax: 05-5981862
Tel : 019-4157711
Fax: 04-5887137
Tel : 04-4037315
Fax: 04-4036120
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Tel:05-4213151
Fax: 05-4216552
Tel : 07-7778202
Fax: 07-7778200
Tel : 05-8411512
Fax: 05-8411513
18.
19.
21.
22.
23.
27.
28.
29.
Tel : 07-7881512
Fax: 07-7881650
Tel : 084-216155
Fax: 084-215217
Tel : 07-9261204
Fax: 07-9263048
Tel : 07-4186300
017-7995388
Tel : 06-3876117
20.
24.
25.
26.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
Kilang Sawit
Kemahang
Kilang Sawit Umas
Tel : 089-843110
Fax: 089-843111
Tel : 019-8331292
Fax: 089-843121
Tel : 09-4662559
Fax: 09-4662987
Tel: 07-9370828
Fax: 07-9325243
Tel : 09-4530272
Fax: 09-4526266
Tel : 06-6941233
Fax: 06-6942108
Tel : 089-772277
Fax: 089-769955
Tel : 089-919832
Tel : 09-4530206
Fax: 09-4530397
Tel : 09-9771734
Fax: 09-9774001
Tel: 019-8929610
Fax: 019-8831708
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development targets,
To encourage the developed country
to invest in carbon emission reduction projects
Helps developed
countries meet their emission reduction targets under the Kyoto
Protocol
Helps the palm oil industry meet increasingly stringent sustainability requirements.
The CDM
project transforms reduction of emission of CO2 and methane into cash
flow
The CDMapproval mechanisms are able to create new commodity in the form
of CERs
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Mills are advised to consult an established and reliable CDM consultant to assist in CDM
applications.
Criterion 2
Criterion 3
Criterion 4
Criterion 5
NKEA: EPP 5
PPs collect and archive all relevant data necessary for calculating GHG
emission reductions by the CDM project activity, in accordance with
the monitoring plan written in PDD.
Verification, certification
and issuance of CERs
Distribution of CERS
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3.4
Company
Contact
Ilango S. Bharathi.
Tel : 03-21447200
Fax: 03-21447573
H/P: 017-2026456
ilango@ytl.com.my
Tel : 03-22820612/32
Fax: 03-22820652
H/P:012-3112289
bgyeoh@ecosecurities.com
Bhavna Khandhar
Perenia Carbon
Unit 509 Block B
Phileo Damansara II
Jalan Section 16
46350 Petaling Jaya
Selangor
Tel : 03-79505521
Fax: 03-79552110
H/P: 0122039240
bhavna.khandhar@pereniacarbon
.com
Tel : 03-42706312
H/P: 017-3102363
wayne@fiurthgeneration.ca
house.wayne@gmail.com
Environmental Resources
Management
Unit 19-06-01, 6th Floor
PNB Damansara,
19 Lorong Dungun Damansara
Heights
50490 Kuala Lumpur
Dai Yong
Tel : +8627-87992685
H/P: +8613554130425
cdm_kyle@yahoo.com
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10
11
12
13
Tel : 00662-770-3993
668-5642-3993
6012-3161900
Fax: 00662-398-9339
14
Mr. Mohamad
Irwan Aman
15
Gerald Hamaliuk
Tel: 603-22826841
H/P: 60172472917
ghamaliuk@gpcarbonsolutions.co
m
16
Rober C Y Cheong
Tel: 03-88731235
Fax: 03-88903911
H/P: 019-2577189
irwan-aman@cefcconsulting.com.my
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General Enquiry
Director-General
Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)
Tel: +603-87694400
Fax: +603-89259446
Technical Enquiry
Engineering and Processing Division
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