07rr310302 Hydraulic Machinery and Systems

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Code No: RR310302 Set No. 1

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
HYDRAULIC MACHINERY AND SYSTEMS
( Common to Mechanical Engineering and Automobile Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Draw typical velocity triangles for fluid motion along a series of moving curved
vanes and explain the salient features.
(b) A jet of water having a velocity of 30 m/s strikes a curved vane which is moving
with a velocity of 15 m/s. The jet makes an angle of 300 with the direction
of motion of vane at inlet and leaves at an angle of 1200 to the direction of
motion of vane at outlet. Calculate vane angles if the water enters and leaves
the vane with out shock and work done per second per unit weight of water
striking the vanes per second.
2. (a) How do you classify water turbines?

[6+10]
(b) Define and explain different efficiencies of a water turbine. [8+8]
3. A hydroelectric power station requires a turbine producing 3MW at 250 rpm under
a head of 25m. Calculate the specific speed of the turbine. Estimate the runner
diameter if the speed ratio is 0.70 and suggest the type of the turbine and runner.
[16]
4. (a) Show from first principle, the work saved against friction in the delivery pipe
of a double-acting reciprocating pump by fitting air vessel is 39.2%
(b) A double acting reciprocating pump running at 60 r.p.m has a plunger diame-
ter of 250 mm and a stroke of 500 mm. The delivery pipe is 100mm diameter
and 50m long. If the motion of the pump is simple harmonic, find the power
required to overcome friction of delivery pipe when a large air vessel is fitted
at the center line of the pump. Assume f=0.01. [8+8]
5. (a) Draw the out let velocity triangle for forward curved vane of a centrifugal
pump.
(b) How does the pressure at the eye of a centrifugal pump vary with the fluid in
contact with the impeller? What are the limitations on suction head [8+8].
6. (a) What are the common problems associated with the working of a centrifugal
pump ? What are their remedial measures?
(b) What are the similarity laws? What is the significance of each law? [8+8]
7. (a) Describe the principle of operation of a hydraulic ram and discuss limitations
of this device in relation to head and discharge.
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(b) Forty h.p are required to be supplied to the ram of a press from an accumulator
through a 15 cm diameter pipe 1000m long. If the loss in transmission is to
be 2.5 per cent, find the area of the press ram which is loaded with 100 tons.
Take Darcy?s f for pipe as 0.04. [8+8]
8. (a) A pipe 7.5 cm in diameter and 250 m long has a nozzle fitted at the discharge
end. The total head at the inlet to the pipe is 40 m. Taking f=0.01 for the
pipe, determine the maximum power transmitted.
(b) What is a gear pump and state the difference between an internal and an
external type of such pump. [8+8]
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1. (a) Derive an expression for the force exerted by a jet of water on an inclined fixed
plate in the direction of the jet.
(b) A jet of water of diameter 5 cm strikes a fixed plate in such a way that the
angle between the plate and the jet is 300 . The force exerted in the direction
of jet is 1471.5 N. Determine the rate of flow of water.
regulate the speed of a Pelton turbine?

[6+10]
2. What is governing of turbine ? Describe with a sketch the working of a system to

[16]
3. (a) Write a short note on the factors influencing the performance of turbines?
(b) Obtain an expression for the specific speed of a turbine? [8+8]
5. (a) Why will the centrifugal pump function only when started at or above mini-
mum speed?
(b) Why is the pump called centrifugal pump? How is the centrifugal action
present
Inside the casing.? [8+8]
6. (a) What do you understand by multistage pump? When do you use them?
(b) What do you understand by pumps in parallel? When do you connect the
pumps in parallel ? [8+8]
7. (a) Describe with neat sketch the working of a hydraulic press.

(b) A hydraulic press has diameter of ram 200 mm and of plunger 40 mm. It is
provided with a lever for applying force to the plunger. If the ratio of leverage
is 10, determine the weight lifted by the press, when the force applied to the
level is 100 N. [8+8]

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8. Power is to be transmitted hydraulically to a distance of 8 km by means of a number
of 10 cm pipes laid horizontally, for which the coefficient of friction may be taken
as 0.03. The pressure at the accumulator is maintained constant at 66.5 Kg/cm2 .
Determine the number of pipes required to ensure an efficiency of at least 92 percent
when the power delivered is 220 h.p. [16]
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1. (a) Obtain an expression for the force exerted by a jet of water on a fixed vertical
plate in the direction of the jet.
(b) A jet of water of diameter 7.5 cm moving with a velocity of 25 m/s strikes a
fixed plate in such a way that the angle between the jet and plate is 600 . Find
the force exerted by the jet on the plate in the direction normal to the plate
and in the direction of the jet. [6+10]
2. A Kaplan turbine runner is to be designed to develop 10,000 bhp. The net available
head is 5.50 metres. Assume that the speed ratio is 2.09 and the flow ratio is 0.68,
and the overall efficiency is 60%. The diameter of the boss is 1/3 rd of the diameter
of the runner. Find the diameter of the runner, its speed and its specific speed.
[16]
3. A model of a Francis turbine one-fifth of full size, develops 30.8 KW at 305 rpm,
under a head of 2.5 m. Find the speed and power of full size turbine operating
under a head of 6 m. [16]
5. (a) Draw inlet velocity triangle for radial entry of a centrifugal pump.
(b) The outer diameter of an impeller of a centrifugal pump is 45cm. The blade
angle at outlet is 90 degrees. The speed of impeller is 1500 rpm. The pump
works at a manometric efficiency of 0.75 . Calculate the head developed.[8+8]
6. (a) What is the phenomenon of cavitation ? Where will it occur in centrifugal

pump?
(b) When will the kinematiac similarity exist between model and prototype? [8+8]
7. (a) Describe with the help of a schematic diagram the construction, working and
performance of a hydraulic ram.

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(b) The diameter of ram of a hydraulic press is 300 mm and the diameter of the
plunger is 500 mm. If the force applied to the plunger is 500 N, determine the
weight lifted by the press. [8+8]
8. Power is to be transmitted hydraulically to a distance of 8 km by means of a number

of 10 cm pipes laid horizontally, for which the coefficient of friction may be taken
as 0.03. The pressure at the accumulator is maintained constant at 66.5 Kg/cm2 .
Determine the number of pipes required to ensure an efficiency of at least 92 percent
when the power delivered is 220 h.p. [16]
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1. (a) Obtain an expression for the force on the inclined plate moving in the direction
of the jet . Also get the expression for the work done per second by the jet on
the plate.
(b) A jet of water moving at 12 m/s impinges on a concave shaped vane to deflect
the jet through 1200 when stationary. If the vane is moving at 5m/s, find
the angle of jet so that there is no shock at inlet. Also compute the absolute
velocity of jet at exit both in magnitude and direction and the work done per
second per N of water. Assume that the vane is smooth.
2. A reaction turbine works at 460 rpm under a head of 110 metres. Its diameter
[6+10]
at inlet is 115 cms and the flow area is 0.03 metre2 . The angles made by the
absolute velocity and relative velocity at inlet are respectively 180 and 500 with the
tangential velocity. Determine :
(a) The volume flow rate

(b) he H.P. developed
(c) The efficiency
Assume whirl at outlet to be zero.
[16]
3. A model of a Francis turbine one-fifth of full size, develops 30.8 KW at 305 rpm,
under a head of 2.5 m. Find the speed and power of full size turbine operating
under a head of 6 m. [16]
4. (a) Differentiate between a reciprocating pump and a centrifugal pump.

(b) Derive the expression for power required to drive a reciprocating pump.
(c) What are the functions of nonreturn valves in a reciprocating pump. [8+4+4]
5. (a) What are the types of centrifugal pumps? Explain with the help of neat
sketches where necessary.
(b) Draw the out let velocity triangle for radial vane of a centrifugal pump. What
is preventing? Why is it needed in a centrifugal pump ? [8+8]
6. (a) What do you understand by multistage pump? When do you use them?
(b) What do you understand by pumps in parallel? When do you connect the
pumps in parallel ? [8+8]
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7. A hydraulic press has a plunger diameter 20 mm and the ram diameter 160 mm.
The stroke of the plunger is 200 mm and the weight lifted by the press is 10 KN.
The distance traveled by the weight is 600 mm in 10 minutes. Determine
(a) Force applied to the plunger

(b) Power required to move the plunger
(c) Number of strokes of the plunger. [16]
8. (a) Write a note on the characteristics of a gear pump.
(b) Describe in short a vane type of pump. [8+8]
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07rr310302 Hydraulic Machinery and Systems

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Code No: RR310302 Set No. 1

2. (a) How do you classify water turbines?

(b) Define and explain different efficiencies of a water turbine. [8+8]

www.andhracolleges.com Engineering-MBA-MCA-Medical-Pharmacy-B.Ed-Law Colleges Information

Code No: RR310302 Set No. 1

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Code No: RR310302 Set No. 2

regulate the speed of a Pelton turbine?

2. What is governing of turbine ? Describe with a sketch the working of a system to

7. (a) Describe with neat sketch the working of a hydraulic press.

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Code No: RR310302 Set No. 2

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Code No: RR310302 Set No. 3

6. (a) What is the phenomenon of cavitation ? Where will it occur in centrifugal

Seminar Topics - Scholarships - Admission/Entrance Exam Notifications

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Code No: RR310302 Set No. 3

8. Power is to be transmitted hydraulically to a distance of 8 km by means of a number

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Code No: RR310302 Set No. 4

(a) The volume flow rate

4. (a) Differentiate between a reciprocating pump and a centrifugal pump.

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Code No: RR310302 Set No. 4

(a) Force applied to the plunger

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