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By Waqar Hussain
Electrical Dept.
INTRODUCTION
y
, transformer is one of manyy
In p
power systems,
devices whose proper size is critical to the
design of a power delivery system.
MVA
Maximum MVA
Percentage impedance
Maximum MVA is 1.25 times the
rated MVA for ONAN ONAF
trafo.
Basic Impulse
p
Level ((BIL)) Limit - ETAP utilizes this
value for determining the trafo minimum impedance
according to ANSI IEC standards
Limit Short Circuit kA If this option is checked, then
ETAP calculates % impedance based on short circuit
kA, trafo type and BIL Limit
One of the factors to be considered while sizing a trafo is the voltage drop on
the terminals of the largest motor (connected to trafo secondary) during motor
start.
This voltage drop is proportional to the regulation of trafo during motor start
The voltage drop at trafo secondary (regulation) during motor start is inversely
proportional to trafo short circuit kVA and directly proportional to motor
starting kVA
The Transformer MVA Sizing Module of ETAP does not take into account this
factor. The regulation of trafo can be checked by Motor Starting Study on ETAP
Where
D =%Voltagedroponsecondaryside
D
% Voltage drop on secondary side
P=PeakLoadontrafo inkVA otherthanlargestMotor
M = Starting kVA oflargestMotor
M=StartingkVA
of largest Motor
S=Shortcircuitcapacityoftrafo inkVA
EXAMPLE
Cl
Class:
ONAN - ONAF
T
Temp.
rise:
i 65
Primary V = 14.5 kV
Sec. V = 6.6 kV
Unit Auxiliary
transformer to
be sized
u p of
o 13869
3869 kVA
Lump1
represents the UCH2
operating BOP load other
than 1 No. circulation
water pump motor. The
lump load contains all
the plant cable losses
and loading factors of
different loads
SIZING MODULE
Based on Operating
transformer
load,
t
f
l d 120 %
growth factor (for max MVA
or ONAF) and 28 degree C
p , the
ambient temp.
recommended size by
ETAP is 20-25 MVA at
ONAN-ONAF
2025MVAtrafo
%Z=10,X\R=22.2
2531.5MVAtrafo
%Z=10,X\R=22.2
TrafoInputkVA
16198
16046
15932
TrafoOutputkVA
15217
15286
15339
Increase in trafo
output kVA as
trafo ratingg is
increased. ?
20 % of the lump
load in UCH2 ETAP
model is static
Decrease in trafo
input kVA as trafo
ratingg is increased.
?
Trafo % Z is taken
as contant at 10 %
TrafoInputMVA
LoadFlowbefore
Motorstart
LoadFlowat
Motorstart
LoadFlowafter
Load Flow after
Motorstart(steady
state)
1620MVAtrafo
%Z=8,X\R=22.2
13 607
13.607
20 865
20.865
15 277
15.277
2025MVAtrafo
%Z=8,X\R=22.2
13.655
21.345
15.333
2025MVAtrafo
%Z=10,X\R=22.2
13.632
20.865
15.277
MotorTerminal
VoltageatSteady
Voltage at Steady
State
1620MVAtrafo
%Z=8,X\R=22.2
88.35%
92.09%
98.38%
2025MVAtrafo
%Z=8,X\R=22.2
90.34%
94.18%
99.49%
2025MVAtrafo
20
25 MVA trafo
%Z=10,X\R=22.2
88.35%
92.09%
98.38%
Trafo sec.VoltageatMotorStart
calculatedusingETAP
calculatedusing
calculated using
Formula
1620MVAtrafo
%Z=8,X\R=22.2
88.35%
87.36%
2025MVAtrafo
%Z=8,X\R=22.2
90.34%
89.89%
2025MVAtrafo
% Z = 10 X\R = 22 2
%Z=10,X\R=22.2
88.35%
87.35%
ETAP
Transformer
Sizing Module
Normal load
for GT, ST,
HRSG
Worst load
for GT, ST,
HRSG
Growth
Factor at
ONAF
16 20
MVA
Growth
Factor at
ONAN
20 25
MVA
20 25
MVA
AT Normal Load for GT, ST, HRSG Total BOP Load including UAT losses = 15.9 MVA approx
AT Worst Load for GT, ST, HRSG Total BOP Load including UAT losses = 15.3 15.6 MVA approx
The Motor starting Condition is satisfied for both transformer ratings as indicated in previous slides
After addition of 1 MW
colony feeder and two
825 kW HSD Electric
Heaters
To incorporate this
comment, UAT rating was
increased to 20 25
MVA trafo at 8 % Z
Snapshot of ETAP
sizing Module
THANK YOU
OU
Q&A