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Form 4

Physics
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The study of
matter
Chapter 4:
Heat

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Physics: Chapter
4
Objectives:

(what you will learn)

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1) understanding Heat as a
form of
Energy

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2)

understanding the Laws

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Heat

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Heat is a form of energy.


It flows from a hot body to a cold body.
SI unit: Joule (J)
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Temperature is the degree of hotness of a


body.
SI unit: Kelvin (K)
Amount of heat in a body depends on:
Mass of object
Temperature of object
Type of object
Any physical property of a body which varies
uniformly with temperature will serve as a
measure of temperature.

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Heat
When 2 bodies are in thermal equilibrium,
there is no net flow of heat between the two
bodies.

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Specific heat capacity, c of a substance =


amount of heat neede to raise temperature
of 1 kg of the substance by 1oC. It is
measured in J kg-1 C-1.
Amount of heat of a body,
where m = mass of object
c = specific heat capacity
= change in temperature

Q = mc

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Heat
Latent heat absorbed or released during
the change in states,
Q = ml
where m = mass of object
l = specific latent heat

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Specific latent heat of fusion is the heat


needed to change 1 kg of a substance from
solid state to liquid state without any change
in temperature.

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It is also the amount of heat needed to


change 1 kg of the substance from liquid
state to vapour state without any change in

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The Laws
Boyles Law
The volume of a fixed mass of gas is
inversely proportional to pressure provided
temperature is constant.
P1V1 =

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P2V2

Charles Law

The volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly


proportional to its absolute temperature
provided the pressure remains constant.

V1
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T1

V2
T2

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The Laws
Pressure Law

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The pressure of a fixed mass of gas is


directly proportional to its absolute
temperature provided the volume remains
constant.
P1
P2
=
T1
T2

General Gas Law

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Summarizes Boyles Law, Charles Law and


Pressure Law.
P1V1 P2V2
=
T1
T2

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The Laws
Relationship between Celcius and Kelvin.
oC = ( + 273) K

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The temperature of 273oC is the minimum


temperature which can be achieved by the
gas.

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This temperature is known as absolute


zero.

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Summary

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What you have learned:


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1.

Understanding Heat as a form of


Energy

2.

Using the Laws

Thank You

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