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"Strategic management is an ongoing process that evaluates and controls the business and
industries in which the company is involved. It assesses its competitors and sets goals and
strategies to meet all existing and potential competitors. It then reassesses each strategy
annually or quarterly [i.e. regularly] to determine whether it has succeeded
or needs replacement by a new strategy."
Strategic management is important because is helps in setting detailed goals, analysing all our
internal and external resources, analysing our external environment, as well as stakeholder
views. Good corporate governance needs an efficient strategic management process. Strategic
management is important because it provides an organized method to help a business or
organization succeed. Without strategic management, careful plans and procedures could be
designed.
Strategic Management is the groundwork for a companys vision and allows a
company to be ready to capitalize on opportunities.
INTRODUCTION
TCS is a division of Tata Sons, the holding company of the $10.4 billion Tata Group, India's
best-known business conglomerate. Established in 1968, its founding was based on the
understanding that the management problems in Indian industry could be resolved through
the effective use of information technology. Under the leadership of F C Kohli, TCS
spearheaded the pioneering efforts in creating a globally recognizable brand for the Indian
software industry.
Strong linkages with academia, workplace professionalism, and in-house training and
learning helped TCS lay the foundation for growing into a world-class organization. TCS
invested heavily in software engineering practices and standards, software quality assurance,
software project management, software processes, and research and development in software
engineering and technology.
With more than three decades of experience in diverse areas of industry and commerce, Tata
Consultancy Services (TCS) offers end-to-end strategy consulting and system integration
services to Fortune 500 clients across 55 countries. With over 100 offices in 32 countries,
TCS employs 24,000 consultants and has 100,000 man-years of experience. TCS posted
revenues of Rs 5,012 crores ($1.04 billion) in 2002-2003
TCS leverages its expertise in its service practices eBusiness, Application Development
and Maintenance, Architecture and Technology Consulting, Engineering Services, eSecurity,
Large Projects, Quality Consulting, and Infrastructure Development and Management to
provide strategic consulting and system integration services to worldwide clients in banking,
insurance, other financial services, telecom, manufacturing and process industries, retail,
transportation, healthcare, government and utilities.
Besides providing IT solutions to its clients, TCS develops and markets a variety of products
in nearly all streams of industry. It has developed products such as Hospital Management
System for the healthcare industry, eIBS, NCS, FIG and Quartz for the banking and
financial services industry, CemPac for the cement industry, TARABS, Insurance Product
Designer Workbench and Issue Quote for the insurance industry, and also software
development tools such as MasterCraft, Assent, DataClean and Infrex.
Collaborative research with industry and academia, partnerships with global technology
leaders, and innovative projects for over 1,000 clients give TCS an in-depth knowledge of the
global economy. Its SEI-CMM (Software Engineering Institutes Capability Maturity Model)
Level 5 status, the expertise of its consultants, its world-class products, and proven offshore
capabilities strengthen TCSs value proposition (eight of the US Fortune top 10 are TCS
clients).
TCS follows a continuous quality-enhancement process, and 15 of its delivery centers in
India have been assessed at SEI-CMM Level 5. All of TCSs major development centres are
ISO 9001:2000 certified, and its quality management system is also ISO 9001:2000
compliant.
HISTORY
1968 to 2000
Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (TCS) was founded in 1968 by a division of Tata Sons
Limited. Its early contracts included providing punched card services to sister company
TISCO (now Tata Steel), working on an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the Central
Bank of India, and providing bureau services to Unit Trust of India.
In 1975, TCS conducted its first campus interviews, held at IISc, Bangalore. The recruits
comprised 12 Indian Institutes of Technology graduates and three IISc graduates, who
became the first TCS employees to enter a formal graduate trainee programme.
In 1979, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called SECOM for the
Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle. TCS followed this up with System X for the Canadian
Depository System and automating the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. TCS associated with a
Swiss partner, TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.
In 1981, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development centre,
the Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) in Pune.
In 1985 TCS established India's first client-dedicated offshore development centre, set up for
clients Tandem.
In the early 1990s the Indian IT outsourcing industry grew rapidly due to the Y2K bug and
the launch of a unified European currency, Euro. TCS created the factory model for Y2K
conversion and developed software tools which automated the conversion process and
enabled third-party developer and client implementation.
2000 to present
By 2008, TCS's e-business activities were generating over US$500 million in annual
revenues.
On 25 August 2004, TCS became a publicly listed company.
In
2005,
TCS
became
the
first
India-based
IT
services
company
to
enter
OPERATIONS
As of 31 March 2013, TCS had 199 offices across 44 countries and 124 delivery centers in 21
countries. At the same date TCS had a total of 58 subsidiary companies.
Locations
(excluding
of
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.
North America: Canada, Mexico and United States.
South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay.
TCS and its 59 subsidiaries provide a range of information technology-related products and services
including application development, business process outsourcing, capacity planning, consulting,
enterprise software, hardware sizing, payment processing, software management and technology
education services. Its established software products are TCS BaNCS and TCS MasterCraft.
SERVICE LINES
TCS' services are currently organised into the following service lines (percentage of total TCS
revenues in the 2012-13 fiscal year generated by each respective service line is shown in
parentheses):
Consulting (3.00%);
INDUSTRIES SERVICED
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Non-Executive Board Members
OP Bhatt, Director
Executive Board Member
SUBSIDIARIES
TCS subsidiaries as on March 31, 2013 include the following:
APOnline Limited
CMC Limited
Diligenta 2 Limited
Diligenta Limited
MahaOnline Limited
MGDC S.C.
MP Online Limited
plc is
a multinational management
consulting, technology
services,
Accenture was chosen to replace CGI Group as the lead contractor for the Obamacare
website in January 2014.
Accenture common equity is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and was added to
the S&P 500 index on July 5, 2011.
Accenture organizes its services and people in these three primary cross-functional
groupings. Accenture client engagement teams typically consist of a combination of industry
experts, capability specialists and professionals with local market knowledge.
Workforces
The four workforces serve clients in the areas of consulting, technology, and outsourcing, as
well as the company itself. This is almost always an internal designation as it is common
place for Accenture employees to work in blended teams for a variety of reasons.
Enterprise: Focus on managing and supporting all the activities across Accenture's
business, including legal, security, facilities, marketing, and client financial management.
SYNOPSIS :
OTHER COMPETITORS:
INFOSYS
WIPRO
HCL TECH
TECH MAHINDRA
ORACLE FIN SERV
NIIT TECH
entrepreneurs.
The IT sector in India is generating 2.5 million direct employment.India is now one of the
biggest IT capitals of the modern world and all the major players in the world IT sector are
present in the country.
The major cities that account for about nearly 90% of the sector's exports
are Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Trivandrum, Noida, Mumbai and Pune. Bangal
ore is considered to be the Silicon because it is the leading IT exporter. Exports dominate the
industry and constitute about 77% of the total industry revenue. However, the domestic
market is also significant with a robust revenue growth. The industrys share of total Indian
exports (merchandise plus services) increased from less than 4% in FY1998 to about 25% in
FY2012. According to Gartner, the "Top Five Indian IT Services Providers" are Tata
Consultancy Services, Infosys, Cognizant, Wipro and HCL Technologies.
This sector has also led to massive employment generation. The industry continues to be a net
employment generator - expected to add 230,000 jobs in FY2012, thus providing direct
employment to about 2.8 million, and indirectly employing 8.9 million people. [1] Generally
dominant player in the global outsourcing sector. However, the sector continues to face
challenges of competitiveness in the globalized and modern world, particularly from
countries like China and Philippines.
India's growing stature in the Information Age enabled it to form close ties with both
the United States of America and the European Union. However, the recent global financial
crises has deeply impacted the Indian IT companies as well as global companies. As a result
hiring has dropped sharply, and employees are looking at different sectors like the financial
service, telecommunications, and manufacturing industries, which have been growing
phenomenally over the last few years. India's IT Services industry was born in Mumbai in
1967 with the establishment of Tata Group in partnership with Burroughs. The first software
export zone SEEPZ was set up here way back in 1973, the old avatar of the modern day IT
park. More than 80 percent of the country's software exports happened out
of SEEPZ, Mumbai in 1980s.
STRENGTH
COST ADVANTAGE
WEAKNESS
EXCESSIVE DEPENDENCE ON
US FOR REVENUE
GENERATION
DECREASING COMPETITIVE
OFFERED
EASE OF SCALABILITY
ADVANTAGES
PROCESS
EXCESSIVE DEPENDENCE ON
BFSI SECTOR
OPPORTUNITIES
THREATS
PRODUCT INNOVATION
GLOBAL ECONOMIC
SLOWDOWN
INCREASED COMPETITION
LIKE TRANSPORTATION ,
INFRASTRUCTURE ETC.
LEADING CHANGE
If transformation is the name of the game then India's first billion dollar IT services company
is all set for it. Tata consultancy Services (TCS) chief executive officer S Ramadorai calls it
an allout change. A change , which he explains, gains importance because of the extra
dimension it adds to the company.
TCS is aggressively pursuing comapanys globalization effort. Globalization for TCS implies
an all out change. A change is important, not because its a good thing or a bad thing but
because it gives TCS the extra dimension to address the global delivery need. This
change is reflected in comapnys global delivery model and extends to
companys global development centres. All of which are parts of companys
globalization effort.
Creating a vision
To get an extra dimension to address the global delivery need
The area where TCS focused last year and will carry forward this year too is digitizing the
organization and connecting employees together both in TCS and in CMC a real challenge
for the company. TCS have made a significant investment in the project. In April 2002, TCS
did the employees services digitally, while in the second phase TCS is creating a knowledge
management base and customer relationship management.
This is available in the UK and TCS is rolling it across the world connecting suppliers and
customers through intranet. Three years ago, TCS had many independent, standalone
systems, multiple databases created in different parts of the organization. To generate a MIS,
one had to collate information from a number of systems. Both in terms of accuracy of
information and the effectiveness to take decisions based on the information, this was a major
problem. If TCS want to run an organization using real-time information as quickly as
possible, TCS should have an electronic transaction-based system. Some companies call it
digital nervous system, while some call it enterprise integration.
THREATS OF SUBSTITUTE
SOLUTIONS / SERVICES
BARGAINING
POWER OF
SUPPLIERS LIKE
SAP , BAAN ,
BARRIERS TO ENTRY
BARGAINING POWER OF
ENTERPRISES/CLIENT
SEEKING SOLUTIONS /
SERVICES
1. Getting on the balcony: the business leaders at TCS view patterns as if they are on a
balcony. Following activities provide them the platform :
Employee Satisfaction Survey (ESS) is conducted regularly to gauge employee
satisfaction and obtain feedback on work conditions and work practices.
Performance appraisals: they are carried out to appraise the performance of employees.
2. Identifying the adaptive challenge: The leaders at TCS have quickly identified the
adaptive challenges which include
Deploying organization wide network to tap the opportunities provided by the internet
Anticipate a number of technologies that would have an impact in future
Making TCS a global enterprise
Becoming top 10 global company
5. Giving work back to the people: TCS get people to assume more responsibility as
follows:
TCS indulges in a People Engagement activity called PEEP for strengthening
communication process. It involves conducting employee meetings across functions.
PEEP stands for
P Proactive
E Employee
E Engagement
P Programme
Program called PROPEL is followed to understand what an associate can do to achieve
his and organizational goals. It stands for :
P Professional excellence
R Role enhancement
O owning TCS culture
P Personal growth
E employee involvement
L Learning
6. Protecting Voices of leadership: A succession planning for key positions is done. It has
following steps:
Critical positions are identified
Mechanism to capture development needs for critical positions
A candidate pool for each critical position is developed
FAVOURABLE
UNFAVOURABLE
FACTOR
INTERNAL
STRENGTHS
WEAKNESS
EXTENSVEGLOBAL
RESEARCH
STRONG FINANCIAL
PERFORMANCE
EMPLOYEE
MANAGEMENT SKIILS
SIGNIFICANT
EXPOSURE TO
FINANCIAL
SERVICES MARKET
LACK OF SCALE IN
CONSULTING
OPERATIONS
EXTERNAL
OPPORTUNITIES
THREATS
FOCUS ON SMB
INCREASING
SEGMENT
GROWTH IN
EMPLOYEE COSTS
INTENSE
WORLDWIDE IT
SERVICES
COMPETITION
CONSOLIDATION IN
THE END MARKETS
RUPEE
DEPRECIATION
CONSULTING PACKAGED
IMPLEMENTATION KPO
ENGINEERING AND
BPO INFRASTRUCTURE
INDUSTRIAL SERVICES.
SERVICES
NONE
APPLICATION
DEVELOPMENT AND
MAINTENANCE
SOFTWARE PRODUCTS.
HIGH
CORPORATE STRATEGY
The Growth Opportunity
LOW
TCS operates in a large, growing global market for IT and IT-enabled services. Globally,
organizations are spending more on IT as new technologies emerge, offering unique
opportunities to gain a competitive advantage. Moreover, industries and geographies
that lagged behind others in leveraging technology are now catching up. Further, the
proportion of IT services budgets that is spent on external providers is going up as the shelflife of technologies is reducing and corporations are looking for greater efficiency and
variability in their costs. With a minuscule market share in this growing market, there is much
headroom for TCS longer-term growth.
Strategy For Longer-Term Growth
TCS strategy for longer-term growth is to continually extend the core IT services business by
expanding its geographic reach, industry coverage and service capabilities and deepening
existing client relationships, building or acquiring emerging businesses and adopting or
creating new business models and business solutions through continuous innovation.
Key elements of this strategy are summarized here:
Customer-centricity
Full Services Capability
Strategic Acquisitions
proposition for global enterprises making us a one-stop shop for many key clients,
significantly deepening the relationship and boosting our share of the wallet.
Global Network Delivery Model (GNDM): TCS' GNDM lets us seamlessly and
uniformly deliver services to global customers from multiple locations across India, China,
Europe, North America and Latin America. Teams separated by time zones collaborate on
projects, leveraging all of TCS' assets while subscribing to one global service standard.
It uses multiple levers of time zone, language, skills and local business knowledge to deliver
high quality business solutions seamlessly across the globe, using a globally connected
workforce, integrated delivery processes and multi-tiered infrastructure. This model
developed by TCS is now recognized as the benchmark of excellence in software
development. For large clients expanding beyond their home markets, the scale and depth of
our GNDM capability makes us their preferred strategic partner.
Strategic Acquisitions: While primarily focusing on organic growth, TCS is also open to
selective strategic acquisitions in order to penetrate select markets, strengthen verticals and
enhance service offerings.
Non-linear Business Models: TCS has been building non-linear growth businesses that can
enable revenue growth without commensurate headcount growth. Non-linearity in the
existing businesses comes from productivity-enhancing tools, frameworks, solution
accelerators and managed services engagements.
In addition, TCS is pursuing three strategic initiatives for non-linear growth:
Innovation network
Tcs has established 19 labs with strong links to starts-ups , academia and alliance partners to
continuosly develop innovative solutions for their customers.
Strategic partners :
IBM GLOBAL SYSTEM INTEGRATOR PARTNER
ORACLE
GLOBAL
SYSTEM
INTEGRATOR
AND
GLOBAL
CERTIFIED
ADVANTAGE PARTNER
MICROSOFT GLOBAL SYSTEM INTEGRATOR PARTNER
SAP GLOBAL CONSULTING PARTNER
BUSINESS CONTINUITY
TCS follows a well defined and mutually agreed(with the customer) business continuity and
disaster recovery plan . the BCP is tested on the pre determined frequency .