SotidStqte

MigroTechnology

SSM

20tr

for Music

SYSTEM
SSM2011AUDIOPREAMPLIFIER
DESCRIPTION
primarily
intended
for amplification
of low levelsignalsin audio
The SSM2011is a low noisewidebandpreamplifier
providing
andhighinputimpedance,
Truedifferential
inputsarefeatured
withhighcommonmoderejection
applications.
theneedfor
Thebalanced
configuration
eliminates
in applications
whereop-amps
areinadequate.
superiorperformance
forgainsof
forlownoiseoperation.
The2011is internally
compensated
capacitors
required
theusuallargeinputcoupling
product
a gainbandwidth
of 300MHzat a gainof 1000.
oneor greaterwhileretaining
designed
to illuminate
an L.E.D.at 7dBbelowmaximumoutputand another
The 2011includesleveldetectorcircuitry
L.E.D.whenthesignalis greaterthan20dBbelowthelowerlevel.Thisfeaturecanusuallyreplacetheneedforindividual
mixerunits.
V.U.or peaklevelmetersin multi-channel
FEATURES
I

Inputs
TrueDifferential

HighSlewRate(2OVlpS)

(120d8)
HighCommonModeRejection
(1OBdB)
HighSupplyRejection

I
I

FullInternal
Frequency
Compensation
(0.004%
LowDistortion
@ G : 100)

NoCrossover
Distortion

(16MO)
HighInputlmpedance
LowInputNoise(2.6nVt{nz)

L.E.D.Drivers
OnBoardLevelDetector
andHigh/Low

(3O0kHz
VeryWideBandwidth
@ G : 1000)

LowTurnonTransient

I
I

16

+V

COMP

215

OUT

COMP

314

RECTf

+913

NON-INVERTIN

s1p

iRn

2
1

*Ro

1.1

_a

LOWINDIC

H I G HI N D I C

710

INVERTIN

B9

BEF

_V

HIGH
INDIC

INVERTIN

FEEDBACK

RECTIN

GND

NON-INVERT

PrNOUT(TOPV|EW)

RG

D-

-TI:

l5.sv
@

'

REF

FIGURE1. BLOCKDIAGRAM

for Music,Inc.,20768WalshAvenue,
SolidStateMicroTechnology
SantaClara,CA95050,USA
(4081727-0917Telex171189

LOW
INDIC

SPECIFICATIONS*
TEMPERATURE
OPERATING
STORAGE
TEMPERATURE
-1 0 ' Cto +55"C
-55'Cto +125"C
(PREAMPLTFT
ERSECTTON)
Thefollowing
specifications
applyforV" : r- 15VTa : 25'C,configuration
as showninfigure2, unlessotherwisenoted.
(SYMBOL)
PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

TotalHarmonicDistortion
(THD)(Note1)
G :1000
@1kHz
@ 5kHz
@ 10kHz
@z0kHz
G=100
@ lkt-i'z
@ 10kHz
G:10
@ lkHz
@ 10kHz

0.035
0.1
0.18
0.18

0.05
0.15
0.25
0.25

0.004
0.012

0.006
0.018

"k
7o

0.002
0.006

0.004
0.012

o/o

VoltageNoiseReferredto
lnput(E*)(Note1)
G = 1000
G=100
G:10
InputCurrentNoise(1")(Note1)

"/"

pV RMS
pV RMS

Vour:
Vour:
Vour:
Vour:

3.2V RMS
3.2V RMS
3'2V RMS
3.2V RMS

Vour: 3.2V RMS

Vour: 3.2V RMS
Vour: 3.2V RMS
V^,,,: 3.2V RMS

30kHzBandwidth
30kHzBandwidth
30kHzBandwidth
30kHzBandwidth

GainEquation(G)
(AG)
ErrorFromGainEquation
G = 1000
G :100
G=10
InputOtfsetVoltage(V*)
G : 1000
G:100
G:10
BiasCurrent
OffsetCurrent
Ratio(CMRR)
CommonModeRejection
G : 1000
G:100
G:10
PowerSupplyRejectionRatio(PSRR)

rc = 1000

P o s i t i v e {G = 1 0 0
LG=10
l-G : looo
Negativel G = 100
LG:10
CommonModeVoltageRange

Rner : Rre
Rner : Rre

=0v

Vcu: t5V
DC to 60Hz
'110
90
70
98
78
58

120
100
80
108
88
68

dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB

12V<V+<17V
V- : -15V
- 1 2 V> V - > - 1 7 V
+V: 15V
Rner : Rre

Common
ModeInputlmpedance
Differential
Modelnput
(Note2)
lmpedance
G : 1000
G:100
G:10
RL:5k

OutputCurrent(lqrr)
Source
Sink
-3dB Bandwidth
(GBW)
G : 1000
G:100
G:10
SlewRate
SupplyCurrent(lsr)
Positive

L.E.D.
Excluding
current

Notes
'l). Due to productiontest limitations,maximumlimitsfor noled parameters
are sampletested.95% of unitsare guaranteedto meet specification,99o/oof units will meet
specification+5t)%.
2). See seciion on ditferentialinput impedance.

Principle of Operation
The 2011operateson the principleof internalcurrentfeedback,providedby Rr" in figure2. In conjunction
withthe gain
settingresistor,
Ru,thisproducesa precisedifferentialgain
of

+:

pointfortheoutput,whichis usuatty
Resistor
R*r, provides
a reference
connected
to ground.Thecurrentfeedback
frees
bothinputsfromfeedback
components,
allowing
the2011to operate
in inverting,
noninverting
mode.
ortruedifferential
Thedetectorcircuitis ACcoupledfromthepreamplifier
output.Thisremoves
theeffectof an internaloffsetintheprecision
rectifierand any offsetvoltageof the preamplifier.
The detectorrecoverytimeconstantis set for R, and Cr. The values
showngiveabout1OmS.
Noise
goodnoiseperformance
The2011is capableof extremely
butthiscaneasilybedegradedby carelesssystemdesign.
Thefirstruleis to keepsourceresistances
generatethermalnoisewhichcanonly
as smallas possiblesinceall resistors
be reducedby refrigeration.
TheRMSvalueof thermalnoisecanbecalculated
from:
Envs: V4kTRAf
x 10*r3JlK)
where k : Boltzmann'sconstant(1.38
(K)
T : absolutetemperature
R : resistorvalue(O)
f : bandwidth
of interest
Addedto thisisthe(small)
effectof inputnoisecurrent,
whichproduces
an RMSvoltagenoiseequalto:
Eeirs: INR
where lp : CUIleDtnOiseOfthe device
Since the noise sourcesare uncorrelated,an RMS summationtechniquemust be used and it is more convenientto refer
to a generalequationwhen performingnoisecalculations.
In a 30kHzbandwidth,the inputreferrednoiseof the 2011in pV RMSreducesto:
4tfrP

Eaus: V E",+ u{ifu;+ o.4BR

where EH: inputvoltagenoiseat operating
gain(pV RMS)
lN : inputcurrentnoise
(pARMS)
(- 150pARMSforthe2011)
R : effectiveresistance
betweentheinputterminalsin kO

1-16

75kO
1o/o

ztJ

314

+g13
slp
611

NON INVERTIN

710

INVERTIN

89

-EXTERNAL
COMPENSATION
MAYBE
APPLIEDTOREDUCEBANDWIDTH
OR
WHEREREACTIVE
FEEDBACK
IS USED.
IT IS NOTREQUIRED
IN NORMALUSE.

I IFEF

FTGURE
2. STANDARD
CONFIGURATION.
R" =

75kO

ma##miN

Additionalnoisecan be generatedby the use of lowqualityresistorsin the 2011gainsettingnetwork.Someresistors

generate
flowing
through
them.Sincebothfeedback
(notably
thecurrent
excessnoiseproportionalto
carboncomposition)
potential
Experiments
showthat
noise
source.
this
represents
a
to
standing
currents,
andreferenceresistorsaresubject
possible
is
recommended
noise
it
requiring
lowest
but
for
believed,
applications
theexcessnoiseis lowerthancommonly
noise
resistorsbe used;thoughcarbonfilm also givesa closelycomparable
that metalfilm,cermetor wirewound
performance.
2011Inputs
to ensurethatbothinputshavea DCbiasconnection
Although
the2011inputsarefullyfloating,
caremustbe exercised
thisis to groundone
themwithintheinputcommonmoderange.Theusualmethodof achieving
capableof maintaining
to setthebiaspoint
wayis to floatthetransducer
andusetworesistors
figure3(a),butan alternative
sideof a transducer
canbe up to 1OkOor so, buttheyshouldbe keptas smallas possibleto limit
figure3(b).Thevalueof theseresistors
by thetransducer
themselves
is negligible
sinceit is attenuated
in the resistors
commonmodenoise.Noisegenerated
givethebestnoiseimmunity,
directly
as infigure3(c).
andinterface
Balanced
transducers
impedance.

1
2
3

l4

13

12

11

10

314

'----

4Or3

51:z
1

TRANSDUCER

TRANSDUCER

710

'11

r5

B9

r3
5

12

11

10

TRANSDUCER

TRANSDUCERSFOR HIGH NOISEIMMUNITY.

FIGURE3. THREEWAYSOF INTERFACING
(a) Singleended. (b) Pseudodifferential. (c)Truedifferential.

Differentiallnput lmpedance
the typeof currentfeedbackusedgiveseffective
of the 2011is quitehigh,however
inputimpedance
The differential
inputimpedance
tofallto about25MO/Gwhen
effectof thisistocausethe
of opposite
signsat eachinput.The
impedances
willbe muchlessthanthisso negligible
In mostlownoiseapplications,
sourceimpedances
theotherinputis grounded.
at the inputswillrestoreinput
is critical,
balancing
sourceresistance
gainerroris incurred.
if inputimpedance
However,
value.
impedance
to itsfulldifferential
Trimming the 2011
techniques
showninfigure4 canbe
theoptional
trimming
arecritical,
wheregainerrorand/oroffsetvoltage
Inapplications
-+
provides
errortrimandVR,hasenoughrangeto trimtheoffsetto zerounderworstcaseconditions.
a Sohgain
used.VR2
that
thegaintrimandtheoffsetvoltage(butnotviceversa)it is recommended
between
Sincethereis a slightinteraction
first.
thegaintrimbeperformed
performance.
trimaffects
thecommonmoderejection
neither
Unlikemanydesigns,
FrequencyCompensation
Wherethisis undesirable,
intheresponse
characteristic.
The2011is stableat allgains,butatG<5 thereis somepeaking
pins15and16.Thisyieldsa bandwidth
These
of about500kHz.
between
of around5pFshouldbeconnected
a capacitor
is a disadvantage.
whereexcessbandwidth
inapplications
pinscanalsobe usedto provideovercompensation

.1

-16

zt3

314

ag13
NOMINAL
R,
GAIN

1000 680f)
1 0 0 6.8kO
1 0 68kO

s1p
VR,

1ko
1Oko
100ko

611

180()
1.BkO

710

1BkO

B9
62k 1y"

20ko
TRIM
OFFSETVOLTAGE

FIGURE4. TRIMMING
THE2011

Tape PlaybackPreamplifier
Sincetheoutputof a tapeheadrisesat 6dB/octave,
it is usualto performpreamplification
andequalization
simultaneously.
Caremustbetakento ensurethatnoiseperformance
is notdegraded,
andthecircuitof figure5 achieves
thisby boosting
gainat lowfrequencies
gainobeysthe2011gainequation
andcuttingat highfrequencies.
Theoverall
at 450H2withC1:
6.8nFand600H2withC, : 2.7nF.Maximum
boostof about20dBoccursat 30Hzand maximumcut of about- 10dB
occursatgreaterthan3.4kHzwith
C, : 6.8nFandgreater
than5.SkHz
withC, : 2.7nF.These
correspond
to thefollowing
asymptotic
cornerfrequencies
:
33/q,17/a
LP.S.
L : 1.8kHz
7Vz,15LP.S.
l":3'2kHz
FerricCassette
f" : 1.3kHz
ChromeCassette t " : 2 . 3 k { z
Thiscloselyapproximates
theN.A.B./D.l.N.
standards
fortapeequalization.
C, effectively
rollsoffgainat lowfrequencies,
producing
a DCgainasgivenbythe2011gainequation.
Notethatunlikeop-ampequalization
circuitsgaincanbevaried(oradjusted)
overa widerangeby a choiceof Ro,without
affectingthefrequencyresponsecharacteristic.

1-16
215
C?

314

+913
4.7nF@ 33/q,1'1/a
l.P.S.
2.7nF@ 71/2,15 LP.S.
6.8nFFERRICCASSETTE
3.9nFCHROMECASSETTE

s1p
6

6 .8pF

2
1

+lN

TAPEHEAD
11

710
B9

FIGURE5. TAPEPLAYBACK
PREAMPLIFIER

SPECIFICATIONS*
OPERATING
TEMPERATURE
STORAGE
TEMPERATURE
-1 0 'Cto + 55"C
(DETECTOR
- 55' Cto +125'C
SECTTON)
Thefollowing
specifications
applyforV" : -r 15V Te : 25'C, configuration
as shownin figure2, unlessotherwisenoted.
PARAMETER
(Rru",*)Resistance
RectifierGain
RectifierOutput(l^r"ss)ShortCircuit
Current

CONDITIONS

LowerIndicator
Turnon
UpperIndicatorTurnon Voltage

Indicator
Turns
IndicatorDriveCurrent
'Final specifications
may be subjectto change

Detector Section
Thedetectorinputcanbe appliedto anypointin thesignalprocessing
pathto indicate
level.Sincethegroundpinserves
onlythedetector
andtheon-chip
supplylinesarewellisolated,
thedetector
andpreampsections
willnot,asa ruleinteract.
However
depending
on layoutandapplication,
additional
stepscanbetakento ensurecomplete
isolation.
Onepossibility
is to powertheL.E.D.
s froma separate
positive
supply.
Another
wayis to usea voltageclampsuchasthe
onein figure6, so thatthecurrentdrawnfromthepositive
supplyby the L.E.D.circuitis almostconstant
regardless
of
inputsignalcondition.

//

FIGURE
6. L.E.D.VOLTAGE
CLAMP

O 1982by SolidStateMicroTechnology
Inc.,20768WalshAvenue,SantaCtara,CA 95050.
All RightsReserved.