Stakna Bridge Design Docs

60.
0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH
PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.
CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

BASIC DESIGN DATA
1. Ref: IRC 5-1998, Cl 112.1
Carriage way width = 4250 mm
Wearing Coat : Average 62 mm of Concrete Asphalt.
Bridge Cross Section as shown below
2.Ref: IRC 5-1998, Cl 106.2.3

Height of Bearing Base Plate from H.F.L 2000 mm
3.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 206.6

unit wt. of Reinforced concrete= 2.50 t/m3
unit wt. of Asphalt concrete= 2.20 t/m3
4.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 204.1

Loading : Class A train of Vehicles
Minimum Clearance from Kerb face to outer edge of wheel = 150 mm
60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH
Transferring the Wheel Loads to the Stringers

For the First Axle Load of 2.7Ton, i.e., 1.35Ton wheel load, we have,
Reaction at S2
= [(0.275 x 1.35) + (2.075 x 1.35)] / 2

= 1.58625 Ton
Reaction at S1
=1.11375 Ton
Similarly,
LOADS (Tn)
2.7
2.7
11.4
11.4
6.8
6.8
6.8
6.8
DIST (m)
1.1
3.2
1.2
4.3
3
3
3
LOAD on
each wheel
Transferred
Load on S1
Transferred
Load on S2
1.35
1.35
5.7
5.7
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
1.11375
1.11375
4.7025
4.7025
2.805
2.805
2.805
2.805
1.58625
1.58625
6.6975
6.6975
3.995
3.995
3.995
3.995
5.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 204.2

2.30 m of Carraige way to cover Class A loading, balance portion of width of carriage way to have 500kg/m2
of Live Load.

6.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 208.4
Impact Factor: 15.4%
7.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 211.2

Braking Force = 20% of first train + 10% of second train actually on the span, acting at 1.20m above deck
level, without effect of Impact.
Total Braking Force = 55.40 x 0.2 + 55.40 x 0.1 = 16.62 Ton.
Net Upward/ Downward Reaction on Support due to braking = (16.62x1.3) x1.20/60.0 = (+/-) 0.40 Ton.
The Braking force has been applied to the TIE members and the Tie members has been designed with a
Force of (16.62 / 2) = 8.31 Tn in addition to the Actual Force obtained by Staad Analysis.
NOTE: The effect of this Horz force from tie to ther members like Arch, Hangers and Diagonals has been
ignored
The forces created by the lever arm of 1.2m above deck level is to be reflected in the support reactions.
8. Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 209.2
For Basic Wind Speed = 33m/sec
Interpolation for 14m height above HFL using Table 4: IRC-2010)
Vz = 28.92 m/s
Pz = 502.75 N/m2
For Basic Wind Speed = 55m/sec
Vz = 28.92 x 55/33 = 48.2 m/s
Pz = 502.75 x 55/33 = 837.9 N/m2
G = Gust Factor = 2.0
CD= Drag coefficient
Solidity ratio
= =ratio of net area to overall area of truss
Overall area of Truss = r2 x (86.040/3600) = 1495.55m2

Length of Arch member = 2r x (86.040/3600) = 67.02 m
Length of Tie member = 60.90 m
Length of vertical member = 99.20 m
Length of Diagonal member = 101.59 m
Assuming 300 mm member depth, net area of truss = 98.61m2

So, = (98.61/1495.55) = 0.066
CD for windward side = 1.9
Truss spacing ratio = distance between center of truss by depth of windward truss
=
(..)/
./
= 0.68
For = 0.066, and truss spacing ration = 0.68, = 1.0

So CDfor leeward side = CD = 1.9
So Transverse wind force per m
= FT = Pz.G.CD.A1 = = 837.9 x2.0x1.9x0.3

= 955.2 N/m (used in staad model)
9. Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 219.0

Seismic Zone = IV
Zone factor = Z = 0.24
Importance Factor = I = 1.0
10. Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 221.0

Snow Load :
25 cm of snow with snow density of 900 kg/m3

= 0.25x0.9 = 0.225 T/m2 (Applied in staad model)
BEARING ARRANGEMENT
NODE
X
CO-ORD
Z
CO-ORD
003
005
3434
3436
0.00
0.00
60.90
60.90
0.00
5.40
0.00
5.40
TRANSLATION
X
X
X
Y
X
X
X
X
Z
X
Four different types of support conditions have been used in modelling the structure whose Restrains and translations
are summarized as above.
Node 003:
Is modelled as a pinned support Restrained for translation in all the three axis.
Node 005:
Is restrained for translation in X and Y Direction, but is released in Z Direction inorder to allow its
translation that might occur due to wind forces.

Node 3434:
Is restrained for translation in Z and Y Direction, but is released in X Direction inorder to allow its
translation that might occur due to Temperature forces or Live Load.
Node 3436:
Is restrained for translation in Y Direction only, but is released in X and Z Direction inorder to allow its
translation that might occur due to Wind forces as well as Temperature forces and Live Load.
2800
2870
10870
11720
12000
3080
4250 X 5000
4250 X 5000
4250 X 5000
5400
5400
5400
3430
3920
4560
4250 X 5000
4250 X 5000
4250 X 5000
5400
5400
5400
5000
4340
7270
9400
4250

STAAD INPUT
Refer to Annexure - I
STAAD OUTPUT
Refer to Annexure - II
DESIGN OF DECK SLAB

Dead Load Moment& Shear
Assuming MB-250 as long beam
Effective span = L = (2000-125) = 1875mm (IRC:21; Cl-305.4.3)
Considering Slab thickness = 175mm
Slab Weight = 2.5 x 0.175 = 0.44 t/m
Wearing Coat = 2.2 x 0.062
= 0.14 t/m
Total = 0.58 t/m
Moment = 0.58 x 1.8752/8 x 0.8 = 0.21 t.m/m
Shear = 0.58 x 1.875 x 0.6 = 0.65 t/m
Live Load Moment & Shear
For maximum effect, one wheel has been placed at the centre of span as shown below
Impact factor as per IRC 21 ; Cl:305-4.3 for span less than 3.0 m= 50%
Effective Width as per IRC 21 ; CL 305.16.2
beff = kx(1 X/L) + bw
bw = (205+ 2x62.5) = 375 mm
X = 1.875/2 = 0.9375
For B/L = 5000 /2000= 2.5 ; K = 2.60

beff = 2.60 x 0.9375 (1-0.5) + 0.375 = 1.59 m
Actual Effective with = (1.20 + 1.59) = 2.79 m
Width of Dispersion {500 +2 x (144+62.5)} (Considering 175 slab) = 913 mm
Intensity of Load = 11.40/0.913 = 12.49 t/m

M = 12.49x0.913x1.875/2 0.913/2x 12.49 x 0.913 /4 = 4.04 T-m
Considering Continuity & Impact factor : M= (4.04x0.8x1.50) = 4.85 T-m
Moment per m width = 4.85/2.79 = 1.74 T-m/m
For Maximum Shear Load is placed as shown below:
V = 0.913 x 12.49 x 1.42 / 1.875 = 8.64t

Considering Continuity & Impact = 8.64 x 0.8 x 1.50 = 10.37t
Shear per m width = 10.37/2.79 = 3.72 ton
Total Moment = (1.74 + 0.21) = 1.95 t.m/m
Total Shear = (3.72 + 0.65) = 4.37ton
Design of Section
Considering M25 grade of concrete & Fe 415 Reinforcement
cbc = 8.33 N/mm2, st = 200 N/mm2 , cmax= 1.9 N/mm2
k = 93.33/(st + 93.33) = 0.318 ; j = (1-k/3) = 0.894
R = cbc k j = x 8.33 x 0.318 x 0.894 = 1.18
d required = (1.95 x 107/ (1000 x 1.18))1/2= 128mm

d provided = (175 25 5 ) = 145 mm
Ast required = (1.95 x 107)/ ( 145x200x0.894) = 752mm2/m
Provide = 12 @ 150 c/c (754 mm2/m)
c= (4.37 x 104) / (1000x145) = 0.30 N/mm2<cmax= 1.90 N/mm2
ALTERNATIVE APPROACH OF DECK SLAB DESIGN

Carriage Way
C/C of Stringer
Effective width of dispersion
(lo)
beff
b/lo
k
Distance of Load from Nearest Support
= 4.7 m
= 2.0 m
= k*a*(1-a/lo)+b1
= 2.5
= 2.6
=a
Class A Loading
Impact Factor
Tyre Contact Dimension
Wearing Coarse thickness
Dispersion upto top of slab
= 54.5%
(IRC-6-2010 / Cl:208.4)
= 0.50m x 0.25m
= 0.065 m
= 0.25+(2x0.065) = 0.38m
b1
Effective dispersion along Span:

Dispersion upto Bottom of deck slab
= 0.5+2*(D17+0.175) = 0.98m
Max Wheel Load

Max Wheel Load with Impact
= 57 kN
= 88.065 kN
Case 1 : Minimum Clearance from kerb end

Effective width of L1
When,
a
b eff 1
L1/Contact area
( FIG: 1)
When,
a
b eff 2
L2/Contact area
= 0.275 m
= 2.6 x 0.275 x (1-0.275/2)+0.38 = 0.997 m
= 88.065 / (0.98 x 0.997) = 90.161 kN/m2
= 0.075 m
= 0.568 m
= 158.295 kN/m2
Case 2 : For Max Support Moment (FIG: 2)

Effective width of L1 = L2
When,
a
= 0.9 m
b eff 1 = b eff 2 = 1.667 m
(L1=L2)/Contact area
= 53.9 kN/m2
Case 3 : For Max Load at Mid-span FIG: 3
1
0

When,
a
b eff 1
= 1.0 m
= 1.68 m
= 53.49 kN/m2
a
b eff 2
= 0.8 m
= 1.628 m
= 55.198 kN/m2
L1/Contact area
When,
L2/Contact area
STAAD INPUT FOR MOMENT ANALYSIS OF DECK SLAB
1
1
STAAD PLANE TRANSVERSE ANALYSIS OF DECK

START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 01-Apr-14
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0.352 0 0; 3 2.352 0 0; 4 4.352 0 0; 5 4.7045 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 2 3; 2 3 4; 3 4 5; 4 1 2;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
TYPE CONCRETE
STRENGTH FCU 27579
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TO 4 PRIS YD 0.175 ZD 1
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
2 TO 4 PINNED
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE Dead TITLE DL
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
MEMBER LOAD
1 TO 4 UNI GY -1.43
4 UNI GY -5 0 0.225
3 UNI GY -5 0.1275
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE Dead TITLE CASE 1 - AT MIN DIST. FROM KERB
MEMBER LOAD
4 UNI GY -90.16 0.1265
1 UNI GY -90.61 0 0.7735
1 UNI GY -158.3 1.791
2 UNI GY -158.3 0 0.359
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE CASE 2 - FOR MAX SUPPORT MOMENTS
MEMBER LOAD
1 UNI GY -53.9 0.22625 1.93375
2 UNI GY -53.9 0.06625 1.73375
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE None TITLE CASE 3 - FOR MAX LOAD AT MID-SPAN
MEMBER LOAD
1 UNI GY -53.49 0.1605 1.8405
1 UNI GY -55.2 1.9865
2 UNI GY -55.2 0 1.6145
LOAD COMB 5 COMBINATION LOAD CASE 5
1 1.0 2 1.0
1 1.0 3 1.0
1 1.0 4 1.0
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PRINT FORCE ENVELOPE
PRINT MAXFORCE ENVELOPE
PRINT FORCE ENVELOPE LIST ALL
FINISH
1
2
Design of Deck Slab Section

Concrete
Steel
cbc
st
cmax
= M30
= Fe 415
= 10 N/mm2
= 200 N/mm2
= 1.9 N/mm2
(IRC-21-2000 / Table 9)
(IRC-21-2000 / Table 10)
(a) For BM at Intermediate Support

K
= 93.33/(200+93.33) = 0.32
J
= 1- 0.32/3 = 0.89
R
= 0.5 x 10 x 0.89 x 0.32 = 1.42
Max BM
Depth reqd
Depth Provided
d
D
= 28.39 kNm
= (28.39x106/(1.42x1000)) = 141.29 mm
= 175 5 25 = 145 mm (Hence SAFE)
Max BM
Depth reqd
Depth Provided
d
D
= 15.99 kNm
= 106.04 mm
= 145 mm (Hence SAFE)
Check for Shear

Max Shear at Mid Support
= 69.12 kN
= 69.12/145 = 0.477 N/mm2 <1.9 (Hence Safe)
(b) For BM at Midspan
1
3

DESIGN OF DIFFERENT MEMBERS
Refer Annex -1 for the same.
The structure has been checked for the following load combination (Refer : IRC 24-2010)
Case 1.
(G + Q) or (Gs + Qim + Fb)
Increase of Stress = Nil
Case 2.
Case 1 + Fte
Increase of Stress = 15%
Case 3.
Case 2 + W
Case 4.
Case 2 + Feq
Where
G = Dead Load
Q = Live Load
Gs = Snow Load
Qim = Impact Facor
W = Wind Load
Fb = Braking Force
Fte = Temperature Effect
Feq = Seismic Force
from the STADD Output file, maximum force on each type of memeber has been calculated and combined. This has
been tabled in Annex-2
Design of Steel Sections
For I.S. 2062 Grade E250, Rolled Section
Basic Permissible stress in Axial Tension = at = 0.6 fy = 150.0 N/mm2
Basic Permissible stress in Axial Compression = ac = 0.6 fy = 150.0 N/mm2
Basic Permissible stress in Bending for flats, tubes = bt = 0.66 fy = 165.0 N/mm2
Basic Permissible stress in Bending for Rolled Sections = bt = 0.62 fy = 155.0 N/mm2
Basic Permissible stress in Shear = vf = 0.38 fy = 95.0 N/mm2
For I.S. 4923 Grade E310, RHS Section:

Basic Permissible stress in Axial Tension = at = 0.6 fy = 186.0 N/mm2
Basic Permissible stress in Axial Compression = ac = 0.6 fy = 186.0 N/mm2
Basic Permissible stress in Bending for flats, tubes = bt = 0.66 fy = 204.0 N/mm2
Basic Permissible stress in Shear = vf = 0.38 fy = 117.80 N/mm2
1
4

DESIGN OF STRINGER
1. DL on Intermediate Stringer
Dead Load of Slab = 0.175 x 2 x 2.5 tn/m
Wearing Course = 0.065 x 2 x 2.2 tn/m
SW of UB 305 (Stringer)
= 0.875
= 0.286
= 0.054
= 1.215
tn/m
tn/m
tn/m
tn/m
For Dead Load only

Max BM = 1.215 x 52/8 = 3.796 Tnm
Max SF = 1.215 x 5/2 = 3.0375 Tn
For Live Load
a. Max Reaction of the Stringer
= 5.7 + [ 5.7 x (2-1.8)/2]
= 6.27 Tn
5.7Tn
5.7Tn
1.8m
2.0m
2.0m
Cross Section view

Applying Impact Factor of 15.4%
Max Reaction with Impact = 6.58 Tn
Total Reaction = 6.58 x (1+0.2/2) = 7.235
Reaction Factor = 7.235/5.7 = 1.27
b. Position of Vehicle for Max BM on stringers
7.235
7.235
0.3
0.3
2.2
A
Reaction at A :
RA
RB
0.6
1.2
CL
1.6
B
= [(2.8 x 7.235) + (1.6 x 7.235)] / 5

= 6.3668 Tn
= 8.1032 Tn
Live Load Bending Moment = 6.3668 x 2.2 = 14.007 tn

c. Position of Vehicle for Max SF in Stringer
1
5
(1.35 x 1.27)
0.475
7.235
3.2
7.235
1.2
0.125
5.0m
A
CL
The maximum wheel Load of the vehicle is placed at distance 0.125m (width of the flance of the Cross beam
from CL of the Cross Beam.
The Max Reaction on the Stringer at Point A,
= [(1.7145 x 4.525) + (7.235 x 1.325) + (7.235 x 0.125)] / 5
= 18.248/5 = 3.649 Tn
Reaction at B
= 1.7145 + (2 x 7.235) 3.649 = 12.5355Tn
Live Load S.F = 12.5355 Tn
Total BM = 3.796 + 14.007 = 17.803 Tnm
Total SF = 3.0375 + 12.5355 = 15.573 Tnm
Properties of Composite Section

Clause 305.15 of IRC 21:2000
UB 305x165x54
Thikness of web for beams
Distance b/w C/C of Cross beams
Effective width for Compression Flange
bw =
lo =
b eff
=
=
0.79 cm
500 cm
bw+lo/10
50.79 cm
Modulus of Elastricity of Concrete

Modulus of Elastricity of Steel (Fe 415)
Ec =
Es =
30.5 Table 9 Page 18 of IRC:21:2000

200 Table 3 Page 8 of IRC:21:2000
Modular ratio
m=
6.56
1
6
Sl
No
Element
Modular
ratio (m)
Width
Thk
cm
cm
50.79
17.5
1 Slab
2 UB 305x165x54
6.56
30.5
Total
Sl
No
2 UB 305x165x54
cm2
cm
Ay
C.G of
section
from top
of slab
C.G of
section
from top
of Girder
C.G of
section
from
bottom
of Girder
cm3
cm
cm
cm
15.328
2.172
32.672
135.55
8.75
1186.026
68.77
32.75
2252.218
204.316
3438.243
Ixx
Distance of CG
of element from
NA (Y)
AY2
Ixx + AY2
Zxx from
top of slab
Zxx from
top of
Girder
Zxx from
bottom of
girder
cm4
cm4
cm3
cm4
cm3
cm3
cm3
3459.24
6.578
5865.226
9324.468
11700.00
17.422
Element
1 Slab
Area (A)
Dist of CG
of element
from Top
Slab (y)
17923.925 19290.677
Total
41897.759
Total BM
17.803 Tn.m
Total SF
15.573 Tn
Stress at top of
Slab
99.325
102 kg/cm2
SAFE
Stress at top of Girder
92.288
1580 kg/cm2
SAFE
1388.280
1580 kg/cm2
SAFE
226.450
969 kg/cm2
SAFE
Stress at Bottom of Girder

Shear Stress
1282.378
20873.291 32573.291
1
7

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60.

0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

2.Ref: IRC 5-1998, Cl 106.2.3

3.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 206.6

4.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 204.1

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

Transferring the Wheel Loads to the Stringers

= [(0.275 x 1.35) + (2.075 x 1.35)] / 2

5.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 204.2

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

7.Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 211.2

= =ratio of net area to overall area of truss

Overall area of Truss = r2 x (86.040/3600) = 1495.55m2

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

For = 0.066, and truss spacing ration = 0.68, = 1.0

= FT = Pz.G.CD.A1 = = 837.9 x2.0x1.9x0.3

9. Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 219.0

10. Ref: IRC 6 -2010, Cl 221.0

25 cm of snow with snow density of 900 kg/m3

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

DESIGN OF DECK SLAB

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

Intensity of Load = 11.40/0.913 = 12.49 t/m

V = 0.913 x 12.49 x 1.42 / 1.875 = 8.64t

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

ALTERNATIVE APPROACH OF DECK SLAB DESIGN

Effective dispersion along Span:

Max Wheel Load

Case 1 : Minimum Clearance from kerb end

Case 2 : For Max Support Moment (FIG: 2)

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

STAAD INPUT FOR MOMENT ANALYSIS OF DECK SLAB

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K

STAAD PLANE TRANSVERSE ANALYSIS OF DECK

60.0M SPAN ARCH BRIDGE AT STAKNA, LEH

PISA INERNATIONAL PVT. LTD.

CLIENT : PWD CIRCLE , LEH. GOVT OF J&K