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SJ~J ' PAPER

s

IN THIS ISSUE

" I8
Jlt)II(l

6 From the Editor

74 AppleNews: G4 towers geta speed boost

74 The penguin on your desktop

10 Letters

74 AMIYs Athlon XP gets faster

85 'Trustworthycomputing' greeted with skepticism

ss

12 What's New
32 Annual Net traffic growth stiU tripling
36 Overall Web site defacements rose in 2001, reports Mi2g

88 WikiWikiWebs

70 PCsecurity holes doubled in 2001, claims CERT

88 Weavingyourown Web site:IE extensionsto CSS,Pa* 3

71 Canadianonline shopping in Decemberexceeded

esti
mates

89 Building anarcade cabinet: Part 3

72 Some willing to live without the Interne, study finds

87 Book review: Too much attitude too late in dated how-to

ComingUp

96 Volunt
eerstake IT overseas
16 A room of one's own
Basicprinciplesfor workingat home

April 2002
Corersronnmshal video
lab Test Dsoad
bandsbarlne
Ad Deadline .... . . . . .Tues., feb. 26
Dlstrlbnuon .... . . . . . .Pm, Nar. 15

96 Java Tutorials: Threads in Java Part 1

97 Newbies overseas

24 PC MacLAN:Mac-Windows detente

100 Welcometo wireless U

102 Bookreview:Guide a roadmap forneophyte managers

27 Wantyour Mac to talk PC?CallDave

28 Servi
ng yourhome off
ice needs
Cffent-servercomputing: hy this at home

May 2002
CasersusanDonewbeless
SabTant Seunilf
Rd Deadline... . . . . . . .Tea, uar. 26
Dislrlbnuon .... . . . . . . frlw Afr. 12

41 Value-addedvolts
Cleanup thePower with o UPS... your PC will thank you

June 2002

41 Pentium 4 notebooks hit the ground running

CuwrarenaWnrbheuwWeb
labTest uoleboolu
Ad amino.. . . . . . . . .Tnt, apr. 10

Disurbnuoo ..... . . . . .frl., uaf 17

41 Half
-pointtweak forpcAnywhere
49 UPS speci
ffcationsand testresults
s

sr
58 Home offf
ce outgrown
Taking thenwrt sumsin expanding your smaU business
58 File senrer in a box
63 Ragingagainstthe machine
66 Office Suite Tmining: Extracting meaning from numbers
68 Quick Tips: Automating Wonl

I I

as . s

MARCH
2002 ME COMPUIERPAPER Glfxlfa TORONTOEomou wwwcanadacosnpsnescsnn

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TERPAPER ORE/ uERTORONTO EcmON MARCH 2002 $

The biggest iron

T

can barel
y bear to turn on my
original Bondi blue iMac these

pany, describing among other things his big iron: three

IBM serverclusters,with 100 Linux servers on eac)L
This was my niece'shusband, but it was me crying uncle
in that exchange.

%days. I swearit's becomeasnivelling little wretch. It is, of course, the

new G4 iMacs that are to blame for
the Bondi's sudden inadequacies. I
suppose I could dispense with these
little systems altogether and go for
more serious imn. That would be
Apple's new dual-CPU (two I GHz
processors) G4 desktop towers. We
haven't seen a live one yet in TCP Lab, but Apple claims
it is 72 percent faster in some Photoshop operations
than a 2 GHz Pentium 4 system.
And speaking of Pentiums, my notebook also took a
body blow when we received not one, but two Pentium
4 notebooks for testing. Because Intel has yet to release
a mobile Pentium 4 procesmr, these step up to the next
generation by incorporating a desktop CPU.
Some manufacturers havebeen sticking desktop CPUs
into notebooks for years. It's an interim way to get the
latest pmcessors into a portable, since Intel's mobile

Sadly
,thesearejusttwo ina paradeof
technologiesgonestale, and over the
yearswe've received a sporadic streamof
inquiries fromreaders asking whereto
find an updatedMicroChannel this or
magnet
o-opticalthat.
Stolochgngtechnology
That's the giddy fun side of technology's advance. But
there's another side. Recently, I was contacted by a couple of readers who had similar problems: where to find
support for devices that have fallen by the wayside. In
one case. a man called wondering where he might buy
blank media for his Ditto Max tape drive. In the second
case, someone einailed me because his LS-120
SuperDrive needed repair.

processorrolloutstypically lag behind its desktop generations by several months. The challenges have always
revolved around managing a CPU that runs hotter and
uses more power. The solutions have usually meant that

Both were promising backup technologies in their

day, but through a combination of bad marketing, competitive forces, and the march of technology innovation,
they have more or lessbeen orphanecL

the portable is heavier and bulkier, to accommodate

extra heatsinksand fans,and thebattery life is laughable.

802.11b. Manufacturers are ramping up production of

802.11aproducts that are faster but not compatible with
the "b" specification. But that's just this year, in the
wings is an alphabet soup of other specifications, some
impmving and providing backward compatibility with
"b" and some with "a." Wireless Ethernet, through an
802.11 specification, will likely persist through the
decade; the letter variations, however, will be the minefield to negotiate.
As an interesting contrast, I also received news &om
Olympus the other day that it was discontinuing its OM
series of 35 mm cameras. The first OM model was
introduced in 1972, and the news releasestated that the
current model would remain on sale until March 2003.
Consider that this single camera line has been on the
market 10 years longer than the IBM PC industry has
been in existence, more than 15 years longer than the
Apple Macintosh brand. or 20 years longer than the first
commercially successful version of Microsofi Windows.

As astill photographymedium. 35 mm film itself has

been around for three-quarters of a century. You get an
idea of how young and immature the personal cornputer businessand the digital technology realm still are.

gone stale, and over the years we' ve received a sporadic

stream of inquiries fmm readers asking where to find
an uPdated MicroChannel
this or magneto-optical ~
NNIR? Iaf. Iix Aw
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that. It's not likely to end
oaaaFaauosKNI
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any time soon, either, and I
causavzI Itsw Isius
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anticipate in future getting
oaiiinaas NANIA.
contacted by readers looking for support on products
that are just emerging
today.

processor,Under idle (no workload), theywerestill going

after two hours on battery power. Pretty impressive,
I have a relative who is the IT director for a proteomics company, and we ofien brag to each other
about the latest technologieswe've laid our hands on. At
dinner the other evening, I was about to casuagy mention the Pentium 4 notebooks, when he dmpped a magazine dipping into my lap. It was a profile of his com-

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Another technology ripe for rapid obsolescence is

Enjoy the issue

Sadly, theseare just two in a parade of technologies

Not so with these new systems. We found that even

after they'd been running for an hour, they were no
warmer than a notebook that used a mobile Pentium I I I

One sure bet is that at least one of the three recordf

able DVD specifications will become an also rett,

.. IascrynwiOILaoair.aevnrveoppESwtnaonciiirkHtlim

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< LETTERS w

DOS tales!

longer free, the FreeDOSproject people

You don't devote

am stiU working on improving their 05

under an open-source GUI licence.

nearly enough of
your pages to DOS.
Yes, DOS.
Ifyouthink DOS is

dead, think again.

There are companies
outthere thatfavour
"thin
so-caUed

dient" hanlwareand
use DOSeither standatone or embedded within Unux and Unix
networks. Caldera Systems, the creators of
OpenDOS,used to give their 05 away for
fiee, but now their spinoff retail company
sell
sit in 10-packs forU5$250.One heck of

a pricelag for an"obsolete" 05.

There are also many 005 enthusiasts
out there (myself being one, albeit of

recent vintage). Comm

ercial products for

So whatare the advantagesofDOS? The

most important is the absence of redun-

dancy.Windows of am versions tends to

make a million uselesssystemcalls that
are dearly intended only to use up
resourcesanddrive the upgrade industry.
DOS is built on the opposite principleit
doesthe minimum necessary.My Arachne
browser is faster on a 486 with a 14.4Kbps
modem than my Netscape 4.78 is on a
Pentium 200 MHz with a 56Kbpsmodem.
It's interesting that Arachne hails from
the Czech Republic.From reading the documentati
on, I get the impression that
Czechs run 005 on theirPentiums and
reluctantly jump up to Ufindowsonly when

absol
utely necessary.They seem to know

us are rare, but there's plenty of freeware

somethingyou don't.
Miki Kocic

and shareware. These include a Web

browser(Arachne) and CDburner softwam

Uy that-only fa Canada

(from Goldenfiawk). Also, since DOS is

There is an error that will primarily affect

aanspar
ent and highly handson, there

Canadian users of Windows XP.When you

are a WiUion little utilimes available that

enable users to do things that Windows
normally conceals under copyright.

make the fognwing selections under Help

and Support)Use Toots to view your computer information and diagnose problems
using MyComputer Information then View
general information about thiscomputer,

AlthoughMS-005 is almost impossible

to obtain nowadays, and OpenDOS is no

you will receive a "tag country28" error

after about two thirds of the information

Came:
Thisproblemian occurif thelanguagefor non-

is loaded.

Unicodeprogramsissel to English(Canada). The

Ispent two months trying to solve this

problem. You can be sure that if it afiected Americans, there would have been
instant action to document this problem.
However, I have it from a reliable source
that Microsoft won't do anything until
there's a documented number of inridents,and there just ain't enough of us
Canadiansto make a ripple in the pond.
The problem can be fi
xed by going to
thisWeb site:youps.goo(te.com/youps?i)=en
&grretdm=ufiov)klrBHA2522rrb
hotkmsltngp02.
Jeff Horne

errororiy'natesfroma )avascnptfilethat isgeneratedduringthe setupprocess, andisusedio mntrol someofthe HelpandSupport funcfionality. It

doesnot affectthenormal tuncfionality ofthe
languagefornon-Unicodeprograms process.

messagemayoccwduringthe informationcoilec-

Workarounds:
OpenControl Panel Date,Time,languageand
Regi
onalDpkonsRey'onaland LanguageOpiions.
Swit
chiogreArhnnced labandchanff
eLanfi
uaff
e
for non-Unicodeprogramsto Enfflrsh(anted
States).Youmaynowcollmr your systeminformationwilhoui error.
OR:
Backupthe folkxvingme, andopen theoriginal in
a teh editor.
rxrsy
stemrootxAPCHEALTH(HELPCTR(Sys(emLsysinfoLcommonFuncjs
Loohethefollowingline in thefile:
arse 7: sir =TAGCOUNTRY28; break;
Noteihti in ail theother linesin thissecfion, ihe
case numbermatchesthe TAGCOUNTRY
number.Change fAG CDUNTRY28'io
TAGCOUNTRY2 .Savethefile
Youmaynowcogeclyour systeminformation
wiihoulerror,regardlessof theLanguage for non-

konprocess.Theprocesswill nol finish.

Unicodeproyamsselting. Ct

TCPrepfiesr Thanksfor the tip, Jeff.

Fogowing isthe messageposted ot the Weh

site notedohover
Symptoms:
Thiserror will primarilyaffersCanadianusersoi
WindowsXP.
Whenyoumakethe following elecfionsunder
HEL
PanoSuaroar(UEETours io viewyour mmpurer

informafionaoddiaffnmeproblemsMyCo
m
puter
InformakonViewgtneral informationaboui this
computera 'TAG COUNTRY28 isundefined' error

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)tyberrmut showcaseswearabte Poma tkL'

Wearable PCmaker, Xybemaut Corp. (wwwxfbemautcom/poma), has unveiled its first offering for the
consumermarket.The device includes a computer and a

lightweight head-mounted display. The company will market and seU it in North America under the brand name
poma forata suggested retailprice ofUS$1,499.
The puma is powered by Hitachi's SuperH 32-bit 128

MHz RISCprocessor with companion coprocessor, and has

32 MB ofRAM and 32 MB of ROM. It runs Windows CE,and

incorporates a Compact Rash slot, USBport, custom opticalmouse,and removable rechargeable battery.It weighs
309 g (10.9 oz.).
Weamrshave instant on/offInternetaccessand a head
mounted display that provides a private viewing experience equivalent in quality to a desktop inonitor, according
to Xybemaut.

The company is accepting advance onlers through its

Web site, and expects to deliver the first units by ApriL

TCPStaf

Wireless Palmty00 debuts

Pabn (wwwpaimcom) has launched a new handheld that adds "always
on wireless messaging and email, and Web browsing to Palm's existing lineup of personal information management utilities.
The silver i705 notifies users of new messages via LED, sound, or
vibration. In addition to the stylus input, there is an optional Palm
Mini Keyboard that slips over the bottom of the
i705forthumb typing.

The new handheld runsPalm05

4.1,has 8 MB RAM. 4 MB Flash

Pr

ROM, a 3 3 NH z Motorola
Dragonball VZ processor, rechargeable lithium polymer battery, an
expansion slot that accepts Secure

qb
0

Digital and MultiMediaCard removable

media, and comeswith a USBcradle for syncing with a desktop PC.
The Palm i705 has an estimated street price of

U5$449. Purchasers will also need to subscribe to a

wireless service to use that functionality (Palm has yet to announce
wireless carriers and coverage areas in Canada, however). The Palm
Mini Keyboard has an estimated retail priceof US$59.95.
TCPStaf

.4

let the SuuPower your PDA

Montr
eal-based ICP GlobalTechnologies has
developed portable solar charger, the
isun (wwwisunpowercom), for cell

Toshiba mhus thiy l0 GB, 20GBdrives

phones and other smaa electronic

devices, such as PDAs and NP3

Toshiba storageDevice Division (5DD, at wwwharddrbestosliba.com)

has introduced its newest family of 1.8-inch embedded hard
drives, which are available in 10 Ga and 20 GBcapadties. The
tiny storage units measure 5.4x7.85 cm and weigh 51 g and 62
g, mspectively smaller than a credit card and lighter than a traditional pager.

players.
The charger comes with seven
adapter plugs to fit a variety of

devices, and users can choosebetween

6-volt or 12-volt power. Acconang to infor-

The drives offer data tmnsfer rates of 100 Maps. They are built

on Toshiba's 2.5-inch hard drive technology platform, and the company expects they will be integrated into notebook Ks, handhelds, wearable computers, digital video cameras, audio/video
players. and used in automotive applications.
The drives offer an areal density of 35.26 Gb per square inch the industry's highest, according
to Toshiba and are designed to withstand an operating shock ofup to 200 g and a non-operating shock of 1000 g.
Both models are expected to be available in early March.
TCPStoff

mationon the product's Web site,the isun can

run devices that mquire less than 2 W power. Charger can be
daisy-chained together to multiply
the power output.A listofcompatible electronic devices is
available on the Web site.
The isun comes in two

models: the basic isun, which

is aimed at business users and
hasa matte silver case; and the

isun

Sp ort,

QuarhXPress5.0 released
Quad Inc. (wwwquarkmm) has released QuarkXPress 5.0, the popular page layout application. The upgrade

"i

indudesa new Layers feature,which lets usersisolate items within a document and switch between diff
erent versions. In addition, Quark has added the ability to create graphically rich tables within a document.
QuarkXPress5.0 has also been tweaked for designers who create content for multiple media, allowing them

g~

' I

f $119

TCpStuf

to import and export dozens of file formats, including HTML, PDF, and XNL

QuarkXPress 5.0 also has new licence management options for multiple-seat installations. Quark License
Administrator is a server-basedsystem for creating customized user pools and assigning accessprivileges
to each group. Itcan be configured to allow remote users to check out software foruse offthe network

and to acquire additional licences as needed.

QuarkXPr
ess 5 0 is available forboth Mac OS (05 X in Oassic Node only)and Windows,fora suggested price ofUS$995
(US$299to upgrade from version 4u,and US$399 fmm 3.x).

TCPStaf

gl~
g l yygg
N EW S N E T W O R K
www.newsbytes.corn

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N NEW & N O TABLE m

Foldingkeyboardfor Smartphone
KyoceraWirelessCorp. (www TocenPrdreless.com) hasintroduced a
full-size, portable folding
keyboardfor the Kyocem
QCP 6035 Smartphone.

Developed with Think

Outside Inc. (wwwthinkotwdde.
corn), it has the

size
,feel,and response of
a notebook computer key-

board,butcan be molded to fi
t in a briefcase oreven a
pocket.
The QCP 6035 is a Palm 05-based device,so requires
useof a stylusto inputtext,which can betedious when
composinglonger messages or text files.The keyboard

solves this, and can be usedwhile makingvoice calls.

As well, users can customize it by programming command keys.Itdraws its power from the phone.

It measures 9.1xtmx2 cm (3.6x5.1x0.8 in.) dosed.

35.1x13x1.1 cm (13.8x5.1x0.44 in.) open, and weighs
about 224 g (7.9 oz). A phone stand with an integrated
inter
face cable connects the QCP 6035 to the keyboard

Cnngerputspictures, data in your pocket

SangiskCorporation (wwwsendiskcom) hasintroduced Cruzer,

a pocket-size storagedevice with removable and upgradeable flashmemory cards (Secure Digital and MultiMediaCard
formats).The device,which measures about 7.6x4.4x2 cm
(3x1.75x.75 in.), can be used to store andtransfer digital
imagesand audio files,and data fi
les.

It connects to a computer via USB and features Mass

Stomge Class (NSC) compliance for true plug-and-play

opera
tion.NSC is supported natively in mndows 2000,Ne,and XP,as wellas Apple 05 9.x and 05 X which
meansusers do notneed to installa dri
verto use the device.Itis also compatible USB-enabled computers runningWindows 98 and Mac 05 8.6.
It also features soltware passwords to protectfiles.
The Cruzer will initially be available in four capacities32, 64, 128 and 256 MB. Users wiU be able to upgrade

to highercapacity as they become available,according to SanDisk.

The Cruzeris expected to ship this spring, andwill range in price fromU5$59.95 to US$199.95 depending on
capaci
ty.The 128 MB device expected to sellforUS$99.95.

TCPSeog

and weighsapproximately 91 g (3.2 oz).

The Kyocera Smartphone Portable Keyboard has an estimated price of U5$99, and can be

ordere
d through the Kyocem mreless Web site.
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Working at home in the Internet age can be the best job you ever had,

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Whodoesit
According to Statistics Canada, there is
at least one personal computer with
Internet accessm
' more than seven nul
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making the country perhaps the world' s
most wired society. For most Canadians,
usinga home computer forsome sortof
work whether school work, a homebased business. or work brought home
from the office, is already a part of the
daily routine.
Many employers have embraced telework, where their employees spend at
least part of their time working at home
or at some other location away fiom the
office. Research by Prodata Partners Ltd.
in the summer of 2001 indicated that
there were one million home-based
businesses in Canada. According to U.S.
Commerce Dept. and StatsCan 2001 statistics, about 1 0 m i llion N orth
Americans work out of their homes.

For the homeworker, the Internet can

be the great equalizer. It pmvides a vast
communications network, a storehouse
of information, and possibilities for
commerce.
If you are new to the concept of working at home. you' ll be heartened to know
that it is possible to equip an amazingly
powerful, flexible and dependable home

xoa~
~~a.c

pent

n 1929, Virginia Woolf wrote "a

woman must have money and a
room of her own if she is going to
write." This sentiment that in order to
work effectively you need the resources
to create and time and a space to concentrate on your personal goals still
applies to both genders.
Do you already use computer technology and the Internet to work at home,
on your own home-baaed business, or
telework foran employer,orforeducation, or personal creative expression? If
so, you' ll know that it takes thought,
effort, and experimentation to craft that
"room of one's own" and to train yourself (and your housemates) to let you be
as productive as possible.

ment fiies, while inconvenient, isn't a

calamity. If that computer contains 6les
vital to your livelihood, its loss isconsiderably more serious.

raz.~'x
P

oa
aa
va
0as

Officehtrnitnre

5MCW

As soon as possible, invest in a good

quality computer desk with adjustable

I TP"

keyboard tray,ergonomic chair, lockable

storage and file cabinets, and adjustable
light 6xtures.

Elderg

J
t j', ;

I
'H

computingwork space for $3,~ r

even less. Here's how.

Set yourgoals
First, de6ne what work you need to do at
home. Realize that to run a full-Hedged
home business, you' re essentially building a smaller version of a corporate IT
department as weg as a business office.
You' ll need to find, learn to use, then
support afi the technology tools necessary for your businessor 6nd a source
for reliable and inexpensive technical
support. This is on top of establishing
the best business practices to run your
operation. The processmay take time.
Don't assume that you will have your
solution instantly. Also, if your budget is
limited, you may have to build your
home work space piece by piece, as
money permits.

A digital home office"kit" will probably includethe following:

Aworkroom
You'6 need adequate space (11 sq. mahout 100 sq. ft or more, per person),
light, ventilation, power. and wiring in

16 MARCH20P2 THE COMPUTERRAPER GRE

ATERTORONTOEOIIION vtww.ca ~ m

place for voice, phone, and Internet

access. Ideally, a dedicated mom will be
avail
able,perhaps a spare bedroom, or a
re6nished attic, garage or basement.
Note that in some municipalities,
home work places are theoretically prohibited under local bylaws. In practice,
they are usually tolerated, provided they
don't constitute a nuisance to neighbours, or a safety hazard. In the imperfect real world, you start your home
office with a kitchen table and a computer shared by the whole family.The
eventualgoal,however,should be adedicated work computer in a dedicated
work space, for maximum productivity
and security.

Computers
According to Mike Oreskovic. segment
manager for Hewlett-Packard Canada's
micro business division, most homebased business operators want a computer for very basic functions: communications (such asemail), Web browsing,
word processing, billing, financial management, creating brochures, and possibly a custom application related to the
particular business, such as a real estate
or medical olfice.
For these purposes, even a sub-$1,000
"entry-level" system (with a I GHz Intel
Celeron processor or equivalent, 128 MB
RAM, 20 GB hard drive, 16 MB graphics
card. CD-RW drive. IO/100 Ethernet
card, 56Kbps modem, 15-inch monitor,
and inkjet printer), will be "good
enough." If the home business needs
greater computing horsepower for
professional graphic design or video
production, for example a more powerful computer may be needed.

Ergonomicaids
For maximum comfort, and to avoid
work-related disability, consider an
ergonomic keyboard, scrolling wheel

mouse, and a large (17-inch or more)

good quality monitor.

A lockabledoor, a power bar with surge

suppressor or an uninterruptible power

supply (UPS), lockable filesand storage,

inswance. burglar alarm, and privacy
&om view by people passing by the
house. or coming to the front door are
afi good ideas.
The loss or destruction of a computer
that contains gamesand other entertain-

Businesssoftteare
An suite of office software such as
Microsoft Office, Lotus Smart Suite,
WordPerfect Olfice, StarOIBce, or even
Microsoft Works includes modules for

word processing,spreadsheets,and presentations.

You may also need specialized busiContinued on page?8

Office"
Pushy;se pour net( PC'Prow
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&a

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As you' ll discover, system builders provide you with customized

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Protect your work.Document Recovery can save and restore your files automatically the second an application stops responding.
Schedule meetings via email. Outlook makes it easy to review your group's schedule and allow others to propose

alternate meeting times.

Consolidate document retdslons In seconds.Document collaboration tools make it easier than ever to consolidate multiple

revisions from multiple group members throughout your business.

Work seamlessly with ONce 97 and ONce 2000 documents.Office XP features file format backward<ompatibility,

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PAPER GREATERTORONIO EDITION MARCH2002 l 1

< WOR K IN G A r H O N E w

A snomoione's own
Continued from page 16

.COm

...The classic

.biz
.info
.ca

NI cans business
Focus on information

ness ma
nagem
ent

r accounting software. Simply Accounting, Quickgooks,

or MYOB (Mind Your Own Business)
are all designed for small businesses. But
if you operate fmm home, you probably
do not have paymll concerns, in which
case a product like QuickBooks 2002
migjtt be adequate.
If you use the Internet as a business
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Security 2002 is highly reconnnended.

Printers nndaeter periphetnh

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Depending on your business, at a minimum you will need a printer to make

hard copies of documents, presentations, brochures, and the like. Low-end
inkjet printers, costing as little as SSO,
and sometimes bundled with a new PC,
are the most economical option for a
home worker. If your business calls for
you to print large volumes quickly, you
should invest in a laser printer, which
oilers lower cost per page for black and
white output. If you need colour, inkjets
are less expensive, with colour laser
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Ifyou use the Internetas

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as Symantec's Norton
Internet Security 2002 is

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Multifunction devices, which combine Esx, photocopy. scanning and printing functions are worth considering if
you need some of these features and
don't have the space for or budget to
purchase several standalone devices.
Multifunction units are typically built
around either a colour inkjcs printer or a
laser printer. Inkjet-based models will
allow you to print documents in colour
or to make colour copies, but they are
slow and the onsumables (ink cartridges) more expensive, compared to
devices built with laser printer technology. If your business involves receiving
lots of sixes, consider a laser-based multifunction device or standalone fax
Coutiutuul on page 22

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~ WOR K IN G A T H O M E ~

A room of one'sown
Continued om a e 18
machine over an inkjet-based one.

Backup
Ensure that you have the capability to
make copies of all important computer
files, and that you backup data regularly
and store the backup copy in a safe place.
A CD burner will allow you to copy
approximatel
y 700 MB of data on each
disc. Most will record to both write-once
(CD-R) an d r e writable ( C D-RW)
media.
The ffrst generations of recordable
DVD drives are now available. These will
record 4 GB ormore onto recordable
DVD media. Presently there are two
write-once (DVD-R and DVD+R) and
three write-many (DVD-RAM, DVDRW, and DVD+RW) specifications, so
deciding which to buy into will require
some study. (See "The big shiny burn" in
the February issue of TCP for a full discussion of the state of recordable DVD.)

Local and longdishtnm phoneservice

If you do voice or fax business across the
country, you can generally get an unlimited flat rate for long distance service.
Many of these business plans also offer a
toll-&ee number. Having a 1-800 or similar number mn make your small business look big, but remember that toll&ac means a free call for your clientyou still have to pay for its use.

Inlemet sendceIor Ihe homeoNce

The Internet has greatly increased the
usefulness of personal computers, olrering any small business vast power to
c ommunicate, market, sell, and do
research around the world. High bandwidth DSL or cable modem service is

extremely popular in Canadian homes,

and high-speed Internet (500 Kbps to 2
Mbps) has many advantages for the
home worker, including much faster
Web searching,and speedier upload and
download of files. Also, if you have a
home network, you can share DSL or
cable modem service across two or more
PCs.
Be aware, though, that if you begin to
use a consumer Internet service for
heavy duty, business tasks, you may run
into problems. For example, il you
decide to do large scale emailing kom a
home Internet account, your service
provider may notice the rise in traffic
above your account's limit and press you
to subscribe to a more expensive highspeed business service.
As weg, both of the major high-speed
service categories Telus's Velocity and
Bell Canada's Sympatico DSL services
and cable modem servicesfrom Rogers,
Shaw. and Cogeco have offered some
bumpy rides to subscribers in recent
years, with slow installation, service outages, and strange and shifting corporate

policies (such as not supporting popular

browser programs, or rejecting mass
emaiTings of more than 30 messages at a
time, or wiping out email archives).
Rogers, for example. recently required
all its subscribers to abandon their existing email boxes and mail archives, and
move to a new email system. Sympatico
has cut back its download speed in some
areas kom 1 Mbps to about 280Kbps a
nearly three-quarters reduction.
The spouse of one of our editors
switched from Sympatico HSE to a highspeed business Internet service for her
home offi
ce,and found the connection
speed. email capacity, and the overall
service, inc)uding technical support, was

superior. However, the phone company

would only instaff the high-speed business service on a business telephone line,
which meant switching one of the two
residential phone hnes to a business line.
The cost for the business high-speed
service and the business phone line, at
approximately $120 per month, is more
than double the residential equivalents
(Sympatico HSE and a second residential

or for when you are travelling away &om

thehome. Sympatico offersa freeroaming email service to its hi@-speed DSL
customers, and it is always a good idea to
maintain an email account that can be
accessed easily from any Internet-connected device. Hotmail is probably the
most popular email service, and virtually any library, school, or cyber cafe offers
easy access to email in a pinch.

Be aware,though,thatif
you begin to use a consumer Internet service for
heavy duty business tasks,
you may run into problems.
For example, if you decide
to do large scale emailing
from a home Internet
account, your service
provider may notice the rise
in traffic above your
account's limit and press
youto subscribeto a more
expensive high-speed busi-

Dot<em presence

ness service.
line). However, the improvement in
service speed and service availability is
well worth the extra cost for this person.
Many home workers live or die on
their Internet connection. You should
always have a back up plan for when
your home Internet service goes down,

Registering a domain name and hiring a

service provider to host your own Web
site is quite alrordable these days. One
person we know is paying $29.95 a
month fora "standard" hosting package,
which includes 75 MB of Web storage
space and 10 email accounts and the
offer included &ee domain registration
for one year.Basic packages are often
available for half that.
This package also includes online Web
tools that allow you to build a simple
Web site.
What are the beneffts of having your
own domain? It allows you to have a simpler and more professional sounding
Web site address: www.mybusiness.mm
instead of something like www.serviceprovider.corn/users-rnyname/myweb.
Ditto f o r yo u r em ai l a d dress:
meComybusiness.corn.
If you intend to use aWeb site as a central tool for your business, going beyond
its function as an electronic brochure or
resume ofyour services,you may quickly outgrow the space that's provided as
part of an Internet service plan, or there
may be functionality you want to buffd
in that the service contract prevents.
With your own domain, you can start
modestly, but expand as yow budget and
ambition dictate. L2

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x WOR K IN G A T H O M E n

PC MacLAN: Mac-Windows detente

You' re not sure how it happened, but here you are, with a Mac and a PC
under the same roof. And now you want to network them.
By DavidTanaka
ross-platform
co mpatibi)ity
between Windows PCs and Macs
has improved over the years, with
many major software vendors (Adobe,
Corel, FileMaker, Macromedia, and
Microsoft, for example) olFering comparable applications for both platforms.
This allows a file created on a Windows
m achineto be opened, edited. and saved
on a Mac, and vice versa It's still not an
entirely transparent process, however,
with issues like filename structure, directory structure, native character set, and
colour palette difierences often throwing
small obstacles into the path of crussplatform computing.

ts ~

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From:Miramar Systems
wwwmirsmarcom
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MsctAN file sever interlace (sbove). PCfiles

viewed an aMac(above, right), and Nlsc
fi
lesonMewed aWindows PC (dghg.

PC figatLAM

wn

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our cross-platform project

beganwhenwe decided to
replacetheWindows 98 PC

rwx n x x w
wxnxxx

with an iNiac.

I wrxw)

This is why it might make sense to

have both a Mac and a Windows
machine in your home office. If you
work or hope to work in the graphic
arts, for example. you' ll find that industry heavily favours the Mac. On the other

and the simplest way of handling a file if

a given application doesn't exist on the
other platform.
Connecting Macs and PCs into a small
network otrers a couple of conveniences.
It simplifies file sharing (the venerable

hand, general business computing is

sneaker net method of file transFer is

more often done on Windows PCs.

If yow work involves handling ffies
sent to you from outside dients, opening
Mac-generated files on a Mac and
Windows-generated files in Windows
often ensures the smoothest workfiow-

harder with newer Macs, since they don't

come standard with a fioppy drive), and
maximizes use of a single resource like a
printer. But creating a peer-to-peer LAN
with mixed systems is not as simple as
just plugging the Mac and the PC into

Onnr n Pr l~

the same network hub. You'U need

another piece of software that allows
them to communicate with each other.
Faced with this situation in our home
oflice, we derided to put Miramar's PC
MacLAN through its paces. PC MacLAN
installs on Windows and allows thetwo
platforms to interact in a peer-to-peer
environment. (Separate 90/Me and
NT/2000 versions are available; we tried
the latter. Also according to the company, the latest version works with
Windows XP and Apple OS X.)

Our existing home office network

consists of three personal computers: the
main desktop unit and a notebook (both
running Windows 2000), and an older
PC running Windows 98. The two desktop PCs are plugged into a hub, whichis
connected to high-speed Internet service
through an Internet sharing device. A
wireless 802.11b access point is also
plugged into one of the hub's ports, giving the notebook roaming network and
Internet accent. Our cross-platform project began when we decided to replace the
Windows 9fi PC with an iMac.

'

ln this particular situation one Mac

and more than one PC we might have
been better ofF with a product called
Dave. PC MacLAN comes asa single user
or a more expensive multi-user licence,
which you would need for multiple PCs.
While we have not tried Dave. it achieves
a similar end, but installs on the Mac, not
the PC. However. we were not that concerned about accessing the Mac from the
notebook, so in effect, we were dealing
with one PC and one Mac.
The initial step was a simple physical
task unplug afi the cables from the retiring PC system, move it out of the way,
Continued on page26

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e WOR K I N G

AT HO M E N

PC MatLAit: Mac-NadeuaddISBIS
Continuedfrom page 24
slide the iMac into place, and plug aB the
iMac cables bL Since the iMac has built-

in Ethernet, once it was plugged into the

hub, we had Internet access. However,
the Mac remained invisible to the PC

and likewise, the PC wasbidden kom it.

Time for PC MacLAN.

allows your PC to access a Mac network,

or in our case, the single iMac on the
LAN. The Pile Server and Print Server
portions create servers on the host PC,
agowingthe Mac to accessshared directories or to use a shared printer.
The software instaged easily, and the

Windows and Macintosh network set-

user manual offers step-by-step directions on how to set up and configure the

appears when you click the Entire

Documents called Transfer as the shared

folder. Once this was done, we went to

Network icon. Burrowing down will

eventuagyrevealthe iMac, and any Mac
folder
syou have setto be shared.

the Mac Chooser and clicked on the

AppieTalk icon. Here the PC appeared,
and when we selected it, we expectedto

PileServer: Once the software is

instaged, the file services are loaded at

have access to the Transfer folder. Oops,

not quite. You have to Erst register users

v arious c omponents. H owever, i t

PC MacLAN consists of three main

components: Client, File Server and
Print Server. The Client component

assumes that you know your way atound

the network settings panels, so you

should have a basic familiarity with

tltlgS.

K MatLMt 5Mtdcas
PC 80 Mac CSenu In the Windows 2000

My Network Places folder, a new network called Miramar AppleTalk Network

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< WOR K IN G A T H O M E w
and passwords in the MacLAN File
Server control panel turning sharing
on in Windows alone isn't enough. We
simply used the same username and
password for Windows login, and we
were in business.
Print aervlcem We have a PostScript
inkjet printer connected to the PC's parallel port, and we expected that setting it
up would be relatively straightforward,
since it came with both Windows and
Mac drivers. And that was the case.
Using the MacLAN Print Server control
panel on the PC, we set up the inkjet as a
shared printer. Again simply sharing the
printer under Windows isn't sufficient;
the share has to be established in the
MacLAN Print Server control panel.
This was simple enough, and once done,
we could access the printer I'rom the
Mac's Chooser.

Olheroplons
PC MacLAN includes a few utilities that
make it easier to work with files on both

systems. A file-extension mapping utility

sets the proper icon to a PC file so it can
be viewed and launched on the Mac.
Going in the other direction, a utility
called PC Migrator attaches the correct
PC file etuensions to a Mac file. Another
utility called MacOpener from developer
DataViz allows the PC to read Mac-formatted diskettes, CDs, etc.

ln use
We found PC MacLAN installed without
a hitch. Once we clued into the fact that
sharing had to be established in the PC
MacLAN control panels rather than just
using native Windows, sharing folders
and printers was a breeze.
On the Mac, we double-clicked Word,
Excel, and Photoshop files that had been
created in Windows and all opened, even
though our Mac applications were one
generation behind (Microsoft Office
2000 vs. 98, and Photoshop 6.0 vs. 5.5).
At more than $300, this is not an inexpensive solution, but it is a simple-to-use
and elegant one.C)

HACK ATTACKS

r~ ClSSP'
PCmd

II,

Knterprise ~~w. ~
JavIBeils LIy~dy

Toolkit

Wantyour Mac to talk PC?

Call Oave

Sy Alan Zistnan

file or printer sharing enabled will show

Timely. Practica1. Reliable.

up in the Mac Chooser, just like a native-

fyou have a mix ofMac and Windows

computer
s at home or at work, there

Mac Appleshare system. Double-clicking

area lot ofadvantages to being able

to connectthem with a network, shari
ng
files and printers.

the server name lets you select a shared

printer or folder. which will appear on the
Apple Desktop, ready to use.
(SharedWindows systems do notappear
in OS 9's Network Browser, but can be

Save 3.1

accessed from a Dave icon thatis installed

From:ThuisbySoftware
www.thursby.cor
n
Requires:MacOS8.6- 9.2 or 10.1
Eslimstedprice: $225,$140(upgrade)

in the Apple Menu).

Unlike similar-sounding products like
Connecti
x's DoubleTalk and Thursby's own
MacSoHo, Dave gives Macowners the
option to allow their Mac to share its files
and printers across the Windowsnetwork.
Withthis option set,the Nac appears in
the Windows systems' Network

Where PCMacLAN lets Windows systems

connectto an exisfi
ing Mac Appletalk network,Thursby Software's Dave takes the
opposit
etack.Itgives Macsthe ability to
take full part in a Windows network.
As such,it doesn'trequire any changes
to your Windows systems; all software is

addedto the Macs.Assuming you already

havea Windows networkin p(ace,a quick
installation and answering a faw questions in a setup wizard is all it takes to
enabl
e yourNac to join the club.
Afterrestarting, any Windows PC with

Neighbor
hoods,just as if it was another
Windows computer.
The new Dave 3.1 adds native OS 10.1
support older versions do not work with
OS Xat all,noteven in thatoperating sys-

tem'sC(assic mode.OS 10.1includes basic

SMB (Samba) networking support, allowing Macsto connectto Windows networking,but that supportis pretty bareboned;

'Excluding collegetextbooks
i

1 ss

I '

I I

Continued an page 28
wwwmwsduompulescam THECOMPUTERPAPER GREATERTORONTOEDITION MARCH 2002 27

w W OR K I N G

AT HO M E

Want ynnr Mac ln talkPCT

Serving your home

Continuedfrom page 27
users need to type in a command-line like

'smb://server name/share name' in the

OS X Finder's Connect To Server dialogue
box assuming they know the server
name and share name.
Dave simplifies this by letting OS X
usersbrowse the Windows network. As
well, unlike the basic OSXcapability, they
can connectto more than one Windows
share at a time. As with the OS9 version,
Dave users can also set their Macs to

office needs
Client-server computing sounds high-end,
but you might want to try this at home

share files and printers with the Windows

users.
Unlike the OS 9 version, the OS Xversionof Dave cannotconnect to Windows
PostScript printers (Thursby claims to be
working to add this capability). OS X
users
, however, can share select inkjet
prin
tersconnected to theirMacacrossthe
network.
Bottom-line: If you' re adding a single
PC to an exist
ing Mac network, PC
Mac(AN isthe way to go. But ifyou're

resource ofFers additional fiexibility in

how you work For one thing, with a 6)e

printer services; and 6rewall protection.

If you really know what you' re doing,

and print server, you don't have to have

all the workstations on or even plugged

you can bui1d a senrer PC and con6gure

don't feel up to the task, there are a num-

single resources like a printer, and some

measure of data security (using each

into the network in order to transfer files

around, or to use a single resource like a
printer.

computer as a backup system for the

Some ofthe benefi

tsofhaving a sepa-

other). This can be accomplished by a

rate computer as a dedicated server

indude Web serving (host your very
own Web site domain); mail serving
(run your own mail server and internal
messaging); 6le management (store
shared 6les at a common location);

f you have more than a couple of

computers in your home office, it

makes sense to n etwork t hem

together. Among the advantages this
offers are easier access to 6lcs, sharing of

version available for download at the

peer-t
o-peer network, but ifyour needs
are a bit more involved, why not onsider a dedicated server?
Because servers are typically left run-

company's Website. Ci

ning 24 hours a day, this always-on

addinga single Mac to a Windows network, Dave is your best bet. There's a trial

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it to your own specifications. But, if you

ber of pre-configured server appliances
available for those who want to set up a
senrer without the hassles of doing it all
Oum scratch. These new appliances have

almost everything you need already

onboard,and they can be set up fairly
quicldy, even if you only have a minimum of networking knowledge.
Continued on page 30

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wwwranadacompules.ram THECOMPUIERPAPER GREATERIOROHIO EDITION MARCH2002 28

< WOR K I N G A T

HOME w
versed in the world of networking may
take a bit longer to get the network set up
(it's always better to take your time and
get it right), but those who know this
stulf inside and out wiII find the setup a
breeze.
The 6rst thing you' ll notice about the
Aries is its size: at 17.2x10.9x14.7 cm,

Smbhg your homeoNce needs

Continuedfrompage28

One such solution is Celestix' Aries

server appliance.

Cehslx Arhs
From:CelesbzNetworks, Inc

wwwcelesbxmm

(6.7x4.3x5.8 in.) it's exceptionally small

compared to what we typically think of

Esbmste
d price:51,500(converi
ed from USS999)
According to the Aries literature, Celestix

with a server. Despite the size. it has a ton

of connectors on the back, including

says you can have a "fully functional

ports for VGA, keyboard, audio, parallel,

server ready to run in as little as 15 minutes." In our test, we found that daim
was not Far &om the truth. Out of the
box, the Aries is a friendly little device,
preloaded with Linux, and containing
much of what you need to create a small
network Those of us who aren't as well-

and serial. It also indudes two 10/100

Ethernet and two USB ports, along with
two PC Card slots. The &ont of the Aries
has a multi-line LCD window with a

menu for configuring the device.

Insidethe box you have a 300 MHz

alt suns m

o on r

Ng
Astronomers in Hawaii have discovered a brown dwarf orbiting a sun-fike star. It,
isthe dosest objectorbiting a staroutside oursolarsystem to have been seen direcbI
ly. A brown dwarf is a failed star that is much more massive than a pLanet. For decades
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already taken!
com/2000/0400issuqf0400bssri
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10 GB or 20 GB on a notebook-sized
hard drive. Though Ethernet ports are
built into the Aries, the PC Card slots on
the lmck can be usedto add wireless LAN
functionality.
Setting up the Airies is fairly easy. If
you' re connecting it to just one PC, you

can get by with a crossover Ethernet

cable. If you have a number of computers, you' ll want to use a hub and straight
cables. We hooked the Aries to a note-

book computer through a hub, and con-

use.
The Aries can be used as a network
drive by machines on the network we
mapped it as a network drive with just a

couple of dicks and started saving data

to it immediately. The server can also be
set up with user-speci6c shares through
the administrator's Web interface. If you
hook a printer to the parallel port you
can also use the Aries as a print server.

This is where you also set up yow

Internet connection, including firewall
functionality. Just by ticking off a couple
of radio selections and checkbtmm, you

nected the Aries directly to our company

network using the Aries' other Ethernet

can allow or block all types of traffic, and

port (for a home installation, this is the

both &om the inside or the outside of the

one you would connect to your DSL or

cable modem t o s hare high-speed

network
Because the Aries uses Linux as its
operating system, those familiar with
Linux can configure the device to their
heart's content to add extra functionality. Most users shouldn't have to crawl
amund in the guts of the operating system, though, because most everything is
easily accessible through the Web interface, and it's quite simple to use.C2

access).
After we hooked everything up, we
used the notebook to "surf the box." The
Aries configuration menus use a Web
interface. and are accessed by typing the
server's Web address into a browser. This
takes you to the configuration Web
pages, where you can set up various serv-

set up exceptions like telnet, PTP, etc.,

AMSTERDAM,Netherlands In an effbrt to

Directive that declared contracts legal

encourage use of e-signatures in industry,

whensent by email,as long as they con-

the German federal government said it will

require 200,000 of its workers to use digital signatures when signing government

tain digital signatures.

The Minisuy hr Economics is hoping
the move will enable citizens to conduct
much oftheir business with government
offi
ces overthe Internet,now that a dig-

cootiets.
The measure will include government
contract
s that can be camed out online,
acording to a regulation passed into law
by the gundeskabinettin January.

' s

ices, con6gure settings and choose a

password to secure it &um unauthorized

Germany mandates
e-signatureuse in contracts

00

Geode GX1 processor to power the system. Depending on which model you
get, the Aries comes with either 64 or 128
MB of PC100 SDRAM. Storage is either

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It is not clear from the regulation's text

which technology the government will

The move is the first step in a program

employ, although the law doescall for the

calledBundfinline 2005, named afterthe

year in which the German government

implementation of standards proscribed in

the European Commission's directive.
More than 200,000 federalemployees

intends,as much as possible,to make its

operations "transparent and accessible."
"This is an important poiiticai signal,
and one which should have signifi
cant
effect," said Uirich Gasper, a lawyer specializing in information technology in
Cologne. "As the gover
nmentadoptse-signatur
es,we can expect industry to do the
same."
There is nolonger any legal obstacle to

ital signature is considered legally valid.

using digital signatures fn either Germany

or the rest of Europe. In 1997, Germany

will begin using the technology by 2005,

according to government figures.
Warner Hillier, Germany's Minister for
Economics
,said the move follows a study
conductedby the accounting fi
rm KPMG
(wwwkpmgde) for the ministry Last year.
The minister said the government would
inance the research necessary to cmate a
f
single standard for electronic signatures,
working from technologies available
today.

implemented a European Commission

Newsbytes

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wwwxsnsds(omputss(om )HE COMP(/IER)trpss GREATER1000NIO EDITION MARCH2002 01

< NEW !L N OTABLE w

Annual Net traffic growth still tripling

SAN JOSFCalif. Neither a weakening
economy nor the events of and following Sept. 11 has done anything to stunt
the growth o f t r af6c crossing the
Internet, according to a veteran networking scientist who also is one of the
Internet's original architects. TraSc continues to triple each year, he said.
However, Larry Roberts, a networking
pioneer who now is chief technology
officer for San Jose, Calif.-based Caspian
N etworks (wwnsspian.com) said t h e
growth rate won't last forever. At the end
of thedecade, when a traSc volume
slowdown finaBy arrives, he predicts
there will be a big shakeup in the
Internet service provider (ISP) market.

Robert
snotedthatgrowth
slowsin Decemberandthe
summermonths, which he
sai
disevidencethatmost
Internet traffic is corporate.
In January, the former Advanced
Research Projects Agency oScial, who
32 years ago was project coordinator
overseeing creation of the ARPANET
(the Internet's direct ancestor), released
findings of detailed research cuged from
two years of measuring Internet tra8ic
flowing thmugh the 20 largest U.S. ISP
networks and trunk lines.
Despite reports that the Internet has

e
04$ $

been shrinking, Roberts said that the

Internet has instead steadily tripled in
size each year since it became commerdalized in the mid-1990s. Growth actu-

is a direct connection between revenue

and trafiic.
Results of a Harris Poll, released in
November, indicated that the Internet's

ally quadrupled during the 6rst year of

population had 6naay stabilized al'ter

his research. between April 2000 and

April 2001, Roberts said, but that now
appears to be an anomaly.
Roberts noted that growth atuagy
fluctuates from m onth t o m o nth,
though it inevitably evens out by tripling
in size over the course of the year. For
instance, growth normally slows in
December and the summer months.
which he said is evidence that most
Internet traSc is corporate. In 2001,
Buctuations were complicated by a wave
of bankruptcies at carriers like 360
Networks, PSINet, and ExciteAtHome,
which also affected Net traSc growth,
Roberts said.
"A couple of t h e networks have
become bankrupt, but then continued to
operate," Roberts said. "The effect is
[that[ they Batten out their growth and
shed some traSc to other networks, but
basically continue operating. And they
are continuing to operate on that basis."
Some vendors and analysts have suggested recently that the Internet's growth
is slowing. But Roberts said this is
because they are confusing actual tramc
growth with speulation about the
caparity of carrier networks. He also said
some reports have confused faaing ISP
revenues with a reversal of their traSc
gmwth, or they incorrectly assume there

years of steady growth. Roberts did not

counter that assertion, saying at the time
that it is possible for traffic overall to
continue tripling even if fewer people
are logged on. That's because the vast
majority of traSc is corporate, involving
much more data than most residential
users ever send or receive. And corporate
traSc has continued to grow steadily,
Roberts said,
Because of the Internet's mid-1990s
commercialization, Roberts said, he has
been stymied in the past in his attempts
to track its growth. "I had the problem of
looking at the tail or the neck or the
trunk of the elephant, and basically I
couldn't operate that way." he said. "So I
had to try to 6nd out what was really

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details about any of the carriers individuaay. But he said he now has accurate
data about the Internet's growth, at least
within the U.S.
"From this we can put together what
the actual traSc on the whole Internet is
in the U.S.," Roberts said today. "It will
take some additional time to 6gure out
what's going on in the rest of the world
because it's much more complex. Most
of the traSc comes through the U.S., in
any case."
Eventually, Roberts said, those who
say the Internet's growth is slowing will
prove correct. He is projecting that the
rate of growth wiB slow to 2.5 times
annually in the next few years, then slow
even further to a growth factor of 1.5

happening overalL"

times annually by 2010.

It wasn't always so hard. Between 1969

and 1995, the U.S. government which
controlled an d f u nded t h e e arly
Internet also monitored its growth.
"We were able to have good data from
the government," Roberts said. "After
that it went commercial and everyone
kept their tra%c secret, and each of the
backbone arriers was not willing to disclose their information."
However, Roberts and his team of
researchers began obtaining non-disclosure agreements with the top 20 Internet

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"It's very important to note that

growth at the end [of the decade),"
Roberts said. "The reduction is going to
be important in terms of how the industry consolidates."
He said this is because of Moore's
Law the theory that computer-chip
capaity doubles every 18 months.
Unexpectedly, he said, Internet traffic's
growth is outpacing the theory. and
Roberts said carriers rely on Moore's
Continued onpage 34

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OverallWeb site defacements

rose in 2001, reports Mi29
LONDON, EnglandThe latest figures
from Mi2g (www.Mi28.corn) show that Web

220 percentto 413 defacements during

sitedefacements increased around the

due to political attacks on Israeli sites.

The upward trend was reversed brieRy

afterSept. 11, the consultancy reported

D.K. Matai said the reasonfor

therisingnumbersofdefaced
Websitesisthatpeople now
taketo the Internet,rather
thanthe streets,to lodge
their protests.

lastweek. Mi2g said Jan. 3 that 815 Web

percent increasefrom nine in 2000 to

43 in 2001.

the year which Mi2g says is probably

world during 2001, despite a brief dropoff in site attacks in the weeks after
Sept. 11.
The information technology security
group says that .corn domains accounted
for almost 30 percent (8,736) of all Web

site derncements (30,388), during the

year.

sitedefacements from 181 to 248 during the year, while.mil domains saw a 128
percent increase in defacements during

the sameperiod.
Similar increases were seen in the .il

domain name groups during 2001 up

site defa cernents occurred during

September,down fi
rom the year's monthly
high of 3,853 in May. However, defacementssoared to 2,700 in October, fell

backto 1,632 in November and rose again

to 3,038 during December.

Mi2g says intellectual chailenge, dis-

activities were the main reasons cited for

theWeb site attacks.

since 1996, using a combination of con-

DDC Matai, Mi2g's chairman, said the

reason for the rising numbers of defaced

sult
ants scanning the Web and talking

include 250 sites, while Pakistan's .pk

domain defacements increased 300 percentto 82 during the year.
Even worse was the increase in site
defacementson sites within the .gov.uk
top-level domain, where Mi2g saw a 378

Websites is that people now take to the

gruntled employees, politics including

ideological differencesand criminal

In India and Pakistan, the numbers of

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with information drawn continuously from

eignt
y ofthe state isbeing challenged by

www.canadacomt3cdexs.corn
A

withIT security professionals about security issues.

The iirm also administers its own site

Interne, rather than the streets, to lodge

theirprotests.
"What we are seeing is that the sover-

Canada Computer
INTEL NOIRE

Based on his firm's research, Matai sees

the Web site defacement probiem getting
worse during the next year. Global Web
site defacements, he said, are indicative,
of the general conflicts prevalent in the
world at large.
"2002 may be a year in which political-"
ly motivated attacks, both physical and

sit
e defacementsincreased by even higher percent
ages-India's .in domain
defacements rose by 205 percent to

domain names were China's .cn and

experienced a 37 percent increase in Web

use anonymous Internet servers to hide

behind to stage their site attacks.

electronic, could complement sbikes from

disgruntled employees and organized
crime," he said.
Mi2g says it been compiling its research

The next most frequent(y defaced site

Taiwan's.tw, which together accounted
for2,653 Web site defacements,oralmost
ninepercent of the globaltotaL
Mi2g'sreport adds that .gov domains

said, adding that Web users increasingly

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Half-point

Value-added volts

tweak for

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pcAnywh ere

coming from your

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saw
W
T
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with a UPS...
your computers

By leffEvans

will thank you

(Setting: It is a dark and stormy night.
The camera zooms in on a house. and
focuses on rhe only lit window. Zooming
in through the window, we see a home
office.A person airs in front of a PC, typing away. It is late,and thereis a messof
paperwork on and around the desk.A cup
of cold coffeesits beside rhe keyboard. Our
Protagonisr grabs the cup, chugs back a
mouthful, thenputsthe cupdown with a
look of disgust.)
Our Protagonist: B!eah! This is the last

time I stay up this late to work on my

accounts. Ir's been I2 hours fofingerbreaking typing, but at least I'm nearly
doue.
(A flash of lightning ourside, fo))owed
by aclap of thunder.)
Our Protagonist: Clad I'm inside ond
not coming homefrom work.

(Another flash of lightning, at which

point all the lights go out. The PC powers
down, too, ar which point Our Protagonist
realizes rhar. Nh..., none of his work has
been savedfor a few hours.)
Our Prot
agonist:Noooooooooooooooo!

Both Eurocom (www

.eurocom.ca) and

pcAnytnhwe T05

-Jk

From:SymantecCorp.
wwwsymanteccom

Minimumsystem
requvements(host): WindowsXP/2000/NT, 233
MHT, 64 MnRAM.

Eurocom, Impaq bridge CPU generations

Impaq
(www.inotecanada.corn) h av e
announced new n otebooks with
Pentium 4 processors with speeds of up
to 2.2 GHz, and both sent us units to
review. These new notebooks use astandard 478-pin desktop Pentium 4 and
special cooling to prevent the notebooks
from overheating(if you look at the
upperleftofthe keyboard, you can see
one of the vents around the heatsink,

security features. j pCAnyiglpere

Continued onpage 46

hit the ground running

hough Intel's mobile Pentium 4

he latest version of pcAnywhere,

arguably the most p opular
remote control software program
for Windows PCs, boasts alarge number
of new or improved features. As indicated by the ".5" increment of this version,
pcAnywhere I0.5 is not a complete
reworking of the application, but rather
a large interim upgrade, with an emphasis on enhanced

Pentium 4 notebooks

isn't scheduled to be officially

released until March, that hasn't
stopped a pair of Canadian companies
from releasing Pentium 4-based notebooks. The catch: both notebooks useof
a desktop Pentium 4 processor.

Venerable remote control

application improvessecurity,
customization, file transfer

allowing airflow to dissipate the heat

very efgciently). The notebooks use an
Intel 845-chipset motherboard, and
team it up with SDRAM.

atra MonteCststn
From:EurocomCorp.
Tek877-3874266.www.eurocom.ca
Price;53,0T9(astested)
Continued on page44

Pros:Vwypowerful, fleuble remote control software.Allowsadministrator to control a PCor a

sever from adistance. Excellent for troubleshooting andsupporting computer remotely.Version
T0.5is easierto install, more secure, andfaster in
sofar operaaons.
Cons:Somewhat complex for a novice, well suited
to companieswith IT speoalists, or small businesses with at feastonecomputer<dept personto

take onthe taskof l earningthisapplication.

Among the new features are mandator y password protection, which is
designed to consistently prevent unauthorized users from accessing a
pcAnywhere host computer (the appliContinued onpage 43

www.canadammpules.mm THECOMPUTERPAPER ORF

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< HANDS O N h

Peofium4 solehooh.
Continued opn a e 4 0

Eurocom's new notebook is known as

the 8170 Monte Cristo. As with other
Eurocom products, customers can configure their own system. They have the
option of a Pentium 4 processor from 1.6
GHz to 2.2 GH z (using the new
Northwood-based Pentium 4). T he
Monte Cristo comes with a 14.1-inch
TPT screen capable of resolutions up to
1,024x768. The notebook can handle up
to I GB of PC133 SDRAM, and users
have a choice of CD-ROM, CD-RW,
DVD, or DVD/CD-RW combo drive.
The floppy drive is external via USB. and
is optional. The internal hard drive is
available in capacities up to 30 GB. ATI's
Mobility Radeon provides the graphics.
Our review model came with a 1.7
GHz Pentium 4, 14.1-inch LCD screen,
and 256 MB SDRAM, teamed up with a
10 GB hard drive and a DVD-ROM. The
base model starts at $2,529, but our specilic configuration costs $3,019.

Price:53,299 (45tesled)
Impaq has dubbed its Pentium 4 notebook the iNote 817. Customers can configure their own notebook, starting with
a Pentium 4 processor at speeds up to 2
GHz, adding a 14-inch or 15-inch LCD
p anel. and from 128 MB to 1 G B
SDRAM. The hard drive is available in 20
GB, 30 GB, or 40 GB capacities, and customers can choose between CD-RW,
DVD-ROM, or a DVD/CD-RW combo
drive. The notebook is a two-spindle

design, with the guppy available only as

an external USB option. The notebook
features ATI Mobility Radeon graphics.
four built-in USB 1.1 ports, one PireWire
port, 10/100 Ethernet, and a 56Kbps
modem.
We had a chance to look at an iNote
817 with a 1.7 GHz Pentium 4, 14-inch
LCD, 512KB RAM, a 20 GB hard drive,
and DVD-ROM drive. This congguration, preloaded with Windows XP Home
Edition. is $3,299.

llew doThey performy

ligule 817
From:lmpsqTechnology ServicesInc
Tek800663.9272. www.inotecsnads.cnm

As you'd expect, dropping a desktop

processor into a mobile system has a few
quirks the performance is likely to be

slightly compromised when compared to

a full desktop setup,if only because of
the smaller and slightly lessagile components, like a mobile hard drive. Despite
this, we found the performance to be
quite good and very responsive. It doesn't perform at the same level as the
newest high end desktops, obviously, but
it's fairly close in a number of ways.
We ran a quick test on the notebooks
using Sisoft's Sandra system information
software. In the CPU Arithmetic section
the Eurocom was capable of 3,354 MIPS
(millions of instructions per seond),
while the Impaq was very close at 3378
MIPS. Compare that to two of Sandra's
reference desktop systems: a 1.6 GHz
Pentium 4 desktop managed 2,950
MIPS, and the 2 GHz Pentium 4 came in
at 3,688 MIPS. In other words, these two
notebooks came in right in between,
which is fairly impressive.

5 m
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sor s
P4 reference
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2 GH2

As you'd expect, those scores drop

when the system is running from the
battery and goes into power conservation mode. When we pulled the plug, the
Impaq system's score dropped to 1,495
MIPS, and the Eurocom checked in at
1,105. The Eurocom battery also lasted a
bit longer, though, which could explain
its slower performance in battery mode:
an increase in power management. With
Windows power management options
disabled, the Eurocom's battery held out
for nearly Dvo and a half hours, while the

Impaq lastedjust under two hours.

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more eificiently. but it is still a bit slug-

Vane a@aNits

occur, aren't ascommon asother power

Continued om a e43

gish, even over a high-speed connection.

Home PC users who are not excited by
the chance to learn a demanding new

Continuedfrom page40

"events" that can put your computer

equipment at risk These indude surges.
spikes and swells (over-voltage conditions; saga, brownouts and dips (undervoltage conditions); and electrical noise.
The level of protection your UPS can

puter novice: it should be installed and

administered by someone with a reasonable amount of computer experience.
and at l east some knowledge of
Windows networking. It seems to be
more reliable when run on the less
crash-prone versions of Windows, such
as 2000, NT, or XP.
As for the speed issue, pcAnywhere
seems to be able to upload and download fiies between host and remote PCs

Ponflnm4 notebooks
Continued om a e4 4
systems get because a lot of earlier notebooks incorporating desktop pmcessors
worked just fine, but generated a ton of
heat. We found both of these models
were actually very cool, even when running on utility power.
In short, these are nice implementations of the Pentium 4 into a mobile format.

Toshiha inlrosPentttttn 4 Satellite

A fewdays afterwe'd completed our pre-

softwarepmgram might consider ahostbased remote control service called

GoToMyPC (wnngotomypc.corn), which

offers a very simple-to-use service for a
fairly modest monthly subscription fee.
If you' re willing to tackle the moderate
learning curve to become proficient with
pcAnywhere. however, it is a great program, and weII worththe price. 0
liminary testing of the Eurocom and
Impaq notebooks, and too late to be
included here, Toshiba of Canada
(aamtoshibn.cn) announced a Pentium 4
notebook of its own: the Satellite 1900OPS. The 1900-OPS uses a 1.6 GHz
Pentium 4 with a 400 MHz front-side
bus. Like other recent Toshiba notebooks, this one departs from the usual
greyor black case, coming in a fi
nish
Toshiba calls electric blue. The unit
includes a CD-RW/DVD combo drive
and a 15-inh TFT screen. Pricing starts
at 92,799. 0

nswerhonestly: how often do you

save your works Even those of us
who do a lot of work on PCs and
consider ourselvescomputer-savvy often
don'thit the Save command anywhere
near enough. I'm oiten one step away

&om disaster, myself, especially closeto

deadline when I'm more worried about
just getting my work done than I am

with savingregularly.
Luckily, there's an easyway to avoid
being shut down when the power goes
oIE the uninterruptible power supply
(UPS). This is a battery backup that
kicks in when your utility power fails,
giving you enough time to save your
work and shut down the computer
gracefully. And, most UPS units these
days can be connected to your PC's serial or USE port and come with automatic shutdown software, so if the UPS
reports a utility power outage. the PC
will initiate an unattended save/shutdown.
That's not the only reason to get a UPS
though. Power outages, while they do

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provide dependson its "topology,"or in

phdn English, the technology it uses to
pmvidepower to connected equipment.
The cheapest and most common type
of UPS is known as a standby model. It
charges its internal battery while the utility power is on, and the computer
remains on utility power until it fails. at
which point the UPS switches to battery

power.
There is a very short gap between
power outage and the battery kicking in.
Usuafiy it is so short that the computer
never knows the power went out, though
there is still the possibility of the computer seizing up from time to time. This
switching also puts a strain on the battery if you have a lot ofpower events
that require switching to the battery,
you*ll probably want to step up to the
next leveL Standby models typically
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ogy is more expensive, and most online

Continuedfrom page 46

UPS models cost too much to make

them attractive for the home o(Rce,
unless uptime is exceptionally important
or the power in your area is extremely
bad.

cover blackouts and surges/spikes, and

sometimes handle saga or compensate
for line noise.
One step up is the line-interactive
UPS. These models feature a bridge
between the utility power and the battery, and allow the battery to provide
extra kkk to the utility power when the
utility is running below the standard
voltage, or to take the excesswhen utility

What theralingsmean
UPS equipment is always rated with two
numbers: VA for volt-amps and W for
watts. VA is a measure of how long the
unit will power a given set of equipment,

power is running too high (this is often

referred to as "buck and boost"). Uneinteractive models handle the same
power events as a standby unit, but also

Even better is the online UPS, which

routes all power through the battery,

computer equipment is always running

o(f the battery, there are no gapa or
power events to worry about, as they' re
handled before they get to the battery.

From:AmericanPower Coarersioa Corp.

The Iesthtg

towbsaery
inset): 4:40
Totalpowerdepletion:725

w
arning(m

graphics card, onboard AC97 audio,

DVD-ROM drive, and a network card.

We consider thissystem asfairly power

The downside iscost: full online tecbnol-

Dirty power

This 350VA (210W) model is a fairly

basic and compact box with six outlets
on the back, half of which feature battery
backup. Two outlets are slightly separated from the others to accommodate the

transformer bricksusedby DC-powered

electronic equipment, and Velcro cable
ties are included to keep everything tidy.
The indusion of protection for either
phone or Ethernet jacks is nice, though
Continued on page50

.:-'ij

Suwlet Short and small increase in

voltage. Can occur when nearby
equipmentlike a refrigeratorswitches off.

NACBach<PS CSSSS
www.spcccom
Edontel price:SB5(mavstedfromU5585)

CRT monitor and a PC containing a 1.4

GHz AMD Atblon processor, a Gigabyte
GA-7DX motherboard, 256 MS DDR
SDRAM, a Leadtek TArinfast GeForce3

tent electrical signal possible. Since your

by and line-interactive UPS units, to

keep the prices reasonably low. We have
models with a range of VA ratings to
show youthe ddferent levelsofperformance you can expect.

unit will support. Higher numbers mean

more capadty in both cases.

consisted of a 17-inch ViewsonicPF-775

providing the deanest and most consis-

should improvesubstantially.
This month we've picked a few stand-

and W is ameasure of howbig aload the

We tested UPS units by connecting a PC

and monitor, turning them on, and then
cutting the power to see how long the
UPS units would run. Our test setup

regrdatesagaand dips. They pmvide the

best compromisebetweenprice and performance.

hungry, and if you use a more modest

system (or a more energy efiirient system for that matter), your runtime

Spike: Vary short period of extreme

over-voltagetypically between 0.5
and 100microseconds.Canbe caused
by a lightning strike.
Swalb An extended period of slight
over-voltage.
Sag:Short andsmall decreasein voltage. Can be causedwhen the hidge
starts back upagain.
Smwnoub An extended period of
slight under-voltage,
Dip: Veryshort under-voltage condition; the inverseof a spike.
Noise: Irregular frequencyshihs in
the power waveform; can be introducedby other equipment on same
line. (IncWdesharmonic distortion.)

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UPS specifications and test results

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APCBack-UPS
CS350

APCBack-UPS
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APCBack-UPS Befkin Regulator

Pro USB700 Pro Gold USB 650VA

350 210

500 325

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650 3 9 0

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Powerware

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31 10600VA
600 400

5115 500VA
500 320

Oflice UPS525VA
525 300

Smartho 500 USB

500 300

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c H A N OS O N

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APCBacks)PS OIIce 500

Continuedfram page49

From:Amerksn PowwCanvas!on Corp.

Extendingyour UPS uptime

www.apccmm
the jack on the back of the UPS for the

Esemsied price:S!59 (umvnied fromUSS!00)

tow batterywa
rning:5:io

Appearing like an oversized power bar,

the 500VA (325W) Back-UPS Ofigcemay

Back-UPS

CS

be the best bet for the home user who

doesn't like the boxy appearance or bulk

M nlen n iu m s p e c i al

2 0 0 0

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Choosing a system with lower power

requirements won't just help your UPS

runtime, it also will lower your electricity
bill!
There is also a simple step you can take
to improve your UPSperformance without
buying new equipment: simply mmove
anynon-essentialdevicesfrom the outlets

canexpect the UPS to keep itrunning.By

switchingfrom our test system to a less
power-hungryPC with 2 GHz Pentium 6
increased our runtime with one of the
500VA UPSes from 9:05 to 26:/15. Even
better
,we managed to getour350VA UPS

thatare backed up by the battery.This

incl
udes modems, speakers, USB huhs,
etc., which can generally all be safely
plugged into the surge-on(y outlets. On
the other hand, if your external hard drive
or zip drive is essential, you should plug

allthe way up to 39:00 by going down to

a 600NHzCeleron system.

itinto a battery-backed outlet.

SeanCanuthe/I

system and flat

-panel monitor, we

w e Sc

G o ld A d v a n c e

processors and the newAthlon XPprocessors are an improvement over their predecessors.

As faras the computeritself goes,the

more eflicient the system, the longer you

al value-priced full-size UPScs, but its

USB cable is the same type of jack,

which could be a bit confusing. The
PowerChute Personal software is compatible with Windows 98, Me, 2000,XP,
and Mac OS 9 or later. Overall, the lower
volt-amp and watt ratings make this a
good choice for a modest workstation.

high end of the spectrum. For example,

both the new Northwood Pentium 6

to 12:35 not quite doubling the runtime,but almost.

of a standard UPS. This one has the same

VA rating as many of the more traditionshape and sizagows it to be placed
behind the desk more easily. It has six
outlets in a row, half of which are backed
up by the battery. One outlet at each end
is separated from the others io accommodate transformer bricks.The wall
plug is angled and the cable sheathing is
molded at right angles to the plug itself
to avoid interference with other outlets
Continued onpage52

Obviously, we' re not suggesting you

downgrade your system to a Celeron, but
keepin mind that some systems consume
morepowerthan others,and even at the

eequipment you plug into your UPS

will affect its runtime. For our runtime tests, we purposely picked a
system that would suck back power.
Obviously, your results will be better if
your system is more energy-eflicfent
Forexample, switching to a Bat-panel
monitor will reduce the load on your UPS.
Just by switching firom a17-inch CRTto a
15-inch flat panel with similar screen size
on our test machine, we improved the
runtime of one UPS from 7:25 (min:sec)

To!a! powerdepletion: 7:45

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amount of electricity. The PowerChute

Personal sohware is compatible with
Windows 98, Me, 2000, XP, and Mac OS
9 or later.

VSIEoeddsdgots
Continuedfrom page50

while maintaining a low proBle against

the walL
One of the nicest things about this
UPS is that it gives you a choice for data
protection, with a set of co-axial connectors i n a d dition t o t h e u sual
p hone/Ethernet combo jack. T h e
PowerChute Personal software is compatible with Windows 98, Me, 2000, XP,
and Mac OS9 or later.

Bslkia Ragakfor Pro Gold IISBBSOVA

From:gekinComponents
www.belhn.corn
Esomsted price:5289(mnverled from U55180)

Lowbslterywa
rning:6:40

Total powerdepletion: 11:20

APCBack-IIPSPro USB700
From:Ameri
canPowerConveisfon Coqz
wwwapcccom
Esbmstedprice: 5289(convelted from U55180)
Low bsltely wamn
nn: t55
Total powerdeplelion: 1155
The bigger sibling of the 500VA model
introduced over a year ago, the 700VA
(410W) model shares all of the earlier
unit's strengths and quirks. Tbe slanted
outlet panel on the top of the UPS not
only makes it a lot more aesthetically
interesting, it also allows you to reorient
the UPS from front-to-back for easier
access to the outlets without obscuring

the status lights. The battery backs up

server of the seven outlets. Velcro cable
ties are included for organizing the
power cords plugged into the UPS. The
wall plug is L-shaped, angled down,
which means you' ll need to plug it into
the lower wall socket to avoid covering
the other outlet.
Oddly, the alarm continued to sound
even after the UPS had ceased providing
power to the connected equipment, but
despite that, it provided a pretty good

Powewars 3110600VA
From: invent)5 PowerSystems
www.powelwslernm
Estimatedprice: 5445(converted fromU55274)

Lowbsaelywarning:iiEO
Touf powerdeplelion: 1350
Belkin's 650VA (390W) Regulator Pro
Gold USB model is one of the more stylish UPSes we' ve seen, with a wedgeshape featuring a slanted outlet panel

8189 scuse 04.

siuuuaiu, lsg SCS
Sum 905-VV13781
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more thanjust monitors

AM oweecteanea4 su ales ceeewuaen-etlaw A aaeMBtv eetieot te eseaae alteeat aetna-Nannaa Ducat N aat aoepaewma Aa esaaosNN

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NEC 20" 2010X
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$500 Sanwuny 15" 151S Ivory
i20G 720apm KOD
3$20 Sanwuny 15" 151S Silver $575 Sony 15" MSI Neuma $$00
$1120 CDMW 24a10140
3 $55 Samsuny 15" 1S1MP 010SO Sony 15w N50
$1050 Sameuny 17" 171S Ivoty 0 1020 Sony 10" M81 anouana 31000 Ku'an GaFoka2 MX.TMI 32MS
32S45
$11$8 Samsung 17" 1715 Silver 31000 Sony 10" Nso
1335 Vieweonic 15" VG150 $507 ukfotue teafna Ke7oaaal
$12SO Samsung 17"1TOT 3
3 20SO Sameuny 17" 170MP 31$00 Viewecnic 1S" VX500 $770
~
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$15$$
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CRT Moaitor

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This power bar-style UPS packs in a lot

of juice, at 600VA (400W). The outlet
conBguration on this version of the
Continued on page54

SOPIIIINI

VGL 980 VVS~O

NEC 15" 1530V

similar to APC's Back-UPS Pro USB line,

but with a few more design embellishments. More important than any style
considerations though, is that it haseight
outlets, half of which feature battery
backup, giving the Regulator the edge
over the rest of this month's units. (It
also comes with a cable management
attachment for the back).
The warranty for the unit is one of the
best available for a workstation-oriented
UPS: a lifetime warranty for the hardware itself, unlimited warranty for
equipment connected to it that mightbe
damagedby surge or power failure,plus
Belkin will cover the costs of data recovery ifUPS fai
lure damages your hard
drive.

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PAPER cAEAISSTORONID EDITIQN anlwrenodacenpuusccm

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wsw.anadacrqxflesfom THE coMPUTERPAPER ciRE/BER TQR0NT0 EDITIQN MARcH 2002 33

< HA ND S O N a

Valuemddedvoss
ContinuedPompage 52
Powerware 3110 is nice too six outlets
an in a row. with one at each end sepa-

VA and W ratings

A standsforvolt-amps, a measure of
the potentialpower the unit can
deliver following a power outage.
Units with a higher VA rating should deliver power longer than units with lower ratingswhen loaded with the same equipment.

takesless powerto opemte.

The W stands for watts, and indicates
what kind of load you can place on the

Lowbatery warning: 4:50

Total powerdqtletion: l050

UPS. Computer equipment varies in its

power usage. For example, a 17-inch CRT
monitor may draw 140W, while a 17-inch
flat-panel may only draw 40W. If you were
to exceed the wattage rating of the UPS
by trying to plug in two CRTmonitors, for
example,you could overload the unit.

The load placed on a UPSis an important variable for real-world performance: a

UPS with a 500VA rating will run longer
with a 15-inch CRT monitor than it will
with a 19-i
nch monitor (assumiag the
larger monitor takes more power to operate), and will run longer still if you switch
the CRT for a flat-panel monitor, which

Estimatedprice: 3485(converted from Uss300)

rated from the others to accommodate a

transformer brick Four of the outlets are
connectedto the battery.The waU connectoris L-shaped, angled down for a
low progle against the waU, but requiring

Laserprinter nano
It's worth noting that plugging a laser
printer into a UPS overloads it almost
instantly. Most UPSmanufacturers tea you
not to do itatag, because you can damage both the UPS and the printer
.
Moreover, if the power fails in the middle
ofa printjob you'U likely Rot any data,as
long as your PC is protected.
Sean Canuthers

it to be plugged into the lower wall outlet to avoid interference.

The UPS features data port protection
with an Ethernet/phone combo jack The
downsides: the shutdown software isn' t
included in the box. Fortunately, it can
be downloaded atno extra charge from
the manufacturer. The Powerware units
are also more expensive than some of the
other UPSes at this capacity level, but
those who trust the Powerware name
may well find the extra investment
worthwhile, esperiany when you take the
long runtime, the gve-year prorated warranty, and the 60-day money-back guarantee into consideration.

The 5115 is a slightly higher-end line,

and this 500VA (320W) is the entry-level
model of that line. It comes with only
four outlets, but an feature banery backup. Like the 3110, the 5115 comes with
data protection (either Ethernet or
phone), and an L-shaped wall plug, this
time pointing upwards instead of down.
With this model, though, you get the ftdl
meal deal: the shutdown software is
Continued on page 69

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E H III: I I E I W I E I, U ' 1 33
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information like other business centres,

as well as providing oflice space and sup-

the home oNce

Continuedfrom page 58

port services in a professional working

merce. financial services, human
resources support, management services.
and sales support.
One of the more useful programs
olfered by the centre is on-site counsehing with business experts. Free advice
is available for simpler cases, but the
counselling sessions t ypically cost
between $75 and $150 an hour. These
one-on-one meetings put an emphasis
on planning seeing what you have to
do now to meet new growth challenges.

"Forward planning is essential for

growth," Wagner says. "That is not to say
you won't make mistakes or something
may suddenly come up and change
everything, but using forward planning
you can make some smart decisions as to
whether to work with an incubator, to
get your own oihce space, or to work
with a tech centre."

Iecebetoreeedpleypees
Incubators have taken a bad rap in the

wakeofthe dot-corn meltdown and the

ongoing economic downturn. Many
small companies and startups were
burned when some of the incubators
themselves went under or worse, simply
lost interest in startups and pulled out,
taking with them the funding and support that the small businesses needed to
survive.
But not every incubator is interested
solely in cashing in on a future IPO
windfall. If you look carefully, you'U find
some that can be very helpful without
requiring you to sign your business away
in the process.
London.
Ont . -based Lon don
Community Smah Business Centre
(waw.ksbc.onro) offers business advice and

environment.
Started in 1986 by the City of London
with the Ontario Ministry of hmnomic
Development and Trade and Towism,
Fanshawe College and the University of
Western Ontario, the ICSBC was initially an incubator for London-based manufacturing startups. By 1998, the LCSBC
had expanded its focus, helping the

many startups that were emerging fmm

the college and university business and
technology programs. The centre began
offering oflice space with high-speed
Internet connections, furnishings, and
access to traditional office services and
supplies, along with a wealth of business
advice through on-site experts and support prograllls.
"The reason people come here is
because of the advice and help," says
David Jackson, general manager and
executivedirector of the LCSBC. "Your

typical startup comes as aspecialist in a

certain fidd. They may be programming
specialists. marketing geniuses, or advertising gurus. but they don't have the
range of skills to grow a business. They
lack the business management and
development skills. The space we rent to
them isjust one resource out of many
that we ofFer them."
Jackson says the centre oifers the kinds
of support and services startups need to

gmw, but it also helps. them keep their

costs under control during this stage of
business growth.
Lorne Ross, executive director of the
Northern Alberta Business Incubator
(www.nabi.cs), in St. Albert, Alta., concurs,
saying that the ultimate reason to work
with a business incubator is to better
control costs and overhead so savings

ofier your small and gmwing businem.

By being with other similar growing

services indude Pfizer Canada, Airwalk

Shoes,Talus, and Bootlegger.
Shane Skiff
en, one of Hotspex's

businesses, you can share information,

and even skills.
C laudia S cia rretta, m anager o f
Toronto-based
TechSpace

founders,says the company had tried

various olhce arrangements, at one point
even setting up shop with a Web company that was doing work for it.
But Skihen decided that TechSpace
was a better way to go because it allowed
the company the kind of flexibility it
needed to grow. Currently, Hotspex has
four employees, but hopes that number
wih grow to 20 by the end of the year.
Having a flexible lease means it can better manage that growth, only moving to
larger oSces when it becomes necessary.
Just as renting physical space can help
manage coat, renting software services
can achieve the same economies.
Application service providers (ASP) can
offer business the kinds of tools they
need without having to invest a lot of
time and money buying and setting up
the applications themselves. ASP offeringscover a spectrum of business needs,
including ofhce productivity suites and
management and sales support solutions,ah ofwhich can be accessed for a
fee through a mmmon Web browser.
Read The Computer Paper's October
2001 article on ASPs (go to wwwcanadacomputesxo, and dick on Publications to
find links to our archived issues).

(www.techspace.corn) offers a real world

example of this kind of networking,
describing how one company in its
oSces was able to use the skills of another company working in the same facility
to help upgrade its Web site.

"We also try to have membership

cocktail parties every quarter for them to
m eet and exchange ideas,
" Sciarretta
adds.
TechSpace is not a traditional incubator. Many of the companies have gone
through the startup phase and are more
established and in a period of sustained
growth. They don't need the kind of
counselling or mentoring services that
many incubators typically offer.
Sciarretta says TechSpace rents its professionahy furnished oSces for three-

month periods. If a company is gmwing

rapidly, it can easily move to a larger
oflice, or conversely, scale down if it hits
a tough period. The cost for an ofhce at
TechSpace is about $800 per person per
month. While the price seems high, it is
comparable to other commercial oSce
rental prices in Toronto. But in addition
to the space, clients have access to services such as an in-house printing shop, IT
support. and even meeting rooms.
The short-term, renewable lease was
one of t h e features that attracted
Hotspex to TechSpace. Hotspex is an
online service that allows consumers to
offerideas and feedback on new prod-

m 44

BBB ~

Advic
efrom someone who'
sbeen Niece
Brad Friesen, managing partner and cofouoder of T o ronto-based Starshot
Ventures (wawstarshotcom). a marketing,
communications. and design firm, says
there are some very simple but important things ah entrepreneurs need to

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feedback on products can sign on with
Hotspex, which designs opinion carnpaigns. Companies that have used its

ps 4s o

IISEQ
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can be put back into the business.

An intangible, but possibly more valuable reason to look at an incubator is for
the potential business contacts it can

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Continuedfrompage58

keep in mind in order to grow.

Having taken his business from a single-person operation he ran kom his
home to a shop employing four people,
Friesen found that leveragin'g his contacts was away to not only generate new
businessbut to tap into skills and services that he could use later on. As an
example, Friesen didwork for a design
Erm that he was later able to call on
when working with other clients who
needed design work
Friesen also suggeststhat any business
owner should become comfortable with
technology. Account management, time
management,and contact management
software are essential businesstools that
can helpyou better manage the company as it grows.
Likewise, hardware projects, such as
setting up a local area network, are not
that daunting using basic networking
kits available in ofnce supply stores.
They do require some learning, but the
payolfs lower IT support costs can
be considerable.
In the end, growing your business
requires patience, but knowing that there
are servicesand support mechanismsout
there should make things a little easier. (2

From:Merlin SoftwareTechnologies

www.m
erlinsohech.com
Estimatedprices:
Model Ca cl Dcence Redunda
Price
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E5160D 160GB 75c(lent RA
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E5240Ra240 GB KDdientRAIDOfl 58,469

E5960R* 960 GB unlimitedRAID0/I/5 521,540

when new models of the EssentialServer

are released).
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Continuedfrom page 6/
The EssentialServer only comes with a
tiny booklet for setup. That should not
b e an obstacle, because the unit is
extremely easy to set up for anyone
who knows anything about networking.
The first time you boot it up, it asks you
to create an Administrator password,
which you type in twice and away you

go.
It then asks for a few networking
numbers (the IP of the box, the netmask. and your gateway). The menus
appearon the LCD screen on the front

of the box, but if you plug a monitor

into the VGA port, the information will
also appear there.
The server runs Debian GNU/Linux,
but it's set up so you' ll never need to use
it if you don't want to get yow hands
dirty with Linux command line. Most of
the configuration can be done using the
keyboard and the LCD screen on the
front of the box. If you are familiar with
Linux command line. you can log directly onto the box, add programs and
more, though Merlin doesn't really recommend customizing your box. If you
can't resist the urge to tinker, don' t
worry: the package includes a restore
CD that will reset the server to its original factory state (but be forewarned it
will also erase all the data you' ve saved to
the hard drive).
At present, the EssentialServer provides storage and backup functionality
only. Because it uses Linux as its OS, you
can install your own email, PTP, or
DHCP server software. Merlin Software
is already looking into these other
options though, and when they become
available as part of Merlin's standard OS
load for the system, present users should
be able to upgrade their EssentialServer
fairly easily and for a fairly modest fee (if
not for free).
Out of the box, our EssentialServer
model was set up with 3 mirrored-drive
RAID configuration, for maximum data
redundancy. If you' re interested in striping the drives instead, you can use the
restore CD to reconfigure the box, but
you should do this right at the beginning

or make sure you back up your files first.

ViSit Ouf Web zi(e TOday!

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because it's a destructive process (i.e.,

any data on the hard drive will be lost).

Rd .

ONC

94

4 10

eramnee R4
YowMo I L AFFOA

The ESBODand ES160D desktop models

ship with RAID 0/I, and the highercapacity ES320D comes with RAID 0/3.
The administrator can set up a num-

Continued on page63
gg MAACH2002 IHECOMPUIERPAPZAGREAT
ERIORONIO EDITION wwwc490dlc0mpulfsmm

< SMALL O F F I C E T E CH NOLOGY w

Raging against the machine

Workers downloading frustrations with computers on IT staffers

ity the poor IT workers. They are.

in the words of IT expert Michael

Evans, the vigage idiots of the corporate world.
"You need a blame hound. You need
somebody to kick," says Evans, manager
of academic computing at Toronto's
Centennial College.
The college is at the forefront of technology training in Canada and Evans
teaches teachers how to use technology
in the dassroom. As such, he has his finger on the pulse of this troubling trend.
"When there are problems the system goes down during an exam, or the
printer isn't working when a student is
printing an essay
front line staff will be
addressed in a pretty surly way. I don' t
think this is unique to Centennial." he

says.
Certainly that's the Ending of extensive research out of the United Kingdom,
where much of the work on IT rage is
being conducted.
A recent Compaq study shows that
three quarters of respondents say their
colleagues who suffer daily problems
with their PCs swear at their monitors
out of Ecustration.
Verbally abusing the PC is not the only

response to IT stress; a quarter of

respondents under 25 years of age have
seen peers kicking their computers. A

tinues to be so bitter about the experience that she declines to name the organization. out of concern that her words

similar number of respondentssaid they

had considered causingdamage to their

might wound former colleagues still

PC by deliberately pulling out its plug.

79 percent of thosesurveyed
said compu
ter Failure was
morestressfulthan lining up
in a bankor bar, and12 percentsaidtheyfound computer failuremorestressful than
beingleft by a partner.
It should come as no surprise then to
learn that the same study shows more
than one in eight workers haveseen their
colleaguesbully the IT department when

The managerwasnot mogiffed.

"I thought, 'I'm just going to nod and
back out of your offfce/ I can't control
the internet, but I really got chewed out,"

saysClemens.

with the agency.

One of her responsibiTities was to
update a monthly listing. Clemens

No one needs to teU Clemens that

Compaq's study found nine out of 10
respondents would not like the IT manager's job and that only seven percent
said their IT manager was given preferential treatment, despite the extremely
stressful nature of the job.
The problem, of course, is that so

remembersthe day her manager called

her into her omce to berate her for not
having updated the list.
"She was very upset. I said click on the
refresh button and I think you' ll see the
updated listings," saysClemens.
But the manager insisted that if she
didn't know how to reiresh the listing,
the organization's clients certainly would
not be able to fagure it out.

many of usBndtechnology stressful.

The authors of a recent study commis-

sioned by U.K.-based ICL put it best

when they called their report IT Day

In response,Clemensleaned over and

fromHell.

gently pointed to the line at the top of

the page where instructions on refreshing the listing were written in large, bold
letters.

ICIa Fujitsu-owned e-businessservices company, found computer glitches

causeenormous amounts of stress.
Continuedon page 64

things gowrong.
Rena Clemens has been at the receiving end of this kind of behaviour more
than once.
Clemens was responsible for network
administration and tech support at a
Toronto social service agency before
quitting in frustration last year. She con-

File sewer in a bux

Continuedfrompage 62
ber of shares for users connected to the
box, whether Windows or Mac OS-based
(in addition to TCP/IP and NetBEUI, the
EssentialServer can also communicate
using Samba and AppleTalk). The system
administrator can set up an application
called PerfectCOPY on individual users'
workstations, and this application will
automatically back up selected directories to the server. AU backup is initiated
on the client side instead of server side,
forgreater security.The EssentialServer
comes with an unlimited licence for
client accessto the box, and a varying size
of licencesfor copies of the PerfectCOPY
client (75, 100, or unlimited).

Rackiinp
Ifyou have a server rack,you may want

Ma

aw

IW

'

to opt for one of the rack-mounted versions instead. These are essentially the
same asthe desktop units,and include
the CD-RW drive and integrated tape
drive. The ES240R model ships with 240
GB hard disk space and RAID 0/1, as
weg as a 100-copy PerfectCOPY Client
licence. If you really want a lot of storage
space, you can opt for the 960 GB
ES960R, which comes with RAID 0/1/5
and an unlimited PerfectCOPY Client
licence.
AU EssentialServer products come
with a two-year warranty. CI

'

www.canadacampunacwm THE
COMPUTERPAPER GREATERTORONTO EomON MARCH2002 6$

o SMALL O F F ICE TECH N O L O G Y

gaging against the machme

nWe don't get a lot of people putting

their briefcases through monitors," says
Centennial's Evans. "We get vandalism
that looks pretty senselesstaking the
ball out of the mouse. To me it's akin to
taking the top ofi' the sugar in a restaurant cl just want to do this.'"
Toronto IT consultant Mychol Scully
says IT rage Canadian-style is less dramatic, but ultimately more damaging.
"There'
sa culturaldBference.We' re in
Canada. We go home and have an ulcer
instead." says Scully, whose company,

Continuedjrom page 63
In fact, 79 percent of those surveyed
said computer failure was more stressful
than lining up in a bank or bar, and !2
percent said they found computer failure
more stressful than being left by a partner.
While in the U.K., that stress might
cause workers to explode in rage. in this
country, some IT experts see this as
extreme behaviour.

Core Design Services, has worked with a

broad range of corporate and social service clients.
Scully says he is more likely to see
clientsreactto IT stress passive-aggressively.
ul have seen people shut down. Not
turning on their computers. They get
frustrated with their computers. They
get frustrated with themselves." he says.
Scully says he has also seen days go by
during which managers avoid their email
and people sit in front of non-functional

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< SMAL L O F FICE TE C H N O L O G Y e

computer out the window, there' ll be a
meeting. If someone simply avoids using
the computer. it can go on and on," says
Scully.
The overriding concern is that IT
stresscomes ata cost.
According to the Compaq study. nearly a quarter of respondents said their
work was interrupted daily due to computer crashes and other IT faults. Two in
Five who suffer daily breakdowns claim
this delay has caused them to miss dead-

lines, while one in ID have felt like bad

mouthing their company to clients as
well as friends because of &ustration
with the ineptness of their K
This is despite the fact that one in six
admit that their PC problems are normally due to their own lack of understanding.
So what's a conscientious
do?
In addition to providing basic technology training, managers have to learn to

em
ployer to

manage expectations.

ommunity

Clemens. now the Web C

coordinator for Women's Health Matters

at Sunnybrook and Women's College
Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, says
her current employer has the ritdlt attitude.
"If there are problems that are out of
our hands, then they' re out of our hands.
My manager is not a geek, but I an sit
down with her and explain the Net's limitations and she accepts it," says Clemens.
Evans would add that employers
should encourage workers to expect the
unexpected when it comes to technolo-

gy

"The prindple we always use is that

technology is not going to work the way
you want it to. We' re just not there yet...
Managing people who use tbe tehnology, that's the solution," says Evans.
He teaches his students that they must
expect the technology to malfunction
and that they should always have a back-

up plan. Your laptop won't run that pivotal PowerPoint presentation? Don' t
shout at your IT manager, instead be
prepared to make your point with an
overhead projector or chalkboard.

B RA M P T O N
C O M P U T ES
a

Scully recomm
ends employers make
IT/business management cross-training
a priority. He says that too often, IT
managers are not managers at ag, but
simply good IT workers who got promoted. The other side of that equation is
that most business managers don't
understand IT and don't take it into

WE

FO ROD
S

account when planning their company's

progress. The solution is to bring the two
areas of expertise together.
And last, and perhaps most importantly, call IT rage by its pmper namebad behaviour.
"You call it IT rage, which externatinm
it... But these are not new behaviours
because of new technology," says Evans.

NG
ae

TITI
O R II

'l2R
HGGGBIOD

In the end, IT rage is simply people

behaving badly. 0

ATXCASES
~'

Palm gives developers Bluetooth tools

SANTA CLARA, Calif. Palm bas starling shipping a set oftoots

to software developers asthe technology industry begins to get

seri
ous about Bluatootb, a standard forshort-distance communication by wireless devices.
Palm, the top handbeld computer maker, released the
Bluetooth Software Developer Kit for its Palm DS Ptauorm in

early January. The tools will encourage software developers to

create Bluatooth-compliant applications for Paba's handheld
devices.
The company envisions the applications will enable Patm
devices to communicate without the need for wires with cell

phones, PCs,printers and local networks.

Paim also said it is collabolaUng with hardware manufacturerslike NortbstarSystems and TDK Systems to provide compatible hardware development kits.

e aoplygze

NearPuwer BRPMP

TDK Systems recently launched a mage of Btuetooth devices,

induding an "instant Btuatooth" kit for the Nokia 6210 GSN
handset, one of the most widely used mobile phones on the
market.
WhileBtuetooth bas not taken off as quickl
y as was fi
rst
expected, major device manufacturers are predicting a flood of
Bluetoothdevicesthisyear.
Recently, Swedish wireless giant Eiicsson said it plans to sell

between five million and six million Btuetooth devices during

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< SMALL OFFICE TECHNO LOGY w

Extracting meaning from numbers

at goes
into
a
wor k sheet is data, what

comes out is information.

This
month, we look at
ways to o r ganize

and display information in Excel.

Turning data into
information requires that it be displayed
in a way that is meaningfid. For example,
data relating to a business's monthly
sales becomes information when organized in month order, allowing you to see
trends. Information on the raw numbers
of product sales becomes meaningful
when ordered numerically: allowing you
to see best sellers and poor sellers.
We' ll look at some features of Excel
that you can use to order and present the
data in your worksheets so users can find
what they are most interested in. The
tools we' ll investigate include sorting
and 6ltering options that you can use to
summarizedata,as we)las some handy
formulas for extracting data from a
worksheet.
The steps outlined in this column are
based on using Excel XP. however most
Exceltools have been around for some
tiine, so the instructions should work
just fine in earlier versions.

Sotfiag Excel data

Sorting data allows you to change its

order so it's easier to read and values are

easier to locate. For example, a list of
sales figures sorted numerically shows
the smallest 6gures at one end of the list
and the largest at the other. You can also
sort data alphabetically so, for example,
it is easier to find a particular name in a
list.
It is always prudent to save your data
before you sort it. In days past, it was
criminafiy easy to sort only one column
of a large table of data, thus rendering
the entire table of data meaningless.
Because this was also before the advent
of Undo options, the resulting mess
could not be undone unless you had
saved the data first. Even with new builtin safety mechanisms in more recent
versions of Excel, it still makes sense to
save your work first.
A second warning before you proceed:
regardless of whether you have saved
your work before you sort your data, be
careful not to save it after you perform
the sort operation until you are satisfied
that you have the results you want.
When you save a file, Excel's Undo list is
reset and you cannot undo the changes
you made prior to saving the file. So,
save before you begin and check your
data carefully before you save again or
you could still be in trouble.
With those warnings out of the way,
here's how to sort your data. Select the
data you want to sort this means you
must select all the data in eachrow of the
table, even if you only want to "sort" one

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Now choose Data, Sort and. from the

Sort By drop-down list, choose the column letter that contains the data you
want to sort. Choose the Ascending or
Descending option and click Sort.
Ascending will sort with the smallest
value (or earliest in the case of dates) at
the top and the larger (or latest in the
case of dates) at the bottom. Descending
order reverses this. If there are blank
cells in a column they' ll be sorted last,
regardless of the ordering you' ve selected. Depending on whether the selected
area includes the Heading row, choose
the correct option in the dialogue before
clicking OK to sort the data.
In some cases, you may want to sort
data based on the contents of more than
one column. For example, in the situation where you have a list of first names
in one column, last names in a second

column, and you want to present the list

in alphabetical order, choose the column
containing the last name as the Sort By
column and the column containing the
first name as the Then By column. Set
both options to Ascending. As a result,
the people will appear in last name order
and, where there are two people with the

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same last name, they' ll appear in order

by 6rst name.

tlshtg a list Io sort

What do you do if you want to sort items

in an order you specify? For example.

you may have a number of people workm g inyour company and you want to
sort your data so lames Smith (your
boss) is f irst, you' re second (Jane
Citizen), followed by your peer Simon
Brand, and finally Meredith Mason,
whom you supervise.
You can sort in this order if you first
create the order as an Excel list. Choose
Tools, Options, Custom Lists, then type
your list of names (one per line) in the
List Entries box (press Enter after typing
each name). Cfick Add to include the
list, then Close to exit. You can now sort
data in this order if you choose the column containing the names as the column to sort. Note that the names in this
column must appear in the same format
you' ve entered them into your list. In the
Sort dialogue, choose Options, and,
&om the First Key Sort Order dropdown list, choose the list you' ve just created and click OK. You can then sort the
data by clicking OK again. Entries in the
data table that don't match an item in
your list (the name doesn't appear in
your list or it's spefied differently, for
example), will appear at the end of the
list in alphabetical order.
There is one final sort option of note
that is handy when your data is entered

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chose it, you can exclude it from the sort
later on in tbe process). You can also
quickly select an entire rectangle of data
by clicking a cell inside the table and
pressing Control + Shift+ ' (this process

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across a series of rows rather

than columns. In this situation, you can sort data if you
first select the data you want
to sort, and choose Data.
Sort, then Options. Enable
the Sort Left To Right option
a nd click OK . N o w t h e
prompts in the Sort dialogue
relate to the rows of data.
Make your choices, then dick
OK to sort the data.

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for example, choose and dis- By aaayasacustomlist yaucansortdais into anyolder yauwant it tu appearin.
play the top 10 values.
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To use the AutoFilter tool,
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When you make differing

contents of the column the visible data

selections using the same

and the hidden data. Instead, you could

drop-down list. the choices

use the SUBTOTAL function, or simpler

still the AutoSum button. To do this,

replace each other. For example, if you choose the Top 10

sales values. then choose the
Top 20 sales values, the list is
reset each time. However, if
you choose the Top 10 sales
values, then ag the sales by
James Smith, you' ll only see

su.
See 8

highlight the column of numbers you

want to sum and click the AutoSum button on the toolbar. By choosing this
command when a filtered list is selected,
Excel will create a SUBTOTAL function

for you.

sales from James Smith if

Itendlr formulas

they are in the Top 10. If you

want the list to reset in these
circumstances you' ll have to
do it manually. So, either
choose All from the most
recent drop-down list you
selected from or choose Data,
Filter, then Show AIL
When there is no option in
the drop-down list describing what you want to see, you
can create your own search
option. From the drop-down
list, choose Custom, and
(rom the dialogue select the
condition to test and the
value "is greater than" and
10,000, for example and

Excel is chock full of handy functions,

some of which are useful in dealing with

dick OK. You can specify up

This next function sums the numbers

in the range 82:822 if the corresponding
values in cells A2A22 are equal to James
Smith:

to two conditions and use

either AND or OR. Using
AND requires that both conditions be met. Using OR
means an entry meets either
one or both conditions.
When you want to total the
results from a filter, avoid
using the SUM f unction
because it adds the entire

data and extracting information. One

such function is SUMIF, which adds a

series of numbers only if a certain condition is met. For example, you can use it
to sum the monthly sales results when
they' re more than $10,000, or to sum the

sales results for JamesSmith.

Ifthesalesresultsare in cells82:822and
the sales person's names in cells A23k22,
here are formulas to make the two calculations the first sums the values in the
range 82:
822 if they are greater than
$10,000:
MSUMJF(82:822,">10000)

MSUMJF(A223
22,"e)ames Smith",82:822)

The COUNTlr function is similar and

counts the number of matching cells. For
example, this function counts the numContinued on page 68
No

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< SMALL OFFICE TECHNOLOGY s

Eglracgngmeaningfrom numbwg

=AVER
AGE(82:822)

Continuedfrom page 67
The LARGE function returns the nth
largest value in the list. In this example,
it returns the second largest value in the
range 82:822:

ber of sales results that are more than

IO,DDD:
KOUNTIF(82:822,">10000")

URGE(82:822,2)

You msy already be familiar with the

functions MAX znd MIN, which return
the largest and smallest values in a list,
but there are some others you may not
know.
Here are examples of each with explanations of what they do, starting with
MAX and MIN. This function returns
the largest value in the range 82:822:

Similarly, the SMALL function returns

the nth smallest value in the list. In this
example it returns the tenth smallest
value in the range 82;822:
=SMAll(82:822,10)

AutomatingWord
Quick velum address labels Create a
sheet of the same labels by choosing
Tools, Envelopes, and Labels, (in WordXP,
choose Tools, Letters, then Mailings,
Envei
opes,and labels).Choose the Labels
tab, Options, select your label product
and click OK.Enable the FullPage OfThe
Same Labeloption, cgck the Use Return
Address check box or type an address.
Click Print to send the labels direct to the
printer or New Document to create the

ReducePage 5120 ' When a documentis a

little too long and you want to shorten it
a page, choose File, Print Preview, and
click the Shrink to Fit button on the tool-

bar.If you need to undo the results,

chooseCancel,select Edit,then Undo.
Edg in Priut PreVieW Edit a dOCument in
Print Preview mode by d icking the
Magnifier taol, turning the mouse into a

label
sin a new document.

cursorto make yourchanges. To get the

Magnifi
er back, click the button again.

Custamlge sm/elgpas Addimages or text

to envel
opes by creating them as an

You can right-click the toolbar to see a

list of tools you can add to your Print
Preview window for editing tasks.

This function returns the smallest

value in the range 82:822:

As you can see, Excel ofFers a range of

tools for turning quantities of raw data
into information that you can usc for a
variety of purposes. In this column we' ve
looked at a small but very useful selection of these tools. You will find more

the detail you want to display in the cor-

Quick line draw Choose Tools,

WIN(82:822)

information about any of these by looking them up in Excel's Help. 0

rect position. Select it and choose Insert,

AutoText, New, type the name as

AutoCorr
ect,the AutoFormat As You Type

HelenBradleyspeaaiizes inynigng Iundpo/I tuto-

EnvelopeExtrac and click OK. (Repeat if

required for a second element calling it
EnvelopeExtra2.) All new envelopes wgf

The AVERAGE function calculates an

average. In this example it returns the
average of all the numbers in the range
82;822:

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< HA ND S O N n
system will certainly get a longer runtime
out of the unit. The configuration of the
outlets and the extended operating system support for the optional power
management software (not included but
available for download at n o extra
charge) certainly make this UPS worth
consideration.

Value.addedvofis
Continuedfrom page 54
included, it has a 40-day money-back
guarantee, and it comes with a 10-year
prorated warranty. Again, it has the
longest runtime in its capacity class this
month, which also helps offset the higher price point of the 5115.

Tripp Ute SmartPro 500USB

TrippUteInternet OlficeUPS525VA

From:Tripp Lite
wwwtiipplite.corn
Eshmatedprice: 5239

From:Tripp lite
www.ttippiite.corn
Estimatedprice: 5159

be downloaded at no extra charge).

The biggest problem we have with the
SmartPro 500 USB is the outlet configuration. First, the outlets are upsidedown, three on each side, which could be
problematic for transformer bricks with
polarity protection on the prongsyou' ll only be able to hang them upside
down from the outlets on the top of the
UPS, from where they can easily fall out.
The outlets are also fairly close together,
and if you need to use transformer
bricks, only the lower left one will afiow

you to plug it in without covering up

something else or potentially hitting the
power cord (the USB connector and the
data lines are located at the top of the
unit, right behind where a transformer
back would sit).
To be fair though, most people won't
have a bunch of transformer bricks, but
simply standard two- or three-prong
plugs, which the UPS will handle just
fine. In other words. most users will find
the SmartPro 500 USB to be a great little
unit. 0

Lowbasely w
arning:7:25

Lowbatteryw
arning:3:45

Total powerdepletion: 9:05

Total powerdepieiion: 5:25

metrOS RT250 0

ANI MATION

PIN N A C L E D V

VIDEO EDITING

We have both Malrox and Pinnacle Systems

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ffgM
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- New e l
3D Animation 8 Digital Video Systems
Also set up like a power bar, the 525VA
(300W) Tripp Lite Internet Office is
another good choice for those with a
modest workstation setup. The three
battery backed-up outlets and the three
power-conditioned only outlets are on
opposit
e sides ofthe UPS. One of each
type isseparated from the others to
accommodate larger transformer bricks.
The wall plug is angled to avoid interference with other outlets, while still maintaining a fairly low profile against the
wall.
Though data protection jacks are
included, they only fit telephone connectors. not the wider Ethernet connectors.
The unit didn't provide as much runtime
as we would have liked, but those with a
more modest configuration than our test

sroesmmwm'om

IC yochnaioeySaaclanaasIn
Videogdiuae. Sg Aalmatlos,
St ream(Re
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Gt vo us a calldissoss
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This 500VA (300W) unit has already

been out for more than a year, but it' s
still going strong. This compact unit provides a reasonably long runtime for a

fairly good price.

That's not to say it doesn't have a few
quirks, though. First off. the data line
protection only accommodates phone
jacks, and not the wider Ethernet connectors. Secondly, the shutdown software isn't included in the box (but it can

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Quicklips

Add a Work menu Word's Work menu

Continued from pnge 68

storesfiles so you can access them quickly. Right-click a t o o lbar, c hoose

Customize,the Commands tab, and, from
the Commands list, choose Built-in
menus. From the Categories List, select
Work,drag and drop the menu onto your

checkbox).Try these atthe beginning ofa

new line (type them, press Enter) to add
horizontal lines: three dashes (-) for a
single Line; three equals (-) for a double

line; three hashes () for a triple line;

three asterisks (') for a dashed Une; three
tildes (-) for a wavy line; and three underscores ( ) for a heavy line.

toolbar, and click Close.Open a file to add

to the menu, choose Work, and click Add
to Work Menu. You can now open the file
next time by selecting it from the menu.

More horizontal lines Add fancy hori-

Ciidt here Block If you have a'template

zontal lines to your documents using

images. Choose Format, Borders and
Shading and dick the Horizontal lines
button. A dialogue will appear with
imagesof lines you can use. Choose one
and click OK to add itto yourdocument.

intowhichyou need to type textin specific locations, create a spedal Word field
thatallows'a userto click and type exactly where the text is to go. With the cursor
wherethe text is to appear,choose Insert
then Field. From the Categories list, choose
DocumentAutomation, and from the Field

Taming AuhtCorrect When AutoCorrect

becomestoo enthusiasbc and makes correcti
ons you don't want,create an exception instead of disabling it. Open the
AutoCorr
ect dialogue, choose Exceptions,
then click the tab relevant to the correctionbeing made. Type the word you want
to protect and click Add.

Relief forslress0 dickaway

NB
We all know stress is bad for us.
But there are scientific expianations for
stress,and proven ways to treatityourelf, including through relaxation.
hether you' re a health professional or
a sufferer, there will be useful informaion on this Internati
onal Stress
anagementAssociation site,developed
. y a non-profit organization dedicated
o making fora less stressfulworld.
wwwstressttanaement-isma.ori

Names list, choose Macrogutton (in Word

XP nowclick Beld Codes).Remove any text

PC security holes doubled in

2001, claims CERT
WASHINGTON,D.C. Hackers and system
administrators alike were busier than ever
in 2001, a year that brought a 200 percent increase in computer security incidents and vulnerabilities, according to
statistics pubbshed in mid-3anuary.
More than 52,000 "incidents, including
Web site attacks, malicious viruses and
network intrusions, were reported in
2001, according t o t h e Computer
Emergency Response Team (CERT), the
U.s.federally funded computer security
cleari
nghouse at Pittsburgh's Carnegie
Mellon University. The numbers are up
from 21,756 in 2000,CERT indicates.

appearing atter the word Macrogutton and

type 'NoMacro[Oick hereandtype ... T without
thequote marks and replacing the prompt
with your custom wording. Qick OK and
your click here block will appear.

Symbolson lheloolhatAddtoolbarbuttons to make commonLy used accented

characters more accessible. Choose View,
Toolbars
, Customize, the Commands tab
and, from the Categories list, choose All
Commands. From the Commands list
chooseSymbol, and drag itto the toolbar.
When the Symbol dialogue appears,
choose normal text from its Font list, click
the characteryou want to use,and click
OK, Rename the button by right-clicking it
and alterthe textin the Name area.
Helen Bradley

To put the figures into perspective, incidents reported

lastyearaccounted formore
thanhalfofallattacks
reported since 1988, the first

year CER
Tbegan keeping
records.

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one particular virus, for example, as asingle "incident," a factor that CERT says
causes the number of incidents reported
to appearmuch smallerin scope than they
actually are.

The unprecedented increase in attacks

last year tracked a nearly identical
upswing in the number of software and
computer equipment security vulnerabilities reported in 2001.
CERT catal
ogued approximately 2,437
vulnerabilities last year, compared to just
1,090 in 2000 more than half of the
5,033 total vulnerabilities reported to
CERTsince 1995,
While a doubling in incidents and vulnerabiiities is alarming, X-Force director
Chris Rouland said the CERT numbers
probabl
y refiect between one percent and
three percent of the total network security problems experienced by companies of

all sizes last year.

X-Force is the research and development division of Atlanta-based Internet
Securi
ty Systems.
"Most organizati
ons do not know

they'
re compromised and defi
nitely don't
To put the figures into perspective,
incidents reported last year accounted for
more than half of all attacks reported
since 19BB, the first year CERT began

North York ~

SartsgP
ach (N SselststaN

keeping records.
CERT counts all reports related to any

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Rou(andsaid Isstracked betweenseven

and eight new vulnembiltfigies each day in

2001, and roughly one new virus or vari-

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e NEW a NOT A B L E >

ant every other day.
While he wouldn't quibble with CERT's basic numbers,
Rouland attributed much of the increased vulnerabilities
to a growing cadre of notoriety-seeking individual hackers and security researchers who post their findings in

public forums.
That trend has helped to broaden the definition of vulnerabilities, Rouland said.
"Whereasfouryearsago,some technique thatcould be
usedto crash an obscure senierwould just be considered
a bug and fixed, [it] is now classified as a potential
denial-of-service vulnerability," he said, "So within that
250 percent increase in vulnerabilities, more of that
aggregatecontent isdenial-of-service related,notnecessarily an exploit that leads to serious system compromise."
Chad Dougherty,an Internet security analystat CERT,
said he agreed that awareness of what constitutes a "vulnerability" is increasing, but said heightened awareness
comes from a greater understanding of how security vulnerabilities and exploits can be used in tandem.
"The reason why awareness has increased isthat people are starting to understand that denial-of-service
attackscan be used to leverage other attacksthat might
at some point provide privileged access," Dougherty said.
The CERT Figures appear to show that companies are
gettin
g betterabout reporting both attacksand potential
security holes in their products.
CERT published 341 securi
ty notes lastyear,compared
to only 57 in 2000.
Butjust as most companies don't know, ordon't care
to reportsecuri
ty breaches,they often are notmotivated
to do so until prodded by a third party, Rouland said.
"Most vendors report vulnerabilities only because
someone notified them and promised to report on it
themselves," he said.
A copy ofthe CERT report can be found online at
www.certoigfsuh/cert slats.html.
Newsbytes

Canadian online shopping in December

exceededestimates
TORONTO
Canadians flocked to virtual stores in larger
numbersthan expected during the holidayshopping season, according to findings from a new study.
The study,by market research company Ipsos-Raid
(wwwipsos-raid.corn), said 3.6 million Canadian Internet
users
defined as adult Canadians who go online at
leastone hour perweek bought something on the Web
duringthe 2001 December holiday season.

"Thecustomerswerequitehappy this
year... Theretailers did their homework."
Theshopping rush exceeded Ipsos-Reid's prediction of
2.9 million Canadian online shoppers. Those shoppers
also spent more online than last year, the firm said.
On aver
age, Canadian online shoppers spent $324,Rrr
a total of $1.16 billion.
In the 2000 holiday shopping season,Canadians spent
a total of $650 million online. As of last fag, Ipsos-Raid's
projected total for 2001 was $860 million.
Steve Mossop, senior vice-president of technology
research at Ipsos-Reid, said the successful online holiday
shopping season was a "pleasing surprise."

"Everybody's projections for online holiday spending

were low," said Mossop. "Three years ago, the projections were much higher, but last year, after the crash,
projections werelowered."
"Doesit mean we are backto where we were in 1999?
No, but is a nice lift," he added.
According to Mossop, one of the most important

aspectsofthe holiday shopping season was an improvement in customer satisfaction with online purchases.
The study found 92 percent of those who purchased
online during the holiday season said they are likely to
do soagain nextyear.In addition,35 percent of"repeat
buyers" said their Web purchasing experience was better
than last year, while only four percent said it was worse.
"In 1999,there was a huge increase in sales volume

from the year before, but people were unhappy," said

Mossop. "There was huge pressure on retailers to
improve their checkout performance and their on-time

delivery."
In 2001,he said,the top 15 to 20 retailers,"the ones
who car
e," have worked out theirissues.
"The customers were quite happy thisyear.Theirsatisfaction ratings are up because improvements were
made. The retailers did their homework."
One finding that was unchanged from last year was

themost-purchased items categories.Ipsos-Reid said 37

percent of shoppers bought books, foaowed by CDs,

tapes or videos (27 percent), clothing (23 percent), toys

or games (18 percent), and computer software (15 per-

cent).
"Some categories are suitable for online purchases,
and othersare not, Mossop observed."A book isa book,

whether
you buy it atAmazon.corn orin a store."
"Everyyear,studiessay other categories wiU incnmse
in popularity, but we see the same categories on top
over and over," he added.
The study was based on responses from 1,000 Web

usersfrom Ipsos-Reid's Canadian Internet PaneL The

firm said the results were cross-checked against a tele-

phonesurvey of 1,000 Canadian adul

ts.
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< NEW &

N O T A BLE w

Some willing to live without

the Internet,study finds
BOSTON,Mass. The Internet has come a
long way in a short time, but even the
Web's burgeoning popularity has limits,
accordingto a new study ofU.s.Internet
users by the Yankee Group (wwwyankee-

The reasons why vary by household

income,but two of the most commonly
citedfactors are expense and the availability of Internet access at work or
schooL
For households with PCs that have
incomesof lessthan US$25,000 per year,
72 percent ofthosesurveyed said they did
nothave Web access athome because the
service is "too expensive.

seven percent ofInternet users who have

PCs in their homes choose not to have
Web accessat home. Some 65 percent of

U.s. households have PCs, according to

Yankee Group, which translates to 69.7
miUion PChouseholds out of 106.5 million households in the U.S.

group.corn).
The research and consulting firm said

Multi-FauPower Supply

'

SestChoice ForToday's Computer

"If they use it at work.they probably

are spoiled by broadband," said Melsted.
"Mostworkp(aces,otherthan some small
offi ces, havea Tt lineorsomeotherhigh-

speed access. Thepeople who are used to

broadbanddon'twantdial-upservice,and
you can't get DSL orcablemodem service
everywhere."
E v en hi
if
gh-speed Internetaccesswere
to become available in

ag areas of the coun-

"Wit anY tec r)ologY, there egte

distantsecondp(steat
12 percent, foUowed
by notwanting to tie
up the phone line (10

Ore gOif)g tO be hulduuts

tismdth (;k&,".
hood of the Internet
gaining 100 percent

EVen teleViSiOnS and tele-

p enetration is not
good.

percent), not wanfing PhOneS are nOt ubiquitOuS.

W i th any technolo
children to use the
5Ome peOp[e ChOOSe tO r)Ot gy there are 9oin9 to
Web (six percent), and
difficulty of use (four
percent).

-Fan-1 (Front)

Fan-2 (Bottom)

Farrg (Back)

Features:

be holdouts," she said.

haVe Certain technOiOgy in

In homes with PC s

Gold pleiad connector pins

Thermal Fan
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lowed by not tying up the phone line (12

percent) difficuity of use (11 percent) and

JC Comm
gutech Inc.

Mel sted said it is possible the Internet

mi ght eventually achieve 98 or 99 percent

lackofinterestin the Web (11 percent). home penetration among ag U.s. houseLisa Melst
ed, an analyst with the holds,butshe said such a rateisyearsin
Yankee Group, said it might seem as if
the future.
Internet users would be likely to want to
"TheYankee Group is projecting househave the Web available in their home, but
ho l d penetration of 70 percent in 2005,
she was not surprised that some think
wh i ch still leaves 30 percent," she said.
school or work access is adequate.
Newsbyres

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Dynatron Micro Fins

not ubiqui
tous. Some
people choose to not
have certain technolog yi n their homes."
"Itis interesting to look at the seven
pe rcent of Internet users who don't have
home accessand examine their reasons,"

Expensewas second at 21 percent,fol- she added.

I ( I s

NFN recommended

t hei r homes."

that have incomes of

US$75,000 per year or
greater, the most frequently cited reason
fornothaving Web access athome was its
availability at work or school, cited by 47
percent of respondents.

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wwwtsnbdsmmpuiesmm THE COMPUTERPAPER CEE/EIR TORONTO EDITION Ii/MECH 2002 73

CmySlS
rPA
MPER

Platform News
Iq a gin tosh L i n u x Wi n d o w s Pa l m Eme r g i n g T r e n ds

G4 breaks I GHz barrier

ust as we were
going to press
this monthwith an interesting
price/performance
comparison of the
new
flat-panel
iMacs and existing
G4 tower hneupApple sent us back
to t h e d r awing
board by unveiling its new dual 1 GHz
Power Mac G4s.
The new powerful towers also feature
the industry's first NVIDIA GeForce4

And provides serious

competition to Intel's
Northwood P4

0
4

dvanced Micro Devices (AMD)

has been a thorn in the side of
tel for quite some time, and it
continues to up the stakes with the
Athlon XP 2000+. As with other models
in the Athlon XP line, the new processor's nomendature is based on an over-

graphics card. and a DVD/CD burning

SuperDrive, for U5$2.999.
According to Apple, the new system
can run Adobe Photoshop up to 72 percent faster (based on common operations in Photoshop 6.0) and encode
DVD Video over 300 percent faster than
a 2 GHz Pentium 4-based PC.
The new Power Mac G4s are also
available with 933 MHz and 800 MHz
PowerPC G4 processors. These slower

AMD's
Athlon XP
gets faster

models start at US$1,599.

Apple saysthe three standard configurations of the new G4 towers are avail-

able immediately.

Build-to-order detaisl are at the Apple

site. We' ll have more on these new systems next month.
Continuedon page 76

afl performance metricand not on the

processor's acma( speedin the ase of
the 2000+, that would be 1.67 GHz.

The penguin on your desktop

QiriUX lpiig a

BV Incqnesand slafltsn gust/eyer

of Windows XP Professional was $1.150.

From a pure cost perspective, Linux is
~h
e c hanging circumstances of attractive for small businesses and
fo p
na l o p t h
multi-PC homes, where a single $70
as much to do with the goings on
copy of a packaged Linux distribution
supplies not only the OS, but several
at I Microsoft way as it has with the
continued maturation of Linux. Note
topflight desktop applications like Star
that whfle os
P chmdware costs are Office (an Microsoft Olfice look-alike),
falling, Microsoft has been raising its
Acrobat Reader, RealPlayer audio and
video player, Netscape or Opera Web
prices, such that a lllrmdows OS has
beco me a signiflcant part of the total browsers, and others.
cost of a desktop PC.
But cost is just one factor. Give up
Windows
altogether? You don't even
For example, the hardware cost of
our newly assembled 1.7 GHz
have to consider that, because Linux
Fentium desktop with 512 MB of
runs comfortably in dual-boot mode
with all versions of Windows.
memory, 40 GB hard drive, and
15-inch monitor wasaround
But as we alluded to earlier, Linux has
$700, but the total system
matured, improving vastly in areas it was
cost, which includes a copy
Continued on page80

r eSpeCted SerVer y
OS, iS beCpmirig a

mpre Viable OS fpr

PU i

PC

I ,'

ys MARCH2002 THECOMPUTERPAPER CRE

ATERTORONTOEOmON wwwcaaadammpulascom

The reason AMD has opted for model

names instead of frequency (megahertz
and gigahertz) to differentiate the
processors isthat Athlon processors have
continued to perform at a higher level
than Pentium 4 processors rated at the
same frequencywhen using common
application-based benchmarks such as
BAPCo's Sysmark 2001 (which is our
benchmark of choice).
The 2000+ usesthe same architecture,
manufacturing process, and form factor
as previous models in the Athlon XP
Continued onpage 84

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G4breaks I Guzbsnfet
Continuedfrom page74

Mote from Msasstld

While we did bring you some news &om
MacWorld San Francisco last month,
there was a lot of neat stuly we didn't get
to. The show itsdf seemed smager than
last year, and several big name companies were absent, notably Macromedia
(makers of Flash, DreamWeaver, and
FreeHand). It was nice to see a lot of

smaller c ompanies i n a t t endance be used to create sophisticated compilathough. and as usual everyone was hav- tion discs with cross-fading between
ing a blast. So, on with the show report.
tracks and more control over track spacing.
RornoinlroducesToastS.Isnd Jsm S.g
Invariably though, once Roxio gained
In the old days, before Toast was a Roxio
control of both Toast and Jam it found it
(wwwrouo.com) product, there was a comwas too difgcult to be constantly updatpanion program called Jam. Jam was
ing two CD burning products that had a
geared towards the serious audio users
lot of overlapping features. Jam has not
and olfered tools for crafting a profes- been updated for several years, making it
sional music CD that could be used as a
incompatible with newer CD burners,
master for mass production. It could also
and thus almost useless.

0 Want toprovide your

customers Bafithan
ai?orgfable ISP option?

Il l

dprErtJI9/

0 Want to make a healthy

marlin on every CD-RON
sohl?
0 Want to start now?

xI\r

armt

IN xart8+'
I

Couwmrsotr mwmhwwatmw
115om x 16.5om x Stem
(Holds uc to 15 CodtoMs)

But at Macworld, Roxio announced

plans to bring Jam back with an all new
version 5 due in March. Jam 5.0 will be
an improvement over older versions in
several key areas: it will work with l6-bit
or 24-bit audio Ries, it w i l l h ave
enhanced cross-fading and multi-channel mixing support, and most importantly it will no longer include the burning code in Jam itself. Now, once you
have created your CD, Jam 5.0 will create
Continued on page78

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< PLATFORM N EWS n

Ga breaks I Gila barrier

Continuedfroin page 76
a master CD image on your hard drive,
then transfer you to Toast 5.0 to do the

burning.
This way, Roxio will not have to release
updates to both programs every time a
new CD burner is released, which saves
development time. However, it also
means that you must now buy Toast to to
use Jam, and the bundle will set you back
US$199. If you already own Toast 5.0,
you can buy Jam 5.0 for US$99 (Toast 5.0
is also available separately for US$99).
At Macworld, we had a chance to play
with the Jam 5.0 beta running under X,
as well as the new fully X native Toast 5.1,
and were very impressed. We are a little
worried about those pmgrammers at
Roxio though. A Roxio employee told us
that the API that allows Toast and Jam to
communicate is officiafiy called Butter.

MitsesoB releasesMetfiaPhyer for X

Microsoft (www.micosoltcom/mac) once
againhad a large presence at the show.
The biggest area in its booth was devoted
to Office:mac v. X, but as it has been out
for months we wem more interested in
other areas.
On the peripheral side, we learned that
Microsoft will be bringing out native OS
X drivers for afi of its USB mice and
trackball
s by the end of February. The
driver looked impressive and offered afi
of the programmability of the OS 9 version, as well as the abiTity to have the cursor snap to the default button in a dia-

logue box.
The other news is that Microsoft will
have drivers for its full line of USB key-

G&

boards available sometime in March,

The keyboard driver allows users to swap
the Windows key and the Alt key to make
the layout more Mac &iendly, and it will
also allow users to program the hot keys
that run along the top of the IntelliType
keyboards. This could be very handy as
Apple has not yet included programmable function keys in OS X.
Microsoft had less to show on the software side, but there were a few new
items. We learned that it has no plans for
an Oudook Exchange dient for Mac OS
X, but that may change once the installed
base for X increases. For the time being,
Micmsoft hopes corporate clients will
simply use Entourage, which at least supports IMAP mailboxes on an Exchange
server.
An update for the Oflice:mac v. X suite
is planned for release in the next few
months but it will mostly contain bug
fixes and i s no t l i kely t o i n clude
enhanced functionality, except perhaps
Palm sync support if a final version of
Palm Desktop is available. Microsoft did
release a new 30-day "test drive" version
of Oifice:mac v. X at the show, which is
nice for those who might want to try it
without shelling out the $750. The trial
version is almost identical to the fidl version, except that printing has been disabled. It's available either as a 122 MB
download (www microsoftcom/msr/oificer/
otdreg.asp) or on CD.
Finally, Windows Media Player 7.1
m ade anappearance attheshow forboth
OS X and 9. It's nice to finally have the
ability to play streanung WMP content
on OS X as many sites don't offer
QuickTime streams and RealPlayer is
monto eai.
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The biggest surprise, though. is that

you can order a hard bound album of
photos created within iPhoto. There are
six book formats to choose from, including a picture book year book, and catalogue. You can cnmte a caption for each
image and select how many photos are
displayed on each page. It's not Quark
XPress or InDesign, but for family use
the results look quite good. The downside is that it's a little expensive in

Canada($45 for a book,plus shipping),

but prices may go down if enough people use the service.
We' ve used iPhoto for several weeks
now and find that IYs a very good image
cataloguing program, esperiafiy for a
version 1.0 product. Being free, we
would recommend it to anyone using OS
X and a digital camera Our favourite

still w an t P h otoshop o r P h o toshop

Elements around to touch up their

images. Thankfugy, iPhoto includes a

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iMacs was iPhoto (www.apple.corn/iphoto).

It seems to complete the digital hub line
of software. which includes iDVD,
iTunes, and iMovie. As with the others,
iphoto is &ee, however it's the first of the
bunch t o r u n u nder O S X o n l y.
Apparently the inherent benefits of the
Quartz graphics engine made iPhoto
much easierto code on OS X. Then
again. maybe Apple just wants everyone
to upgrade to X, since starting this
month afi new Mas will ship with X as
the default OS out of the box.
IPhoto has two separate components
that are integrated quite wefi. Its first
purpose,according to Apple chiefexecutive Steve Jobs, is "to eliminate the digital
camera chain of pain" (importing, editing, and printing images). With iPhoto
you can plug in your camera, download
all the pictures into iPhoto, crop and
rotate them within iPhoto, then print
single images or as a collection of
thwnbnails on a page. Apple has tweaked
the built-in print settings and optimized
them for most photo printers to get the
best quality results with little fuss.
In this regard, iPhoto is great and will
servemany people well,however there is
one weakness in the import-edit-print
chain and that is the editing. The functions are so basic that many people will

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preference to allow you to edit images in

an external application while keeping the
images i n yo u r iP h ot o li b rary.
Unfortunately. Adobe has yet to release
either P h otoshop or Ph o toshop
Elements for X, but in time they will
make a good combo we' re sure.
The other component of iPhoto is
sharing your images. With it, you can
create slideshows complete with transitions and soundtracks, which is great for
presenting photos on a computer display
or a TV screen. You can use iPhoto to
create a Web photo gallery. generating
thumbnails and navigation buttons, and
uploading your pages to mac.corn automaticafi
y.As well,you can order hard
copies of prints direct &om Apple within
the iPhoto application. Sizes range &om
4x6 to 20x30 inches, printed on high

Apple iPhoto free forX

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< PLATFORM N EWS w

feature: each time you download pictures from your camera they are stored
with a roll number. At any time in the
future you can go back and Bnd RU the
pictures you took on that "roll." Very
handy for when you' re trying to Bnd all
the images from a certain event.

New iBookgals ie-Inchscreen

The least impressive announcement
from Apple (wwwapple.com/iboak) was the
new 14-inch iBook. We' re won't spend
much time describing it for you because,
quite honestly, it's exactly like the 12inch model but with a bigger screen.
Unfortunately, it costs more than the
smaller model, it weighs an extra 450 g
(I lb.), and it's both wider and deeper.
Overall, all the things that made the 12inch iBook such a hit small, lightweight, and low price are absent here.
One good thing on the 14-inch model
is that, with the larger case comes a larger battery adding another hour (six
hours on the 14-inch iBook from five
hours on the 12-inch model) to rated
battery life.
By far the worst aspect of the new
iBook. however, is that the screen has
exactly the same resolution as the 12inch model. If the extra two inches gave
you more screen real estate for palettes
or windows then we'd be all For it, but
both screens run at 1,024x768, so you
will see the same amount of your document on either screen, only it will look
larger on the 14-inch model.
In short, that extra weight and extra
$500 gets you a bit of extra battery life.
Certainly for people with poor eyesight
it's going to be much easier to work
with, but we wish it had the option to
run at a higher resolution to make use of
some ofthatextra screen space.

+ pie
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panels for G3 and G4 towers from a new

company called Apple Skins (wwwappleContinued on pageB3

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< PLATFORM N EWS u

tttepenguin ou yotw desktop

Continued frompage 74

previously considered weak ease of

installation and use, breadth of applications and their development tooh, hardware support, and compatibility. Given
the state of Linux evolution, we thought
it would be a good time to explore what
it has to ofFer.
In the first of a two-part article, we
look at the process of migrating to
Linux. We assess how easy the current
popular distributions of Linux are to
install and use. In the second part. we
will cover the availability of applications,
Web connections. and hardware compatibility. In the end, we will comment
on the practicality of u sing Linux,
including co-existing with Windows, for
a small business and in the home.

Ttte Unuxtugheds
We induded a mix of five computer systems that approximate what a typical
small business or home user might have
an older and a newer laptop computer, an
older and a newer desktop PC, and an old
server. Following are some relevant specs:
Brand/ Proc./ MS Hard Boatable
Testbed model MHz RANI drivesCD
Old
C ompaq Intel
P2 64 4 GS Yes
1700 2 33
New
C ompaq P3 25 6 18 GB Yes
E500 900
Old C v nx Cynx 128 8 GS %s
150
+3 (iS
desla 2 00
Newer Mind P3
128 1 5 GB Yes

desu P C
Old
sever

600

Q u ark P
2 3 3 233

12 8 40 GS Na
+5 GS

The Linux distributions we tested are

also a mixture of something old and
something new. The older Linux versions were released about two years back
(as seen in the case of SuSE Linux 6.1,
which uses version 2.2.7 of the Linux
kernel). We chose to use boxed editions
rather the downloads of the distributions in the table Linux Distributions.
We deliberately included older versions of Linux to see how well the older
distributions stood up to the ongoing
parade of technical progress. Could these
old distributions be installed into some
of the newer machines?
Overall, we found product support

was mixed for the older versions of

Linux perhaps to beexpected.Th etumt
we could get &om Corel, Caldera, and
SuSE was reference to old installation
notes or archives. In the worst case, we

Linux Boxed

P urchased
bum

sile
Indudes
Kernel Pdce
www.maxas.cpm
8~
8410 Linux
2
men ue no
diskeuts v2.4.5. 559
CalderaOpenLinux23 3CDs,manuals,bootdiskette v2.2.10 529(23) waw.caldem.corn
590 33

umwxandroscom
Coral Linux
4 CDs,manuals,boot d'ukette v22.16 NA
xenon 3.0 duemid-2002
Deluxe2nd Ed
Mandrak
eUnuxEd8.1 7CDs,manuals no diskettes v2.4.8 579
ww w.lin
ux-mandrake.mm
RedHatPro.Unux73 9 manuals no ctskeees v2.4 52%
ww w.redbat
com
SuSEtinux 6.1
4 cDs, manuals,boot diskettes v22.7 54 0 (6.1) wwwsuse.corn
560 (73)
would not try to install Windows 3.I or
even Windows 95 on a newer PC; so why
try old versions of Linux?

abandoned trying to install SuSE Linux

because even the text mode install presented problems. In defense of SuSE, this
was the oldest version of Linux by far
and its new SuSE 7.3 Personal and
Professional editions are ranked by others as the best home version of Linux.
There is an important lesson here.
Don't scrimp on your Linux software, get
the latest versions, which have the newest
drivers, kernels, and support. Users

Insteliegonresufis
Table I shows the results of all our installation tests. RedHat proved to be the
most robust distribution of Linux,
installing with the least amount of difficulty, and onto all of our test machines.
It also had some of the faster perform-

Results of Linux installs

Bootsup/ GUIStart OS Instafl dual boat starts Uninstag

SearOps
O~ldh u

urr

Old l a
Win 9 5 Y e s
New
la
op
Win98
Ye s
~
Old
Nhn985E Yes
Yunsa Yes
New
Old sever Win98 Y e s
Coral
t 1e d NN5 5
New l a
Wi n9 8 No

NxN

is not hard, but uninstalling is murder. As

it turns out, it's not quite murder, but it

Wkls OK u

Y fg/No Yes Can't restore

Win95 W INin95 riition slaw
Y N o No C an't reaare
Win98Wi Nasa bad GUIboot
es Yes FD' Yunas OK Video c r i n awkward.
Y es Y e s
Win 98 OK Skxa GUI
for fast machine
Video
c
n a wkward.
Y es Y e s F D Win98 OK
u
F D ' N N 5 DK
I
No No N o O ean Win98 OK Wanks
out an install

v 985 E Y Y

New deskt Win98

Old server Win98
Mandrake

Ye s Y es
Ye s Y es

FO NNBO K V

bNtu ,

Y e s FD' Win98 OK Standard

uninstall.
Y e s FDisk, Win98
OK Boots

No
POM agc F uls to Wi ndows OK
Yes Ftssk PQMa ' W indows 0 sounds
wmk
New h
llVin98 Y es
No
c3ean
Win98
OK
Sacks
out
an
imtag.
Old deskt W in985E No
New deskt Win98 Y e s Y e s Yes F ' PQMa ' AS em s
Old sever Win98 Y es Y es Yes FDiskPQMa 'c Tou manualbootdiskaealion.
RedHat
WindowsOK
Old h
Win 9 5 Y e s Y es Y e s PQMa '
WindowsOK.
es Yes PQMa '
N ew h
Win9 8 Y es
es Yes PQ
Windows tau boot dbk
Sd desktop Win985E Yes
WindowsOK.
V
f
QM
N
AuAu
|
W
EB
Y
V
~
WindowsOK,tough boot disk
Sd ser
ver Win98 Yes Yes/Yes Yes PQMagx

and install properly on the old desktop.

In general, if any of the Linux versions
had a pmblem it was on installation to
the older hardware.
Cord Linux had a very easy install. but
it also pmved to be very slow and to boot
very slowly. Xandms has taken over the
Coral Linux distribution and it promises
to have an improved install. a better selection of third-party software (already very
good with Wordtxerfect and PhotoPaint
for Linux among others), andbetter interchange and integration with Windows
applications. Look for Xandros/Corel
Linux 3.0 in the first half of 2002.
Caldera had tbe second best install
record but refused to work properly on
the new laptop. This was a case of trying
to use an old version of Linux on new
hardware. The drivers for the laptop's
ATI Rage Mobility video card were simply not available, but of course were
Continued onpage 82

We hadbeen warned that installing Linux

Caldera

Mandrake failed to runon the old l aptop

UninstallingLinux

Comments

No Oean, Win98 OK Screenbhnksout d

u ulall.
Old deskt I Nin985E No
New deskt Win98 Yes Y e s Yes FD' Win98 OK
u ninsadt
Old server Win98 Y e s N o No FD ' Win98 OK Screen
andmousefailures

t lldu x

ance results, but we will get into those

details in the next review.
Mandrake proved to have the most
complete install sound, video, and
games worked most effectively here. But

NlN 5

BO MARCHxaa2 THECOMPUTER PAPER CREAtsnmnaulo saloon wwwxxn ~ m

doesrequire some005 expertise, particularly with Fgisk (a 005 utility usually

found in your C:tiwindowsxc
command

directory). The uninstall for Windows9x

and Me is fairly simple:
2.Atstart up,bootinto DOS mode.
2. Runt fdisk /mbr.

3.Then runjust: fdisk.

4. Set Windowspartition active, then simply delete all the non-005 partitions
[ie: Linux partitions] and re-boot one
last time.
Thisworks formost ofthe Linux distributions. However, with Windows NT,
2000,and XP usersmust consider using a

more robustpartition manager.

We used ourfavourite, PowerQuest's
Partition Magic, which reset boot sectors
and restored NTFS partitions with no

problems.
However, we found that Caldera's distribution takesover any single disk installa-

tion andwipesout any 005 files requiring

a complete rebuild of Windows. So be
careful with Caldera and single-disk
instalh.
Jacquesand Nathan Suiveyer

rr

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rtstssst

www.isnsdsmmpulel.iom THE coMPUTER

PAPER GRFA)BI TDRGMIUEDITIQN MARcH 2002 Sl

PLATFORM N EWS

The pnngumon your dosklop

your third grade teacher, let us repeat:

Continuedfrom page 80

"now class,be sure to use the latest ver-

available for the latest version of Caldera,

3. I Personal. At the risk of sounding like

Downloador boxed?
We preferred buying the Linux distributionsas a boxed product over download-

ing the free copiesfrom the Internet fora

few reasons:
We recei
ved a permanent copy of the
software on CD.
The boxedproduct included several CDs
of games and application software.
The included instagafion manuals and

guideswerehelpful (but hats off toRed

Hat, Mandrake and Bearops; not even a
peek into the getting started manuals

was required).
Finally, most boxed Linux distributions

provi
de 60 to 90 days technical support. But this is reaUy a security blanket only our instaUations ofold software on old hardware required this kind
of help.
Jacquesand Hat/inn Suneye

W
SO M E

sion of the software." As weshall see with

getting various sound cards, printers and
other peripherals to work properly, we
heard this messageloud and clear.
BearOps, another Canadian distribution, had the opposite problem. It was
unable to instaU on older hardware. And
given that it is a fairly new distribution,
that is undersmndable. BearOps has the
ability to install itself directly from
Windows and to create a dual boot with
tight Se integration.

ComdsgugIEIIh Wlndous
Coexisting with Windows is not always
easy.Even within Windowsversions, some
programs and peripherals work on
Windows 98 and Me but not Windows
2000 and XP, while Windows NTFS Se
system is impenetrable to Win9x versions.
The same situation arises with Linux and
Windows on the same machine.
Almost ag of the Linux distributions
allow for dual boot including coexistence
of Windows and Linux Se systems, and
many, but not ag versions. also provide

bridges into the Windows Ses. This provides a mechanism for sharing files
between the operating environs beyond
mailing in a browser, or exchanging floppies, or CD-ROMs.
The three most popular methods are
SAMBA and NFS, which allow sharing of
files on a Windows server with a local
Linux machine, loopback devices that
allow creation of virtual disks on Linux
that can mimic DOS file systems, and
add-ons to the Linux file system that
allow it to read (and sometimes write)
D OS ( Windows 9x ) a n d N T F S
(Windows NT, 2000, and XP) files. When
we look at linux applications, we shall
review how well integrated into Linux
apps these fadTities are.

Linux is remarkably easy to install in most

casesas long asthe hardwam is not too old
and the linux distribution is up to date.
Windows used to have a GUI advantage but with two GUI environsKDE
and GNOME competing on Linux,
they have caught up, and in some areas
surpassed, Windows GUI for tricks and

mr

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Resources
Searchengine devoted to Linux sites,

ywy
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and good technical reviews.
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o Linus'newspresented with style.,'
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linuxtodsgcom
Sitedoes for Linux, what Tucows has,

done, for the Web, great downloads

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knox.iucows
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a Grandpappyof Linux sites,One ofthe
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< PLATFORN N EWS >

64 I)teat(a I Gtta banter

Apple Skinz has big plans, including

Continuedfrom page 79

Skinz for iBooks, PowerBooks, and new

iMacs. This writer was really hoping for
skinz for the G4 Cube, but apparently
Cube saleswere not enough to justify the

skinz.cam). It wa s th e co mpany's
MaWorld debut, and it had about a
dozen designs on show, with more to
come.
Current designs range kom hot md
games, to tattoo art, to American flags.
Apple Skinz says it wiB alsomake custom
panda for customers that want to display
theircompany logo. for example. The
Skinz currently cost US$50 a pair and
the company does ship to Canada
(which is not included in the price). The
panda are easy to instaB and will not
void your warranty.

what do you do with it?

Its most basic function is as a volume
control, which is what it does out of the
box.Whenever you turn the dialleft or
right it changes the system volume, with
the base light and dimming or brightening to give you a visual cue. This is cool
but not worth $45.
In addition to turning, you can press
down on it, which triggers a mute function. Finally, you can push down and
turn it, resulting in a third function that
is unmappad. Now, so far it seems like a
good device for those who don't already
have volume controls on their keyboards
but it can do much more. The included
software allows you to program each of
the three actions to perform different
functions in each application you use. So
in Internet Explorer, for example, turning the knob will scroll up or down and
clicking wiB take you back one page. In
video editing software it can be used to
go through a segment frame by kame
like a conventional jog dial. or it can be
used to select in and out points for
effects.
The possibilities are endless and the
drivers work in both OS X and 9 so it can

COSE

PewerNah mulfipurpoaeinputdevice
One of the strangest peripherals at the
show really grabbed our attention: the
PowerMate from Griiffn Teclmology
(wwwattttrethnolagycam). It looks like a
volume knob on a high end receiver. It' s
made out of high quality machined aluminum, with a glowing blue base so it
appears to Boat on your desk It's an
attractive device, but the question is

"E(fuca5onporta
B-'Pro Teacher is a Web directoly for elementaty school teachers and paients who
,'tvant help helping kids learn. In essence, this is an education poltai, and it provides
'rearchabie directories of lesson plans, activities, and other online resourcesfot pte' school, etementaty, and middle schaai students. It also offersUP a "vent" area, where
'teachers can letloose frustrations,orsound offabouttriumphs. The Busygoatd features
,
' discussion boards and email rings.
, www.pro'teacbet.caitkl
'

be used in aff your applications. It's not a

must-have peripheral by any means, but
after using it for several weeks and programming a number of functions, it sure
does come in handy. What's espedagy
nice. though, is Grffffn's attention to

detaiL The PowerMate has a nice heft

and looks very polished and dean. The
small touches are nice toth such as when
your machine is asleep the blue light on
the PowerMate will pulse to match the
power light on yourMac. Alsch for keyboards that lack a power on button, the
PowerMate can be used as apower button for your Mac, provided it's plugged
into one of the USB ports on the computer and not into a hub.
We think a lot of people would ffnd
this device very useful, and Grffffn has
always olfered great support for its products, so there's no worry about driver
p roblems down t h e r o ad. T h e
PowerMate may eventually find its way
to Canadian retailers, but right now the
best way to get one is through Griffin's
Web site. (3
Justa Siemens, 8lrac (T spea1(ist basedin
Vancouver,can bereached at jsiemenslmac.com.

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Internet content creation 176
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Last month we told you about the new
0.13-micron Pentium 4 processors, also
known as Northwood processors. Those
processors added cache to the die, bringing them to a total of 512KB Level-2
cache, or back to the same amount that
Intel's previous processors featured
when the cache was still located off the
die because of its larger physical size.
Now, with the new AthlonXP 2000+
available to us for benchmarking, we can
6 you a rough comparison of these
gh /
new processors.
The Pentium 4 system used the Intel
D845BG motherboard, 256 MB DDR
SDRAM &om Crucial (wwwaucisl.ccm), a
30 GB ATA100 hard drive, integrated
audio, and a GeForce2 Ultra graphics
card.
The AthlonXP system used a Shuttle
AK35GTR motherboard, 256 MB DDR
SDRAM (also &om Crucial), a 30 GB
ATA100 hard drive, integrated audio,
and a GeForce2 Ultra graphics card.
As you can see &om the benchmarking
numbers, Intel's 2.2 GHz Northwoodbased processor has taken the overall
performance lead, outpacing all of the
other processors by at least 13 points. A
look at the details reveals more interesting numbers, though.
First, the AthlonXP 2000+ holds its

own rather well against the 2 GHz

Northwood-based Pentium 4; this is
more or less on target, because the 2000+
is supposedly a 2 GHz equivalent, despite
the fact that it's only running at 1.67
GHz. More interesting, though, is the
fact that it's also achieving that equivalency with the larger manufacturing
process and the smaller on-die cache. If
you look atthe breakdown of thebenchmarking, the AthlonXP 2000+ takes the
lead in the of&ca productivity suite, even
over the 2.2 GHz Northwood Pentium 4.
That said, all of the Pentium 4 chips
show that their strength is the Internet
content creation side, which takes heavy
advantage of the multimedia strengths
built into the Pentium 4 (even despite
the fact that Sysmark 2001 doesn't have
support for the Pentium 4's Streaming
SIMD Extensions 2 instructions.
P rice advantage still goes to t he
Athlon: the AthlonXP 2000+ comes in
US$25cheaper than the Pentium 4 2.0A
processor, and more than US$200 cheaper than the 2.2 GHz Northwood Pentium
4.Even ifthebenchmarking numbers are
lower overall, that's still enough of a
price advantage to make it very attractive. Cl

8
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c PLATFORM NEWS

'Trustworthy computing' greeted with skepticism

REDMOND, Wash. A shift in corporate
str ategy by
Micr osoft

ed skeptically by some security profes-

September advising corporations to

purely talk," said Merc Maigret, chief

sionals who see it as amarketing ploy to

hacking ofgcer for Eeye Digital Security,

(www.miooioit.mm) to emphasize security

energize sales of products such as its new

Windows XP operating system and .Net
software services.
"This seems like pure public relations
to me. It's only words. Le Yswait and see
if there will be any real change," said
Georgi Guninski, an independent security consultant who has discovered several gaws in Microsoft's products.

move away from Microsoft's Web server

software because of its security problems.
To "walk the talk" on its new corporate
strategy, Microsoft must shake up the
culture of it s product management
groups in particular, Pescatore said.
"I think developers at Microsoft are
open to this change, but product management still believes they can't seg software without adding new features," said
Pescatore.
For example, i n t h e c ompany's

gaw in Windows XP and also identiged

in its products could bomb with consumers and hurt the market for thirdparty security products and services,
expertssay.But,theyadd,thesea change
was necessary to save Microsoft's business in the long run, especially with corporate customers.
The new emphasis on Trustworthy

Computing. announced in an email to

Microsoft employees in mid-January by
Chairman Bill Gates, calls for the company to treat security as a top priorityeven ahead of developing new pmduct
features.

"When we face a choice between

adding features and resolving security
issues, we need to choose security," Gates
wrote in the memo, which he likened to
his l995 missive that galvanized the
company around emerging Internet
opportimines.

M icrosof
t'
sepiphanyhasbeen regard-

While the company's new emphasis

on security may have been driven by a
desire to boost sales, the sbil't goes deeper than public relations and will require
major changes in the company. according to John Pescstore, research director
for the Gartner consulting firm.
"This was driven in large part by the
immense response from big corporate
customers after Code Red and Nimda

Windows XP product, which shipped

last fall and was touted for its improvements in security, product management
"jammed in dangerous features like
remote administration that should have
raised all sorts of security red flags," said
Peacatore.
"I' ll believe they' ve changed when
Microsoft starts proactively releasing
advisories about vulnerabilities that they
discovered themselves. Until then, it' s

[virusesj. The CEOs and CIOs of

Microsoft's biggest accounts said,'This is
killing us. We can not live this way,'" said
Pescatore, who authored a report in

which recently found a severe security

the vulnerabiTity exploited by the Code
Red worm.

To help reset the corporation's priorities, Microsoft has created a centralized

security group that reports high in the
o rganization, according t o Ch r i s
Wysopal, director of research anddeveloprnent for AtStake, a security consult-

ing Birn.
"This group is stalfed with really good
security people and has a signigcant
budget. This is the Erst time Microsoft
has a centralized security organization
concerned with security during the

development process," said WysopaL

But such an organizational change

may not manifest itself in actualproducts for at least 18 months, Gartner predicts. In the meantime, Microso6's security emphasis may shnply take the form
Continued on page 86

Pr orna x
Computer Systems Inc.
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w PLATFDRN N E WS >

'rrttshaerlhy computing'
Conlinued rom o e8 5
of shipping software with securitythreatening features turned off rather
than enabled, as is the current practice.
Microso&'5 new emphasis could create
a period of uncertainty for the entire
securit
y marketplace.On the one hand,
if Microsoft is able to ship signlgcantly
more secure products, it could mean a
reduced need for anti-virus software and
other amelioratives, Pescatore said,

On the other hand, Microsoft may

respond to its security crisis by making it
easier for third parties to develop security products that work with Windows,
such as by publishing information on
programming interfaces for the operating system, according to Pescatore.
Richard Forno, chief technology officer for information assurance provider
ShadowLoglc Corp., called on Microsoft
to take that approach even further and
publish the complete source code of

Windows and other products.

"Given the decades-old proprietary
patchwork of many Microsoft products,
the only way t o t r uly certify that
Microsoft's internationally developed
productsare indeed secure and trustworthy is to release the code to the security community at large for analysis," he
said.
Even if Microsoft is able to clean up its
act on security, there will still be plenty
of work for information security profes-

sionals, according to Greg Shipley, chief

technology Oflicer for security consultancy Neohapsis.
"Today's organizati
ons face an
onslaught of information security pmblems problems that involve a lot more
then just Microsoft-based misery," said

Shipley.
While it may be driven by a desire to
prevent a market baddash, Microsoft's
security imtiative may not immediately
strike a chord with consumers, Pescatore

said.
"Microsoft is ahead of market demand
on this. Consumers do not currently
value security over features. But that is
s tarting to change. Because of t h e
Internet and publicity over bugs and
viruses. security is starting to move up
the priority list," he said.
Forno agreed that businesses are not
the only customers demanding improvements in Micmsoft's product security.
"Ioe Public doesn't take kindly to security problems that impact his privacy,
email, or ability to conduct personal
consumer transactions online," he saiIL

Six Oegreeshelps managecreativity

guroaby,B.C.-hasod Creo Products Inc.(Wwwcreo.com)haslaunched 8 new productforthe desktop,Six
Degrees, that is designed to help creative professionals manage projects.
According to Creo, Six Degrees is a new type of application: rather than replace existing tools, it looks

atthe relationship between fi

les,messages,and peopleand createsconnections.It presents the user
with aU the information about aproject, regardless of where the project files or messagesam stored.
"SixDegrees allows the userto move quickl
y through the clutterofthe desktop and focus on the
messages,
files,and people that are connected and relevantto the projectsthe userisworking on. It
filters out everything else," explains Nark Lemmons, the director of Creo's creative software gmup.

"While most systemsforce you to store ralatOd files in a central depository, Six Degrees actively makes
connections for you as you work."
Six Degrees operates cross-media and cross-plafform (Mac DS Xand Windows). It will be released at Nacworld New York in July

20D2atan expected price of USS249.

TCPStaff

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< CARE ER S & T R A I N I N G %

Too much attitude too late in dated e-commerce how-to

ometimes,asa reviewer,you run acrossa book that
opens your eyes, and fills your head with new ideas.
Then there are the books that simply rub you the
wrong way.ThreeClicksAway fell into the latter category
for this reviewer. Despite including
some genuinely useful info, as a

RE&(tp
Information content: "
Readability: oo
Intendedfor. Beginner
Overall Rating:oo
All three authorshave paid their dues in terms of build-

whole the book is very dated, hav-

ing e-comm
erce Web sites.
Drapkin has worked with the likes
of IBM andUPS,Lowywith Deutsche

ing been written for budding ecommerce wannabes prior to the

Bank, and Marovitz with Dow Jones

and Gateway.Good credentials, but

dot-cor
n collapses. But it was the
flashesofsnarky attitude perhaps
intended to come across as hip-

whileyou mightexpecta book caRed

ThreeCl
icksAway to focus on waysto
create eff
ective e-commerce Web
sites(the term refersto the factthat
most e-commerce sites lose prospec-

that ultimately led to me turning

my thumb's
down on thistitle.

tive customers after three mouse

clicks), the book in fact deals with
how to start an e-commerce busi-

lltyee Cidta Away

Authors:MichaelDrapkin, Jon Lowy,

andDanielMarovitz

Publisher.JohnWiley 6 SonsInc.
wnwwileycom
ISBN:o471-396$2-6
Hardcover 236 pages 2091
Price:S44.95

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types of e-commerce models. what

youneed in terms oftechnology,who

Af)ICHAELORAPKIN
ON LOWY

to hire,and the basics of getting

start
-up finandng. Did I mention

'lo e

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But there is little presented in this section that isn' t

obviousto anybodywith any experi

ence in the high-tech
business (online or not).
In addition, it talks a lot about "overpaid Internet con-

sult
ants," yet the authors use many of the same buzzwords. and their trite (and sometimessnide) analysis does
nothing to bolster their credibility.
Butthis bookis marred as much by bad timing a year
ago,enough of the data and observations would have
been relatively fresh,and the severalnow-dead dot-corns

referenced may have seemed relevant.

Ifyou can get beyond the pseudo-hipness ofthe writingstyle,there are some usefulfacts,but you have to do
some digging to find them, and the shallow analysis is

telegraphed long in advance ofthe punchline.CJ

14TH AVE.
DEN(SON ST.

ALL PRICESARE ALREADV 4N CASH DISCOUNTED AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE

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bitsand pieces offactualinformation aboutthe business

practices of real corporations with online.success stories.
However, there is little analysis given to these facts. To
its credit, ThneeClicks Away doestackle topics mrely seen
elsewhere, such as offering advice on how to find the
right people for the job, organizational structures, and
the stages of developmental hurdles you' re likely to
encounter.

ness.
Initially, it explores the different

/ /

STEELES AVE.W.

thatthiswaswritten before the dot-corn crash?

Arguablythe best parts of the book are the scattemd

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www.a/Hs(ONmPUHO
.mm THE COMPO(En PAPER GREATER1ORONIO EDITION MARCH2002 By

gelllgllsPPAP
ER

in t e r n e t T r e n d s Wi r e d JJI W i r e l e s s On l i n e Se r v i c e s Wo r k BI P l a y o n t h e W e b

WikiWikiWebs

IE extensions
to CSS: Part 3

Making the information highway a two-way street

By SharonOosihoek
t last, a truly collaborative online
community. WMe the Web is
ften touted as a populist tool for
communication, a two-way street, roost
Web sites communicate information in
one direction only.
But a fascinating new type of site,
called WikiWikiWebs, is poised to
change that. It is, in a word, interactive.
WikiWikiWebs allow hundreds of
people to put content on the serac Web
site at once. Users can both read and
write
changing paragraphs, correcting

spelling, and adding original materialwithout knowing a stitch of HTML

It's an open source collaborative server technology that enthusiasts say o(fers
a promising tool for coordinating collaborative documents. databases, and
projects.
Inspired by the Hawaiian expression Esr

quick(wiki wiki, pm
nounced "wickeewickee"), Portland, Ore., pmgrammer Ward
Cunningham created this unique Web
publishing system His ErstWiki page,
founded in I994, continues to operate at

wwwcr.com/qli/wiki?W
eicomeVisiton.
Cunningham's concept has gone on
to inspire countless dones and imple-

By Keilh Sthenggi-Robeds

mentations on various server platforms.

ast month, we looked at how

Microsoft's Internet Explorer (IE)
contains a number of extensions
to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) such

Editing by numbers
One of the most intriguing Wiki sites
is something called the Wikipedia
(wwwwikipedia.com), created in early
2001 by a PhD named larry Sanger.
It's billed as "a collaborative project to

as the ruby set of prnpertie ddeaigne

to accommodate Asian character sets.
This month, we continue to look at CSS
extensions for formatting other characteristicsofAsian character sets.

produce a complete encyclopedia

&nm scratch," and already has more
than 20,000 articles on subjects ranging from beliefs about the nature of
God to the role of the periodic table of
chemical elements.
It also includes a useful section on
current events that invites users to add
links and work on stories as various
topics become relevant to the day' s
news.(There is,ofcourse,an extensive
section on the war in Afghanistan,

including the country's geography. history, and culture.) This section is not
meant to provide breaking news, but
rather to give helpful background infor-

BBEMIne
If you are typing Chinese, Korean, or
Japanese characters into a Web-based
form, chances are you' re using what is
known as an i nput method editor

(IME). IMEs usesequences of base char-

mation about current events.

What makes Wikipedia unique among
encyclopedias is that ag articles are

acters in order to describe an individual

character. In Korean, these base characters are Hangul syllables, phonetic Kanji
characters for Japanese, and various
options are available to create individual
Chinese characters. So, in order to write
a singl
e character in most cases,a user

Continued on page92

Continued onpage 94

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< ONL I N E 8 CO N N ECTED u

Building a MAME arcade cabinet:

Part 3
By KeBhScheny'B-Rsbens

for selecting whether or not a game

would be played by one or two players.
Further buttons that would be useful
included credit, pause, and reset buttons
for each player (a feature I wish had
existed with many old arcade games!), a
MAME interface console button and two
buttonsthat would act as Iefi- and rightmouse buttons in combination with a
trackball (useful for selecting individual
games from the MAME interface).
This added up to a total of 25 arcade
buttons for my control panel, in addition
to the joysticks, a large trackball, and a
single spinner (the only game I could
think of that used more than one spinner was Pong, so I didn't bother getting a
second one).

n planning my MAME (Multiple

Arcade Machine Emulator) arcade

t cabinet. I had to consider ag of the

various types of arcade controls and look

at which controls supported the games I
wanted to play most. Other considerations important to the final design were

how many players could play a game.

which operating system, and the speed
of the computer.

liowmany piayeis?
The more players added to an arcade
machine means a corresponding duplication of the controls.
I r emember enjoying Gauntlet a
Dungeons and Dragons-style game
played by up to four people simultaneously and my all-time favourite, a

Before buying and assembling the game

control panel, I wanted to get a computer to act as the game server. MAME is
available for a number of OSes, including
Mac OS, BeOS, X-Windows, Linux, and
recent versions of Windows (though at
the time of writing, not WindowsXP).
I toyed with the idea of running a pure
Linux system, though informal research
I did suggested that Linux interfaces for
MAME generally speaking you do not
run these games directly, but through an
intermediary program were on the
flaky side.
In the end my greater familiarity with
Windows was the real deciding factor. I
selected Windows 98 Second Edition,
which is arguably the most stable and
Continued onpage 90

But, in the end I decided upon a twoplayer machine, primarily due to space
constraints.
Building a two-player unit meant I
could play selected games head-to-head
with a friend and meant installing two
joysticks. which opens up a range of
dual-joystick single-player games, such
as Berserk and Robotron.
Now,Ihad to decidehow many arcade
buttons and controls I needed and how I
would lay out the controls.
Idecided each player would have one
joystick and six game buttons for a
total of two joysticks and 12 buttons.
But, in addition to individual player controls, most arcade cabinets had buttons

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c ONLI N E & C O N N ECTED n

Buildinga RNIRIEarcade cabinet Part 5

Continuedfrompage 89
game-friendly Microsoft OS. In my
research, other arcade builders tend to
choose an OS based on what they are
already most famiTiar with.
Now I had to decide on a computer to
host the system. Many of the games I
enjoyed most were relatively old, from
the "golden age" of the arcade.
They were made when computer
memory was limited and expensive, so
games of that era don't use much memory by today's standards (the ROMs for
Space Invaders and Asteroids are under
10KB apiece). By the mid-'80s. many
ROMs were up io several hundred kilobytes. and the most recent games available to MAME can be up to dozens of
megabytes in size.
The general rule of thumb is the more
recent the arcade game, the more processing power you' ll need. If I was just
planning on playing early games, a 300
MHz machine would be enough, bui I
wanted to be able to play games from the
late '80s and '90s too, so I opted for a 600
MHz system, which I loaded up with as

much RAM as it could take.

Since none of the gamesrequire
advanced 3D rendering, a standard video card is fine.
I was lucky to gel a Western
Digital monitor, instead of a more
typical TV screen, in the arcade
box I had bought. This meant I
could use it with a standard computer video output instead of having to find a computer video card
with a TV-out port.
However, the monitor is only
capable of a VGA (800x600 pixel)
resolution, so again, there wasn't
much point in investing in a video
accelerator card. C3

SONICbiue ieancbesthe Rie Riot

SONICblue(vrvvwaonicblue.com) hasunveiled its first hard drive-basedportable music player the RioRiot. The Rio Riot is built around a 20 GBhard drive that can hold more
than 5,000 songs (about 400 CDs'worth) ofdig-

ital music, andhasan integrated FMtuner.

The player integrates SONICbiue's Rio
LogicTrack user interface, which includes a
menu system with multiple track-sorting
opffons
,viewed on a 240x160 pixelbacklitdis-

play.
It runs on a rechargeable lithium ion battery
thatoffers 10 hours ofpower between charges,
acconling to SONICblue. A 16 MB SDRAMbuffer
helps conserve battery life by storing music in
memory so the hard drive doesn't spin during play-

back, whichalso prevents skipping.

Next bme:Buyingcomponents and
slartingto putthingstogelher.
Thanksgoto coconspiratorsPeter Liska
andMichaelWiiiemsfor sharingtheir
technicalknowledge.ThanksalsotoDallas
andthepeopleat theToronto Coin
MachineExchange
(wnw,pinballexchange.com/) whoprovided
us notonlywithpartsbutwere generous

Bundled MoodLogic personal music management

software cleans up ID3 tag information, generates and
sharesone-click playlists based on music tastes,auto classifies music,and recommends
songs.The Riotalso comes bundled with ReaLlukebox and iTunes musicmanagement soft-

ware,making itboth PC-and Mac-compatible.

The unitruns MP3 and WMA formats,and the company says it willbe upgradeable to
new digital standanls through software releases as they emerge.
The Rio Riot hasa suggested retailprice of US$399.95.

TCPStag

withtheir arneandexperlise.

',, ,D,an

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aanatann )

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COmyuteS c~o
www.canadacompuiea.corn

New 1 meg ADSL

E-Commerce

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ON THE EDGE:COMING-SOON PRODUCTS
$0 MARcH2002 THE coMPUTER PAPER GREATERTGRGNio EoinoN wwwcasadacmnpuiaa.mm

ISDN, VPN,
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wwwtcomputesc
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WiRNihglfGBB
Continuedfrompage 88
works in progress. Users are constantly
updating the information with new/better definitions and hyperlinks. In fact.
the site's authors put it best when they
point out that, "You can correct other
people on the spot without asking their
permission."
Each pagehas a sentence at the top
inviting users to correct and edit each
other. They edit what they see simply by
clicking on the invitation. This leads to

an editable version of the page, which

works just like a word processing pro-

'

AIW)P ISWIH
NINHIN $?SMIOM3% THSNQLTNEENGSECOOUNOFAN Q5 Fiawie PCICAOO/PQWIACsa %9/Ia

Kht I /IX/I? /14G $165/1%/175/IN beast?4INNN/INS Q

59 /319 Motcnh56KYNW
mae
AIWK79%/%0/16
51 N/139/m Sanmm
545IN/1210/sm SZN/329/719 USR50KSpsbsihlVN

NSW tn QQVNIlha $2fihi Way

For a guide to setting up your own site,
consult T h e W i k i W a y : Qu i ck
Collaboration on the Web,by Bo Leuf and

wh
ereof+

Times Digital, and Motorola,

technology was used in the real tnTO)g.

Cunningham and Leuf are enthus tl c

about Wiki's potential for widespread
application, but understand that some
compromises must be made when
implementing Wiki i n t h e business
world compromises such as requiring
passwords and restricting edit rights.
You can also visit CNET's Builder.om
site (go to bui)de/cneLcom and follow the
link to the Media Mojo column, then
scroll down to the WikiWikiWeb link),
where writer David J. Emberton takes
would-be Wi k iWikiWeb cr eators
their paces.
But beware, as E mberton says,
"Building Wiki sites can be surprisingly
addictive. Once your site launches, you' ll
'yourself
che cking
the
find
RecentChangespage regularly for new
user additions and changes." 0

throug
h

Self-installable WireleSSemail fOr I90AS

InfowaveSoftware has announced the debut ofInfowave Symmetry Pro,a secure wireless email software service for Palm- and Pocket PC-powered device users, that gives
them accessto corporate email,contacts,attachments,and caiendarinformation while

Qo

awayfrom theirdesks.via an "always on"type connection.

$35

Infowave's says the S)/mntett)/ Pro service allowsusers to create, forward, and reply
to email on their Palm 05 or Pocket PC handheld, with options to sort which email will
be forwarded to the device and to truncate messages forfastertransfer.They can also

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QQ MARCH?002 THECOMPI/TERIHPERGREA
TERIOROHlOEDITION wwwtenadstemputeo.corn

gram. While the content is not reviewed

before being accepted, every article has a
revision history that lets you read
changes to the document.
So what about cyber-vandals out to
undermine the integrity of the site with
bogus entries? There is a code of conduct. of course, but what rangy ensures
quality artides is the sheer number of
people who visit the site.
As the site's authors write: "khrtki pages
eventually represent nothing but intelligent discussion and informed consensus
because it's so much easier to delete
flames, spam, and trivia than to indulge
them. What remains is naturally meaningful."

Cunningham. The book covers all the

information you need to set up, customize, and run a Wiki server. It offers
an in-depth discussion of Wiki theory,
practical tips, and examples that demonstrate how to apply and adapt Wiki to
the demands of various situations.
Cunningham and L euf w r ite t hat
WikiWikiWebs have been used successfugy in research, business, and education
for documenting projects, brainstorming, and creating content in a collaborative fashion.
They offer case studies of orgartlxD
tions such as Georgia Tech, New!Ybtk

access contacts in their personal or global Outlook address book remotely. as weil as
their daily calendar, with the ability to make changes in their schedules and forward

them to others.
Beforemessages are forwarded from the desktop to the device, they are fully
e)tclypted and are not dec/)/pted untilthey arrive on the handheld device. The enclyp-

tion keys are never transmitted wirelessly, only by local synchronization. As waU, the
usel'
slogin credentialsare notstored anywhere on the system. According to Infowave,
SymmottyPro can be used in almost any corporate IT environment, since the desktop
communicataswith the service using outbound HTTPS only.
Thecompany saysSymmetry Pro iscompatiblewith CDPD, CD%A, fap)TS,and GSM net-

works, and can be used with services from many wireless carriers.
SymmetryPro can be downloaded from wwwspnmehypro.corn fora 24-day triaL After

the trial period, users can subscribe to the service for USE?D.DDper month.
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< ONLI N E 6 C O N N ECTED w

stylt. "ime-mode:disabled~tax(area>

CSSoxtensiom to IEt Part 3

Continuedfrom page88
has to enter several component charac-

If you view this code in your browser

and you do not have an IME, you will
not notice any dgference in the way you
can enter characters into the form.
Similarly, if you are not using IE 5w, you
will not see any dfiference in behaviour
when you enter text into the form.

ters, then con6rm which single character

they want displayed depending on

what's been entered as a base.
Now, let's sayyou are fifiing out a form
and want to enter Chinese characters
into certain sections and standard LatinI characters (those used in English.
French, and German) in the rest. To do
this, you would have to continually
switch modes when typing characters
into the various fields of the form.

The ime-mode CSS property introduced by Microsoft in IE 5.x allows you

to explicitlyset when an IME should be
used in a form. The ime-mode has four
values: auto. active, inactive. and disablecL Auto is the default value, which
does not affect an IME at afi; it is the
same asnot pacifying ime-mode. Active
tells the browser that afi characters being
entered are to be done via an IME, and
inactive tells the bmwser that characters
are to be entered without the use of an
IME. Active differs from disabled in that,
with active, the user still has the choice
of using an IME, but disabled completely disallows use of an IME.
The ime-mode CSS property only
works in conjunction with the ciuput
type="text> and ctextsreax tags. Here' s
some sample code that puts ime-mode
to work

cbxNamar >

toyoet~d properfies
Asian languagesoften use a layout struture in order to properly display characters, typically in the form of a one- or
two-dimensional grid. In order to set up
this grid structure, IE Suc employs a set
of layout grid CSS properties. There are
four of these properties: layout-gridmode. layout-grid-type, layout-grid-line
and layout-grid-char,each ofwhich controls a specific aspect of the layout grid.
There is an additional fifth "shorthand"
property called layout-grid, which
encompassesthe other four properties.
Probably the best way to show how it
works is to start out with some sample
code, then see how the individual pmperties can further shape it. In the following example, see how the Chinese text is
set apart from the English text, as if it
were laid-out in its own special area:
Example t Wr I>
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ple Z:<br/>

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Here issomeEnglish text.

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cp)
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it essentially sets the spacing value used

for separating one line of characters
from another. It can take a fixed length
value,a percentage value,or one oftwo
named values: none or auto. None is the
default value, and does not set a grid
value. Auto sets the gridline value to
equal that of the largest character in the
font used.
The l a yout-grid-char p r operty
behavesin much thesame way aslayoutgrid-line (and uses afi of the same values), but it is intended for use with
block-level elements, and must be used
in conjunction with layout-grid-mode
set to either line or both. The layoutgrid-type property sets the type of grid
to be used, and its three valuesare loose,

playedas usuaL The fi

xed value is for
creating a monospaced layout, where the.
sizeof each character is rendered the
same.

Example5&r /0
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type:fi
xed;layouts.line:14px;layout-gdd-chan

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t27489836814;a28459;&t28216;

idio
Here issamemore English text

Op>
If you are a Webmaster who uses
Asian characters in your Web site, it is
worth getting to know the layout-grid
set of properties for use in IE 5.x and
later. 0

Nextthee:More InternetExplorerCSS Proper

ty
Exte
nsions,Ketb Srhengili-Rubenswelcomes any
mmmeuis,suggestions, or HTMLtips you msy
have.Email Keth at roberlskC
rogets.cum. His
book onCSSpublished by Prentice Hall CoreCSS
(ISBN:0-134(845&4), is available in bookstores.

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allows the Web author to combine afi of.
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block-level elementslike cbluctquuto
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enables the char and line grid modes
together, and none sets no layout grid.
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whereas those in Example2 are more
tightly packed and slightly more ofiiet
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The dosest analogy lor the layout-grid
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character mts. The layout-grid properties, however, provide greater control.
Here's how they work layout-gridmode sets whether or not the layout grid
uses two dimensions, and can take one
of four values: line, char, both, and none.
Line sets up a line grid, which is recommended for use with inline elements-

strict, and 6xed. Loose is the default, and

is the type of grid that ought to be used
for Japanese or Korean characters. It
essentially adjusts the size of the grid to
6t both wide and narrow characters
equally weU. Strict is intended for use
primarily with Chinese and Korean
characters, and when set, ideographs,
kanas,and wide characters snap to thegridand afiother characters are dis-'

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R

Careers d Training
I T C a r e e r Tr e n d s

P r o d u c t i v i t y Ti p s I JT Tr i c k s

B o o k Re v i e w s

Volunteers take IT overseas

By lutdrewMoore-Cfispis
eekcorps(www.geekmrps.org) is a
non-profit organization intent
on "bridging the digital divide"
by bringing the Web and information
technology to small companies in developing countries, and helping them make
the most of the resources they have.
The organization was founded by its
chief executive, Ethan Zuckerman, who
rode the peak of the dot-corn wealth
wave of the late 1990s. Zuckerman hit
the jackpot when Internet search enghte
giant Lycos bought out Tripod. a company he helped to start, in I 998.
Currently. the fourth batch of
Geekcorps' digital missionaries are in
training, with plans to head to Accra. the
capital of Ghana.
Jonathan Wong, a 24 -year-old
Toronto native will be among them.
"I wanted to do something fun and
adventumus, something I can feel proud
about, and something that has some
lasting power in the world," Wong said,
"I'm fortunate to live in Toronto, and I
want to help out."
While in the West African nation,
Geekcorps volunteers live in a dorm-

style house called Geekhalla(www geekhslla.org),and work with companies in the

commulllty.

Wong, along with other Geekcorps

volunteers, will be pairedwith a company called Skao Graphix. They plan to
help the businessbecome more effective
and efficien, and to raise its profile.
Geekcorps isessentially a businessand
IT training service, with one fundamen-

tal difference,
"Instead of paying Geekcorps, [the
companies) have to pick a project to
do, something that will help the community," Wong said.
All expenses involved with getting
volunteers where they are needed are
paid by Geekcorps, which in turn is
funded by corporate sponsors and
individual donations.
Geekcorps is looking for volunteers
with three years or more experience
in a high tech-related field, which can
include software development, systems or network administration,
Web-based graphic design, business
development. or sales and marketing.
A desire to live overseas and work
closely with people from different
backgrounds. is the other prerequisite. According to its Web site,
Geekcorp is Enalizing new target countries for future projects, which are likely
to be in Latin America and the Middle
East.

Wongandhisgroup wiBbeleaving for

their four-month stint in Accra on Feb.
19. You canview their bios and diaries
on the Geekhalla site, once they arrive.
CanadaCompures.com

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Tu t o r i a l s

Threads in
Java: Part 1
n our last tutorial (" Security and
exception handling" i n TCP

January) we looked
at one of Java's pio-

neering programming innovations,

the try/catch/shally
blocks for handling
programming errors
and exceptions. In
this tutorial we' ll look at another Java
innovation: Java'seasy to use threads.
Threads are vital in server and Webbased systems because they are used to
enable multi-proeasing or concurrent
processing, which can make systems
much fasterand more responsive.
But wait a second, you say, multi-processing has long been a part of systems.
So what's new here? Well there are two
key innovations. First, a great deal of
multi-processing is done not by individual programs but by special scheduling
and/orload-balancing programs. These
Conrinued on page97

< CAREERS & T R A I N I N G e

Threadsin Java:part I

the same building and on the same server I am using. The query to access their
schedule of availability is quite quickless than a second. But two other members of the team are on another server
system, which is connected by a gateway
to my server. Here the average response
time is a broad five to 30 seconds. Finally,
the last member of the team is working
I'rom home and must be contacted over
the internet. Connecting to her calendar
can take five seconds, five minutes, or
longer.
I want to be able to continue to work
in my calendar program and be automaticagy notified when afi the queries
are done and the meeting schedule
options can be displayed. This requires
some within-program multitasking
using threads. And lava's use of threads
makes creating that multi-tasking capability a lot simpler than in other programming languages like C++, Object
Pascal. or Powerbuilder.

Continuedfrom page 96
programs are sometimes incorporated
into the operating system. Thesesystems
deliver large-scale but also coarsegrained multi-processing. They are
dubbed coarse-grained because many
sub-pmcesses (which could be further
m ulti-tasked and e xpedited) a r e
unreachable by these coarse-grained

multi-processors. Developers then use

fine-grained transaction processing systems, but theseare quite complex to pro-

gram anddevelop.
Enter lava threads. which simplify
considerably the task of developing Bnegrained multi-tasking within individual
programs. This capability is vital for
Web, mobile, portal. and other applications that tend to support many simultaneous tasks or processes.
Take a Web calendaring application,
forexample.Thisprogram must be able
to multi-process two or more queries of
other Web-based calendars and yet not
stop cold while waiting for those queries
to come in.
For example, I want to schedule a
meeting with Bve colleagues. Two are in

trreee m

Newbies overseas
f you' re interested in testing your IT

skills in a developing nation, but

don'thave the three years ofon-thejob experience Geekcorpsrequires, consider NetCorpsCanada International (wwwnet-

corps-cyb
erjeuass.orgf).

This program, part of the Canadian

Government'
sYouth EmploymentStrategy,
offers internships in developingcountries
to young adults with training in informationand communication technologies.
The volunteer placements are four to six

months,snd sre implemented by international development organizations including Canada World Youth (lead),
Alternatives,

be between 19 and 30 years old, and be

unemployed or under-employed prior to

the internship. Thoughtravel, food, lodgings,medical insurance, and a modest
monthly stipend are provided, NetCorps
requires volunteers to contribute to the

costof the inte

rnship via fund-misingor
other means.
NetCorps has offered internships in

C anadian C rossroads Bolivia, Brazil, Chiie, Costa Rica, the

Dominican Republic, Morocco, Sri lanka,

Internati
onal Health, CUSO, Human
RightsInternet,Dxfam-Quebec,and World

and Vietnam.
The organization has placed more than
500 volunteers to date,and hopes to fill
another 255 posit
ions by March 31.

Accordingto NatCorps,projects have a

devel
opment focus and can range from

There are two main ways to develop

threads in Java. Both are dead simple-

setting up and confi

guring hardware.
In addition to IT skigs required for a
specific project, NatCorps participants
must be Canadian or a landedimmigrant,

International, the Canadian Society for

University Service ofCanada.

Javathreads

ment, creating Web sites, developing

databases.networking workstations, and

establ
ishing Internet connections, to

Details on how to apply and information

about specific opportunities are available

prepari
ng manuals and documentation,
designing and providing skills develop-

through links at the NetCorps site.

Megan Johnston

Continued on page 98

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a CAREERS 6

T R A IN I N G w

Threads inMtm:pnrt I
Continued/rompage 97
which is what makes Java threads so
attractive. Developers can add multiprocessing capabiTities to their Java programs with much less development
elyort than ever. In addition, becauseJava
and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) do
much of the complex synchronization
tasks, the code produced tends to be
more reliable than the functionally
equivalent, but more demanding C++
code.
The 6rst method of creating threads is
to extend a classderived &om the Thread
class (public class Mythread extends

// Demoof UsingthreadswghRunnable interfere

import java.io.';
public dasshellnwImplements Runnable (
publicstagsmtcnt= o; prhreteint threadcnt;

pubgchelnwQ(
tnt++;System.out.println ( Definingthread no: +cnt);
threadcnt= cnk

)
// Mustimplement runQ methnd to makethreadswark
publicvoidrun Q(

try (

while (true) (
System.outprintln("Ihread="+gtreadmp;
lhread.sleep(pong) (threadcont' 400.00 ' Math.randomQ);
System.outpdntln( lastrandom+IOO.O0' Math.randomp);

Thread( ...). However. the more popular

and versatile method is to add the
Runnable interface to any classes you
want to run as threads. In Figure I, we
show code for a sample program that
does exactly this.
Here is how it works. First we add
implementsRunnable to the hepow class
declaration. By doing this, Java makes
available a
set of Thread methodsand exception handling features.The
only other requirement of theRunnable
interface is that the run method also has
to be degned.
But, as you can seeBom Fig. I, the run
method is not very complicated. It prints
out a message saying which object this
thread is running with. Then the
Thread.sleep(...) causes the thread to
sleep for 400 times the number of the
hdlow object (the values in this program
are from I to 3). Then the thread prints
out a random number between 0and 99,
and then the thread is done. Now comes
the interesting part. The just 6nished
thread now waits its turn to start ap over

com
plete

)
) cntsh(InteruptedExcepgonie) (SystenMutpringn( Interupt exception"+ ioe

publicstaticvoidmain(Stung() args) (
//create3 lhreads
Threadonegig= new lhread(new bellowQ); onegig.setDaemon(true);
lhreedtwoToo= new lhread(newhallow90); twoyonsetDaemnn(Sue);
ThreadthreeTall = newThread (new hallowp O;gtreeyagstnDaemnn(true);
//thenstart them
onegig.start Q;twoynoatart p; threeyallatatt p;
// andstopthem

try (
System.nutpringn( Enterkeychareder to stnp );
System)arcedQ;
System.outpringn ( Batfromrnugne");
) catch(IOException ioe) ()

perform tasks like printing or backup,

which can be spawned off so the main
program can continue. GUI threads
inherit from the Threads dass or use a
special case where the adapter dass is
made Runnable.And in Web and database applications.threads are integral to

the sophisticated asynchronousprocessulg.

Users will find the latter programming

quite complex (see Chapter 11 in Ivor
Horton's BeginningJava 2 for a sampling
of the synchronization coding). One
dangers in advanced threading applications is the possibility of deadlocksthe
program freezes because two or more

dependent threads cannot complete

because each has resources the other
needs. A second problem is damaged
objects associated with near deadlocks.
That has lead to the deprecation and discontinuanceof several thread methods
in the Threads class. Thus users should

avoid using:
desbnyQ
Instead,usejninp ornotify() andthenyieldp orto
dn equivalent.

suspendp/resum
eP
ThispairofcommandsarereplacedbynnfiyP,
wsitp,andintenuptp, alongwith thesynchronized
keyunrd.
StopQ
Thismmmsndisrephced byseIDaemnn(nue),

jniap,sleepQ,orexplicitly throwingaThread
excepllnh.

again, repeating the run method over

again. AB three threads will alternate in
an endless loop because none of the
threads tells any of the others to stop.
However, our main program has been

IBM patent winner for ninth year

WASHINGTON, D.C.IBN Corp. was by far the most prolific patent recipient In 2001,
leadinga pack of other high-tech companies in the U.S.Patent 0 Trademark Office's

top 10 list for the ninth year in a row.

IBM wasawarded 3,411 patents forinventions in 2001, nearly 1,500 more patents
than NEC Corp.,the second-biggest patent winner last year.

Theothertop 10 patent recipients for2001 were Canon,Micron Technology Inc.,

clever. It has linked each thread back to

itself by declaring each one as a daemon
of main. So, when main stops, so will ag
itsdependent daemons or threads.Our
main program looks for a carriage return
on input and then terminates itself. As
soon as it does so, ag its dependent
threads are also terminated.
You can check that this is true by setting rwoToo.reiDaemon(/aire); and rerunning the program. Now the second
thread continues to spit out random
numbers even though the main program
(or, as it turns out from Java's point of
view, the main thread) has stopped.

Samsung Electronics Co., Natsushita Electrical Industrial Co., Sony Corp., Hitacht

Nitsubishi, and fujitsu Ltd., respectively.

Whyusethrends

IBM sai
d it was proud to become the first patent holder in historyto be granted

morethan 3,000 patents in a single year.

"One ofthe biggest myths of2001 was that innovation was dying along with the
dot-cor
n bust," said IBM senior vice-president Nick Dnnnfiio."The fact isthatinno-

vation is thriving in the research anddevelopment labs of corporate America and

companiesaroundthe worid, as this year'sresults confirm."
Neivsbytes

00 MAROi znnz rusGNPUKRPAPEe GREATERroeONlosomON wwwcrnadaaurszrssmm

So what if threads are easy to do? Why

and when do I need to use threads?Here
are the situations. In graphics applications, animations use threads aBover the
place and the simple Runnable interface
works well. In GUI applets, threads are
often used with menu commands that

As the user will see in LearningJava or

in
the
Thr ead Tu torials at
wwwjsvsworidcnm, handling threads can
quickly become quite complex. Users
who have to do complex thread programming should check out the Bank
Accounts application in Ivor Horton's
BeginningJava 2.
It is important to know the basics
around threads because users will be
using them in applets and GUI programming. But again, be cautioned: thread
programming especially sharing of
common resources like memory, disk
space, queues, and loggias (aB of which
are limited resources with potentially
unlimited users) require great programming Bnesse and skill So users are
advised to be aware of the power and the

limits to threads in their Java programming. C3

JacquesSurreyer issconsultant andphotographer, hecanbe reachanat
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c CAREERS g

TRAINI NG >

Welcome to wireless U
Cost savings, and the benefits of 'no new wires' push
institutions toward wireless networking
By TemVeneBS
entennial College's(www.
ceatennisl
-

colege.ca) recent plans to build a

wirelesscampus in Scarborough,
Ont. is part of a growing trend among
Canadian post-secondary institutions to
use wireless technologies.
The Centennial College project is part
of a st rategic alliance between
Centennial and two high-tech compa-

nies, Compaq Canada (www

.compaq.ca)
and Avaya Canada (wwwavaya.corn).
During thegroundbreakingceremonyat
the Centennial College conference centre last fall, Compaq representative
Victor Garcia offered to "give people a

glimpse of what a wireless campus

would look like." Garcia, who is the
managing prinripal for Compaq Global
Services in Canada, notetk "We call this
adding the I to the three Rs" (the I being

Click Here

the Internet, and the three Rs being

fmm. And that can be sitting in a park,
reading, writing, and arithmetic).
in a library, or a cofyeeshop."
Following the ceremony, a demonstraCentennial College is not the only
tion using a Compaq server and an
post-secondary institution installing
Avaya voice-over-IP server showed how
wireless networks for the students and
students would be able to accessthe colfaculty, and the reasons for the attraclege'sservers or the Internet using a varition to this technology are based on both
ety of wireless devices.
budgetary and architectural preservaGarcia said the wireless campus nettion concerns.
work would allow students to accessan
Chrisann Merriman, solutions marelectronic blackboard, learning sites.
keting manager with Rochester, N.H.online course listings, grades, and other
based Enterasys N etworks I n c.
services that are expected to promote
(wwwentemsts.com)says many post-sebetter and faster communications ondary institutions are turning to wirebetween students and facuhy.
less networks because of the cost savings
"How we study has changed," Garcia
it ofFers. It has been suggested that a
said. "Before, we would go to a class- wireless network can be 20 to 30 times
room, sit in that riass, take notes and
cheaper than a standard wired network
As welk campuses with older, historithen go to our dorm room to work and
study. Today, we need to have access to
cal buildings are limited in how much
information from wherever we are and
they can or want to physically alter
where we are comfortable studying
buildings in order to install a traditional
wired network
"For historical reasons they can't really gouge through walls or afFect the look
and feel of a particular building in order
to put in Internet access," Memman
says. "But students are looking for ubiquitous Internet accemalong with the fac*
~
ulty. The best alternative is to wirelessly
enable the campus."

terloo.a) in Waterloo Ont. finding ways

to incorporate wireless networking into
the regtdar classroom experience.
"Simon Fraser is doing a pilot project
with their student teachers so they can
better prepare the teachers in how to use
technology in the riassroom," Merriman

adds.
For sometime, U of T has beendeveloping a wireless network across its
downtown St. George campus, as well as
in various parts of its campus in subur-

ban Scarborough.
Norman Houseiy, manager of network desi(pi, implementation and services with U of T, says the network can
handle up to 2,000 concurrent sessions.
To date. he has seen up to 430 users
accessing the network simultaneously,
but he expects that to change as more
students learn of the network and as
more professorsbegin to incorporate the
network as a regular part of the classroom experience and teaching process.
U o f T' s R otman School o f
Management (www.ra!man.utoionto.ca) has
mandated that all of its students have a
notebook PC with wireless capabiTities.
Professors will be making more of their

t o A i m f o r t h e To p
I MISc Inform a t i o n S y s t e m s
Online
Flexible admission
Work while you learn

course materials, supplementary readings, and additional lecture notes avail-

Enterasys has been working with the

able wirelessly through secure servers.

University of Toronto (U of T , at
www.utolontoxa) in its wireless rogout. It
has also been with Simon Fraser
University (wwwsht.ca)in Burnaby, B.C.
and the University of Waterloo(www.uws-

And New York's Ho(stra University

(wwwhofstm.edu)is using its wireless network to give law students access to upto-date legal information I'rom laptops
and wirelessdevices while in class. Cl

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< NEW rr NO T AB LE s

Net addressing authorities to,

I
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and Numbers (ICANN) convenes this

the ICANN Board'will address potential '

concerns about how higher-layer naming

link "keywords" to traditional ",corn"

layernames should be counted as sepa- .

addresses are offering higher-layer narning services.

When RealNames li
nks an Internet
keyword to an existing Internet address,
Web surf
ers using Microsoft's Internet

rate Internet addresses and about the

interactivity of higher-layer names that
u se non-Roman characters will b e
addressedatthe meeting, Hewitt said.
Newsbytes:

student Eric argd Partg

2.Microsoft

The board,which makes al

l final,
ICANN decisions, will look to determine
how and whether ICANN. should craft

addressing policies to account for the

growing extent of higher-layer naming .
activities.
Questions about whether some higher-

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While such offer

ings don't come
directly under ICANN's scope, Hewitt said '

March in Afrita,
ICANN, which manages the Internet's
worldwide addressing system, 'will-for
the first time address the issue of
"higher-layer" naming at its meeting in
Ghana, according to ICANN representative Nary Hewitt.
Higher-layer naming refers to Internet
navigation tools that are superimposed
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