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> Technical Knowledge > FAQs > NDT FAQs > FAQ: Which standards stipulate delay time before inspecting
welds?
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1. Size applies to the nominal throat thickness (a) of a fillet weld, the nominal weld depth (s) of a partial
penetration butt welld, or the nominal material thickness (s) of a full penetration weld.
2. If two fillet welds are separated an unfused root face of less than 10mm then the governing weld size (a) shall
be taken as the sum of their individual weld sizes.
3. Heat input to be calculated in accordance with clause 19 of BS EN 1011-1.
4. The time between weld completion and commencement of NDT shall be stated in the NDT report. In the case of
'cooling period only' this will last until the weld is cool enough for NDT to commence.
Reproduced by permission British Constructional Steelwork Association.
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2010 'Structural Welding Code - Steel'
Paragraph 6.11 states: '...Acceptance criteria for ASTM A 514, A517, and A709 Grade 100 and 100W steels shall be
based on NDT performed not less than 48 hours after completion of the welds...'. (These are all 690MPa yield grades,
and for other grades, inspection immediately after completed welds have cooled to ambient temperature is permitted.)
Further information
http://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/faqs/ndt/faq-which-standards-stipulate-... 8/6/2016
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Some recommendations for the delay time for a range of conditions are given in the abstract below. See the full paper
Introduction
In the welding of ferritic steels, the most common form of fabrication cracking is that caused by hydrogen
embrittlement. It is well known that there can be some delay between the completion of welding and the formation of
hydrogen cracks in ferritic steels. If, therefore, inspection is carried out too soon after welding, these cracks may not
be detected, with potentially catastrophic consequences. On the other hand, excessive delays after welding prior to
inspection can have serious financial implications due to, for example, hold ups in production.
Procedure
In this test programme, multipass butt welds were made in a variety of steels, at near threshold hydrogen cracking
conditions, and the development of hydrogen cracking was monitored using ultrasonic examination. For the majority of
the work, welds were stop ended bead in groove, in 50mm thick plate. Using this basic geometry, effects of parent
material and welding consumable, heat input, hydrogen level and restraint were explored. Some trials were also carried
out at higher heat input using larger submerged arc butt welded panels.
Conclusions
Based on the above results, recommendations have been made for minimum delays which should be imposed between
completion of welding and inspection for hydrogen cracking in butt welds of up to 50mm thickness, as summarised in
the table below:
Material
Welding
Process
SMAW
C-Mn steel, up to 450 MPa yield SAW
SAW
High Strength steels, such as
SMAW
HY100 (690MPa yield)
1.2
64
72
See further information about Materials and Corrosion Management, or please contact us.
http://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/faqs/ndt/faq-which-standards-stipulate-... 8/6/2016