acronym: considered to be a "word" in its original sense formed from the initials of one

or more words that is pronounceable like a normal word, such as NATO, sometimes in
distinction to initialism; reflecting a historical development from its component word
initials

allonym: an author's name of another person's, often a well-known person's, name; an

alternative term for a pseudonym

anacronym: an acronym that is so well-established that its origin as an abbreviation is no

longer widely known (a portmanteau of anachronism + acronym), for example scuba and
laser; historically an acronym whose component initials are in danger of no longer being
recognized

anonym: something created anonymously, or its creator; an unknown author; this term
now generally replaced by pseudonym

anepronym: a portmanteau of anacronym and eponym; an original eponym of a

trademark term that becomes so well established that it is used to define other objects that
share its own definition (e.g., aspirin)

anthroponym: a name of a human being; as reflected in surnames or proper names of

people

antonym: a word with the exact opposite meaning of another word; an antithesis: often
shown in opposite word pairs such as "high" and "low" (compare with "synonym")

apronym: a word, which as an acronym or backronym, has a meaning related to the

meaning of the words constituting the acronym or backronym; such as PLATO for
"Programmed Logic for Automated Teaching" alluding to Plato, the philosopher and
teacher

aptronym: a name appropriate to its owner's occupation or physical properties, such as

"Goldsmith" or "Longman" (compare with "charactonym") coined by Franklin P.
Adams

astronym: a name of a star (or more loosely of a constellation or other heavenly body)

autonym: Botanical nomenclature for an automatically created name

backronym: an ordinary word understood as an (usually amusing or ironic) acronym (a

portmanteau of back + acronym), such as Fiat understood as "Fix It Again Tomorrow"

basionym: the first name published for a biological taxon (species, genus, etc.), which
remains the defining name for the taxon even when the taxon has been transferred to a
new name

capitonym: a word that changes its meaning (and sometimes pronunciation) when it is
capitalized, such as March and march or Polish and polish.

charactonym: a name of a fictional character reflected in his personality traits, such as

Shakespeare's Pistol or Bottom (compare with "aptronym")

chrematonym: a name of a politico-economic or commercial or cultural institution or

thing; a catch-all category

consonym: a word that has the same consonants as another word, in the same order,
ignoring all vowels. An aconsonym is the same concept in an opposite order : language
game 1979 by Gary Pisher; to be specific a: originally, such a word constructed
phonetically (as exam, with consonant pattern /gzm/ = eczema and gizmo). Revised rules
by Philip M. Cohen always consider /w/ and /y/ consonants. b: such a word constructed
alphabetically (as thence, with consonant pattern "thnc" = ethnic), sometimes
distinguished as strict consonym, where "y" is always a consonant, and permissive
consonym, where "y" is always a vowel.

contronym or antagonym or autoantonym: a word that may have opposite meanings in

different contexts, such as cleave meaning "stick together" or "split apart"

cryptonym: a code name; a word or name used clandestinely to refer to another name or
word

demonym: a name, derived from a place name, for residents of that place (e.g., Utahn,
from Utah, or Sioux Cityan, from Sioux City) coined by George H. Scheetz, according
to Paul Dickson in What Do You Call a Person From...? A Dictionary of Resident Names.
[2]
The term first appeared in print in 1988 in Names' Names: A Descriptive and
Prescriptive Onymicon by George H. Scheetz.[3] See also taxonym.

endonym: A self-assigned name by locals of a place. Also known as an autonym (not to

be confused with the autonym in botany).

eponym: a botanical, zoological, artwork, or place name that derives from a real or
legendary person; a name for a real or hypothetical person from whom a botanical,
geographical, artwork or zoological name is derived; a person after whom a medical
condition is named, or the condition so named. A type of taxonym.

ergonym: sometimes used for the name of an institution or commercial firm

ethnonym: a name of an ethnic group. A type of taxonym.

exonym: a name used by one group of people for another group, but who call themselves
by a different name, such as "Germans" for "Deutsche"; a place name used by one group
that differs from the name used by the people who live there, such as "Cologne" for
"Kln"

geonym: a name of a geographic feature

glossonym or glottonym: a name of a language

heteronym: a word that is spelled in the same way as another but that has a different
sound and meaning, for example "bow" as in "bow of a ship" or "bow and arrow"
(compare "homonym")

hodonym: a name of a street or road

holonym: a word for the whole of which other words are part, in the way house contains
roof, door and window; or car contains steering-wheel and engine (compare "meronym")

homonym: 1: a: a word pronounced like another, but differing in meaning or derivation

or spellingalso known as homophone (to, too, two). b: a word spelled like another, but
differing in derivation or meaning or pronunciationalso known as homograph or
heteronym (lead, to conduct, and lead, the metal). Compare autantonym, contronym, and
heteronym. c: a word spelled and pronounced like another, but differing in meaning (pool
of water, and pool, the game). 2: a namesake. 3: Biol. a taxonomic designation rejected
because the identical term has been used to designate another group of the same rank.
Compare synonym.

hydronym: a name of river, lake, or other body of water

hypernym: sometimes spelled hyperonym, a generic word that stands for a class or group
of equally-ranked items, such as "tree" for "beech" or "elm," or "house" for "chalet" or
"bungalow." A hypernym is said to be "superordinate" to a hyponym.

hypocoronym or hypocoristic: a colloquial, usually unofficial, name of an entity; a petname or "nickname"

hyponym: an item that belongs to and is equally-ranked in a generic class or group, for
example "lily" or "violet" in the class of "flowers"; or "limousine" or "hatchback" in the
class of "automobiles." A hyponym is said to be "subordinate" to a hyperonym.

isonym: 1: a word having the same root or stem as another also known as paronym.
Compare exonym, heteronym, paronym, and synonym. 2: one person's surname that is
the same as another person's surname.[4][5]

meronym: a word that names a part that belongs to and is therefore subordinate to a
larger entity; a part-whole relationship, such as "door" or "window" in "house", or
"engine" or "steering-wheel" in "car" (compare "holonym")

metonym: a word that substitutes a part for the whole it is associated with, for example
"crown" for "monarch"; metonymy is the figure of speech incorporating a metonym

matronym or matronymic: a name of a human being making reference to that person's

mother (contrast "patronym")

mononym: a word indicating the "single name" as generally applied to people e.g.
Madonna or Plato.

microtoponym: a word indicating an uninhabited place cf. toponym.

necronym: a reference to or name of a person who has died.

numeronym: is a number-based word.

odonym: a name of a street or road.

oikonym or (Latinized) oeconym: a name of a house or other building

oronym: (1) a name of a hill, mountain, or mountain-range; (2) a neologism for

homophonic words or phrases.

paronym: a word that is related to another word and derives from the same root; a
cognate word, such as dubious and doubtful

patronym or patronymic: a name adopted from the father's or ancestor's name, for
example "Johnson" from "John," "MacDonald" from "Donald," "O'Brien" from "Brien,"
or "Ivanovich" from "Ivan"

phytonym: a name of a plant

pseudonym: a false and fictitious name, especially one adopted by an author; a pen name

retronym: a compound or modified noun that replaces an original simple noun, for
example "analog watch" now means what "watch" used to mean before the invention of
the digital watch; and motorcycles became "solo motorcycles" when others were built
with sidecars

synonym: a word equivalent in meaning or nearly so to another word; a word that may be
substituted for another word that has the same or a similar meaning, such as near and
close (compare "antonym")

tautonym: a binomial or scientific name in the taxonomy of living things in which the
generic and specific names are the same, such as Gorilla gorilla; a scientific name in
which the specific name is repeated, such as Homo sapiens sapiens as distinct from
Homo sapiens neanderthalensis; a noun component that is repeated, such as aye-aye or
tom-tom; a personal name where both forename and surname are identical, such as
Francis Francis

taxonym: a name used for classification or identification purposes, usually signifying a

relationship to something. Taxonyms include binomens, names of clades or taxons,
demonyms, ethnonyms, and eponyms. Examples include canine, hominid, and Dryad.

tecnonym: a teknonym, q.v.[6]

teknonym (or tecnonym): 1: Ethnol. a parent's name derived from a child's name
(practiced among some indigenous peoples) (from teknonymy). Compare paedonym.[6][7]
2: a child's name when used to identify a person as the parent of that child, rather than by
that person's personal name ("Look, there's Tim's father").[8]

textonym: a word that is generated by a single sequence of numerals keyed in to a mobile

telephone; for example, 726 produces pam, ram, sam, and ran. Also called homonumeric
words.[9]

theonym: a name of a god. The names societies give their gods at times is useful in
understanding the origin of their language as well as their view of a particular deity.
Analysis of theonyms has been useful in understanding the connections of Indo-European
languages, and possibly their religions, in particular. In Abrahamic faiths the origin and
meaning of the Tetragrammaton is sometimes deemed to have important historical or
even metaphysical meaning.

theronym: a name especially a product name that has been derived from the name
of an animal.[10]

toponym: a place or geographical name; the name of an area of the body, as

distinguished from the name of an organ

troponym: a verb convoying a meaning that is a particular case of the meaning of

another verb. For example, to duel is a troponym of to fight; to write is a troponym of to
communicate; etc.

zoonym: a name of an animal