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Home Study Material IIT JEE Mathematics Trigonometry Properties and Solution of Triangles
Solution of Triangles
Solution of Triangles
Trigonometry
In a triangle ABC, the vertices and the angles are denoted by capital
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Sine rule
This rule states that the sides of any triangle are proportional to the
sines of the angle opposite to them in ?ABC, i.e.
a/ sin A = b/ sin B = c/ sin C
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Note:
The rule can further be expressed as (sin A)/a = (sin B)/b = (sin C)/c
The rule is extremely useful for expressing the sides of a triangle in
terms of sines of angle or vice versa as per the requirement of the
question. Hence, for the form a/ sin A = b/ sin B = c/ sin C = k, we
have,
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Cosine rule
In any triangle ABC, the following results hold good:
Solved Examples of
Solution of Traingle
Solved Examples
on Solution of
Triangles...
cos A = (b 2 + c2 - a2)/2ac
cos B = (a2 + c2 - b 2)/2ac
2
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Circles Connected
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cos C =
(a2
b2
c2)/2ab
With Triangle
Note: In case
Circles Connected
With Triangle
A = 60, then b 2 + c2 - a2 = bc
Solution of...
B = 60, then a2 + c2 - b 2 = ac
C = 60, then a2 + b 2 - c2 = ab
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Projection rule:
a = b cosC + c cosB
b = c cosA + a cosC
c = a cosB + b cosA
Area of a triangle
Solution:
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Solution:
Whenever we need to find the length of a side, a different sort of sine
formula is used which simplifies the calculation of length:
Using the result, a/sin A = b/ sin B
Here, a = 7, b = x, A = 60, B = 80
7/ sin (60)) = x / sin (80)
Multiplying both sides by sin (80) for simplification we get
(7/sin (60)) sin (80) = x
Hence, on simplification we get
x = 7.96, hence this is the required length.
Illustration:
Find the missing side in the diagram below:
Solution:
Here, we will have to apply the cosine formula.
a2 = b 2 + c2 - 2bc cos A
Hence substituting the values we get,
h2 = 882 + 1462 288146cos 53
h2 = 13595.761.
For more clarification, refer the video
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m-n theorem
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If D be the point on the side BC of a triangle ABC which divides the side
BC in the ratio m: n, then with respect to the figure given below, we
have:
Apollonius theorem
Consider a triangle ABC. As depicted in the figure given below, D is the
median through A.
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Also B + C/2 = 90o - A/2, so that B and C can be evaluated. The third
side is given by a = b sin A/sin B or a2 = b 2 + c2 2bc cos A.
If two sides b and c and the angle B (opposite to side b) are given,
o
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Alternative Method:
By applying cosine rule, we have cos B = a2 + c2 - b 2/2ac
a2 (2c cos B) a + (c2 b 2) = 0
exist if and only if b 2 - (c sin B)2 > c cos B b > c. So in this case
only one triangle is possible.
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