RESEARCH

P.E
CHUA ,MARIELLE ANNE BEATRICE P.
VIII-DILIGENCE
MR.DASIGAN

Futsal-is a variant of association football played on a smaller field

and mainly indoors. It can be considered a version of five-a-side
football.
-is played between two teams of five players each, one of whom
is the goalkeeper. Unlimited substitutions are permitted. Unlike some
other forms of indoor football, the game is played on a hard court
surface delimited by lines; walls or boards are not used. Futsal is also
played with a smaller ball with less bounce than a regular football due
to the surface of the field.The surface, ball and rules create an emphasis
on improvisation, creativity and technique as well as ball control and
passing in small spaces.

NAMING
Futsal comes from Spanish ftbol sala or ftbol de saln , which can be
translated as "room football". During the sport's second world
championships held in Madrid in 1985, the Spanish name ftbol sala
was used. Since then, all other names have been officially and
internationally changed to futsal. The naming was due to a dispute
between FIFUSA (the predecessor to the AMF) and FIFA over the name
of ftbol, FIFUSA has registered the word fut-sal in 1985 (Madrid,
Spain). Since then FIFA has also started using the term futsal. The name

has been translated into Portuguese as futebol de salo, Spanish

as ftbol sala, Italian as calcio a 5, and French as football de
salle.

HISTORY
Origins
"Futsal" started in 1930 when Juan Carlos Ceriani, a teacher in
Montevideo, Uruguay, created a version of indoor football for
recreation in YMCAs.[citation needed] This new sport was originally
developed for playing on basketball courts, and a rule book was
published in September 1933.[citation needed] His goal was to create a
team game that could be played indoor or outdoor but that was similar
to football, which became quite popular there after Uruguay won the
1930 World Cup and gold medals in the 1924 and 1928 Summer
Olympics.
Ceriani, writing the rule book, took as example the principles of football
(the possibility to touch the ball with every part of the body except for
the hands), but he took rules from other sports too: from basketball the
number of team players (five) and the game duration (40 actual
minutes); from water polo the rules about the goalkeeper; from team
handball for the field and nets sizes. The result is a lively, evolved,
dynamic, active and supportive sport.
The game spread immediately throughout Latin America, developing a
cult following. It was easily played by everyone, everywhere, and in any
weather condition, even in winter, without any difficulty, helping players
to stay in shape all year round. These reasons convinced Joo Lotufo, a
Brazilian, to bring this game to his country and adapt it to the needs of
physical education.
Initially, the rules were not uniform. In 1956, the rules were modified by
Habib Maphuz and needed]. Luiz de Oliveira wrote the "Book of Rules
of Fuitsal" in 1956, then adopted also at the international level.

In 1965 the Confederacin Sudamericana de Ftbol de Saln (South

American Futsal Confederation) was formed, consisting of Uruguay,
Paraguay, Peru, Argentina and Brazil.
Shortly after, a unique tournament was organized. It attracted some
interest in South American media, which regularly began to follow
futsal. In particular, it was the journalist Jos Antnio Inglz who
passionately contributed to the rapid spread of the game, as well as
being credited as the man who coined the name futsal to define the
sport.
Luiz Gonzaga de Oliveira Fernandes within the YMCA of So

Paulo Brazil to allow seniors to compete[citation

THE FIELD
The field is made up of wood or artificial material, or similar surface, although
any flat, smooth and non-abrasive material may be used. The length of the field is
in the range of 3842 m (4246 yd), and the width is in the range of 2025 m (22
27 yd) in international matches. For other matches, it can be 2542 m (2746 yd)
in length, while the width can be 1625 m (1727 yd), as long as the length of the
longer boundary lines (touchlines) are greater than the shorter boundaries where
the goals are placed (goal lines). The "standard" size court for an international is
40 m 20 m (44 yd 22 yd).[15] The ceiling must be at least 4 m (4 yd) high.A
rectangular goal is positioned at the middle of each goal line. The inner edges of
the vertical goal posts must be 3 m (3.3 yd) apart, and the lower edge of the
horizontal crossbar supported by the goal posts must be 2 m (2.2 yd) above the
ground. Nets made of hemp, jute or nylon are attached to the back of the goalposts
and crossbar. The lower part of the nets is attached to curved tubing or another
suitable means of support. The depth of the goal is 80 cm (31 in) at the top and 1 m
(3.3 ft) at the bottom.

In front of each goal is an area known as the penalty area. This area is created by
drawing quarter-circles with a 6 m (6.6 yd) radius from the goal line, centered on
the goalposts. The upper part of each quarter-circle is then joined by a 3.16 m
(3.46 yd) line running parallel to the goal line between the goalposts. The line
marking the edge of the penalty area is known as the penalty area line.The penalty
area marks where the goalkeeper is allowed to touch the ball with hands. The
penalty mark is six metres from the goal line when it reaches the middle of the
goalposts. The second penalty mark is 10 metres (11 yd) from the goal line when it
reaches the middle of the goalposts. A penalty kick from the penalty spot is
awarded if a player commits a foul inside the penalty area.The second penalty spot
is used if a player commits their team's sixth foul in the opposing team's half or in
their own half in the area bordered by the halfway line and an imaginary line
parallel to halfway line passing through the second penalty mark; the free kick is
taken from the second penalty mark.

Any standard team handball field can be used for futsal, including goals
and floor markings

RULES
There are currently two governing bodies: Asociacin Mundial de
Ftbol de Saln (AMF) and Fdration Internationale de Football
Association (FIFA). AMF and FIFA are responsible for maintaining and
regulating the official rules of their respective versions of futsal.

FIFA publishes its futsal rules as the 'Laws of the Game', in which each
of the 17 'laws' is a thematically related collection of individual
regulations. The laws define all aspects of the game, including what may
be changed to suit local competitions and leagues.

Length of the
field

minimum 25x16m, maximum 42x25m.

Size 4, circumference 6264 cm, weight between 400-440g

Ball

at the start of the game.

Dropped from a height of 2m, the first rebound must not be
lower than 50 cm or more than 65 cm.[8]
There are two periods of 20 minutes with time stopping at
every dead ball. Between the two periods there is a break of

Time

15 minutes. Each team may use one time-out per half, which
lasts one minute. Some lower leagues and tournaments use
24 minute periods with running time.
There are five players for each team in the field, one of them

Number of

as goalkeeper, and a maximum number of 12 players that

players

can be used each match. Substitutions are unlimited and onthe-fly.

All direct free kicks count as accumulated fouls. A direct free
kick is awarded for kicking, tripping, charging, jumping,
pushing, striking, tackling, holding, spitting, and deliberate

Fouls

handling. Indirect free kicks, such as playing dangerously

and impeding, do not count as accumulated fouls. A team is
warned by the referee when they commit five accumulated
fouls in a half.

Cards

A yellow card is shown for unsporting behavior, dissent, time

wasting, encroachment, persistent infringement, and illegal
subbing. A red card is shown for serious foul play, violent
conduct, spitting, denying an obvious goal-scoring
opportunity, abusive language, and receiving a second

yellow. Red carded players are ejected from the game and
their team must play short for two minutes or until the other
team scores a goal.
Taken from the spot of the infringement or on the line of the
penalty area nearest the infringement (indirect only). All
Free kicks

opponents must be at least 5m away from the ball. The kick

must be taken within four seconds or an indirect kick is
awarded to the other team.

Kick from the

second penalty
mark
Penalty kick

Awarded when a team commits 6 or more accumulated fouls

in a half. Second penalty mark is 10m from the goal,
opponents must be behind the ball, goalkeeper must be at
least 5m away
6m from the center of the goal for fouls inside the 6m goal
keeper's area.
When in possession of the ball, the goalkeeper has 4

Goalkeeper

seconds to get rid of the ball. If the ball is kept too long, the
referee will give an indirect kick to the other team. The
goalkeeper may play freely when in the opponent's half.
Once the goalkeeper has released the ball either by kicking

Goalkeeper

or throwing, the goalkeeper may not touch it again until the

pass-back

ball goes out of play or is touched by an opponent. The

restriction

sanction for violation is an indirect free kick. The goalkeeper

may receive the ball freely when on the opponent's half

Kick-in

A kick-in is used instead of a throw-in. The player must place

the ball on the touchline or outside but not more than 25 cm
from the place the ball when out of play. The ball must be
stationary and the kick-in must be taken within 4 seconds
from the time the player is ready. During kick-in, opponents
must stand at least 5m from the ball. If four seconds elapses

or an illegal kick is taken, the referee will award a kick-in to

the other team. It is not allowed to score directly from a kickin: the goal is valid only if someone else touches the ball
before it enters in goal.
A goal clearance is used instead of a goal kick. The
goalkeeper must throw the ball with their hands and it must
Goal clearance

leave the penalty area within four seconds. If goal clearance

is taken illegally the goalkeeper may retry, but the referee will
not reset the count. If four seconds elapses, the other team
gets an indirect kick on the penalty area line.
The ball must be placed inside the arc nearest to the point
where the ball crossed the goal line and the opponent must

Corner kick

stand on field at least 5 m from the corner arch until the ball
is in play. The corner kick must be taken within 4 seconds of
being ready or else a goal clearance will be awarded to the
other team. The ball is in play when it is kicked and moves.
For international matches, there must be two referees: one
(first referee) is positioned on the touchline near the
timekeeper table and communicates with the timekeeper,
while the other (second referee) is in the opposite side of the

Referees

field. At the timekeeper table there is a timekeeper and a

third referee, who controls the teams benches.
In minor events, the third referees and the timekeeper are
not used. [9]

Duration and tie-breaking methods

A standard match consists of two equal periods of 20 minutes. The length of either
half is extended to allow penalty kicks to be taken or a direct free kick to be taken
against a team that has committed more than five fouls. The interval between the
two halves cannot exceed 15 minutes.
In some competitions, the game cannot end in a draw, so away goals, extra time
and penalties are the three methods for determining the winner after a match has
been drawn. Away goals mean that if the team's score is level after playing one
home and one away game, the goals scored in the away match count as double.
Extra time consists of two periods of five minutes. If no winner is produced after
these methods, five penalties are taken, and the team that has scored the most
wins. If it is not decided after five penalties, it continues to go on with one extra
penalty to each team at a time until one of them has scored more goals than the
other. Unlike extra time, the goals scored in a penalty shoot-out do not count
towards the goals scored throughout the match.

The start and restart of play

At the beginning of the match, a coin toss is used to decide who will start the
match. A kick-off is used to signal the start of play and is also used at the start of
the second half and any periods of extra time. It is also used after a goal has been
scored, with the other team starting the play. After a temporary stoppage for any
reason not mentioned in the Laws of the Game, the referee will drop the ball where
the play was stopped, provided that, prior to the stoppage, the ball was in play and
had not crossed either the touch lines or goal lies.
If the ball goes over the goal line or touchline, hits the ceiling, or the play is
stopped by the referee, the ball is out of play. If it hits the ceiling of an indoor
arena, play is restarted with a kick-in to the opponents of the team that last
touched the ball, under the place where it hit the ceiling.

Lack of offside rule

Unlike football, there is no offside rule in futsal. Attackers can get much closer to
the goal than they can in the traditional outdoor version of football.

Misconduct
Players are cautioned with a yellow card and sent off with a red card.A direct free
kick can be awarded to the opposing team if a player succeeds or attempts to kick
or trip an opponent, jumps, charges or pushes an opponent, or strikes or attempts
to strike an opponent. Holding, touching or spitting at an opponent are offenses
that are worthy of a direct free kick, as are sliding in to play the ball while an
opponent is playing it or carrying, striking or throwing the ball (except the
goalkeeper). These are all accumulated fouls. The direct free kick is taken where
the infringement occurred, unless it is awarded to the defending team in their
penalty area, in which case the free kick may be taken from anywhere inside the
penalty area.[A penalty kick is awarded if a player commits one of the fouls that
are worthy of a direct free kick inside their own penalty area. The position of the
ball does not matter as long as it is in play but for a penalty kick, the ball must be
on the outer line, perpendicular to the center of the net.
An indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team if a goalkeeper clears the
ball but then touches it with their hands before anyone else, if the goalkeeper
controls the ball with hands when it has been kicked to them by a teammate, or if
they touch or control the ball with hands or feet in their own half for more than
four seconds. An indirect free kick is also awarded to the opposing team if a player
plays in a dangerous manner, deliberately obstructs an opponent, prevents the
goalkeeper from throwing the ball with hands or anything else for which play is
stopped to caution or dismiss a player. The indirect free kick is taken from the
place where the infringement occurred.

Yellow and red cards are both used in futsal. The yellow card is to caution players
over their actions, and, if they get two, they are given a red card, which means they
are sent off the field. A yellow card is shown if a player shows unsporting
behaviour, dissent, persistent infringement of the Laws of the Game, delaying the
restart of play, failing to respect the distance of the player from the ball when play
is being restarted, infringement of substitution procedure or entering, re-entering
and leaving the field without the referee's permission.A player is shown the red
card and sent off if they engage in serious foul play, violent conduct, spitting at
another person, or denying the opposing team a goal by handling the ball (except
the goalkeeper inside their penalty area). Also punishable with a red card is
denying an opponent moving towards the player's goal a goalscoring opportunity
by committing an offence punishable by a free kick or a penalty kick and using
offensive, insulting or abusive language or gestures. A player who has been sent
off must leave the vicinity of the field. A substitute player is permitted to come on
two minutes after a teammate has been sent off, unless a goal is scored before the
end of the two minutes. If a team with more players scores against a team with
fewer players, another player can be added to the team with an inferior number of
players. If the teams are equal when the goal is scored or if the team with fewer
players scores, both teams remain with the same number of players.

WORLD RANKING
MENS RANKING
#

Team

Points

Brazil

1925

Spain

1911

Russia

1724

Italy

1662

Iran

1626

Argentina

1618

Portugal

1573

Ukraine

1500

Kazakhstan

1435

10

Azerbaijan

1397

11

Paraguay

1386

12

Slovenia

1373

12

Japan

1373

14

Thailand

1361

15

Serbia

1355

16

Colombia

1353

17

Croatia

1326

18

Czech Republic

1297

19

Romania

1266

19

Costa Rica

1266

21

Uzbekistan

1243

22

Belarus

1241

23

Australia

1236

24

Panama

1232

25

Netherlands

1227

THE PICTURE OF THE

DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE
COURT/FIELD WHEN
PLAYING FUTSAL.