Revision Exercise For Yr 6 CT2 (Solution)

RAFFLES INSTITUTION
H2 Mathematics (9740)
2016 Year 6
_______________________________
Common Test 2 Revision Exercises
Topic 1: Functions, Graphing & Inequalities
1
Since any horizontal line y = k, 0 k 5 cuts the

graph of y f ( x ) once and only once, f is a one-one
function. Hence f 1 exists.
Let y 5 ax 2 , 0 x
y
5
5
a
y 2 ax 2 5
yk
y 2 5 ax 2
5
a
5 y2
a
5 y2
5
x
, since 0 x
a
a
x2
f 1 : x
(i)
f 2 ( x) = x
5 x2
,
a
0 x 5
for all x , 0 x
5
a
Given: f 2 ( x) x
f ( x) f 1 ( x)
5 x2
a a
5
1
5 , a
a
a
a 1 (shown)
5 ax 2
(ii)
Since R g (1, 2] D f [0, 5] , fg exists.
Method 1
x 2
fg( x ) 5 (1 e ) ,
R fg [1, 2)
x0
y g( x)
y =1
O
Method 2
g
f
[0, ) (1, 2] [1, 2)
R fg [1, 2)
______________________________
Page 1
Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2(i)
f (x) x 2 1, x 2
2
Range of f = 1,
(ii)
y x 2 1
2
y 1 x 2
x 2 y 1
x 2 y 1
Since R f 1 D f 2, ,
(iii)
3(i)
f 1 x 2 x 1, x 1
Range of h= [5 ,)
dx
et
dt
dy
2
y 1 t
2t
dt
dy
dy dt
2t

t 2tet
dx dx e
dt
dy
When t = p,
2 pe p , point P is (1 e p ,1 p 2 ) ,
dx
Equation of tangent at P is y (1 p 2 ) 2 pe p [ x (1 e p )]
x 1 et
y 2 pe p x 2 pe p (1 e p ) (1 p 2 )
Since tangent passes through (1, 0),

0 2 pe p (1) 2 pe p 2 p 1 p 2
p 1
p2 2 p 1 0
______________________________
Page 2

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(ii)
y f ( x)
y f ' ( x)
(0,1)
x =1
1 e,
e
x =1
4(a) C1 : 9 y 2 ( x k ) 2 9
( x k )2
y2 1
32
Sequence of transformations:
EITHER (1) Scaling parallel to the x-axis by factor 3
(2) Translation in the negative x-axis direction by k units
k
OR
(1) Translation in the negative x-axis direction by
units
3
(2) Scaling parallel to the x-axis by factor 3
(b)
(i)
( x k )2
y2 1
2
3
Intercepts: 3 k , 0 3 k , 0
x2
y2 1
2
k
Intercepts: k , 0 , 0, 1
C1 :
C2 :
k2
1
0,
(x k)
Asymptotes: y
3
xk
x k
i.e. y
,y
3
3
y
xk
3
C1
k2
1
0,
0,1
3 k , 0
( k , 0)
C2
O
0, 1
k, 0
k2
1
0,
3 k , 0
y
x k
3
______________________________
Page 3

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
5(a) (i)
(ii)
Vertical asymptote: x 1
a 1
x 2 2ax a 2
As x , y
x 2a 1
x 1
x 1
Oblique asymptote:
y x 2a 1
2
a 1
dy
1
2
dx
x 1
At stationary points,
x 1 a 1
dy
0
dx
x a 2 or x a
When x a 2, y 4a 4
When x a, y 0.
Stationary Points are (a 2, 4a 4) and (a, 0)
y
x 1
(iii)
y x 2a 1
a2
( a 2, 4 a 4)
-a
(b)
(iv)
(i)
From the graph, 0 k 4a 4

y
y = f(3x)
y = 1
(0, 2)
x=3
______________________________
Page 4

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(ii)
1
f ( x)
3, 1
x 2
x 2
x3
x 2
x2 5
x 2 3x x 2 5
3x 5
x x 2
, x 0, 2
0,
x 0, 2
x x 2
x x 2
0, x 0, 2
3x 5 x x 2 0 ,
x 0, 2
5
x , 0 x2
3
Topic 2: Sequences; Summation of Series and Mathematical Induction

1
1 (i)
r 3 r 2
A
B
r 3 r 2
1 A(r 2) B r 3
r 2 : 1 B B 1
r 3:1 A A 1
1
1
1
r 3 r 2 r 3 r 2
N
r 4
r 3 r 2 r 3 r 2
r 4
______________________________
Page 5

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
1 1
1 2
11
2 3
1 1
3 4
1 1
4 5
.....
1
1
N 5 N 4
1 1
N 4 N 3
1 1
N 3 N 2
1
1
N 2
(ii)
As N ,
N
r 4
1
0
N 2
r 3 r 2
1 which is a finite value. Hence, the series converges.
r 3 r 2 lim r 3 r 2 lim 1 N 2 1
N
r 4
2(a)
r 4
AP sequence:
T1 a, T5 a 4d , T10 a 9d
T T
r 5 10
T1 T5
a 4 d a 9d
a
a 4d
a 4d
a a 9d
a 2 8ad 16d 2 a 2 9ad

16d 2 ad 0
d (16d a) 0
Since d 0,
a 16d --------------------(1)
a 2d a 5d 13
2a 7 d 13---------------(2)
Sub (1) into (2)
39d 13
Sn 3(1 3 n )
(b)
un Sn Sn 1
3 31 n 3 32 n
3 9
n n
3 3
6
2
n n 1
3
3
2 n 1
un
3n 2 1
3 n 1
3
un 1 2 n 2 3
3
Since a common ratio exists between
un
,
un 1
the sequence is a GP
1
a u1 2; r
3
1
16
d , a
3
3
______________________________
Page 6

2015 Year 6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
3(i)
Tower follows a G.P.: 5, 52,
2
52 ,
a(rn 1)
So, Sn =
< 2500
r1
5(2n 1)
< 2500
21
2n 1 < 500
2n < 501
ln 501
n < ln 2 = 8.968666
Hence, largest number of blocks is 8.
Walls follow an A.P.: 4, 4+3, 4+3(2),

4+3(3),
n
Sn = 2 [2(4) + (n 1)(3)] < 1225
n[8 + 3n 3] < 2450
3n2 + 5n 2450 < 0
Using GC graph, 29.42 < n < 27.756
Hence, greatest value of n is 27
No. of blocks used in last wall = T27 = 4 +
(26)(3) = 82
(ii) Total number of blocks used for the

5(28 1)
towers = S8 =
= 1275
21
Hence, number of blocks remaining for walls
= 2500 1275
= 1225
(iii) No. of blocks used for 8 towers = S8 =

5(28 1)
= 1275 (from (ii) )
21
No. of blocks needed for 8 4 = 32 walls is
32
S32 = 2 [2(4) + (32 1)(3)] = 1616
additional blocks needed = 1275 + 1616
2500 = 391
4 Let Pn be the statement
(i) 32 2! 42 3! 52 4! n 1 n!
r 1
r ! n 2 ! 2 , n Z , n 1 .
r 1
When n = 1, LHS =
r 1 r ! 22 (1! ) 4
2
r 1
RHS (1 2)! 2 3! 2 4
P1 is true.
Assume Pk is true, i.e.,

k
r 1
r 1 r !
r 2
n
r 1
2!
3!
r ! k 3! 2
k 1
r 1
k
r!
r 1 r ! ( k 2) 2 ( k 1)!
2
r 1
r 1 !
(ii)
r ! k 2 ! 2 , for some k Z
r 1
[ n 2 ! 2] 4 n 2 ! 6
r 1
LHS =
r 1
To prove Pk+1 is true, i.e.,

k 1
r 1 r ! r 1 r !
r 1
r 1
r !
1!
2!
3!
4!
n!
(n 1)!
(n 1) ! n !
(n 1)! 1
r 1
k 2 ! 2 (k 2) 2 (k 1)!
k 2 ! 2 ( k 2)(k 2)!
k 2 ! [1 (k 2)] 2
k 2 ! [k 3] 2
k 3! 2 = RHS
Pk is true Pk 1 is true.
Since P1 true, by Mathematical Induction,
Pn is true for all n Z , n 1 .
(iii) r 1 r ! r 1 ! r !
2
r!
r 1
r 1
r ! r 2 3r 1
n
r 1
r 1
r 2 3r 1 r ! r 1 r !
2
n 2 ! 2 n 1 ! 1
n 2 ! n 1 ! 3 or
n 1 ! n 3 3
r 1 !
r 1
______________________________
Page 7
r !

2015 Year 6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let Pn be the proposition:

un na (n 1) for n .
When n = 1, LHS = u1 = a
RHS = (1)a 0 a = LHS
Since LHS = RHS P1 is true
Assume that Pk is true for some k . i.e.
5(i)
1 1 1

2 1 3
1 1

3 5
1 1

5 7
uk ka ( k 1)
To prove that Pk is true Pk 1 is true . i.e.

to prove that uk 1 ( k 1) a ( k 1) 1
RHS (k 1)a (k 1) 1 (k 1)a k
k 1
1
LHS = uk 1
uk
k
k
k 1
1
( ka ( k 1))
k
k
( k 1)( k 1) 1
( k 1) a
k
k
k 2 1 1
(k 1) a
k
k
1 1
( k 1) a k
k k
(k 1)a k = RHS
As P1 is true and Pk is true Pk 1 is true , by the

principle of mathematical induction Pn is true
for all n .
(ii) Since a =1, so un 2n 1 and
un 1 2( n 1) 1 2n 3
N
1
1
n 2 un un 1
n 2 (2n 1)(2n 3)
N
1 N 1
1
2 n 2 (2n 3) (2n 1)
1
1
2N 5 2N 3
1
1
2N 3 2N 1
1
1
= 1
2 2N 1
Since
(Shown)
1
(2n 1)(2n 3) 2 1 2 N 1 ,
n2
(2n 9)(2n 7)
n2
1
1
1
1
13 11 15 13
(2 N 7)(2 N 5) (2 N 9)(2 N 7)
N 5
6
1
1
n 2 (2n 1)(2n 3)
n 2 (2n 1)(2n 3)
1
1
1
1
1
1
2 2( N 5) 1 2 2(6) 1
1 1
1

2 11 2 N 9
1
1

2(2n 1)
n 2 2(2 n 3)
Topic 3: Recurrence Relations, Sequences and Mathematical Induction

1(i) u2 111 u1 2 (221)!
Show that Pk 1 is also true, i.e. uk 1 kk!1
2
u3
2 1
22
u2 32 (331)!
u4 3321 u3 23 (441)!
u5
4 1
42
u4
5
24
(551)!
(ii) Hence, we have the conjecture un ( n n1)!
Let Pn be the statement un ( n n1)! for all n

Since LHS u1 1
1
RHS , so P1 is true.
(1 1)!
Assume Pk is true for some k , i.e.

uk ( k k1)!
LHS uk 1
k 1
2 uk
k
k 1 k
2
k ( k 1)!
k 1
k 1
k ( k 1)!
k!
So, Pk is true Pk 1 is true

Since P1 is tue, using mathematical
induction, Pn is true for all n .
______________________________
Page 8

2015 Year 6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
1
5
5
7
3
S2 3
2
2 ,
4
4,
15
9
37
11
S3 3 and S 4
3
8
8
16
16
2n 3
Conjecture for S n 3 n .
2
2n 3
(ii)
Let Pn be the statement S n 3 n ,
2
for all n .
1
When n = 1, LHS = S1
2
2(1) 3 1
.
RHS = 3
21
2
P1 is true.
S1
2(i)
Assume that Pk is true for some k
2k 1
2 N 1 3
2
N 1
2N 5
2 N 1
1
n ( n 1) ( n 2 n 1)
2
(ii) The last term in the nth set
never be
cannot be a geometric series.
Ignore this part of the question.

(bi) Let N be the total number of terms in the
first n sets.
N = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n
= RHS
1 n ( n 1)
n ( n 1)
SN
2(3)
1 4
2
2
2
Thus, this question is flawed and

3n 1
2 k 1
Hence, Pk is true Pk 1 is true and since

P1 is true, by mathematical induction,
Pn is true for all n .
Sn 5
2 k 1 3
2r 1 N 1 2r 1
(iii) 2 r 1 2 r
r 0
r 1
3n 1
For n 2, U n Sn Sn 1
r1
2 k 1 3
4
4
5 n
3n 1
3
4 1 3 8
=
n 1
3n 1
3
4 49
U1 S1 5 2
which can
3
9
8
written in the form of U n n 1
3
2r 1
2r
3(a)
Sn 5
k 1
r1
2r 1 2 k 1 1
2r
2 k 1
2k 3 2k 1
3
k 1
2k
2
4k 6 2k 1
3
2 k 1
2k 3
i.e. Sk 3 k .
2
Want to prove Pk 1 is true, i.e
S k 1 3
LHS
n ( n 1)
2
Sum of all numbers in the first n sets:
n ( n 1)
1 4
UN 3
2
2
= 2 n 2 n 1
Hence the first term in the nth set

= the last term in the (n-1)th set + 2
= 2( n 1) 2 2( n 1) 1 4
= 2 n 2 2n 3
The sum of the numbers in the nth set
n
( 2n 2 2n 1) ( 2n 2 2n 3)
2
= n ( 2n 2 1)
(iii) For n ( 2n2 1) 4500

From G.C,
When n = 13, n ( 2n2 1) 4407 4500
When n = 14, n ( 2n2 1) 5502 4500
Thus least n is 14.
______________________________
Page 9

2015 Year 6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
4(i) un 0.5un 1 400,

(ii) u1 0.5 u0 400
n 1, u0 250
LHS = uk 1 0.5uk 400

(from the
recurrence
0.5 800 550 0.5 400
k
u2 0.5 0.5 u0 400 400
800 550 0.5k 1 RHS
u3 0.5 0.52 u0 0.5 400 400 400

0.53 u0 0.52 400 0.5 400 400
0.5 400 0.5n 2 400

un 0.5n u0
2
0.5 400 0.5 400 400
n 1
400 1 0.5n
0.5 u0
1 0.5
Thus Pk is true Pk 1 is true .

Since P0 is true, and Pk is true Pk 1 is true , by
Mathematical Induction, Pn is true for all
n , n 0 .
(iv) Amt of money in ban un
800 550 0.5n
0.5 250 800 1 0.5
800, since 0.5n 0
850
Therefore, Tom is unable to buy the

Aphone10.
(v) Let x denote the proportion of the total
amount of money in the bank not spent on
transport and food every month.
0.5 250 0.5 800 800

n
800 550 0.5n
(shown)
(iii) Let Pn be the statement

un 800 550 0.5n for all n , n 0 .
400 1 x12
u12 x12 250

1 x
For u12 850
When n = 0, LHS u0 250

RHS 800 550 0.50 250 = LHS
P0 is true.
To prove Pk+1 is also true, i.e

uk 1 800 550 0.5k 1 .
x 3
x0
2x 4
400 1 x12
850
x 250
1 x
12
Assume Pk is true for some k , k 0 ,

i.e. uk 800 550 0.5k -------------------- (*)
5(i)
from *
400 550 0.5k 1 400
0.52 u0 0.5 400 400
relation)
4
As x 0 , x 3
lg 2
x
x
1
3
(ii) xn 1 xn xnn xn xn xnn xn
2
4
2
4
From graph, if 0 xn ,
xn 3
xn 0
2 xn 4
xn 1 xn 0
xn 1 xn
lg
(iii) Since the sequence converges,

xn L as n . Therefore, xn 1 L .
1 3
x x 0
4
2
x 0 or 2 x
From GC,
When x 0.52 , u12 833.105
When x 0.53 , u12 850.768
Therefore he can only spend at most 47% of
the total amount of money in the bank on
transport and food every month.
4
3
L 1
L
2L 4
From (i), L 0 or .
From (ii), xn 1 xn if 0 x1 x2 .... ,
L
therefore sequence is increasing.

Hence, L
4
Therefore, L 3
lg 2
lg
______________________________
Page 10

2015 Year 6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
6(i) As n , un l, un+1 l,
un+1 =
l=
If un > l =
5un 4
2un 3
2, then y < 0 where
5x 4
y
x
2x 3
5u 4
un < 0 un+1 un < 0
n
2un 3
5l 4
2l 3
2l2 2l 4 = 0
l2 l 2 = 0
(l 2)(l + 1) = 0
l = 2 or 1 (rejected as l >0)
un+1 < un
(iii) From GC, un 2 as n
(ii)
5x 4
x
2x 3
x
x 1 x 2
Topic 4: Graphing Techniques and Differentiation

You should complete this worksheet in 1 hour 30 min.
1 (i)
ax 2 bx c
xd
c b ad d
ax b ad
xd
a = 1, d = 2 b ad = 1 b = 1
f ( x)
x=2
y
y=x1
(0, 0.5)
(ii)
c2
c2
.
f ( x) x 1
f ' x 1
2
x2
x 2
(0.268, 0.464)
1
y 2
x
If the graph of y f ( x ) has turning points,

c2
1
0
2
x 2
1
c2
x 2
2
x 2 c 2
2
(3.73,6.46)
x 2 c 2
Since there are no turning points, c 2 .
______________________________
Page 11

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
x 4 x3 x 2 x 2 0
x 2 x 2 x 1 x 2 0
x 2 x 2 x 1 x 2
x 1
x 2
1
x2
Sketch the curve y
1
onto the graph of y f ( x ) . There are no points of intersection of the two
x2
graphs.
Number of roots = 0
2(a)
3x 4
10
3
x2
x2
3x 4
10
Step 1: y
y
x2
x2
Translate 3 units along the negative y-direction.
10
1
Step 2: y
y
x2
x2
1
.
Stretch parallel to y-axis by a factor of
10
1
1
Step 3: y
y
x
x2
Translate 2 units along the negative x-direction.
(b)
(i)
(i) y f x
(ii)
y
A(0, 0)
y
B(3, 3)
x=2
D(6, 2)
B(3, 0)
A(0, 2)
C(4, 3)
C(4, 0)
y =
D(6, 0)
x=2
3 (i)
y xe x
dy
e x xe x e x 1 x
dx
dy
Graph is decreasing:
0
dx
e x 1 x 0
x 1
(ii)
d2 y
e x 1 e x 1 x
2
dx
e x x 2
Graph is concave downwards:

e x x 2 0
d2 y
0
dx 2
x2
Therefore, for graph to be decreasing and concave
downwards: 1 x 2 .
______________________________
Page 12

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(iii)
gradient at x, y = e x 1 x
yh
x0
x
xe h xe x 1 x
e x 1 x
h xe x xe x 1 x x 2 e x
dh
2 xe x x 2 e x xe x 2 x
dx
dh
At max/min point:
0
dx
xe x 2 x 0
x 2 or
2
d h
dx 2
x0
2 0,
x 0
d2h
dx 2
0.271 0
x 2
Thus, the largest possible value of h occurs when x = 2. So, greatest possible h 4e2
4(i)
(ii)
x 2 z 18
2 y 2 z 48 ,
Expressing z and x in terms of y,
z 24 y , x 2 y 30
V xyz (2 y 30) y (24 y )
(iii) Let t be the time in seconds when robot A starts

to move.
m = 2t and n = t-1
Distance between A and B = l,
2 y 3 78 y 2 720 y
dV
0
dy
6 y 2 156 y 720 0
y 2 26 y 120 0
Using G.C, y 6 or y 20
y = 6 is not a feasible solution as x will be
negative.
d 2V
12 y 156
dy 2
6 3 9
dl
dt
34 cm/s
62 102
Method 2:
A
2t
2
l 2 20 m n 102
d 2V
84 0
When y 20 ,
dy 2
Hence, when y 20 ,
maximum volume =
20(2 20 30)(24 20) 800
l 2 21 3t 102
Differentiating wrt t,
dl
2l 2 21 3t 3
dt
At n = 4, t = 5
2
Since m = 2n + 2,
l 2 18 3n 102
2
21-3t
2cm/s
10
Differentiating wrt n,
1cm/s
dl
2l
6 18 3n
dn
B t-1
2
2
2
At n = 4, l = 10 + 6 .
dl
18
dn
102 62
dl dl dn
18
18
9
dt dn dt
34 cm/s
102 62
102 62
______________________________
Page 13

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
5(i)
dy
sin
dx 1 cos
dy
0 sin 0
dx
y 1 cos 2
(ii)
3
2
2
3
3 dy
3
At
,x
,y , 2
.
3
3
2
2 dx 1 1
3
2
2
3
3
Eqn of normal is y 3 x
2
2
3
y 3x
2 3
(Shown)
3
2 3
3
2
y 0, x
3
x 0, y
Area of triangle =
(iii)
1 2 2 3 2 3 2
units 2
2 3
3
9
dy
sin
dx 1 cos
dy
Let m be
dx.
d m cos (1 cos ) sin 2
1
2
d
(1 cos )
cos 1
d m d m d
dt
d dt
1
(2)
cos 1
3
4 units/s
Topic 5: Differentiation, Integration and Differential Equations

Substituting x 2 y into 2 x 2 8 xy 5 y 2 3 ,
1(i) 2 x 2 8 xy 5 y 2 3
dy
2(2 y ) 2 8 y (2 y ) 5 y 2 3
dy
4 x 8 x 8 y 10 y
0
dx
dx
y 1 or y 1
dy
2( x 2 y )
Equation
of tangents which are parallel to x-axis
are y 1 or y 1 .
dx
4x 5 y
For tangents which are parallel to x-axis,
2 3 2(1.15)
dy dy dx
.
.2
(ii)
dy
dt dx dt
4(3) 5(1.15)
0 x 2 y
dx
0.448 units per second
______________________________
Page 14

2015 Year 6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
2(i)
dx
3a
dy
a
4
2
dt
t
dt
t
dy dy dt t 2

dx dt dx 3
1
At t , gradient of tangent at P is
2
1
When t , x 64a, y 4a
4
Hence the tangent cuts the curve again
at 64a, 4a
At Q: y 0
1
4
0 x a x 16a
12
3
Q 16a, 0
(iii)
1
3
12
Gradient of normal at P 12
At P, x 8a and y 2a
Equation of tangent:
1
1
4
y 2 a x 8a y x a
12
12
3
Equation of normal:
y 2a 12 x 8a y 12 x 98a
1
2
(ii)
At R: y 0
0 12 x 98a
49
a
6
49
a, 0)
6
Area of triangle PQR =
145 2
1 49
a units 2
a 16a 2a =
6
2 6
y
R(
a 1 a 4
a
t 12 t 3 3
12t 2 1 16t 3
P 8a , 2 a
16t 3 12t 2 1 0
1
1
By G.C, t (N.A.) ,
2
4
Q 16 a , 0
3(a)(i) Let AB y
h
x
y
2
40 x
2
x 100 5 x
40 x x

2 2
1
40 40 2 x
2
2 100 5 x
1
1
z xh x 2 100 5 x
2
2
y
h
x/2
x/2
x
49
R ( a, 0)
6
1
dz
1
100 5 x x 5 100 5 x 2
dx
2
5
100 5 x x
2
100 5 x
15
100 x
2
100 5 x
dz
15
0 100 x 0
dx
2
40
x
3
2
d z
1.299 0
dx 2 x 40
3
(a)(ii)
40
1
40 40
x
y 40
x
3
2
3 3
Hence area is maximised when triangle is equilateral
______________________________
Page 15

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
x3 2 x 2 3x x 2 k
3
(b)(i)
x 3 2 y 3 3 xy k
dy
dy
3x 3 y 0
3x 2 6 y 2
dx
dx
2
dy 3 y 3x
dx 6 y 2 3x
x3 2 x6 3x3 k
2 x6 2 x3 k 0
dy y x 2
dx 2 y 2 x
(b)(ii) Tangent parallel to x-axis
dy
0
dx
y x2
0
2 y2 x
y x2
Subst y x 2 into x3 2 y 3 3 xy k
4(a)
ln 2
0
2
4 (u 2)
e3 x
d
x
3 u du
ex 2
4
4
= u 4 du
3
u
y = ex 2,
k 4
When x 1,
22k 0
k 0
(b)
(b)(iii) When the line y = 1 is a tangent to

the curve C,
1 x 2
x 1
When x 1,
22k 0
= u 2 4u 4 ln u
2
3
4 1
= 4 ln
3 2
ln 2
e x 2 dx
(e 2) dx
x
e x 2 x
ln 2
0
1
dx
x ln x
(e 2) dx
x
ln 2
e x 2 x
2
ln 2
e
e
1
x
dx
ln x
e
ln ln x e
(2 2 ln 2 1) (e 2 4 2 2 ln 2) ln k
lnk = 2(e2 + 4ln2 7)
1
ln k
2
0
When the graph crosses the x-axis, x = ln2.
5
1 1 1 2
1 n 1
1
A 2 1 e 4 n e 4 n e 4 n
n
n
n

n
1
2
n 1
2 40n
4n
4n
e e e e 4 n
n
1 y
1
Area of R 2 e dy 8 e 4 8 e 4 1
0
4 0
Limit of A as n = 8 e 4 1
y
4
r
2 n 1 4rn
e where f (r )=
n r 0
4n
______________________________
Page 16

2015 Year 6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
6(a)(i) y a 2 x 2 , 0 x a , is the arc of a

circle of radius a in the first quadrant.
a
a
x2
dx x a2 x2 a2 x2 dx
0
0 a2 x 2
y
a
0 a2
4
(a)(ii)
Hence
1
a 2 x 2 dx a 2 .
4
a 2
2
2
a a x
x2
dx
dx
a2 x2
a2 x2
0
a
x2
a2
dx
dx a2 x2 dx
0
0 a2 x 2
0 a 2 x2
a
x 1
a2 sin1 a2
a 0 4
a 2 a2
2
4
a2
-orUsing integration by parts:

dv
x
ux
2
dx
a x2
du
1
dx
v a2 x2
7 (a) x(ln x) 2 dx
x2
x2
1
(ln x)2 ] 2(ln x)( )dx
2
2
x
x2
= [ (ln x) 2 ] x ln xdx
2
x2
x2
x2 1
= [ (ln x) 2 ] [ ln x] ( )dx
2
2
2 x
2
2
2
x
x
x
= [ (ln x) 2 ] [ ln x] c
2
2
4
[
(b) u 3 x 5
a2
du
3
dx
5
x u0
3
x 2 u 1
53
x 2 3x 5
dx
31
u 5

2 u du
3
1 3
1 0 4
(u 11u 3 )du
9 1
0
1 1
11
u5 u4
9 5
4 1
1 1 11

9 5 4
59
180
(b)
1
1
dx
dx
1 cos 2 x
1 1 2sin 2 x
2sin
dx
1
cosec2 x dx
2
1
cot x C
2
______________________________
Page 17

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3
1
= t 2 ( ) dt
2
t
2
t
= [ ]32
2
= 2.5 sq units
(c)(i)
y
9, ln 3
ln 3
4, ln 2
ln 2
(iii) Required volume =
4
3
y 2 dx
[ln t ] [2t ] dt
=2 t (ln t ) dt
=
(ii) Required area =
ln 2
x dy
dy
dx
dz
d y
dy
1 x2
2x
2
dx
dx
dx
2
d
y
d
y
1 x2 dx2 2 x 1 dx
d2 y
dy
1 x2
2x 2x
2
dx
dx
dz
2 x (ans)
dx
z 2 x dx x 2 c where c is an arbitrary
constant
1 x 2 ddyx x 2 c
dy x 2 c 1 x 2 c 1
c 1
1
2
2
dx 1 x
1 x
1 x2
9(i) Let y = vx2,
Differentiate with respect to x,
dy
dv 2
v (2x )
x .......(1)
dx
dx
Subst (1) into DE,
dv 2
x ] 2 xy y 2
Then, x 2 [v (2x ) +
dx
dv 4
x 2 v (2x ) +
x 2 xy y 2 0
dx
dv 4
2x (vx 2 )
x 2 x (vx 2 ) (vx 2 ) 2 0
dx
= 13.6
dy
dt
x
dt
z (1 x 2 )
Given
ln 3
c 1
1
dx
1 x2
y x (c 1) tan 1 x d where c and d are
arbitrary constants.
Given that when x 0, y 1 ,
1 0 0 d
d 1
dy
Given that when x 0,
2,
dx
c 1
2 1
1 0
c2
y
y x 1 tan 1 x
dv 4
dv 2
x v 2 x 4 0 =>
v 0
dx
dx
(ii) d v
v2
dx
dv
shown
1 dx
1
x C
v
x2
x2
( ) x C y
y
xC
(shown)
______________________________
Page 18

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(iii) When C =1:
x
x 1
[( x 1)( x 1)] 1
( x 1)
1
( x 1)
x 1
2
y
1
o
0x
y = (x 1)
d
4
dt
d
k 4 , k 0 (shown)
dt
1
(ii)
d k dt
4
ln 4 kt c
10(i)
y (x 1)
1
x +1
A = 14
Therefore, = 4 14ekt
Given t = 4, = 6, 6 = 4 14ekt
10
14
1 7
k ln
4 5
e kt
t 7
ln
4 5
4 e kt c
Thus, 4 14e
4 e kt c
4 Ae kt
When = 2, 2 4 14e
Given t = 0, = 10,
t 7
ln
4 5
t 23.13 hours
10 = 4 + A
dV
300 kV , k 0
dt
1
dV 1 dt
300 kV
1
ln 300 kV t C
k
300 kV e k (t C )
11(i)
300 kV Ae kt
When t 0 , V 0 300 0 Ae0
A 300
300(1 e kt )
V
(Shown).
k
(ii) When t 20 , V 4500 ,
300(1 e20 k )
4500
k
20 k
15k (1 e )
From the GC, k 0.030293

2nd alarm : when V 6000
300(1 e0.030293t )
6000
0.030293
t 30.7
The residents will have 10.7 minutes between
the 1st and 2nd alarm.
300
9903 m3
0.030293
which is impossible as the canal has only a
fixed volume of 6000 m3 . The model is not
valid for large values of t.
(iii) t V
______________________________
Page 19

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Topic 6: Integration
1(a)
2 10 x
A
Bx C
(1 3x)(1 3x ) 1 3x 1 3x 2
1
By cover-up rule, when x A 1
3
2
2 10 x 1 (1 3x ) ( Bx C )(1 3 x)
2
When x = 0, C = 3;
1
When x = 1, B = 1
1
2 10 x
1
x3
dx
dx
2
1 3x 1 3x 2
(1 3 x )(1 3 x )
0
1
1
ln 1 3x ln 1 3x 2 3 tan 1
6
3
3x
0
1
1
1
3
ln 4 ln 4 3 tan 1 3 ln 4
3
6
6
3
d cos x
(sin x )e cos x
e
dx
cos x
cos x
e sin 2 x dx e (2sin x cos x) dx
(b)
2 ( sin xecos x )(cos x) dx 2 (cos x )ecos x (sin x )ecos x dx

2(cos x)ecos x 2ecos x c 2ecos x (1 cos x) c
2(a)
(i)
(ii)
2
1 2 x sin x
1
dx ln cos x 2 c
x tan x dx
2
2
2
cos x
x
1 2x 1 1
1
2x 1
1
1
dx 2
dx 2
dx
dx
1
x3
2 x x3
2 x x3
2 x 2 2 114
2 x 1 c
1
1
ln x 2 x 3
tan 1
2
11
11
(b)
(i)
1
2
0
1
x2
2
x3
x sin x dx sin 1 x 2 2
dx
0
1 x4
2
0
x2
2 1 1 4 x 3
dx
sin 1 x 2 2
2
0 4 0 1 x4
1
x2
2
1
3 1
1 x4
sin 1 x 2
2
2
0 24 4 2
(ii)
Since 0 < b < 1 , (Note: remove modulus before integrating)
x x b dx =
x( x b)dx x( x b)dx
b
x 3 bx 2
x 3 bx 2

2 0 3
2 b
3
b3 1 b

3 3 2
______________________________
Page 20

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3(a)
Method 1:
sin 2 x cos x dx
Method 2:
sin 2 x cos x dx
1
2sin x cos 2 x dx [use f '( x )[f ( x)]n dx]
sin 3 x sin x dx
2
2
cos3 x C
1 cos 3 x

cos x C
3
2
3
1 cos 3 x

cos x C
2 3
dx
dy
cos t 1,
2 cos 2t
dt
dt
dy dy dt 2 cos 2t
dx dt dx cos t 1
dy
When
0,
dx
3
3
1
1 3
cos 2t 0 2t ,
t ,
x
,
2 2
4 4
2 4
2 4
1
, y 1
At point A, x
2 4
y 1 is the equation of the tangent to the curve at point A. Or
Since 0 t , the maximum and minimum values of y (i.e. y sin 2t ) is 1 and -1.
The y-coordinate of point A is 1 and since the tangent to this max pt is a horizontal line
dy
(
0 ), therefore the equation of the tangent to the curve at point A is y = 1.
dx
(b)
(i)
(b)
(ii)
Area 1
2 4
1 y dx
3
1
sin 2t cos t 1 dt
4
2
4
3
1
sin 2t cos t sin 2t dt

4
2
4
3
1 1 cos 3 x
cos 2t

cos x
4
2
2 2 3

4
4
3
1 2
1
1 3 1 2 2

4
3
2 3 3 2 2 4 6
______________________________
Page 21

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4(a)
(i) Total area of rect
(ii) Actual Area =
1
0
1 0
e e e e
n
1
n
2
n
n 1
n
e 1n n 1
e 1
1
1
(shown).
1
n e n 1 n e n 1
e x dx e x e 1
0
Actual Area > Total Area of rectangles

e 1
e 1
1
n e n 1
n en 1 1
1
en 1
(b)
1
n
(shown)
y e x (1)
Point of intersection is 1, e
Volume =
5(a)
x 1
ln y 2dy
4
e
e
(2)
x
2
e
dy = 4.99
y
x=2
(to 2 d.p)
x=3
y=1
1/2
1/3
x
The intersection points are (2,1/3) and (3,1/2).

1/2
1
1
Volume required= 32 x 2 dy 22
1/3
2
3
2
1/2 1 y
9
4

dy
1/3 1 y
2
3
19
1.0159
6
6.76 units3
______________________________
Page 22

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
1
, t 3, y 1
3
1
1
, t 2, y
When x
2
2
dx 1
dt t 2
When x
1
2
y dx
1
3
1
4 t2
1
4 t2
dx
dt
dt
1
dt
t2
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
a 3 b= 2
Using t = 2sin
When t 2 ,
4
dt
2 cos
d
When t 3 ,
1
4 t2
1
1
2 cos d
2
4 4 sin 2 2 sin
1
1
2 cos d
2
4 cos2 4 sin
2
1
dt
t2
1
1
2 cos d
2 cos 4 sin 2
4
cos2 cos cos as cos 0 for
3
4
cosec2 d
1
cot 34
4
1
1 1
1
1
1
unit2
4
3 4
3
______________________________
Page 23

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Topic 7: Binomial Expansion and Power Series

1
f ( x) ln(cos x)
1
sin x tan x
cos x
f ''( x) sec2 x
f '( x)
f '''( x) 2sec x(sec x tan x) 2sec 2 x tan x

f 4 ( x) 2(2sec2 x tan 2 x sec 4 x) 4sec 2 x tan 2 x 2sec 4 x
When x 0 ,
f (0) ln(cos 0) ln1 0
f '(0) tan 0 0
f ''(0) sec 2 0 1
f '''(0) 2sec 2 x tan x 2sec 2 0 tan 0 0
f 4 (0) 4sec 2 0 tan 2 0 2sec 4 0 2
Therefore,
x2
x3
x4
x2 x4
(1) (0) (2)
2!
3!
4!
2 12
f ( x) 0 x(0)
0.4
ln cos x dx
0.4
0.4
x3 x5
x2 x4
dx 0.0108 (to 3 s.f.)
2 12
6 60 0
2
(i)
x2
f ( x)
4(1 3x) 1 4 1
4
(1 3x) x 2 4

4
1
2
x2
4
(1 3x) 1 1
4
4
1
2
1 x2
2
3
2 1 3x (3x) (3x) ... 1 ...

2 4
71
213 3
1
x ...
2 1 3x 9 x 2 27 x3 ... 2 6 x x 2
4
4
8
(ii) For expansion in (i) to be valid,

x2
3 x 1 and
1
4
1
and x 2 4
3
1
x
and x 2
3
1 1
Range of values of x ,
3 3
______________________________
Page 24

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(iii) 2 tan y f ( x) ----- (1)

Differentiate (1) with respect to x,
dy
2sec 2 y
f '( x) ----- (2)
dx
Differentiate (2) with respect to x,
2
d2 y
dy
2
2 2sec y tan y sec 2 y 2 f "( x) ----- (3)
dx
dx
When x 0,
from (i), f (0) 2, f '(0) 6 and f ''(0)
2 tan y 2
(1) gives
dy 3
dx 2
2
d 2 y 71
d 2 y 35
3
(3) gives
2 2(2)(1) 2 2
dx 2
dx 2
8
2
2
3
3
35
35 x
Hence y x ... x x 2 ...
4 2
4 2
16
8 2!
(2) gives
2(2)
dy
6
dx
71
2
3
(i)
ex
2 3x
2 3x y e x
y
(1)
dy
3 y ex
dx
dy
2 3x 3 y 2 3x y
dx
dy
(2 3 x) (1 3 x ) y 0. (shown)
(2)
dx
d2 y
dy
dy
(2 3x) 2 3 (1 3x) 3 y 0.
dx
dx
dx
2
d y
dy
(2 3 x) 2 (4 3x) 3 y 0
(3)
dx
dx
d3 y
d2 y
d2 y
dy
dy
(2 3x) 3 3 2 (4 3x) 2 3 3 0
dx
dx
dx
dx
dx
3
2
d y
d y
dy
(2 3x) 3 (7 3 x) 2 6 0
(4)
dx
dx
dx
When x 0,
1
From (1)
y
2
dy
dy
11
1
From (2)
2 y0

dx
dx
22
4
Diff wrt x, 2 3 x
(ii)
______________________________
Page 25

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
From (3)
d2 y
d2 y 1 5 5
1 1
2 2 4 3 0

dx
dx 2 2 2 4
4 2
d3 y
d3 y 1 41
41
5 1

From (4) 2 3 7 6 0
3
dx
dx
2 4
8
4 4
1 1
1 5
1 41
y x x 2 x3
2 4
2! 4
3! 8
1 1
5 2 41 3
y x x
x (ans).
2 4
8
48
1 3
9
27
1
1
1
2 3 x e x = x x 2 x3 1 x x 2 x3
8
16
2
6
2 4
9
27 3 1
3
9 1
3 1
1 3
= x x2
x x x 2 x3 x 2 x3 x3
8
16 2
4
8 4
8 12
2 4
1 1
5
41 3
x x2
x (verified).
2 4
8
48
(iii)
4
2
1 x
(i)
2 x
1 x 2 2 x 1
1
x
1 x 2 1
2
2
1
x 1 2 x
1 2 x x 2 1 1
...
2
2!
2
2
x x2
1
1 2 x x 2 1
...
2
2 4
1 x x2
1 5x 9 x2
...
1
2 x x 2 x 2 ... 1
2 2 4
2
2
4
1 5
x
(ii) equation of tangent is y x
(iii)
1 2 x 2
2 4
2
5
(i)
2 3x
3
2 1 1 x
2
2
3
1
3 1 2 3 1 2 3 3
x
x
1 (1) x

2
2 1 2
3 2 1
2
2
9
27 3
1 3
9
27 3
1 3
x
1 x x2
x x x 2
8
16
2 2
4
8
2 4
3
2
2
For the expansion to be valid,
x
x 1
2
3
3
1 3
By observation, coefficient of x .
2 2
n
______________________________
Page 26

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Topic 8: Vectors
1

---(1)

---(2)
2 2
2 2 2 1 ---(3)

The first and second equation has only 1 solution i.e. =0 and = 0 and it is obvious
that equation (3) will be inconsistent for this solution; this implies that l1 and l2 are nonintersecting lines.
1
1
Since l1 and l2 are non-parallel lines as 2 k 2 where k is a scalar

2
2

(i)
Since l1 and l2 are non-parallel and non-intersecting lines, l1 and l2 are skew lines.
(ii)
Let OX
2 and
2 2

OY 2
2

1
1

2
0
2
1

1

OZ OX OY 2 + 2 0 1 1
2
2
1
1
2 2 2 1
Since and can be any real number, the locus of Z is a plane that passes through (0, 0,
-1) and parallel to both i + j + k and i + j + k ,
1 1
2 2 0

1 1 1
1 1 1
Therefore
is a normal to the plane p. The equation in scalar product

0 0 0

form is p : r 1 0 1 1
1 1 1

(iii)
Let OS
2 and
2 2

OS ' 2
2

Method 1:

S ' S 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
This vector will be parallel to the normal of p.

______________________________
Page 27

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
0
0

0

S ' S 2 2 k 1 k 1
2 2 k
2 2 2
1 2 2 2 k
1
4
1
1
Solving,
=> OS
2
4
3
2
1 1 3
Coordinates of S is , ,
4 2 2
Method 2:
Let F be the midpoint between S and S,

1
1
OF OS OS ' 2 2
2
2
2 2 2
and
OF OS k n 2 k 1 2 k

1 2 2 k
2 2

Equating the position vector of point F,
2 2 2 k
2 2 k
2
2 2 2 2 2 k 2 2 2 k
1
4
1
1
=> OS
Solving,
2
4
3
2
1 1 3
Coordinates of S is , ,
4 2 2
______________________________
Page 28

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

1
3

2
2
2
2
2
0 2 (3) 1 2 cos cos 70
2

3
2 2
14 2 22
70
2

(i) 3
1

5 2 2 9 2 22
2
20 2 2 1 9 2 22
11 2 40 16 0
(11 4)( 4) 0
4
4 as = (rejected as <0)
11
(ii) Using ratio theorem,

3OB OA
OM
4
4 2
10
1 1
3 0 3 3
4 4
7
2 1
10
10
4 4 1
1
OC OM 3 3
3
34
3 7
7
(iii) p represents the perpendicular distance of C from the line AB (or p is the height of
the triangle ABC with AB as its base).
4 2 6
10 2
16
1

1
AB 0 3 3
AC 3 3 6 ,
3
3
2 1 1

4

7 1
16 6
6
1

6 3
8
AC AB
4 1 1 12 1 122
p
3 46
3 23
36 9 1
AB
q
O
p
M
C
B
q OM 3
p MC 1
q 3p
122
23
______________________________
Page 29

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Cartesian equations:
2x z 3
x 3 y 2
x 1 z 1, y 1
2 1 3

0 3 1
1 0 6

1 3

Hence l : r 1 t 1 , t
1 6

Let A and B be 2 points that lie on the line l.
Let t 1 ,
2

OA 0
7

2 0

Since the line l will lie on 3 , 0
7 14

98
1

Let t 0 , OB 1
1

1 0

1 98
1 14

14 98 84
Let Q be the reflection of P in 2
5
1

Then OQ 2 3 for some
7
0

5
1

and 2 3 is on 2 .
7 2 0

5
1 1

2 2 3 3 2
0 0
7

5 6
1 9 2
______________________________
Page 30

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
13
5
5

1 12 5
13
OQ 2 3 29 5
7 5 0 7

12
29
Hence Q , , 7
5
5
12
7
5 1 5
29 1 24
5 5
7 1 8
Hence reflection of plane 1 in 2 ,

5 13
(iv)
7
1 3 5
: r 1 s 1 t 24 5 , s, t
1 6
4(i)
4
1

Line AB: r 1 2 ,
2

1
7
2

Line CD: r 3 1 ,
13
5

4
1 7
2

If they intersect, then , , 1 2 3 1

2
1 13
5
4 7 2
2 3
1 2 3 1 2 1 4
2 13 5
5 11
Using GC, 1, 2 . Thus lines intersect.

(ii)
1 2 9

2 1 7
1 5 5

9 4 9

Equation of plane: r 7 1 7 19
5 2 5

______________________________
Page 31

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(iii)
Distance of E from plane

3 4 9
9

AE 7
0 1 7
5
1 2 5

81 49 25
9 2 7 2 52
(iv)
975
3
or 0.241
155
155
Area of quadrilateral
= Area triangle ABC + Area triangle ACD
1 1
CA CD AC AB
2
2
3 2 3 1
1

4 1 4 2
2

11 5 11 1
9 18
1
7 14
2
5 10
1
81 49 25 2 81 49 25
2
3
155
Topic 9: Vectors
1(a)

OA 3OB
OX
4
1 3
1
1 3 5
4
2 6
5
2

4
5

X lies in :
(b)
A
3
1
X
p3
52 2

4
5 0

5 4
3 1 2

AB 5 1 4
6 2 4

______________________________
Page 32

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
If the plane contains the line AB, then p3 is parallel to AB:
2 2

4 0
4 0

4 4 0
1
1 and the point A lies in the plane p3 :
1 2

1 1
2 0

2 1
1
Alternatively:
Since the points A and B lie in the plane p3 :
1 2

1
2 0

2
(1)
3 2

5
and
6 0
6 5
(2)
Solving (1) and (2) 1 , 1
2(i)
2

AB 1
1

Length of projection
2

1
1

(ii)
1

AB 0
0
5
5

cos
2
2
2
45
1
5 2 4 1

AB 0
0

5 2

2 1
4 1
12
2 6
6
6
41.8 (to 1 dp)

______________________________
Page 33

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(iii)
Shortest distance from A to line l

2

AB 1
6
1
1
126

3
21
6
6
2
9

1

1

Alternative solution
Using Pythagoras Theorem, shortest distance from A to line l
(iv)
45
2 6
2
21
Method 1: Show PA is parallel to l

1 5 4
2

PA 2 4 2 2 1
4 6 2
1

Therefore, PA is parallel to line l.
Given that N is the foot of perpendicular from A to line l, and B is the foot of
perpendicular from P to line l. That is, PB and AN are perpendicular to line l and
PBN ANB 90 .
Since, PBN ANB 90 , and AN 2 6 PA and PA is parallel to line l.

Hence, PANB is a rectangle.

Method 2: Show PA BN
PA 2 6 BN from (i)
Given that N is the foot of perpendicular from A to line l, and B is the foot of
perpendicular from P to line l. That is, PB and AN are perpendicular to line l and
PBN ANB 90 .

Since, PBN ANB 90 , and AN 2 6 PA and PA BN .
(v)
Hence, PANB is a rectangle.

1 6 16 0

OA OB 2 0 (8 24) 162 162 122 4 41
4 8 0 12

The expression measures the area of a parallelogram, that has OA and OB as its
sides.
OR
The expression is twice the area of triangle OAB.
______________________________
Page 34

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
0 4 2
1 1
3(i) OL OC OD 4 2 3
2
2
0 6 3
(ii)
2 4
0
1
1 1 1
1
area OAL OL OA sin AOL OL OA 3 0 12
288 6 2
2
2
2 2
2
3 0
12
using ML dot OD,

(iii)
2 2

1 1 14 14 cos
3 3

cos
6
14
64.60
0
0 0

4(i) OE 4 (1 ) 0 4
4 4 4
0

3 0 3

(ii) PA 0 0 0

0 4 4
3 0 16 16
4 4

Normal to plane OEB = 4 4 12 12 4 3 3

0 4 4 12
3

3 4 4
Since PA / / plane OEB , 0 . 3 3 12 12 12 0

4 3

1
PE : EC = 1 : 1. Therefore, E is the midpoint of PC (shown)
.
2
Alternative method:
3 0 3

PA 0 0 0

0 4 4
3 3 16
4

Normal to plane OEB = 4 0 12 4 3
0 4 12
3

______________________________
Page 35

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4

An equation of plane OEB is r. 3 0
3

4

Since E is on the plane, OE. 3 0
3

0 4

4 . 3 0
4 4 3

12+12 12 0
1
. PE : EC = 1: 1. Therefore, E is the midpoint of PC (shown)
2
4

(iii) Equation of plane OEB is r. 3 0
3

Let N be the foot of the perpendicular from D to plane OEB.
3
2
4

Then an equation of line DN is r 0 3 where .
3
2

Line DN intersects plane OEB at N, so ON . n 0

~
2
4 4

0 3 3 =0
3 3
2

3
4( 4 ) 9 3(2 3 ) 0
2
12 34 0
6
17
3

4
3
2 6 1
ON 0 3 = 36
2 17 3 34 32

3 18 16
Therefore, coordinates of N = , ,
34 17 17
______________________________
Page 36

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3
3

4
1 2 6
(iv) DN 36 0 3
34 17
32 2
3

6
6
Distance between PA and plane OEB = DN
(or 2.06)
42 32 32
34
17
17
Alternative method:
0 4

0 . 3
4 3 12
^
6 34
(or 2.06)
Distance between PA and plane OEB = OP. n =
~
17
34
34
Topic 10: Complex Numbers

1
[6]
w2 a 2 b 2 2abi 5 12i
a 2 b2 5
(1)
2ab 12
(2)
Sub a
6
in (1)
b
5 b 36 0
b 9 b 4 0
6
2
2
b 5 b
b
Since a GC is not allowed for

this question, demonstrate
clearly how the solution for b
(or a) was obtained. Also note
that a, b is stated in the
question.
b 2 or 2
b 2, a 3 or b 2, a 3
w 3 2i or 3 2i
z 2 z 1 3i 0
z
1 1 4 1 3i
2
1 3 2i
1 5 12i
2
Demonstrate the relation

between z and w so that the
value of z can be obtained
from w (i.e.'hence')
2
z 2 i or 1 i
(complete the square is acceptable)
______________________________
Page 37

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2
[5]
Manipulate to obtain the

standard equation for a half-line.
arg iw
1
6
3
arg i w
i
6
3

3

2
arg w
i
3
2 6
3
C( 3,1)
2
[2]
Least value of z
1
3
1
3
1
,1
Label the centre and radius of

circle.
Note that the half-line passes
through the origin.
2
3
3 2
This refers to the min distance

between 1 ,1
3
and a point on the circumference

of the circle.
4 3
2
3
2
1
1
2
arg z
i or arg z
i
3
3
3
3
ii
[2]
3(a)
[2]
z6 1
z
3bi
[2]

k i
e 3 ,k
2, 1, 0,1, 2, 3
2
Pk OPk 1 =
.
n
2
2
OQ2 = cos
1 2 = sin
PQ
n
n
______________________________
Page 38

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3bii
[2]
For k = 2, 3, ,n-1
2
OQk 1 OQk cos
n
To show GP,
need to consider
general
consecutive
terms and not
OQ3
just
OQ2
OQk 1
2
cos
(constant)
OQk
Since the ratio of consecutive terms is a constant,

OQ2 , OQ3 ,..., OQn are in GP.
For k = 3, 4, ,n-1
2
Qk Qk 1 OQk sin
n
2
OQk sin
Qk Qk 1
n cos 2
Qk 1Qk
2
n
OQk 1 sin
Since the ratio of consecutive terms is a constant,

Q2Q3 , Q3Q4 , ..., Qn1Qn are in GP.
3bii
i
[4]
PQ
1 2 Q2Q3 Qn 1Qn
2
sin
n
2
cos
2
sin
n
2
cos
n 1

2
1 cos

2
n
sin
n 1 cos 2
2
sin
n 1
n 1 cos 2 1
2
n
1 cos
n2
2
sin
Should you
wish to consider
sum to infinity,
you will need to
justify that the
sum to infinity
exists.
Also, S n S is
not always true.

2sin cos
n
n cot

n
1 1 2sin 2
n
1.
______________________________
Page 39

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Qn.
[Marks]
4
[3]
Solution
1+ i 3
1 pi 2
1 p
2
2 2 2
2 1 p2
1 p2 4
p2 3
p 3
(i)
[2]
since p 0
3
1+ i
Now, arg( z ) arg

1 i 3
3arg 1 i 2 arg 1 3i 2

3 2 2
4 3
17
2
12
7
(shown)
12
OR
2e
3
2e
1+ i
1 i
i 4
i.e. arg( z )
(ii)
[3]
i 3
3 2
4
3
2 i
e
2
2 i1712
2 i 712
e
e
2
2
7
(shown)
12
z*
2 i 712
e
2
2 i 712
e

2
* n
2 i 712n 2

e
2
2
7 n
7 n
cos 12 i sin 12
For z * to be purely imaginary, Re z * 0

n
2
7n
i.e.
0
cos
2
12
7n
cos 0
6 2
Least n is 6.
______________________________
Page 40

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Qn.
Solution
[Marks]
Since a and b are real, 1 2i is also a root of the equation.
5
[6]
z 1 2i z 1 2i
z 2 1 2i 1 2i z 1 2i
z2 2z 5
Now, 4 z 4 8 z 3 az 2 2 z b z 2 2 z 5 4 z 2 cz d
Compare coefficients of
z3 : 8 c 8 c 0
z 2 : a d 20 2c a d 20 19
z : 2 2d 5c d 1
z0 :
b 5d 5
4 z 4 8 z 3 19 z 2 2 z 5 z 2 2 z 5 4 z 2 1
z 2 2 z 5 2 z 1 2 z 1
1
1
and .
2
2
Hence the other roots are 1 2i ,

OR
Since 1 2i is a root of the equation 4 z 4 8 z 3 az 2 2 z b 0 ,
4 1 2i 8 1 2i a 1 2i 2 1 2i b 0
4
4 7 24i 8 11 2i a 3 4i 2 1 2i b 0
Equate the real and imaginary parts,
62 3a b 0 (1)
76 4a 0
(2)
From (2) , a 19
Sub (1), b 5 .
Since a and b are real, 1 2i is also a root of the equation.
z 1 2i z 1 2i
z 2 1 2i 1 2i z 1 2i
z2 2z 5
______________________________
Page 41

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4 z 4 8 z 3 19 z 2 2 z 5 z 2 2 z 5 4 z 2 1
z 2 2 z 5 2 z 1 2 z 1
Hence the other roots are 1 2i ,
Qn.
[Marks]
6
[5]
1
1
and .
2
2
Solution
Given z1 3 i
z13 ( 3 i)3 ( 3)3 3( 3) 2 i 3( 3)(i 2 ) i3
3 3 9i 3 3 i
8i
OR
z1 3 i=2e
i
i6
2
z 2e 8e
8i
3
1
Thus z13 8i 0 and hence z1 is a root of the equation z 3 8i 0 . (shown)

z 3 8i 0
i
z 3 8i 8e 2
i 2 k
8e 2
i 2 2 k 3
Thus z 8e
= 2e
(i)
[3]
(4 k 1)
6
where k 1, 0, 1 .
Im
( 3, 1)
Im
or
( 3, 1)
Re
Re
-2
-2
______________________________
Page 42

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Sum of roots = 0
(ii)
[2]
(w i)3 8i 0
( w i)3 8i z 3
( w i)3 z 3
Hence w i z
i.e. w i 3 i , 3 i
w 3 2i,
Qn.
[Marks]
7(i)
[2]
or 2i
3 2i or i
Solution
z12 z1 z2 z2 2 0
2
z1 z1
1 0
z2 z 2
z1 1 1 4(1)(1) 1
1 3i
2
2
z2
(ii)
[2]
z1 1
1 3 1
z2 2
i.e. z1 z2
Thus OP1 = OP2 .
z
Also, arg 1 or
3
z2 3
z1
Hence POP
.
1
2 arg z1 arg z2 arg
z2 3
Thus triangle OPP
1 2 is equilateral.
OR
i
i(- )
z1 1
1 3i e 3 or e 3
z2 2
Thus OP2 is obtained from OP1 by an anti-clockwise rotation or clockwise rotation of
or respectively about O.
3
3
Thus triangle OPP
1 2 is equilateral.
(iii)
[2]
z1 z2 length of P1 P2
Since z1 z2 z1 z2 and z1 z2 ,
______________________________
Page 43

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2
z1 z2
z1 length of OP1
Since OPP
1 2 is equilateral, length of PP
1 2 = length of OP1 and hence z1 z2
z1 z2 .
OR
z12 z1 z2 z2 2 0 z12 2 z1 z2 z2 2 z1 z2
z1 z2 z1 z2
2
z1 z2 z1 z2
z1 z2
Qn.
[Marks]
8(i)
[2]
z1 z2
Solution
Im
z 1 3i 10
6
(1, 3)
10
O
(ii)
[1]
(iii)
[4]
Re
Locus intersects the positive real axis at z 2 .

Im
D
z 1 3i 10
C
(1, 3)
B
A
4
4
Re
(a) Greatest value of z 4 AC

______________________________
Page 44

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
AB BC
52 32 10
34 10
(b) Greatest arg z 4
DAE
BAE DAB
3
10
tan 1 sin 1
5
34
1.11 (3 s.f.)
Qn.
[Marks]
9(i), (ii)
[5]
Solution
arg( z i)
3
4
Im
z 1 2
( 1, 0)
3
4
Re
Cartesian equation of z 1
2 2i : ( x 1)2 y 2 4
[3]
arg( z i)
3
4
Im
z 1 2
( 1, 0)
C O
1
3
4
Re
The 2 loci intersect at A.
Observe that ACB .

4
BC
1
BC AC cos 2
cos
2
4 AC
4
2
______________________________
Page 45

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
AB
1
AB AC sin 2
2
4 AC
4
2
z 2 1 2i
sin
Topic 11: Permutations + Combinations, Probability

1(a)
Without restriction, there are 6 1! 120 seating arrangements.

Out of these, we have 5 1!.2! 48 arrangements where the 2 participants are together.
Hence, we have 6 1! 5 1!.2! 72 arrangements where they are not seated together.
(b)
Fix the 1st participant.

Then the 2nd participant has 4 choices of seats.
The other 4 participants can then be permuted within the remaining 4 seats in 4! ways.
Hence, the number of seating arrangements is 4 4! = 96
Alternative Solution:
No. of arrangements where the 2 participants are seated directly opposite each other = 4!
No. of arrangements where the 2 participants are not directly opposite each other = (6 1)!
4! = 96
2
(i)
Consider each of the couple as 1 unit.

Number of ways to arrange 3 singles and the 3 units = 6!
Each couple can interchange position in 2! Ways.
Number of order = 6!(2!)3 5760
(ii)
The 3 singles can arrange themselves in (3 1)! ways.

The 3 married couples can be slotted in 3! Ways.
Each couple can interchange position in 2! Ways.
3
Number of arrangements= (3 1)! 3! 2 = 96
(iii)
3 (i)
Number of groupings= 6 C2 4 C2 2 C2 = 90
1
1
3
Given: P( A) , P(B ) = and P( A | A B ) .
5
4
5
3
P( A A B )
5
P( A A B ) 3
P( A B)
5
______________________________
Page 46

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
P( A)
3
P( A B) 5
1 5 1

5 3 3
P( A B ) P( A) P( B ) P( A B )
1 1 1 9 1 7
P( A B )

5 4 3 20 3 60
P( A B )
(ii)
(iii)
4.
1 7
8
P(B A ') P(B) P(B A) 4 60 60 1

P B A '
=
=
=
1
4 6
P(A ')
1 P(A)
1
5
5
1 1 1
7
Since P(A) P(B) =
P(A B ) , A and B are not independent.

5 4 20 60
Let D be the event that the day is correct and M be the event that the month is correct.
Given: P(D) = 0.69, P(M) = 0.9, P ( M D ) 0.63
(i)
P( M ' D ') 1 P( M D ) = 1 0.63 = 0.37
P( D M ) 0.63
P( D | M )
(ii)
0.7
P( M )
0.9
(iii)
P ( M ' D ) P ( D ) P ( M D ) 0.69 0.63 0.06
0.7 D
Alternatively
M
0.9
P(D) = 0.9 x 0.7 + 0.1 x P(D | M)
0.3 D
0.69 0.9 0.7
0.6
0.1
P ( M ' D ) 0.1 0.6 0.06
0.1
P(D | M) =
(i) x = 45, y = 195, z = 60

(ii) P(a student is underweight or overweight | he failed NAPFA)
(iii) P(student is average weight and failed NAPFA)
P(a student is of average weight) =
x z
0.35
300
y
0.195
1000
650
0.65
1000
300
0.3
1000
P(student is of average weight) P(student failed NAPFA)
= (0.65) (0.3) = 0.195 = P(student is average weight and failed NAPFA)
Therefore the events student failed NAPFA and student is of average weight are
independent.
P(a student failed NAPFA) =
______________________________
Page 47

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
21 1
1
P (obtaining a head from 1 throw) p 1 p
32 3
3
1
P (obtaining 3 heads from 3 throws) 1 p

3
27
1
Given that 1 p
3
125
1
3
4
1 p p .
3
5
5
Solution
7(i)
5 2 1
P( B ' A) P( B ' A) P( A)
8 5 4
Conditional probabilities are probabilities, ie P( B A) 1 P( B ' A)
3
8
3 2 3
P( B A) P( B A) P( A)
8 5 20
2 1 3
OR P( B A) P( A) P( B ' A)
5 4 20
Several methods to show that A and B are not independent
(ii)
3 2
=P( B) P( A)
20 5
3 2
P( B A) P ( B )
8 5
5 3
Since P( B ' A) P( B ') , A and B ' are not independent.
8 5
Hence A and B are not independent.
P( B A)
Method 1
Method 2
Method 3
Venn Diagrams ! [more important than formula spamming!]

3 9
3
P( B C ) P(C ) P( B ' C )
(iii)
10 50 25
(iv)
P( B C ) P( B ) P( B ' C )
2 9 29
5 50 50
Method 2
P( B C ) P( B ) P(C ) P( B C )
2 3
3 29

5 10 25 50
3
25
9
50
Method 1
(v)
1
4
2
5
9
50
C
______________________________
Page 48

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
P( A ' B ' C ') 1 P A B C is indicated by the shaded area
Given A and C are mutually exclusive,

P( B ' A) P( B) P( B ' C ) P( A ' B ' C ') 1
1 2 9 17
P( A ' B ' C ') 1
4 5 50 100
There are 9 distinct letters: C, O (2), R (2), E, L, A, T, I, N

(i) Treat all the letters as distinct then arrange them according to the restriction. This will be
followed by taking the repeated letters into account.
5 9! 6
Number of arrangements
2721600
2!2!
(ii) Case 1: All distinct
No. of ways = 9 P6 60480
Case 2: 1 pair of repeated letters
6!
No. of ways = 2C1 8C4 50400
2!
Case 3: 2 pairs of repeated letters
6!
No. of ways = 7C2
3780
2!2!
Total no. of ways 60480 50400 3780 114660
(i) For the die, let x = P(1) = P(3) = P(5).

1
1
(shown)
x 2 x x 2 x x 2 x 1 x P(1)
9
9
1
2
P(1) = P(3) = P(5) =
and P(2) = P(4) = P(6) =
9
9
1
2
(ii) For the coin, P(tail) = and P(head) =
3
3
P(the coin to show tail and the die to show a number that is at most 4)
= P(coin shows tail) P(die shows 1 4)
since the events are independent
1 1 2 1 2
.
3 9 9 9 9
2
9
(iii) P(coin shows a tail or the die shows a number that is at most 4, or both)
= P(coin shows a tail)+ P(die shows a number that is at most 4) P(tail and at most 4)
1 6 2 7

3 9 9 9
(iv)
P(coin shows a head if the score is at most 4)
______________________________
Page 49

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
P(coin is 'tail' score is at most 4 )

P(coin is 'tail' and score is at most 4)
score is at most 4
2
2
1
9
9
P('tail' and 1-4 or 'head' and 1-2) 2 2 . 1 2 . 2 2

9 3 9 3 9
4
1
5
(v) For each throw, Mary is expected to gain $ 1. 0.5 $
6
9
9
Therefore, Mary is not expected to make a profit as she is expected to lose $10.00 in the game.
=
Topic 12: Binomial, Poisson, Normal Distribution

1. (a) P 2nd applicant female 1st applicant female 113 .
P 2nd applicant female 1st applicant male 114
Thus, selections are not independent.

Hence, the Binomial Distribution is not a suitable model for X.
(b) (i) Let the random variable X denote the number of cockroaches, out of 10, that are killed when
exposed to the pesticide.
P X 8 0.24160 0.242 (to 3 s.f.)
Then X B 10, 0.875 .
(ii) Let the random variable Y denote the number of groups of cockroaches, out of 12, that have
exactly 8 cockroaches killed when exposed to the pesticide.
Then Y B 12, 0.24160 .
P Y 4 P Y 3 0.675 (to 3 s.f.)
(iii)
Required probability = 3C1 P X 8 2 P X 9 0.0658 (to 3 s.f.)

Any one of the following conditions can be used:
That one person approaches the counter is independent of another.
The rate at which the people approach the counter is constant.
In a very short time interval, it is rare that two or more people approach the counter.
The number of people approaching the counter may be taken to be random.

(i) Let X be the number of people approaching this counter on a given day. Then X Po(5)
P(X = 6)= 0.146 (3 s.f.)
(ii) Let Y be the number of people approaching this counter in a randomly chosen week. Then
Y Po(35)
P(Y 28) = 0.13428 (5 s.f.) = 0.134 (3 s.f.)
(iii) Let W be the number of off-peak weeks out of 52. Then, W B(52, 0.134)
P(W 6) = 1 P(W 5) = 0.713 (3 s.f.)
______________________________
Page 50

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Possible Assumptions :
A week which satisfies the required condition (i.e., there are at most 28 people
approaching the counter for that week) occurs independently of other weeks.
The probability of a week is off-peak is a constant for all the 52 weeks.
3(i)
Assumption 1: The mean rate of iPhones being sold is constant over the week.
Assumption 2: The probability that two phones are sold within a very short time interval is
negligible.
(ii)
Let R be the number of iPhones sold in a week. R ~ Po 14

P R 15 1 P R 15 0.33064
Let W be the number of weeks, out of 52, of which more than 15 iPhones are sold per week.
W ~ B 52, 0.33064
P W k 0.05 1 P W k 0.05 P W k 0.95
Using GC, P W 22 0.93887 0.95 ,

P W 23 0.96621 0.95
Least value of k = 23.
4(a)
Let X be the mass of a bag of carrots. X ~ N( , 2 ) .

P(X > 515) = 0.25
515
P(Z >
)=0.25
P(Z
515
)=0.75
515 0.67449 (1)
P( X < 486) = 0.10

486
P(Z
)=0.10
486 1.281556 (2)

Solving equation (1) and (2), 505, 14.8
(b)(i) Let Y be the mass in Personal size. Y ~ N(140,4)
Let F be the mass in Family size. F ~ N(425,25)
F (Y1 Y2 Y3 ) ~ N(5,37)
P(F Y1 Y2 Y3 )
P(F (Y1 Y2 Y3 )>0)
=0.794
P(Y > 141) = 0.30854
Let W be the number of Personal size with masses more than 141 grams, out of 100.
(ii) W ~ B(100,0.30854)
Since n=100 is large, np = 30.854 > 5 and n(1- p) = 69.146 > 5,
______________________________
Page 51

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
W ~ N (30.854, 21.334) approximately.

P(W 26) = P(W 25.5) by continuity correction
= 0.877.
Solution
Let X be the marks obtained by a student in the Mathematics examination.
5
Then X ~ N( , 2 )
(i)
P X P Z 1
0.84134
84% of the students will obtain at least a C grade.
OR
P X P Z 1 0.15866
P X P 0 Z 1 0.34134
P X P 1 Z 0 0.34134
0.15866 0.34134 0.34134 0.84134
84% of the students will obtain at least a C grade.
(ii)
42
P X 42 P Z
0.0548

42
1.6 (1)
65
P X 65 1 P X 65 1 P Z
0.242

65
P Z
0.758

65
0.69988 (2)
Solving (1) and (2):

42 1.6 (1)
65 0.69988 (2)
(2) (1) : 23 2.29988
10, 58
Solution
6(i) The average rate of calls received per minute at any point in a day is a constant .
______________________________
Page 52

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Let X be the number of call received in a period of 3 minutes.

Then X ~ Po(3 )
P(X 0) e 3 0.01
1.535 1.5 (1 d.p.)
(iii) Let Y be the number of call received in an hour.
Then Y ~ Po(60 1.535), i.e. Y ~ Po(92.103)
Since 92.103 10, Y ~ N (92.103,92.103) approximately
P( A) P(80 Y 100)
P(80.5 Y 100.5) (continuity correction)
0.696 (3 s.f.)
(iv) We need to assume that the 6 blocks of 1 hour do not overlap for the condition of independent
trials to hold.
From (i), we have that the average (expected) number of calls received in 1 hour is constant for any
1 hour block of time in the day so that constant probability of success for each event.
A ~ N (45000, 20002 )
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
B ~ N (30000,18502 )
2 A B1 B2 ~ N (30000, 22845000)
P 2 A B1 B2 25000 0.85224 0.852 (3 sig fig)

Assumption: The distributions of the lifespans of all televisions are independent of each
other.
Let W denotes the number of plasma televisions out of 50 with a life span of more than
30000 hours.
W ~ B (50, 0.5)
P (14 W 22) P (15 W 21)
P (W 21) P (W 14)
0.16112 0.0013011
0.15982
0.160
20002
X ~ N 45000,
46500 45000
P ( X 46500) 0.99 P Z
0.99
2000
3 n
P Z
0.99
4
3 n
2.32635
4
n 9.6212
______________________________
Page 53

2016 Year 6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Least n 10
(iv) (I) will be greater as A > 25000 and B > 25000 is a subset of A+B > 50000.
X ~ Po ( )
10 3e
0
2!
3!
2e 10
1
0
2!
3
3
(shown)
E( X )
0.3
10
(ii) Let U be the total number of errors in a randomly selected textbook. U ~ Po (15)
P (U 10) 0.0486 (3 s.f.)
(iii)
Let A and B be the total number of errors in the pages 1 to 10 plus 41 to 50 and 11 to 40
respectively.
A ~ Po (6) and B ~ Po (9) ,
(i)
P ( X 2) 10 P( X 3)
2e
Probability P( A 1) P( B 9) P( A 0) P( B 10)
P(U 10)
(0.01487251)(0.13175564) (0.0024788)(0.11858007)
= 0.046357=0.0464 (3 sig fig)
0.04861075
P(U 18) 1 P(U 18) 0.18053
(iv)
Let x be the minimum selling price, in order to make a profit,
x 1.15(12 12 P(U 18))
x 16.291
Minimum selling price is $16.30.
(v) Let V be the number of textbooks that has more than 18 errors out of 50 books.
V ~ B (50, 0.18053)
Since n = 50 is large and np = 9.0265 > 5 and n(1-p)= 40.9735 > 5,
V ~ N (9.0265, 7.3969) approximately
P V 6 P(V 5.5) by continuity correction
0.0974
______________________________
Page 54

Revision Exercise For Yr 6 CT2 (Solution)

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Revision Exercise For Yr 6 CT2 (Solution)

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

RAFFLES INSTITUTION

Since any horizontal line y = k, 0 k 5 cuts the

Since R g (1, 2] D f [0, 5] , fg exists.

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

Since tangent passes through (1, 0),

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

From the graph, 0 k 4a 4

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

Topic 2: Sequences; Summation of Series and Mathematical Induction

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

1 which is a finite value. Hence, the series converges.

a 2 8ad 16d 2 a 2 9ad

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

Walls follow an A.P.: 4, 4+3, 4+3(2),

(ii) Total number of blocks used for the

(iii) No. of blocks used for 8 towers = S8 =

4 Let Pn be the statement

Assume Pk is true, i.e.,

To prove Pk+1 is true, i.e.,

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

Let Pn be the proposition:

To prove that Pk is true Pk 1 is true . i.e.

As P1 is true and Pk is true Pk 1 is true , by the

Topic 3: Recurrence Relations, Sequences and Mathematical Induction

(ii) Hence, we have the conjecture un ( n n1)!

Let Pn be the statement un ( n n1)! for all n

Assume Pk is true for some k , i.e.

So, Pk is true Pk 1 is true

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

Assume that Pk is true for some k

(ii) The last term in the nth set

cannot be a geometric series.

Ignore this part of the question.

Thus, this question is flawed and

Hence, Pk is true Pk 1 is true and since

Sum of all numbers in the first n sets:

Hence the first term in the nth set

(iii) For n ( 2n2 1) 4500

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics

4(i) un 0.5un 1 400,

LHS = uk 1 0.5uk 400

u2 0.5 0.5 u0 400 400

800 550 0.5k 1 RHS

u3 0.5 0.52 u0 0.5 400 400 400

0.5 400 0.5n 2 400

Thus Pk is true Pk 1 is true .

0.5 250 800 1 0.5

800, since 0.5n 0

Therefore, Tom is unable to buy the

0.5 250 0.5 800 800

800 550 0.5n

(iii) Let Pn be the statement

u12 x12 250

For u12 850

When n = 0, LHS u0 250

To prove Pk+1 is also true, i.e

Assume Pk is true for some k , k 0 ,

400 550 0.5k 1 400

0.52 u0 0.5 400 400

(iii) Since the sequence converges,

therefore sequence is increasing.

Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics