Types of noun

Concrete
Abstract

Commo
n

Proper

Countable
&
uncounta

Gender

CONCRETE
A) Common noun is a name given to every person, place, object, or animal of the
same group
Eg: A notebook, textbook,exercise book and picture book in same categories as
books
B) A proper noun is the name of particular person, place, object, animal , day and
month
Eg: Abdullah, Putrajaya, Comel, Tuesday
C) Gender noun
GENDER
Definition

Masculine
Nouns that
refer to the
male

Feminine
Nouns that refer
to the female

Examples

King,
policeman,
actor, prince,
tiger

Queen,
policewoman,act
ress, princess,
tigress

Common
Nouns that
can be both
male and
female
Doctor, child,
parent,
neighbour

Neuter
Nouns that
do not have a
gender or sex
Table, room,
school, tree

ABSTRACT NOUN
1) To describe quality of things and of character
Eg: long (adjective) length (abstract noun) kind (adjective) kindness ( abstract
noun)
2) To describe state of mind, situation or idea
Eg : angry ( adjective) anger ( abstract noun) die (verb) death (abstract noun)
know ( verb) knowedge (abstract noun)

3) To describe action or event

Eg : Arrive (verb) arrival ( abstract noun )
COUNTABLE NOUNS
1) A countable singular noun denotes one person, place, object, or animal
2) A ountable plural noun denotes more than one
Eg: a book a few books
Spelling plural noun
1) Add s to regular words
Eg : girls, books, tables, teachers
2) Add es to words ending with s, -sh,-ch, or x
Eg : bus- busses, class- classes , brush-brushes, branch-branches, box-boxes
3) For special words ending with o, add es
Eg: potatoes, cargoes, tomatoes, heroes
4) For words ending with two vowels
Eg: radio- radios, zoo-zoos
5) For words ending wih two vowels
Eg: boy-boys, day- days
6) Change y to ies if the word ends with a consonant and y
Eg: lady-ladies, story-stories
7) For some words, change the inside vowel (s) of the singular noun or the
speing
Eg: man-men, foot-feet
8) For some words, add ren/-en to the singular noun
Eg: child- children, ox-oxen
UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
Uncountable noun can be made into countable nouns by adding a quantifier
Eg: water, oil, rice, bread, flour
A bottle of water, A sack of rice, A loaf of bread, A packet of flour

Exercise 1
Read the sentence below and underline the abstract nouns. There is only one abstract
noun in each sentence.
1) We must always speak the truth
2) The soldiers were rewarded for their bravery.
3) My weight is 42 kilogrammes .
4) The doctors advice is to drink plenty of water.
5) The elephant has a great strength.
6) The brightness of the light hurts my eyes
7) Datuk Michele Yeohs fame has not made her a proud person.
8) Happiness is when one does wel in everything.
9) The old lady gives the boy a present for his kindness.
10)
There will be a small ceremony at the airport to welcome his arrival.
Exercise 2
1) That ( woman, women) standing there is my aunt.
2) The tiger is a fierce (animal, animals).
3) Only a few ( lady, ladies) signed up for the sewing class.
4) Those (player, players) are from from the national squad.
5) All the (child, children) are tired and hungry.
6) We took many ( phot, photos) during our trip to Langkawi Island.
7) Father bought two (ticket, tickets) for the charity show.
8) There is a (buffalo, buffaloes) in the paddy field.
9) Some (policeman, policemen) came to arrest him.
10)
(Goose, Geese) like water.
Quiz (10 marks)
Every year, on 25th December, Christians all over the world celebrate Christmas.
On this day, _________ got o vhurch for special __________. Another tradition is to give
__________ to, and receive them from friends and relatives. Before Christmast day,
families put up Christmas _____________ in their houses. Family members often decorate
the trees with different coloured _____________ and figurines.________________often hang
up stockings in their bedrooms for Santa Claus to put presents in them. Claus is a fat
__________ with a white______________ dressed in a red suit. He carries a _____________ ful
of presens which he gives away to children everwhere. He is also known for his
_______________
1) A
C
2) A
C
3) A
C
4) A
5) A
6) A
7) A

Christian
B Christians
C Christ
8) A bread
beads
pray
B prays
C prayers
9) A sack
sacked
presentation B present
C presents
10) A general
generousity
tree
B trees
C tents
bulbs
B bulbs
C bugs
Child
B A childs
C Children
man
B men
C mans
SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT

B beard
B sacks
B generous

1) A SINGULAR SUBJECT TAKES A SINGULAR VERB

Eg : Ali runs across the road.
June buys a loaf of bread.
She writes the alphabet letters on the board.
2) A PLURAL SUBJECT TAKES A PLURAL VERB
Eg : They meet every Wednesday afternoon.
We eat three meas a day.
Rebecca and Geraldine are sisters.
Exercise 1
1) Blue and red ___________ purple. (make)
2) I __________ the crow dragged out the rubbish. (think)
3) Nigel __________ my roomate. (be)
4) We __________ him to camp once a year. ( send)
5) The mailbox ___________ red. (be)
6) The windows ____________ broken. (be)
7) We _________ him to find the last clue. (need)
8) These fruits _____________ from Indonesia. (come)
9) Ishanee ___________ some soup. (want)
10)
The population __________ every year. (increase)

Hint : the auxilary

verb be is am , is
or are in the
simple present
tense

Exercise 2
Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject.

1. Annie and her brothers (is, are) at school.

2. Either my mother or my father (is, are) coming to the meeting.
3. The dog or the cats (is, are) outside.
4. Either my shoes or your coat (is, are) always on the floor.
5. George and Tamara (doesn't, don't) want to see that movie.
6. Benito (doesn't, don't) know the answer.

7. One of my sisters (is, are) going on a trip to France.

8. The man with all the birds (live, lives) on my street.
9. The movie, including all the previews, (take, takes) about two hours to watch.
10. The players, as well as the captain, (want, wants) to win.
11. Either answer (is, are) acceptable.
12. Every one of those books (is, are) fiction.
13. Nobody (know, knows) the trouble I've seen.
14. (Is, Are) the news on at five or six?
15. Mathematics (is, are) John's favorite subject, while Civics (is, are) Andrea's
favorite subject.
16. Eight dollars (is, are) the price of a movie these days.
17. (Is, Are) the tweezers in this drawer?
18. Your pants (is, are) at the cleaner's.
19. There (was, were) fifteen candies in that bag. Now there (is, are) only one left!
20. The committee (debates, debate) these questions carefully.
21. The committee (leads, lead) very different lives in private.
22. The Prime Minister, together with his wife, (greets, greet) the press cordially.
23. All of the CDs, even the scratched one, (is, are) in this case.

Quiz (10 marks)

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

She ____________ an apartment . ( owns, own, owning)

Someone ___________ stepped on the grass (has, having , have)
The Mayor ___________ the same jokes every year. (tell, tells, telling)
The ticket ___________ in my wallet. ( is, are, am)
You __________ familiar. (look , looks, looking)

6) They __________ chatting for hours. ( enjoy, enjoys, enjoying)

7) Everybody _____________mistakes. (make,makes, making)
8) Daniel ____________ two tuition classes . (attend, ateends , attending)
9) He ___________ the shows. (direct, directs, directing)
10)
The clothes __________pegged on the line. (is, are, am)

ARTICLES
1) Basically articles are either definite or indefinite. They combine to a noun to
indicate the type of reference being made by the noun.
Articles

definite

indefinite

Definite article vs indefinite article

a
an
the
1) Definite article is used when the speaker talks about specific object that both
the person speaking and the listener know.
Eg: The car over there is fast
The president of the United States is giving a speech tonight.
2) When we speak