COMPUTER NETWORK AND COMMUNICATION

1.0 Introduction
A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network that allows
computers to exchange data. In computer networks, networked computing devices
(network nodes) pass data to each other along data connections. The connections
(network links) between nodes are established using either cable media or wireless
media. The best-known computer network is the Internet.
Network devices that originate, route and terminate the data are called network
nodes. Nodes can include hosts such as servers and personal computers, as well as
networking hardware. Two devices are said to be networked when a device is able
to exchange information with another device.
Computer networks support applications such as access to the World Wide Web,
shared use of application and storage servers, printers, and fax machines, and use
of email and instant messaging applications. This article discusses computer
network technologies and classifies them according to the following
characteristics: the physical media used to transmit signals, the communications
protocols used to organize network traffic, along with the network's size, its
topology and its organizational intent.
2.0 Mobile Computing
2.1 Definition
Mobile computing is humancomputer interaction by which a computer is
expected to be transported during normal usage. Mobile computing involves
mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software. Communication
issues include ad hoc and infrastructure networks as well as communication
properties, protocols, data formats and concrete technologies. Hardware includes
mobile devices or device components. Mobile software deals with the
characteristics and requirements of mobile applications.

2.2 Specification,services,and frequencies of Mobile Computing

Specification

Services

On-Board-Chip: - A7 chip with 64-bit architecture M7 motion coprocessor

Display: - 640 x 1136 pixels, 4.0 inches -Multi
touch support
Battery: - Built-in rechargeable lithium-ion battery
- Talk time: Up to 10 hours on 3G
- Standby time: Up to 250 hours
Sensor: - Accelerometer, gyro, proximity, compass,
Touch ID Fingerprint sensor
Camera:
- iSight Camera
- 8 megapixels
- 1080p HD Video Recording
- iTunes - AppStore
- iTunes Radio

Frequencies

- Siri
- iCloud cloud service - FaceTime
- iMessage
- Wi-Fi (802.11 a/b/g/n) (802.11n: 2.4 and 5 GHz) 2G GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 MHz
- 3G HSDPA 850 / 900 / 1700 / 1900 / 2100 MHz

3.0 Internet Technology and Services

3.1 VOIP
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a methodology and group of technologies for
the delivery of voice communications and multimedia sessions over Internet
Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet. Other terms commonly associated
with VoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband (VoBB),
broadband telephony, IP communications, and broadband phone service.

3.2 BLOG
A blog (a contraction of the words web log) is a discussion or informational site
published on the World Wide Web and consisting of discrete entries ("posts")
typically displayed in reverse chronological order (the most recent post appears
first). Until 2009 blogs were usually the work of a single individual, occasionally
of a small group, and often covered a single subject. More recently "multi-author
blogs" (MABs) have developed, with posts written by large numbers of authors
and professionally edited. MABs from newspapers, other media outlets,
universities, think tanks, interest groups and similar institutions account for an
increasing quantity of blog traffic. The rise of Twitter and other "microblogging"
systems helps integrate MABs and single-author blogs into societal newstreams.
Blog can also be used as a verb, meaning to maintain or add content to a blog.

4.0 Types of network

4.1 PAN
PAN is short for Personal Area Network. Based on the electric-field transmission
medium, is an IBM technology that allows individuals to exchange data with a
simple touch or grasp, such as a handshake. A PAN user is equipped with a
receiver and a transmitter, which constantly sends infinitesimal data-carrying
currents -- in the 0.1-1 MHz band -- through the body and picks up currents when
in very close range with another device or individual carrying a transmitter.

4.2 VPN
VPN A virtual private network (VPN) extends a private network across a public
network, such as the Internet. It enables a computer to send and receive data across
shared or public networks as if it were directly connected to the private network,
while benefiting from the functionality, security and management policies of the
private network. This is done by establishing a virtual point-to-point connection
through the use of dedicated connections, encryption, or a combination of the two.
A VPN connection across the Internet is similar to a wide area network (WAN) link
between the sites. From a user perspective, the extended network resources are
accessed in the same way as resources available from the private network.

4.3 WLAN
Wireless Local Area Network links two or more devices using some wireless
distribution method (typically spread-spectrum or OFDM radio), and usually
providing a connection through an access point to the wider Internet. This gives
users the mobility to move around within a local coverage area and still be
connected to the network. Most modern WLANs are based on IEEE 802.11
standards, marketed under the Wi-Fi brand name. WLANs were once called
LAWNs (for local area wireless network) by the Department of Defense.
Wireless LANs have become popular in the home due to ease of installation, and in
commercial complexes offering wireless access to their customers; often for free.
New York City, for instance, has begun a pilot program to provide city workers in
all five boroughs of the city with wireless Internet access.

4.4 WIMAX
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a wireless
communications standard designed to provide 30 to 40 megabit-per-second data
rates, with the 2011 update providing up to 1 Gbit/s for fixed stations. The name
"WiMAX" was created by the WiMAX Forum, which was formed in June 2001 to
promote conformity and interoperability of the standard. The forum describes

WiMAX as "a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile

wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL"

5.0 Conclusion
By completing this assignment, I had obtain lots of information about current and
future development in networks and communications. I also learn that the
importance of communications in our daily. Without networks and
communications, our daily life would be more difficult, for example, VOIP enable
us to communicate with other people on other country easily and at a very low
cost. At the end, I would like to thank to all individuals that helped, provided
information and giving guidance to me for completing this assignment.
Reference
http://www.apple.com/iphone-5s/specs/
http://www.wi-fi.org/featured-topics http://ooijiyoung.blogspot.com/2014/01/spmict-written-assignment-s07.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network
http://www.howstuffworks.com/vpn.htm