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Property Rights
on 1:14 PM in Civil Law, Notes
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- if, after opting to sell land to builder and builder, after agreeing, fails to pay, landowner
may: a) remove the improvement; b) sell both land and improvement in a public auction
and apply the proceeds thereof first to the value of land and send the rest, if any, to the
builder
If Improvement on Land added by Builder in Bad Faith
(1) Rights of Landowner - three options:
accession" without paying indemnity, PLUS damages (art. 449 and art. 451)
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demolish/remove the improvement at the expense of the builder PLUS
damages
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compel the builder to buy land w/n the value of land is considerably
more than value of improvement PLUS damages (art. 450 and art. 451)
(2) Rights of Builder/Planter/Sower - no right of retention (art. 449), only to
reimbursement for expenses necessary for preservation of land (art. 452)
NOTA BENE: (Regarding Gathered and Growing Crops)
- if the crops have already been gathered, planter/sower must return the value of crops
or the crops themselves but minus the necessary expenses (for production, gathering
and preservation)
- if the crops have not yet been gathered, planter/sower must completely forfeit them to
landowner without right to indemnity
If Both Landowner and Builder are in Bad Faith
- treated as though both are in good faith (art. 453)
If only Landowner is in Bad Faith
- apply art. 447: a) landowner must pay for value of improvement PLUS damages; b)
builder may remove/demolish the improvement and landowner must pay for damages