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Contents
1.
2.
Ledgers ........................................................................................................................................ 3
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.
3.1
3.2
4.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
6.
5.5
5.6
5.7
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Till version 4.7 you could carry out the parallel accounting only by using
Additional accounts.
Certain GL accounts are common between 2 the accounting areas. Certain GL accounts
applicable only for local reporting Certain GL accounts applicable only for group reporting.
This kind of a set up requires 2 retained earnings accounts. The disadvantage of this set ups is
lot of GL accounts are required and sometimes reconciliations become difficult.
To do away with the above approach SAP has now introduced the SAP New GL
structure. In this approach parallel accounting is depicted using an Additional ledger.
The data for one accounting principle is stored in the general ledger. This ledger is known as
the Leading ledger or Leading valuation view. For each additional (parallel) accounting principle,
you create an additional ledger
The advantages of this approach are:1) You do not have to create any additional G/L accounts
2) You manage a separate ledger for each accounting principle
3) You can use the standard reporting functions to create a financial statement
4) You can have different fiscal year variants attached to each of the additional ledger.
5) You can make manual postings to any of the additional ledgers.
Configuration Scenario:
ABC Group of companies (Parent company) is a multinational company with companies across
the world with base in Germany. The company has decided to implement SAP for its subsidiary
ABC Electronics located in USA. ABC Group of companies have to use the common chart of
accounts. The currency in USA is USD. The Parent company wants the accounts to be
prepared based on Calendar year January to December. The Financial reporting should be in
EURO.
ABC Electronics Inc has a local reporting requirement as per Corporate Law
Based on the above requirements we need to configure the following using the SAP New GL
structure
Company code created 1009 ABC Electronics Inc.
The company code currency USD
Parallel currencies to be implemented EURO
Common chart of accounts COA
Ledger 0L (leading valuation view) reporting period Jan to Dec for group reporting
Ledger L9 (additional ledger) for local reporting under Corporate Law.
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Leading Ledger
The leading ledger is based on the same accounting principle as that of the consolidated
financial statement. It is integrated with all subsidiary ledgers and is updated in all company
codes. You must designate one ledger as the leading ledger.
In each company code, the leading ledger automatically receives the settings that apply to that
company code: the currencies, the fiscal year variant, and the variant of the posting periods.
In our scenario the local reporting is handled by the Non- leading ledger.
Via Menus
0L is the Leading Ledger (if already activated in your training system, no need to activate it
again)
Click on
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Click on
2.1
Via Menus
SPRO
Here you specify the currencies to be applied in the leading ledger. You can make the following
settings for each company code
Click on
Update the following:-
Click
For company code 1009 USD has been defined as local currency and EUR as additional
currency.
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Click on
Click on
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Via Menus
Select
Click
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To assign Profit center update you need to have profit center module active.
Click on
Click on
Update the following:-
Click on
and click on
and
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Select
Click on
Click on
Click on
2.4
Cost of sales accounting displays how the costs were incurred. It represents the economic
outflow of resources.
Click on
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When posting, for example, you can restrict the update of individual postings to a ledger group
so that the system only posts to the ledgers in that group.
You can combine any number of ledgers in a ledger group. In this way, you simplify the tasks in
the individual functions of General Ledger Accounting.
When a ledger is created, the system automatically generates a ledger group with the same
name. In this way, you can also post data to an individual ledger or access it when using
functions where you can only enter a ledger group and not ledgers.
You can change the name of the ledger group that was taken from the ledger.
You only have to create those ledger groups in which you want to combine several ledgers for
joint processing in a function.
You do not need to create a ledger group for all ledgers because the system
automatically posts to all ledgers when you do not enter a ledger group in a function.
Representative Ledger of a Ledger Group
The system uses the representative ledger of a ledger group to determine the posting period
and to check whether the posting period is open. If the posting period for the representative
ledger is open, the system posts in all ledgers of the group, even if the posting period of the
non-representative ledgers is closed. Each ledger group must have exactly one representative
ledger:
If the ledger group has a leading ledger, the leading ledger must always be identified as the
representative ledger.
If the ledger group does not have a leading ledger, you must designate one of the ledgers as
the representative ledger. If the ledger group has only one ledger, this ledger is then the
representative ledger. If the ledger group has more than one ledger, the system checks during
posting whether the representative ledger was selected correctly. This check is based on the
fiscal year variant of the company code:
We do not want to group the ledgers; therefore we do not do any configuration here.
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Select
Double click
2.6
Click on
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Click on
Similarly add all other document types for number range 99.
2.8
Via Menus
Click on
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Click
2.9
and Click on
Via Menus
Via Transaction Code
If the New General Ledger is already activated in your system, this screen may not appear, then
you can ignore this step.
If you already use classic General Ledger Accounting in your production system, you need to
perform the migration of this data before you activate
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Accounting Principles
Via Menus
Via Transaction Code
Here, you define your accounting principles. You then assign the desired ledger group to the
accounting principles. For performance reasons, you can combine several different accounting
principles in one entry; for example, you create one accounting principle for IAS/US GAAP. This
can be useful if, in an application, you have to create the data for each accounting principle,
even if the postings derived from the data are identical for each accounting principle.
Caution: The accounting principles that you have defined are available in various functions in
Financial Accounting, such as in the report for foreign currency valuation, in Manual Accruals.
SAP therefore advises you not to delete accounting principles.
Click on
Click on
3.2
Via Menus
Click on
Click on
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Payables
-100
40
Expense 0001
40
40
Expense 0002
60
Document splitting then creates the following document in the General Ledger view:
Posting Key Account Segment Amount
31
Payables 0001
-40
31
Payables 0002
-60
40
Expense 0001
40
40
Expense 0002
60
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Segment Amount
50
Bank
-95
25
Payables
100
50
-5
Document splitting then creates the following document in the General Ledger view:
Posting Key Account
Segment Amount
50
Bank
0001
-38
50
Bank
0002
-57
25
Payables
0001
40
25
Payables
0002
60
50
-2
50
-3
4.1
Click on
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4.2
Click on
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Via Menus
Each business transaction that is entered is analyzed during the document splitting procedure.
In this analysis, the system determines for each line item whether it is an item that remains
unchanged or an item that should be split.
In order that document splitting recognizes how the individual document items are to be
handled, you need to classify them. You do this by assigning them to an item category. The item
category is determined by the account number. In this IMG activity, you need to assign the
following accounts in the system:
Revenue account
Expense account
Bank account/cash account
Balance sheet account
The classification of all other accounts is known to the system, so you do not have to enter
them here. You can enter an account interval since the system recognizes SAP-specific
classifications and does not allow SAP settings to be overwritten by your own settings.
Standard settings
Item categories are included in the standard SAP System. You can not define any additional
item categories. If the item categories included in the system do not meet your needs, contact
SAP
Click on
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Click on
4.4
Via Menus
For account assignment objects for which you want to have a zero balance setting, the system
checks whether the balance of account assignment object is zero after document splitting.
If this is not the case, the system generates additional clearing items. In this activity, you have
to create a clearing account for these additional clearing items.
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Click on
Click on
Example for Posting to Zero-Balance Clearing Account
For account assignment objects for which you want to have a zero balance setting, the system
checks whether the balance of account assignment object is zero after document splitting.
If this is not the case, the system generates additional clearing items. In this activity, you have to
create a clearing account for these additional clearing items.
This is a document splitting functionality which ensures that the Debit and Credit for the profit
center is equal with the help of zero balancing account. This account is used to create additional
line item to balance the entries for profit center in terms of Debit and Credit. Take an example of
entry without zero balanceDebit: Customer
Credit: Sales
Here the balance sheet for the profit center will not tally as there is difference in debit and credit.
When balancing field profit center is activated with zero balance account the entry will beDebit: Customer
100 Profit Center 50
Debit: Zero Balance account 100 Profit Center 100
Credit: Sales
100 Profit Center 100
Credit: To Zero Balance Acct 100 Profit Center 50
Thus the profit center balance sheet will always tally and the zero balance account will have
zero balance.
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In this IMG activity, you define your valuation methods for the open items. With the valuation
method, you group specifications together which you need for the balance and individual
valuation.
Via Menus
IMGFinancial Accounting ( New) General Ledger Accounting (New)
Periodic processing Valuate Define valuation methods
Via Transaction Code
SPRO
Click on
Click on
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5.2
Via Menus
Via Transaction Code
Click on
Click on
5.3
Via Menus
Click on
Click on
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Note: Similarly assign these Loss/Gain accounts for all the account for which you would like to
revaluate.
Loss: Here you enter the GL code for exchange loss, which is realized
Gain: Here you enter the GL code for exchange gain, which is realized.
Val. loss 1: Here you enter the GL code for unrealized exchange Loss on revaluation of open
items i.e. accounts receivable and accounts payable
Val. gain 1: Here you enter the GL code for unrealized exchange gain on revaluation of open
items i.e. accounts receivable and accounts payable
Bal. Sheet adj.1: Here you enter the GL code to which the receivable and payables adjustment
is posted during foreign currency valuation of open items.
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Posting
FI
CO
CO-FI
0001
0001
0001
CO
CO
FI-CO
0001
0002
0002
FI
0002
CO
CO
FI-CO
0001
0002
0002
FI
0002
Primary
Primary
No reconciliation
necessary
Primary (reposting)
Primary (reposting)
Reconciliation
Posting
Offsetting posting in
FI
Secondary
Secondary
Reconciliation
Posting
Offsetting posting in
FI
25
Account/Cost
Element
Amount
400000
400000
+500 USD
+500 USD
400000
400000
400000
-300 USD
+300 USD
+300 USD
200000 1)
-300 USD
600000
600000
210000 2)
-200 USD
+200 USD
+200 USD
215000 1)
-200 USD
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For the reconciliation posting, the system creates an offsetting entry in FI in a company
code clearing account.
For secondary postings in CO, you must determine a clearing account in FI using
account determination, as secondary cost elements do not have an equivalent in FI. For
primary cost elements, you can specify a clearing account in the account determination,
to obtain a better overview of the reconciliation postings for example. However, this is
only strictly necessary for secondary postings.
The reconciliation posting was made here for company code 0002 only.
5.5
Click on
Via Menus
Click on
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Click on
Via Menus
Click on
5.7
Via Menus
Click on
Click on
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