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Whataresinglephaseandthreephaseconnectionsandhowtochoosebetweenthetwo?:BijliBachao
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What are single phase and three phase connections and how to cho
Bijli Bachao Team
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single wire, whereas in a three-phase system 3 wires carry alternating current with a definite time offset
in between the voltage waves.
In India a single-phase supply is a 230V supply through two wires and 3-phase supply is 415 V supply
through 4 wires and in the house the line can be divided to give 230V at individual point. The basic
difference between the two is that a three-phase connection can handle heavy load while a singlephase cannot.
To give an analogy to help you understand the difference, lets take an example of a highway. If the
highway is a single lane highway, only a few two wheelers may go on it in parallel, or if we try to squeeze, we
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things will not move, whereas if we have a 3-lane highway, lot of vehicles can move together in parallel. Even
run together also depends on the size of vehicles. A car and a two-wheeler may easily go in parallel on a si
alone.
Similarly consider single-phase as a single lane highway and three-phase as a multilane highway. There is
typically that number is set to 7.5 kW (or 7500 watts or 10 Horse Power). So if sum of wattage of all the applian
then you need a three-phase connection. And you can get to 7.5 kW if you have three 1.5 ton ACs and a water
has a motor that is more than 10 HP. If the load is less than 7.5 kW, then a single-phase connection can easily h
Note: A lot of people have misconception that Air Conditioners require three-phase connection. Which actua
run on single-phase. Only if you have more than 3 ACs that are all in use together you may need a three-phase
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different phases. So for example if there are three Air Conditioners, then each can be setup on each of the ph
case one of the phases fails due to a fault at the distribution point, the other two phases keep running and th
house, if you have three rooms connected to each phase, then even if one phase fails from the electricity
electricity, but the other two will continue running.
Typically it is observed that if the connected load in a house is more than 5-7 kW, electricity distribution com
know more about connected load check this link: Impact of Connected Load on Fixed Charges in Electricity
charges associated with a three-phase connection. First and foremost, as the connected load provided to the
connection may increase. Also three phase meters are different from single-phase meters, so the meter need
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meter rent, whereas in others, there is an upfront charge for the meter. So the change of meter will cause eit
meter rent on your bills.
Some people believe that to change to three-phase connection, they need to change the wiring in the hou
wiring can handle the three-phase connection and there is no need to spend on changing the wires.
Note: A change in connection from single-phase to three-phase will not increase energy charges on your e
consume will remain the same (because they depend on the wattage of your appliances and not on the electri
Conclusion
Typically a residential connection should not require a three-phase connection, as most appliances that are u
if there are a lot of heavy appliances in a house, then utilities might suggest going for a three-phase connectio
one certainly needs to evaluate if that is really required.
TOP
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Jointhediscussion
RajaSahoo amonthago
Sir,
Iamplanningtotakea3phaseconnectionsoon.TheElecticguysfromthestateelectricboardcameand
connection.Couldyourpleaseconfirmaboutdoubleearthingissueaswealreadyhaveanearthinginstal
Reply Share
SANJAYKUMAR 2monthsago
ITSPOSSIBLETOCONNECTVOLTAGEFACEWITHAMPEREFACEANDHOW
Reply Share
SANJAYKUMAR 2monthsago
HOWWECANCONNECTAMPEREFACETOVOLTAGEFACE
Reply Share
AbhinandanAdmuthe 2monthsago
Ihave3Phase10KWconnectioninmylab.Loadisnotuniformlydistributed.Ononephaseloadishigh
consumption?HowdoIreduceelectricityconsumption?SomepeopleadvisedmetouseCondensers.I
Reply Share
AbhishekJain
Mod >AbhinandanAdmuthe
2monthsago
Numberofphasesinaconnectionorloaddistributionwillnothaveeffectonelectricityconsumpt
thenandmovetoefficientonestoreduceyourelectricityconsumption.
Alsodoyoumeancapacitororcondenser?
Reply Share
AbhinandanAdmuthe>AbhishekJain 2monthsago
sorryCapacitor?
Reply Share
AbhishekJain
Mod >AbhinandanAdmuthe
2monthsago
Capacitorbankwillnothelpinanyelectricitybillreductionforaresidentialconnec
onkVAhwillacapacitorbankhelp.
Reply Share
Pradeep 4monthsago
Ihaveahousewith6portionswith4threebedroomflatsand2singlebedroomflats.Iappliedfor4thre
oneextrasinglephaseconnectionforcommonarea.ElectricitypeoplearesayingthatIneedtoinstalla
Note:Atmostonlyin2flatswewillhave1.5tonACs(oneforeachflat).Incommonarea,thereare1thr
householditemswouldbeasthatoftypicalmiddleclassfamilies.
Reply Share
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Reply Share
AbhishekJain
Mod >Pradeep
4monthsago
HiPradeep,
Inseveralstatesiftheconnections(multipleofthem)areneededinsamepremise(orsamepiec
distributioncompaniesaskthecustomertoputaseparatedistributiontransformer.Buttherulev
Bythewayeach1.5tonACisabout1.5kWand3HPmotoris2.25KWand2HPis1.5kW.
Youwillhavetochecktheruleandthetotalloadthatisexpectedinthehousestoseeifyoureally
1
Reply Share
Pradeep>AbhishekJain 3monthsago
Thanksforthereply.Muchappreciated:)
Reply Share
Ago 4monthsago
canasinglephaseelectronicmeterinstalltoa3phaseload?andisitthesamebyusinga3phaseelec
Reply Share
AbhishekJain
Mod >Ago
4monthsago
Youshouldalwaysusea3phasemeterfora3phaseconnection.Donotgoforasinglephasem
Reply Share
Rohan 4monthsago
HelloIneedsomehelpregardingthis.Wehavea3phasesysteminourhouse.Butforlast2yearswe
askingforarecoveryamountwhichIfeelisgrosslyovercharged.ThedifferenceInoticedbetweenthe3
for3is130andfor1is40.).AmImissingoutonanyothercalculation?Wouldbeverygratefulifyouare
concernedofficialonMonday.Thanksalot!
Reply Share
AbhishekJain
Mod >Rohan
4monthsago
HiRohan,
Chargesvaryfromstatetostate,butaphasechangeonlyimpactfixedcharges&meterrent.Itd
whichdependonamountofelectricityused).Butifyouhada3phaseconnectionandyouwereb
distributioncompanyshouldhavefixedintheirbillingearlier.Youshouldraiseacomplaintwithth
Andiftheyarenotabletosolveit,thenyoushouldgotoelectricityombudsmanatyourstate'sele
Reply Share
Rohan>AbhishekJain 4monthsago
Thankyousomuchfortheimmediatereply.Alsoyourwebsiteisgreat..helpedmetocle
Reply Share
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Rohan>Rohan 4monthsago
Alsoconnectedandapprovedloadforbothbillsis9.00KW
Reply Share
AbhishekJain
Mod >Rohan
4monthsago
9KWisnotconsideredassinglephaseinanystate.Thebillshouldhaveconsidereditas
Reply Share
Tushar 5monthsago
Wehaveasinglephaseconnectioninwhichthetwowiresareonthefirstandthirdwireofthehightens
isnotasingleappliancethatworkswhileweruna.cexceptinverter.Shouldwechangeourphase?Whi
problem?Plzreply
Reply Share
AbhishekJain
Mod >Tushar
5monthsago
IdeallyjustanACshouldnotcausesinglephasetotrip,sotheremustbeavoltageprobleminyo
withahigherconnectedload.
Reply Share
Sohail 5monthsago
Hi,
Thanksforputtingthisup.Youmentionthelimitforsinglephaseconsumptionas7.5kW.Whatisthislim
accordingtostate,couldyoumentionsometypicalvalues?Thankyou.
Reply Share
santoshkumar 5monthsago
sir,whatisthedifferencebetweensinglephaseandthreephase?
Reply Share
AbhishekJain
Mod >santoshkumar
5monthsago
sir,ihopeyouhavereadthewholewriteupontop.Itexplainsthedifference.
Reply Share
M.SakthivelRajan 5monthsago
NowiambuildaG+1homewith2b+1Hwith2bathroomsandkitchensoweplantofixtwoac1.5tonan
fansndnormallylights,shalligoforsinglephaseorthreephase.
Pleasetosuggestme.
by,
SakthivelTamilnadu,Madurai
Reply Share
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AbhishekJain
Mod >M.SakthivelRajan
5monthsago
HelloMrRajan,
Lookingatyourlistofappliances,a3phaseconnectionwouldbebetter.TwoACs+1.5Hppum
Reply Share
Anniejoseph 6monthsago
Whyistheelectricitytrippingcontinuously(every1minute)sincethelast4hours,anditisaffectingONL
connectionisnottripping.AsaresultIhaveswitchedourhomeinvertertoAWAYmode,buteventhiske
Reply Share
Rajeev 6monthsago
veryclearviewssir,iwillgetbackonfurtherqueries
Reply Share
parveen 6monthsago
Threefacemeaursinglefacemechargeskyahaijaiseki7kilowatkasinglefacememinimumcharges
MATLABminimumbillkitnaayegaDonomitreme
Reply Share
Tushar>parveen 5monthsago
Checkyourelectricitybill.Itismentionedasfixedcharges.
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>parveen 6monthsago
Itvariesfromstatetostateandalsodependsonconnectedload.
Reply Share
DyCME(M) 6monthsago
ifamachineisspecifiedasof3phase,doesitmeanthatmachineshouldutilizeall3phasesatatimeto
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>DyCME(M) 6monthsago
Thatisright.Ifamachineisspecifiedas3phasethenitneedshighpowertorunandforthatitne
Reply Share
oops 6monthsago
ihaveaquestion....whatwillhappenificonnect1100wattrated110vapplianceto220v5ampratedso
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>oops 6monthsago
Itwillgetburnt.Wouldsuggestyoutolookatoperatingvoltageoftheappliance(manyTVscano
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getanadapterthatconverts220Vto110V.
Reply Share
Abhishek 6monthsago
Ihaveasinglephase3kvadomesticconnectionappliancesinclude2ac,1geyser,1submersiblesetb
efficientlyasthevoltageisquitelow.Someonesuggestedtogofor5kva3phaseconnection.Willitsolv
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>Abhishek 6monthsago
Bythewayareotherpeoplelivinginyourareaalsohavingvoltageproblems?Ifyesthenitwould
finethengoingfor3phaseshouldsolveyourproblem.
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>Abhishek 6monthsago
Foralltheappliancesthatyouhave,goingfora3phaseconnectionwouldbebetter.
Reply Share
DrAKSINHA 6monthsago
Theelectricalloadofmyhomeisabout5kWplus(ResidentofJharkhand).Soplanningfora3phasecon
separetelyserialwise.
1.Whattypeofwiringshouldbeusedfortheconnectionfromtheelectricalpoletotheelectricmeter?(dis
RRKabel/Havels(b)6sqmmHavels(c)3phasealuminiumwires.Ifucanmentionaboutthecostfacto
2.Whatistheonetimecostofa3phasedigitalelectricmeter?
3.Iamplanningtosetupaclinicinthegroundfloor(occupying23rooms)inthenearfuture.Butitwould
takingacommercialconnectionmandatoryorresidential3phaseconnectionwouldsuffice.
4.Theneutralinmylocalityisnotverystrongandowingtovariousotherreasonsthevoltageisnotveryg
constantfluctuation).ThismakessmoothfunctioningofAC1.5Tonextremelydifficultasthestabilizerke
suggestmeawayout.Moreovertheelectrictransformerfromweretheneutralcomesisveryfaroff(1km
fromthetransformer,assuggestedbyfew)
5.Oneoftheserviceengrsuggestedmetotakea2phasevoltagestabizerwhichwouldeliminatethene
ACs.Willsuchathingworkoutpractically.Youradviceonthisaspect.
Pleasereplyontheabovequeriespointwise.
Reply Share
Shubham 7monthsago
Hellosir...Imconfusedwiththetotalloadofsinglephaseconnection...hereyouhavementionedthatth
andwecanuse3acof1.5ton.ButsirIhaveonlyoneacconnectionof1.5tonandhavinggeneralhome
fan,Kentpurifier,waterpump,insinglephaseconnection.Butmyelectricityserviceprovidertoldmetoc
connectionandincreasethetotalloadfrom4kvto.10kv.Otherwisetheywil.fileacase.SowhatwillId
this.Even,Idon'tknowthattotalloadassignedforsinglephaseconnectionisdifferentindifferentstateo
Reply Share
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BijliBachaoTeam>Shubham 7monthsago
HiShubham,
Yourloaddoesnotlooklike10KW.1.5tonACwouldbeabout1.8kW.Fridgewouldbeanother
WaterPump(assuming1HP)wouldbe0.75kW.Soallinall,itwouldbeabout5kWorso(assu
case).Idonotseeareasontochangeto10kW.
Reply Share
Shubham>BijliBachaoTeam 7monthsago
Thankyousirforanswering...ButsirIhaveonemoredoubt..
Iwanttoknowwhetherthetotalloadsofsinglephaseis7.5foreachstateorloadmayva
assignedinsinglephaseforjharkhandstate..
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>Shubham 6monthsago
Itisdifferentineverystate.InJharkhandloadexceeding4kWisgiven3phase.
Reply Share
AchintyaParadkar 7monthsago
Wellexplainedsir!!!Thanksforsuchasimplifiedarticle,thiswasallIneeded!
AlthoughIhavesomefollowupquestions:
1)Howdoweknowwhetherathreepinswitchinmywallisasinglephaseorphreephase?
2)Arethereanyhouseholdappliancesthatrequire415Vsupply?Ifyes,willitrequirethreephasesupply
3)Ihavea16Aswitchinmyrooms,whatdoesthatmean?
4)IsthereanydangerifIconnectasinglephaseequipmenttoathreephasesupplyorviceversa?
Thanksalotforyourhelp!
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>AchintyaParadkar 7monthsago
HiAchintya,
Hereismyresponse:
a)A3phaseconnectionisdividedinto3differentphaseswhenconnectedinahouse.Soeachp
threephases).Loadhastobedividedequallyinahousetoall3phases.
b)Allappliancesworkonlyonsinglephase.Threephaseisimportantonlywheneithertotalload
supply.Inresidentialconnectionthereisnoappliancethatneeds3phase.
c)16Ampswitchmeansthatitisaswitchthatcancarryupto16Ampcurrenteasily.Beyondtha
d)Athomeeachplugpointwillonlygetsinglephase.Sothereshouldbenodanger.
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AchintyaParadkar>BijliBachaoTeam 7monthsago
Thankyousomuchforanswering!Helpedalot!
Reply Share
SANJEEVPATIL 7monthsago
WEHAVETHREEPHASECONNECTIONIFWECONNECTSINGLEPHASELOADTO3PHASEENE
COMPARETOSINGLEPHASEENERGYMETER
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>SANJEEVPATIL 7monthsago
Therearetwocomponentstoelectricitybill:1)Energycharges2)Fixedcharges.Theenergycha
applianceswhichdoesnotdependonsinglephaseorthreephase.FixedChargesdependonthe
phaseconnectionsascomparedtosinglephaseconnections.Butthenagainifyourelectricitydi
withacertainload,theywillchargeforitcompletelyirrespectiveofthenumberofphasesthatyou
Reply Share
BalkalGhosh 7monthsago
Ihavesinglephaseconnectioninmyappartmentbutmyneighbourrecentlychangedthemselfintothree
hisACwehaveavoltagedrop.Why?plzexplain.
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>BalkalGhosh 7monthsago
Thepossiblereasonisthatwhilechangingsingletothreephaseatyourneighborhouse,ACofy
house.Normallywhenloadisdistributedinaarea,thephaseofyourneighborwasdifferentand
increasedresultinginhighvoltagedrop.Youmayaskyourneighbortochangethephaseatanyl
solved.
Reply Share
Bhavin 7monthsago
Sirihavea3phaseconnectionatmyplaceandinmyareathereisregularpowercut,stateboardelectr
powerinphaseinwhichtubelightandfanareconnectedwhatcanidosothaticangetpowerfromothe
Reply Share
BijliBachaoTeam>Bhavin 7monthsago
HiBhavin,
Althoughwehavenotseenanypracticalapplicationofitourselvesbutthereissomethingcalled
marketthatclaimstodothis.Youcanlookatthislink:http://www.boparai.in/Products........howe
Reply Share
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