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Agriculture
Introduction of
Biotechnology in Indias
Agriculture
Impact, Performance and Economics
Vasant P. Gandhi
Centre For Management in Agriculture
Indian Institute of Management
Ahmedabad (IIMA)
Ahmedabad, India
Dinesh Jain
Entrepreneurship Development
Institute of India
Ahmedabad, India
Copyright of Works shall be held in the name of Centre for Management in Agriculture
(CMA), Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad.
ISBN 978-981-10-1090-3
ISBN 978-981-10-1091-0
DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1091-0
(eBook)
Foreword
Ashish Nanda
Preface
The book is dedicated to the memory of Professor D.K. Desai, the founder of the
Centre for Management in Agriculture and the pioneer of agribusiness education in
India, and Professor Gunvant Desai, the outstanding professor and researcher from
whom the authors learnt so much. The book is a result of research studies conducted
by the authors and associated researchers to objectively examine the performance of
the recently introduced Bt cotton varieties in India. The study was undertaken at the
request of the Ministry of Agriculture, government of India, as a coordinated
research project covering the major cotton-growing states of Andhra Pradesh,
Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu, to objectively evaluate its performance. The
study was conducted under the leadership of the Centre for Management in
Agriculture (CMA), Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA), and in
cooperation with the Agro-Economic Research Centres (AERCs) in these states,
associated with the ministry. While the study in Maharashtra and the consolidated
study were carried out by CMA, the other studies were largely undertaken by the
respective AERCs in these states in coordination with CMA. This book manuscript
consolidates the following research studies:
1. Economics of Bt Cotton vis--vis traditional Cotton Varieties Study in Andhra
Pradesh, by N. Ramgopal, Agro-Economic Research Centre, Andhra University,
Visakhapatnam, 2006.
2. Returns to Bt Cotton vis--vis Traditional Cotton Varieties in Gujarat State, by
V.D. Shah, Agro-Economic Research Centre, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh
Vidyanagar, 2007.
3. Returns and Economics of Bt Cotton vis--vis Traditional Cotton Varieties in the
State of Maharashtra in India, by Vasant P. Gandhi and N.V. Namboodiri, Centre
for Management in Agriculture, Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad,
2009.
4. Returns to Bt Cotton vis--vis Traditional Cotton in Tamil Nadu, by A. Pushpavalli,
Agro-Economic Research Centre, University of Madras, Chennai, 2007.
The authors very gratefully acknowledge the contributions of N. Ramgopal,
Agro-Economic Research Centre (AERC), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh;
vii
viii
Preface
V.D. Shah, AERC, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat; S.S. Kalamkar, AERC, Pune,
Maharashtra; A. Pushpavalli, AERC, Chennai, Tamil Nadu; and N.V. Namboodiri,
CMA-IIMA, as well as the heads and staff of all the centres. The authors wish to
sincerely thank Darshan Ajudia, Varsha Khandker, Chandrabhushan, Aashish
Argade, PV Sethumadhavan, Barathi Ramachandran, Mini Nair and Dipali Solanki
for their assistance. Support of the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India,
and CMA-IIMA is gratefully acknowledged.
Ahmedabad, India
Vasant P. Gandhi
Dinesh Jain
Contents
Part I
Introduction
3
3
4
5
7
7
7
7
Part II
4
10
11
17
17
19
20
22
22
23
23
24
25
29
29
ix
Contents
41
41
41
41
53
53
54
55
63
63
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67
68
Part III
9
33
33
33
36
36
38
39
50
61
73
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73
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80
83
Contents
xi
10
85
85
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11
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12
13
Part IV
14
105
105
105
109
112
115
115
119
119
119
121
125
131
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134
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137
xii
Contents
14.6
139
140
142
144
15
151
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151
151
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16
155
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160
14.7
17
145
145
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173
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Contents
17.4
18
xiii
Part V
179
179
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181
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19
20
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194
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199
200
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202
21
22
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xiv
Contents
22.4
23
Part VI
24
25
225
225
225
226
226
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229
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232
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232
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228
Contents
26
27
28
xv
233
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xvi
Contents
28.4
28.5
28.6
261
263
264
265
266
List of Figures
Fig. 2.1
Fig. 2.2
Fig. 2.3
Fig. 2.4
Fig. 2.5
Fig. 3.1
Fig. 3.2
Fig. 5.1
Fig. 5.2
Fig. 6.1
Fig. 6.2
Fig. 6.3
Fig. 6.4
Fig. 6.5
Fig. 6.6
Fig. 6.7
Fig. 6.8
Fig. 6.9
Fig. 6.10
10
10
13
13
14
20
25
39
40
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43
43
47
47
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48
48
49
49
xvii
xviii
Fig. 6.11
Fig. 14.1
Fig. 14.2
Fig. 14.3
List of Figures
49
Fig. 17.1
Fig. 19.1
Fig. 19.2
Fig. 19.3
Fig. 19.4
Fig. 19.5
Fig. 19.6
186
187
187
188
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189
Fig. 22.1
Fig. 22.2
Fig. 22.3
Fig. 22.4
205
205
209
Fig. 22.5
Fig. 22.6
Fig. 22.7
Fig. 22.8
Fig. 22.9
Fig. 22.10
210
210
211
212
212
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213
List of Tables
Table 2.1
Table 2.2
Table 2.3
Table 2.4
Table 2.5
Table 2.6
Table 2.7
Table 2.8
Table 3.1
Table 3.2
Table 3.3
Table 3.4
Table 3.5
Table 4.1
Table 4.2
Table 4.3
Table 5.1
Table 5.2
8
8
9
11
12
14
15
16
18
19
20
24
25
30
31
32
34
34
xix
xx
Table 5.3
Table 5.4
Table 5.5
Table 5.6
Table 5.7
Table 5.8
Table 5.9
Table 5.10
Table 5.11
Table 5.12
Table 5.13
Table 5.14
Table 5.15
Table 6.1
Table 6.2
Table 6.3
Table 6.4
Table 6.5
Table 6.6
Table 6.7
Table 6.8
Table 6.9
Table 6.10
List of Tables
35
35
36
37
37
38
38
38
39
39
39
40
40
42
44
44
45
45
46
46
47
51
52
List of Tables
Table 7.1
Table 7.2
Table 7.3
Table 7.4
Table 7.5
Table 7.6
Table 7.7
Table 7.8
Table 7.9
Table 7.10
Table 7.11
Table 7.12
Table 7.13
Table 7.14
Table 7.15
Table 7.16
Table 7.17
Table 9.1
Table 9.2
Table 9.3
xxi
54
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60
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61
62
62
62
74
75
77
xxii
Table 9.4
Table 9.5
Table 9.6
Table 9.7
Table 10.1
Table 10.2
Table 10.3
Table 10.4
Table 11.1
Table 11.2
Table 11.3
Table 11.4
Table 11.5
Table 11.6
Table 11.7
Table 11.8
Table 11.9
Table 11.10
Table 11.11
Table 11.12
Table 12.1
Table 12.2
Table 12.3
Table 12.4
Table 12.5
Table 12.6
Table 12.7
Table 12.8
Table 12.9
List of Tables
78
79
80
81
86
86
87
88
90
91
92
93
94
96
98
100
101
102
102
103
106
107
108
108
110
112
112
113
113
List of Tables
Table 13.1
Table 13.2
Table 13.3
Table 13.4
Table 13.5
Table 13.6
Table 13.7
Table 13.8
Table 13.9
Table 13.10
Table 13.11
Table 13.12
Table 13.13
Table 13.14
Table 13.15
Table 13.16
Table 13.17
Table 13.18
Table 13.19
Table 13.20
Table 13.21
Table 14.1
Table 14.2
xxiii
116
117
117
118
118
119
119
120
120
121
122
123
124
125
125
126
126
127
127
128
128
xxiv
Table 14.3
Table 14.4
Table 14.5
Table 14.6
Table 14.7
Table 14.8
Table 14.9
Table 14.10
Table 14.11
Table 14.12
Table 14.13
List of Tables
135
136
137
139
141
143
144
146
147
148
149
Table 15.1
Table 16.1
Table 16.2
Table 16.3
Table 16.4
Table 16.5
Table 16.6
Table 17.1
Table 17.2
Table 17.3
156
158
159
160
162
163
List of Tables
Table 17.4
Table 17.5
Table 17.6
Table 17.7
Table 17.8
Table 17.9
Table 17.10
xxv
169
171
172
174
175
176
178
Table 18.1
Table 19.1
Table 19.2
Table 20.1
Table 20.2
Table 20.3
Table 20.4
Table 20.5
Table 20.6
Table 20.7
Table 20.8
Table 21.1
Table 21.2
Table 21.3
Table 21.4
Table 21.5
192
192
193
193
194
194
195
195
198
199
199
200
200
xxvi
Table 21.6
Table 21.7
Table 22.1
Table 22.2
Table 22.3
Table 22.4
Table 22.5
Table 22.6
Table 22.7
Table 22.8
Table 23.1
Table 23.2
Table 23.3
Table 23.4
Table 23.5
Table 23.6
Table 23.7
Table 23.8
List of Tables
204
206
207
208
211
214
215
216
218
218
219
219
220
220
221
222
Table 24.1
Table 24.2
Table 25.1
Table 26.1
Table 26.2
Table 26.3
Table 26.4
234
235
236
237
List of Tables
Table 26.5
Table 26.6
Table 26.7
Table 26.8
Table 26.9
Table 26.10
xxvii
238
239
240
241
242
Table 27.1
Table 27.2
Table 27.3
Table 27.4
248
249
251
255
Table 28.1
Table 28.2
Table 28.3
Table 28.4
258
258
259
Table 28.5
Table 28.6
Table 28.7
Table 28.8
Table 28.9
Table 28.10
Table 28.11
244
259
260
260
261
262
264
264
266
xxix