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Cardiac ischemia occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle (myocardium) is
decreased by a partial or complete blockage of a coronary artery. A sudden, severe
blockage may lead to a heart attack (myocardial infarction). Cardiac ischemia may
also cause a serious abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia), which can cause fainting
or even sudden death.
What Is Myocardial Ischemia?
More than 6 million Americans live with myocardial ischemia, or angina. The
term refers to chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle is
not getting enough oxygen-rich blood for a short period of time. The
inadequate blood flow is caused by narrowed coronary arteries, which are the
vessels that supply blood to the heart. A bout of myocardial ischemia is not
a heart attack, but it means that you're more likely to have a heart attack
than someone who doesn't have myocardial ischemia.
• Stable
• Unstable
• Variant (also known asPrinzmetal's angina).
Unstable and variant myocardial ischemia are usually not associated with
triggers.
Know the Risk Factors
Specific risk factors for myocardial ischemia include:
Stable and unstable myocardial ischemia occur more often in older adults.
People with variant myocardial ischemia are often younger than those with
other forms of the condition.
• Chest
• Shoulders
• Jaw
• Neck
• Back
• Arms.
It may feel like a squeezing, pressing sensation in the chest. This pain
usually lasts two to five minutes.
Not all chest pain is myocardial ischemia. Several other conditions can cause
chest discomfort or pain, such as:
• Heartburn
• Stomach ulcers
• Panic attack
• Muscle problems
• Pneumonia
• Heart attack
• Inflammation around the heart.
There are some serious symptoms that indicate you are having a heart
attack. If you have any of these symptoms, call 911 immediately:
• Pain or discomfort that is very bad, gets worse, and lasts longer
than 20 minutes
• Pain or discomfort along with weakness, feeling sick to your
stomach, sweating, or fainting
• Pain or discomfort that does not go away when you
take anginamedicine
• Pain or discomfort that is worse than you have ever had before.
• Chest
• Shoulders
• Jaw
• Neck
• Back
• Arms.
It may feel like a squeezing, pressing sensation in the chest. This pain
usually lasts two to five minutes.
Not all chest pain is myocardial ischemia. Several other conditions can cause
chest discomfort or pain, such as:
• Heartburn
• Stomach ulcers
• Panic attack
• Muscle problems
• Pneumonia
• Heart attack
• Inflammation around the heart.
There are some serious symptoms that indicate you are having a heart
attack. If you have any of these symptoms, call 911 immediately:
• Pain or discomfort that is very bad, gets worse, and lasts longer
than 20 minutes
• Pain or discomfort along with weakness, feeling sick to your
stomach, sweating, or fainting
• Pain or discomfort that does not go away when you
take anginamedicine
• Pain or discomfort that is worse than you have ever had before.