HAVE TO AND MUST USING

I have to go now because I am already late for my class.

We use have to if we want to express an objective obligation, that means something is obligatory, for example:
My father has to work 8 hours every day.
You have to study at university if you want to obtain my MBA.
We use must to express a subjective obligation. A subjective obligation is something essential or nessary, for
example:
I must leave now. or You must come to our party. (you simply can't afford missing it).
Believe that something is true
Have to based on facts

You must believe in god / people must believe in god

You have to study to in do well English

When you want to use facts use have to

If you belief that something is true but you dont have facts for you feel strongly use must
I have to go because I must cook diner for my girlfriend. (Emotion thinking) www.EngVid.com
Do I have to work today , Do I have to eat this

for past Did I have to eat this.

The maid must clean the house every day , We must eat in order to live , You must be thirsty after your long walk.

We can use 'must' to show that we are certain something is true. We are making a logical deduction based upon
some clear evidence or reason.

There's no heating on. You must be freezing.

You must be worried that she is so late coming home.
I can't remember what I did with it. I must be getting old.
It must be nice to live in Florida.

We also use 'must' to express a strong obligation. When we use 'must' this usually means that some personal
circumstance makes the obligation necessary (and the speaker almost certainly agrees with the obligation.)

I must go to bed earlier.

They must do something about it.
You must come and see us some time.
I must say, I don't think you were very nice to him.

We can also use 'have to' to express a strong obligation. When we use 'have to' this usually means that some
external circumstance makes the obligation necessary.

I have to arrive at work at 9 sharp. My boss is very strict.

We have to give him our answer today or lose out on the contract.
You have to pass your exams or the university will not accept you.
I have to send a report to Head Office every week.

Sometimes we can use must or have to to mean the same thing.

Example:
I need to be at the airport in one hour, so I must / have to go.
Generally, we use must for expressing personal feelings, and have to for expressing facts.
Example:
That new restaurant is great! You must go there!
You have to turn off your mobile phone in a museum.
Must not / mustn't and don't have to have different meanings. Must not / mustn't means it is forbidden. Don't have
to means it is not necessary.
Example:
You mustn't do personal work on the company's computers.
You don't have to attend the meeting if you don't want to.
In general, must expresses personal obligation. Must expresses what the speaker thinks is necessary. Must is
subjective. Look at these examples:

I must stop smoking.

You must visit us soon.
He must work harder.

In each of the above cases, the "obligation" is the opinion or idea of the person speaking. In fact, it is not a real
obligation. It is not imposed from outside
We use must not to say that something is not permitted or allowed, for example:

Passengers must not talk to the driver.

You mustn't arrive late. (not You mustn't to arrive late.)

Use of Must not

Must not expresses prohibition - something that is not permitted, not allowed. The prohibition can be subjective
(the speaker's opinion) or objective (a real law or rule). Look at these examples:

I mustn't eat so much sugar. (subjective)

You mustn't watch so much television. (subjective)
Students must not leave bicycles here. (objective)
Policemen must not drink on duty. (objective)

must / have to / have got to

Tiggy from Belgium writes:

I would like to know what the difference is
between must and have to?
When should I use one and not the other?

Roger Woodham replies:

must, have to and have got to: expressing the present

Must, have to and have got to are all used to express
obligation or the need to do something.
They can be used interchangeably in the present tense, except
that must suggests that it is the speaker who has decided that
something is necessary, whereas have to and have got to
suggest that somebody else has imposed the decision.
Have got to is characteristic of very informal speech. Have to
sounds slightly more formal.
Compare the following:

I must clean the house before mum gets back. I want

her to find it all neat and tidy.
Sorry, I can't come out now. I've got to tidy up my room
before I'm allowed out.
He has to attend the clinic every two weeks. He's really
quite seriously ill.
You must come and visit us again soon. It's ages since
we saw you.

With frequency adverbs such as always, often, sometimes,

never, etc, have to is normally preferred:

I usually have to work on Saturdays so I hardly ever go

away for the weekend.

They sometimes have to get their own suppers if their

mother is working late.

must and have to: expressing the future and the past
Must and have got to have no future or past tense forms.
We cannot say: I had got to.../ I'll have got to.../ I'll must.../

I've must....
However we can also use must to express future as well as
present intention, especially if it is the speaker who decides
that something is necessary. But it cannot be used to express
past intention.
Have to is the only one of the three that possesses past and
future forms.

Compare the following:

To get to Leeds by ten, I shall have to leave London

before six tomorrow.
To get to Leeds by ten, I must leave London before six
tomorrow.
You'll have to put the scaffolding up before you go on to
the roof. It's not safe otherwise.
You'll have to have that tooth extracted. It's very badly
infected.
We had to leave the party early. Tom was obviously
unwell.

We've had to cancel our holiday. Tom is just not well

enough for a walking holiday.
must, have to and have got to in the interrogative
Have to and have got to are often preferred in the
interrogative, especially if the obligation is imposed from the
outside.
Compare the following:

What time have you got to be back? ~ Dinner's at

seven. So by half past six really.
How often do you have to travel to America on
business?
~ About once every six months.
Must you leave right now? Won't you stay a little
longer?

Do you have to leave now? ~ I do, unfortunately. I've

got to collect my son from school.
have to and mustn't
We have to use have to for the negative of must when there is
no obligation or necessity to do something:

You don't have to drink champagne at the reception.

You can have a soft drink.
I didn't have to play after all. Jane turned up and could
partner Alice.
You won't have to drive Tom to the airport next
Saturday. Julie's taking him.

We use mustn't to say that something is not allowed

You mustn't drink if you're going to drive afterwards.

You mustn't drink that water. It's contaminated.

You mustn't lie under oath. If you do, that's perjury.

I mustn't forget my keys. I'll put them here so that I

remember them.

He must go now. (this obligation is imposed by the speaker)

He has to go now. (This obligation does not come from the speaker but from an ouside source.)
They can be used interchangeably in the present tense, except that must suggests that it is the speaker who
has decided that something is necessary, whereas have to and have got to suggest that somebody else has
imposed the decision.
Have got to is characteristic of very informal speech. Have to sounds slightly more formal.

Compare the following:

I must clean the house before mum gets back. I want her to find it all neat and tidy.
Sorry, I can't come out now. I've got to tidy up my room before I'm allowed out.
He has to attend the clinic every two weeks. He's really quite seriously ill.

You must come and visit us again soon. It's ages since we saw you.

have to and mustn't

We have to use have to for the negative of must when there is no obligation or necessity to do something:

You don't have to drink champagne at the reception. You can have a soft drink.
I didn't have to play after all. Jane turned up and could partner Alice.
You won't have to drive Tom to the airport next Saturday. Julie's taking him.

We use mustn't to say that something is not allowed

You mustn't drink if you're going to drive afterwards.

You mustn't drink that water. It's contaminated.
You mustn't lie under oath. If you do, that's perjury.

I mustn't forget my keys. I'll put them here so that I remember them.

What are comparative adjectives?

Comparative adjectives are used to clerify the difference between 2 objects/nouns. .

Comparative adjectives are used to compare 2 nouns.

To state that one noun has more of something then the 2nd noun.

Note: Superlative adjectives are used to compare 3 or more nouns.

Examples:

The black dog is older than the white dog.

My house is bigger than my sister's house.
The yellow hat is more expansive than the green hat.

The Rules for using Comparative Adjectives

Than" is usually usually used after the comparative adjective.
-er is added to the end of a 1-syllable adjective

cold - colder
small - smaller
tall - taller

The winter is colder than the summer.

The green hat is smaller than the yellow hat.
Most basketball players are taller than me.

-er is added to the end of an adjective with 2 syllables, if the word ends in -y.

early - earlier
happy - happier
crazy - crazier

I came home earlier than my sister.

I am happier now than 1 year ago.
My friend is crazier than me.

"more" is used for words that have 2 syllables, if the word doesn't end in -y. adjectives that end in -y, change the -y
to i and add -ed

honest - more honest

difficult- more difficult
modern - more modern

The policeman are more honest than criminals.

The last test was more difficult than the test today.
Our generation is more modern, than our parents generation

"more" is used for words that have 3 or more syllables

expensive - more expensive

difficult - more difficult
comfortable - more comfortable

adjectives that end in -e, only -r is added to end of the adjective

nice -nicer
safe -safer

adjective that end in a consonant, vowel, consonant - the last consonant is doubled

big -bigger
fat- fatter
hot -hotter

My house is bigger than, my sisters house.

My sister is fatter than me.
The summer is hotter than the winter.

What are superlative adjectives?

Superlative adjectives are used to define the highest degree of a noun. Superlative adjectives are used only if 3 or
more things or people are being compared.
Examples:

The black dog is the biggest.

The house at the end of the street is the nicest.
My mother's pizza is the best.

The structure of a superlative usually consists of the root of the adjective root of the adjective plus the suffix -est or
"most" or "least" is added before the adjective in it's root form.
The amount of syllables the adjectives contain determines if -est is added to the end of the adjective or if "most" or
"least" is added before the adjective.
The chart below is a guide to help you understand the correct structure of superlative adjectives.
English Superlative Adjectives Rules
-est is added to the end of an adjective 1-syllable word

cold - coldest
small - smallest
tall - tallest

This winter is the coldest, that I can remember.

The green hat is the smallest hat in the store.

I am the tallest, in my class

Change the y to an -i.and add -est to the end of an adjective with 2 syllables, if the word ends in -y.

early - earliest
happy - happiest
crazy - craziest

Today is the earliest that I came home all week.

She is the happiest, I have been seen her.
I have the craziest dog, I have ever seen.

"most" or "least" are used for adjectives that consist of two syllables, if the word doesn't end in -y. adjectives that
end in -y, change the -y to i and add -ed

honest - most honest

difficult- most difficult
modern - more modern

The policeman are the most honest people that I know.

The last test was the most difficult.
Our generation is the most modern.

"most" and "least" are used for adjectives that contain 3 or more syllables

expensive - most expensive

difficult - most difficult
comfortable - most comfortable

That is the most expensive dress in the store.

This problem is the most difficult, that I have had to solve in my life.
These shoes are the most comfortable.

If an adjectives that ends in -e, then only -r is added to end of the adjective.

nice -nicest
safe -safest

Your family is the nicest that I have ever met.

This car is the safest on the market.

Adjective that end in a consonant, vowel, consonant - the last consonant is doubled and -est is added to the end of
the adjective.

big -biggest
fat- fattest
hot -hottest

My house is the biggest on the block.

My sister is the fattest in the school.
The summer is the hottest time of the year.

Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative).

1. My house is (big)

bigger

than yours.

2. This flower is (beautiful)

than that one.

3. This is the (interesting)

book I have ever read.

4. Non-smokers usually live (long)

than smokers.

5. Which is the (dangerous)

animal in the world?

6. A holiday by the sea is (good)

than a holiday in the mountains.

7. It is strange but often a coke is (expensive)

8. Who is the (rich)

woman on earth?

9. The weather this summer is even (bad)

10. He was the (clever)
1. Joe is

than Ed. (short)

. (short)

3. Ed is the

. (thin)

5. Al has the
6. Al is
7. Ed is the
8. Joe is
9. Ed is the
10. Joe is

than last summer.

thief of all.

2. Al is the
4. Joe is

than a beer.

than Al. (thin)

clothes. (colourful)
than Joe. (heavy)
. (light)
than Ed. (happy)
. (mysterious)
than Ed. (energetic)

Comparative is the name for the grammar used when comparing two things. The two basic ways to compare are
using as .. as or than. Examples of each are shown below:

She's twice as old as her sister.

He's not as stupid as he looks!
I'm almost as good in maths as in science.
This book is not as exciting as the last one.
The cafeteria is not as crowded as usual.
Russian is not quite as difficult as Chinese.

When comparing with as .. as, the adjective does not change. When comparing with than, however, some changes
are necessary, depending on the number of syllables the adjective has: