Experiment 0: Sensor Calibration and Linear Regression

Name: Yipeng Niu

UID: 504580941
Date: 8/8/2016
Session: Monday 8:30 am
TA: Daniel Hill
Partners: Ingrid Mattinger and Micheal Cui

Niu 1
2. What is the proper expression for a ?
f =

2
f
f
x ++
z
x
z

)|
2

x best , ,z best

f =a= v / t

a v 1
=
=
v v t
t

()

a v v
=
= 2
t t t
t

()

a=

2
1
v
v + 2 t
t
t

)(

)|
2

v best , t best

| |( ) ( )

a=

v best
t best

v 2 t
+
v best
t best

3. (1) What is the maximum number of digits Capstone will display (recall
x0.2.2)?
The maximum is 16 digits.
(2) If the sensor precision is exactly 4 digits and you take data with 10
displayed digits, describe what your actual measurement precision is and
what you would expect to see in digits 5 through 10.
The actual measurement precision is 4 digits. Digits 5 through 10 fluctuate rapidly.
(3) If the display precision is turned down far enough, it may be possible to
completely eliminate sensor fluctuations. Describe why doing this might
not be the best idea for taking good data.
The actual measurement precision becomes smaller than the sensor precision, so the
data is not the most accurate possible data using the device.
4. Present your final plotted results of the calibration procedure as a figure.

Niu 2

Force Sensor Linear Calibration

0
f(x) = - 0.16x - 0
-0.08
-0.15
-0.23
-0.31
-0.38

This is the Force Sensor Linear Calibration that Yipeng Niu made for Experiment 0.
The unit of y in the equation is V, and x is N.
5. State the results of your calibration. What does your value for the y-intercept
tell you about the effectiveness of the taring procedure?

Intercept
X Variable 1

Coefficients
-2.018E-05
-0.156599272

Standard
Error
0.000630489
0.00042457

This is a part of my regression table. It shows that the intercept uncertainty

b=0.0006 V and the slope uncertainty a=0.0004 V/N. I have my final result
for calibration:
V =aF+b
a=(156.6 0.4 ) mV/N
b=(0.0 0.6) mV

a is the slope and b is the intercept. By plugging in a force

predicted output voltage of the sensor V in mV.

in N, we get a

There is a small intercept value, which shows that the taring procedure is not perfect.
6. Rewrite your calibration curve in the form F=cV +d
V =aF+b
V b
=F
a a

Niu 3
Let c=

c best =

1
a

b best
0.0
=
=0
a best 156.6

d =|d best|

c
a 2
= (
)
|c best| |abest|

By ii.23,

b
a

1
1
=
=0.00639 N/mV
a best 156.6
d best=

c =|c best| (

and d=

a
0.4
) =0.00639 (
) =0.00002 N/mV
|156.6|
|a best|

Similarly,
a
b
a 2
b 2
a 2
b 2
0.6
(
) +(
) = (|d best|
) +(|d best|
) = (|d best|
) +(
) = 0+(
156.
|a best| |bbest|
|a best|
|bbest|
|abest| |abest|
N
2

So

F=cV +d

c=(6.39 0.02) N/V

d=(0.000 0.004) N
7. Frankie Fivefingers and Avril Armstrong.
The grade is curved, and Frankie and Avril are in different sessions, so they can have
the same numerical scores but different letter grades.
The mean of the other students mean numerical scores in Frankies section is lower
than 84, and the mean in Avrils session is higher than 84.