-------------------------------------------------MT S BI TP ESTE HAY (25-8-2016)-----------------NGUN: S TM TRN MNG-LI GII: PHM HOI BO-THPTGIO LINH-QUNG TR

Cu 26[Chuyn Vinh-15]: X,Y,Z l ba axit cacboxylic n chc cng dy ng ng (MX < MY < MZ), T l este
to bi X, Y, Z vi mt ancol no, ba chc, mch h E. t chy hon ton 26,6 gam hn hp M gm X, Y, Z, T
(trong Y v Z c cng s mol) bng lng va kh O2, thu c 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc) v 16,2 gam H2O. Mt
khc, un nng 26,6 gam M vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu
c 21,6 gam Ag. Mt khc, cho 13,3 gam M phn ng ht vi 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v un nng, thu
c dung dch N. C cn dung dch N thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr gn nht vi m l?
A. 38,04 gam.
B. 24,74 gam.
C. 16,74 gam.
D. 25,10 gam.
__________Cch 1: TIM CN T LUN:
Nhn xt: Ta khng th tnh s mol ca hn hp M thng qua s mol ca NaOH phn ng thy phn c, v NaOH
y d ( hi khi lng rn).
+V M c trng bc nn chc chn X phi l HCOOH (vy X, Y, Z l cc axit u no n chc).
1.44+16,2-26,6
BTNT.O
M
+C nOphn ng =
=1,05mol
nTrong
=0,8mol
O
32
T
n T = 0,05mol
n CO2 = 1
2Ag
1-0,9
n Ag = 0,2
+V

n este =
=0,05mol

mol
2
2Ag
n H2O = 0,9
n HCOOH = 0,05
HCOOH
BTNT.O
+
2.n X + 6.nT + 2.n Y+Z n Y+Z =

n = 0,1mol
0,8-0,05.6-0,05.2
V Y v Z c s mol bng nhau
=0,2
Y
mol
2
n Z = 0,1

X: HCOOH: 0,05mol
X: HCOOH: 0,05mol

mol
mol
Y: CH3 COOH: 0,1
Y:Cn H2n O2 Cn-1 H2n-1 COOH:0,1

Z:Cm H2m O2 Cm-1 H2m-1 COOH:0,1mol BTNT.C Z: C2 H5 COOH: 0,1mol

HCOO
HCOO
T: C H COO C H :0,05 mol
T: CH COO C H
mol
n-1 2n-1
a 2a+1
3
m 2m+1 :0,05

C2 H5 COO
Cm-1 H2m-1 COO
X: HCOOH: 0,05mol

mol
Y: CH3 COOH: 0,1

1
Z: C2 H5 COOH: 0,1mol
BTNT.C
BTNT.C
+Hoc
CM =
=3,3

m=3
0,05+0,2+0,05
HCOO

T: CH COO C H
mol
3
m 2m+1 :0,05

C2 H5 COO
HCOOH: 0,05
CH COOH: 0,1
3

BTKL
+

hhM + NaOH
Rn +
C
H
13,3gam
0,4mol
2 5 COOH: 0,1
HCOO-C H (OOCCH )(OOCC H ):0,05
3 5
3
2 5

H2 O
t axit =

0,05+0,1+0,1
2

+ C3 H5 (OH)3
m = 24,75gam
t este =

0,05
2

__________Cch 2: NGN HN MT XU
+ X, Y, Z
RCOOH
T : (RCOO)3 R'; E : R'(OH)3
mol
6a + 2b = 0,8
a = 0,05
Cn H 2n-4 O6 : a +O2 : 0,105mol CO2 :1
+ 26,6 gam M

mol
14 + 92a + 32b = 26,6
b = 0, 25
H 2 O : 0,9
C m H 2m O 2 : b

(RCOO)3 R' : 0,15 +AgNO / NH

R' = 41
3
3
+26,6 gam M

Ag : 0, 2mol
n HCOO- = 0,1mol
0, 4.R + 0,05.R' = 8,75

RCOOH : 0, 25
R = 16,75
(RCOO)3 R' +NaOH: 0,4mol NaOH : 0, 2 mol
+13,3 gam M

m = 24,75 gam
RCOONa : 0, 2 mol
RCOOH

__________Cch 3: QUI I
X: HCOOH: ( 0,05 +
0,05
) = 0,1mol

c sn t qui i este

Y,Z: C H O2 c C H
COOH: ( 0,2 +
2.0,05
) = 0,3mol
n 2n
n-1 2n-1

Qui i hn hp u v axit v ancolkt

M
c sn t qui i este

mol
0,05
Cm H2m+2O3 :

= mol este

mol
H2O: -3.0,05
BTNT.C
chn n = 2,5
0,1.1+0,3.n + 0,05.m = 1

m=3

Cu 27[Chuyn Nguyn Hu-16]: X,Y,Z l ba axit cacboxylic n chc cng dy ng ng (MX < MY < MZ), T l
este to bi X, Y, Z vi mt ancol no, ba chc, mch h E. t chy hon ton 26,6 gam hn hp M gm X, Y, Z, T
(trong Y v Z c cng s mol) bng lng va kh O2, thu c 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc) v 16,2 gam H2O. Mt
khc, un nng 26,6 gam M vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu
c 21,6 gam Ag. Mt khc, cho 6,65 gam M phn ng ht vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v un nng, thu
c dung dch N. C cn dung dch N thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr gn nht vi m l?
A. 38gam.
B. 12gam.
C. 25 gam.
D. 28 gam.
Cu 28(Nht Trng). X, Y, Z l ba axit cacboxylic n chc cng dy ng ng ( MX < MY < MZ), T l este
to bi X, Y, Z vi mt ancol no, ba chc mch h E. t chy hon t on 36,6 gam hn hp M gm X, Y, Z, T ( Y
v Z ng mol) bng lng va 36,96 lt O2 thu c kh CO2 v 23,4 gam H2O. Mt khc, khi un nng lng
M trn vi lng d AgNO3/NH3, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th c ng 43,2 gam Ag, Nu cho 0,54
mol hn hp M trn phn ng ht vi 990 ml NaOH 1M ,un nng thu c dung dch. C cn N thu c hi
lng cht rn khan c gi tr gn nht vi:
A.44,45 gam
B.82,45 gam
C.79,90 gam
D.45,80 gam
C1:
Nhn xt: Ta khng th tnh s mol ca hn hp M thng qua s mol ca NaOH phn ng thy phn c, v NaOH
y d ( hi khi lng rn).
+V M c trng bc nn chc chn X phi l HCOOH (vy X, Y, Z l cc axit u no n chc).
BTNT.O
+C
nOTrong M = 1,0mol
BTKL

T
n T = 0,1mol
n CO2 = 1,5mol
2Ag
1,5-1,3
n Ag = 0,4
+V

n este =
= 0,1mol

mol
2
2Ag
n HCOOH = 0,1
HCOOH
n H2O = 1,3mol
BTNT.O
+
2.n X + 6.n T + 2.n Y+Z n Y+Z =

mol
1,0-0,05.6-0,1.2
n = 0,05
V Y v Z c s mol bng nhau
=0,1mol
Y
mol
2
n Z = 0,05

X: HCOOH: 0,1mol
X: HCOOH: 0,1mol

mol
mol
Y: CH3 COOH: 0,05
Y: Cn H2n O2 Cn-1 H2n-1 COOH: 0,05

Z: Cm H2m O2 Cm-1 H2m-1 COOH: 0,05mol

Z: C3 H7 COOH: 0,05mol
BTNT.C

chn (n+m=6 & a=4)

HCOO
HCOO
T: C H COO C H : 0,1mol
T: CH COO C H :0,01mol
n-1 2n-1
a 2a+1
3
4 7

Cm-1 H2m-1 COO

C3 H7 COO
X l s liu v BTKL
+
m = 77,92 gam

C2:
X: HCOOH: ( 0,1 +
0,1
) = 0,2mol

c sn t qui i este

2.0,1
) = 0,3mol
Y,Z: Cn H2n O2 Cn-1 H2n-1COOH: ( 0,1 +
Qui i hn hp u v axit v ancol
M
c sn t qui i este

mol
0,1
Cm H2m+2O3 :

= mol este

mol
H2O: -3.0,1
BTNT.C
chn n = 3
CH3 COOH v C3 H7 COOH
0,2.1+0,3.n + 0,1.m = 1,5

C4 H7 (OH)3
m=4