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00

100

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, DSS1
ISDN, LAPD, Q.931,
xDSL, QSIG, DPNSS, V5, TCP/IP, X25 .
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196240, , / 277
: (812) 389 29 72
mail: nio1@niits.ru
www.niits.ru

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SC

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ISBN 5-8206-0115-7

9 785820 601156

100

95

75

25

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2
3

-
2005

01 - Title.p65

21.07.2005, 15:54

621.395.34
63
32.881

. .

63

. 2. 3 .:
, 2005. 288 .: .
ISBN 5820601157
3 
, 
.
ISDN,
100 .
, : DSS1,
QSIG, DPNSS, X.25, TCP/IP. 
V5, 
.
, , 
.
.

3005

ISBN 5820601157

, 2005
Boris Goldstein.

Access Network Protocols. Volume 2. 3d edition. SPb.BHV,


2005. 292 s.
The third edition of the book is devoted to telecommunication protocols in an
access network which is facing revolutionary changes in technologies and services.
The ISDN protocols converting the usage and capabilities of traditional analog
subscriber lines (POTS) that have been in use for nearly 100 years are considered.
An attempt is made to provide a commonapproach description of different
protocols such as DSS1, QSIG, DPNSS, X.25, TCP/IP. Special consideration is
given to an open interface V5 whose role in the evolution of telecommunication
networks seems to be extremely promising.
The book is primarily intended for engineers and scientists involved in the
research, development, and operation of telecommunication systems. The book
will be a valuable reference source for students and postgraduates studying in
these areas.

Scientific and technical edition

Copyright Boris Goldstein 2005

01 - Title.p65

21.07.2005, 15:54


..................................................................................... 7
..................................................... 8
..................................................... 8

1 ......................11
1.1 ...................................................................... 11
1.2 .................................... 14
1.3 :
............................................. 21
1.4
: ................................................... 24
1.5 :
..................................................................... 31
1.6 :
....................................................................... 37

2 .........................41
2.1 ISDN .......................................................... 41
2.2 .................................................. 44
2.3 ISDN ................................................ 56
2.4 xDSL .......................................................... 57

3 DSS1:
....................................65
3.1 DSS1 ..................................................................... 65
3.2 DSS1 ..................................... 70
3.3 LAPD ........................................................................... 80
3.4 LAPD: ........................................................ 87

4 DSS1: ...................95
4.1 Q.931 ........................................................ 95

02 - Contents.p65

21.07.2005, 15:54

4.2 ................................................................ 96
4.3 ...................... 112
4.4 ................................... 118
4.5 ....... 119
4.6 .......................................................... 121
4.7 ................................................................ 125

5 QSIG ................................................. 127


5.1 QSIG ......................................................... 127
5.2 .................................... 131
5.3 QSIG ....................... 139
5.4 DPNSS .................................................................... 143

6 V5 ................................. 147
6.1 ................. 147
6.2 V5: ............................... 151
6.3 .................................... 154
6.4 V5 ......................................... 158
6.5 LAPV5 ........................................................................ 161
6.6 3 ................................................ 164
6.7 ISDN ........................................ 167

7 ................................................ 171
7.1 ..................................................................... 171
7.2 ....... 173
7.3 .................................................. 182
7.4 ................................ 191
7.5 .............................................. 201
7.6 ................................................... 207
7.7 ...................... 211

02 - Contents.p65

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8 V5.2 ........................... 215


8.1 .................................. 215
8.2 V5.2 ................... 223
8.3 V5.2 ............................................................ 227
8.4 ............................................................. 231

9 X.25 .................................................. 235


9.1 ............................. 235
9.2 .25 ........................................... 240
9.3 .25 ................................................... 242
9.4 .25 ................................................... 244

10 ..................................... 247
10.1 TCP/IP OSI ............................................ 247
10.2 TCP ................................... 250
10.3 UDP ICMP ......................................................... 253
10.4 IP ....................................................... 255
10.5 ................................................... 261
10.6 TCP/IP ....................................................... 262
10.7 TCP/IP ................................................ 263

11 ,
.................... 265
11.1 ................................ 265
11.2 ............................ 269
11.3 .................................. 274

....................................................................... 282

02 - Contents.p65

21.07.2005, 15:54

02 - Contents.p65

21.07.2005, 15:54




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03 - Preface.p65

21.07.2005, 15:54

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03 - Preface.p65

21.07.2005, 15:54



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ECTF,
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03 - Preface.p65

21.07.2005, 15:54

10

R1.5. (2004);
SIP/SIPT. (2005);
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03 - Preface.p65

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21.07.2005, 15:54


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04 - Chap 1.p65

11

21.07.2005, 15:54

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04 - Chap 1.p65

12

21.07.2005, 15:54

13

25 , 1879 . 
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Bell System Western Union ,
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Bell, 
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Bell System 1984 . AT&T, Bell Labs Western Electric 7

04 - Chap 1.p65

13

21.07.2005, 15:54

14

: Paci
fic Telesis, NYNEX, Ameritech, Southwestern Bell, US West, Bell Atlantic
Bellsouth Telecommunications. 1995 . AT&T
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04 - Chap 1.p65

14

21.07.2005, 15:54

15

(Ringing), (Supervision), 
(Coding), (Hybrid) (Test).
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04 - Chap 1.p65

15

21.07.2005, 15:54

2

04 - Chap 1.p65

16

60 ( 48)

 
 










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21.07.2005, 15:54

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04 - Chap 1.p65

17

21.07.2005, 15:54

18

4
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04 - Chap 1.p65

18

21.07.2005, 15:54

19

()
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04 - Chap 1.p65

19

21.07.2005, 15:54

20

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04 - Chap 1.p65

20

21.07.2005, 15:54

21


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04 - Chap 1.p65

21

21.07.2005, 15:54

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04 - Chap 1.p65

22

21.07.2005, 15:54

23

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04 - Chap 1.p65

23

21.07.2005, 15:54

24

900 , 1400 , 1800 , 


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04 - Chap 1.p65

24

21.07.2005, 15:54

25



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04 - Chap 1.p65

25

21.07.2005, 15:54

26

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04 - Chap 1.p65

26

21.07.2005, 15:54

27

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04 - Chap 1.p65

27

21.07.2005, 15:54

28


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04 - Chap 1.p65

28

21.07.2005, 15:54

29

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04 - Chap 1.p65

29

21.07.2005, 15:54

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04 - Chap 1.p65

30

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31

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04 - Chap 1.p65

31

21.07.2005, 15:54

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04 - Chap 1.p65

32

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04 - Chap 1.p65

33

21.07.2005, 15:54

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04 - Chap 1.p65

34

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35





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04 - Chap 1.p65

35

21.07.2005, 15:54

36

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04 - Chap 1.p65

36

21.07.2005, 15:54

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04 - Chap 1.p65

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21.07.2005, 15:54

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04 - Chap 1.p65

38

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39

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04 - Chap 1.p65

39

21.07.2005, 15:54

40

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04 - Chap 1.p65

40

21.07.2005, 15:54


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05 - Chap 2.p65

41

21.07.2005, 15:54

42

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05 - Chap 2.p65

42

21.07.2005, 15:54

43

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05 - Chap 2.p65

43

21.07.2005, 15:54

44

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05 - Chap 2.p65

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45

. 1 
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1
2
3
4
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05 - Chap 2.p65

NT

+
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45

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46

S 
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05 - Chap 2.p65

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47

D L

F L

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F = ;
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4
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05 - Chap 2.p65

48 250

NT

F L


47

21.07.2005, 15:54

48

U 
NT1 . , U 
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,

05 - Chap 2.p65

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49

U.

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05 - Chap 2.p65

49

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50

; .. 
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05 - Chap 2.p65

50

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51


,
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05 - Chap 2.p65

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52

. 
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05 - Chap 2.p65

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53

, 0
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05 - Chap 2.p65

53

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54

,
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.
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.
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05 - Chap 2.p65

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55

; , 

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05 - Chap 2.p65

55

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56

.
, S T
TE1 TA, 1 .
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8 . , 
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( NT 
), 
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ISDN: .
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, 16 /c, D; 
144 /c.
, 
, ;
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. 2B+D 
,

,
. ( 
) 2 /c, 
30 c 64 /c 
D 64 /c. 
384 /c, 

05 - Chap 2.p65

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57

H0, 1920 /c, 


H12. C , 
H11 ( 1536 /c).
BRA
(2B + D)
ISDN

D
B1
B2

D
B1
.
.
.
B30

PRA
(30B + D)
ISDN

. 2.9 ISDN

,
ISDN ( , 
). 
, 
. , 
, 
, D 
.
,
PRI 


DSS1, 3, 4.

2.4 xDSL
, 
ISDN
64 /, 
, .

, ,
.25, Frame Relay, 64 /
128 / . , , 
ISDN 
, 
,
, , 
, (
) ..

05 - Chap 2.p65

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58


, , . , 
, , 

. , , 
. 

.
(VCR).
, 
.
, 

, , 
. 

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, HDTV,
.
, 
ISDN
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ISDN ISDN
(Broadband ISDN BISDN)
155 / 622 / 
, .

BISDN . 
,
,
. 
ISDN , 
,
,  
. DSL, , 
, 
, ISDN 64 /.
DSL.
DSL (Highdatarate Digital Subscriber Line) 
, 
, 
. 
2.048 /. 

05 - Chap 2.p65

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59

30,
HDSL

. 
ISDN,
, HDSL

.
HDSL 

2B1Q (
), .2.2. 
, 2B1Q
. 
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, , 
, ,
.

. HDSL, ,
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HDSL,
HDSL. ,

HDSL 2B1Q , 30.

E1

HDSL


1168/c

1168 /c

E1

HDSL

. 2.10 HDSL

SDSL (Singleline Digital Subscriber Line) 


DSL.
2048 /
.
DSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line),
, , 
. ADSL
(VoD),


.
,

05 - Chap 2.p65

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60

.
ADSL ,
, 
. 
, 
, 
, . 
, , 
ADSL 
. 
, , , 
,
,
, 
, . ADSL 
1.5 9 / 
16 640 / .
5.5 .
ADSL :
DMT (Discrete MultiTone),

ANSI 
ADSL. ANSI 1.413;
 CAP (Carrierless
Amplitude/Phase), DMT. 
ADSL 
, DMT;
QAM (Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation), .
RADSL (RateAdaptive DSL) DSL .

(, .), 

.
VDSL (Veryhighdatarate Digital Subscriber Line), 
, , 
, , . VDSL

. 
 (FTTC) VDSL
500 ,
25 51 /. 
 (FTTCab) 
, 25 /.

05 - Chap 2.p65

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61


144 /

100

200
300
()

400

500

2.768 /c

100

200

300

400

500

()

POTS, 4,

9.6 /

100

200

300

1.536 /c
( )

400

500

()

. 2.11 : () DSL ISDN; () HDSL; () ADSL

. 2.11 
xDSL. ADSL 2+ (2003 .) 
SHDSL (2002 .) 
. , 
11 .
ADSL 2+
ADSL. ADSL 2+ 
? .
ADSL2+ ,

(framing overhead),
. ADSL2+

25 M/ 1500 . 

05 - Chap 2.p65

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62


.
.
,

.
( ) 256 /,
, 


. 
ADSL2 
TDM DSL, 

ATM, .
, , Ethernet, ADSL2 
ATM. ADSL2+ 
ADSL, 
,
. ,
, ,
40 /
4 .
SHDSL
2002 ITU
G.991.2,
SHDSL.
xDSL , ITUT. 16
TCPAM 
2.3 /. 
SHDSL 
,
46 /, .
, TCPAM

11
SHDSL Telindus, 
CompTek 
 (
SHDSL 256 /
41 ).
SHDSL 
, ADSL
. SHDSL 
,

05 - Chap 2.p65

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63

. , ITU G.991.2 
, 
. SHDSL 

. , SHDSL,
Ethernet 10/100 BaseT 
, G.703 1.

. , SHDSL 
. 
SHDSL, 
, 1.2 .
ADSL
 20 , 

[IP].
SHDSL ADSL2+ ,
: ADSL

. 
SHDSL 
, 
, , 
ADSL2+ SHDSL
. 
SDSL SHDSL, 
, SHDSL
,

. 
SHDSL, 
, 
, , 
SDSL. , SHDSL
, ITU ETSI
G.SHDSL.bis, 
2.3 / 3.8 /
( TCPAM16), 5,7
/ (TCPAM32).
IAD
,
IAD,
, .. 
. , IAD ,

05 - Chap 2.p65

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64

, 
, . IAD 
,
, , 
IAD, xDSL. , IAD 
Ethernet 8 (
, 
). IAD DSLAM
xDSL (, SHDSL,
), 
. , 
, 
IADA. A
. IADD
, .
, D.
, , 
Ethernet , IADE. E
Ethernet. IAD 
. Ethernet
, IP,
DSLAM, ATM, IP
(IPDSAM). xDSL

,
ISDN . 
xDSL, ,
. , 
ISDN,
,
. DSL, , 
, 
.
, ISDN,
,

. 
: , 
... .
30
(2048 /) 1960 . 
(ISDN) 1980 .
DSL
19902000 . : 
, , .

05 - Chap 2.p65

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3
DSS1:



, ,
, .

3.1 DSS1
, ,

ISDN , 
,
, . 

, 
DSS1,
3.4 .
.
ITUT 
1 (DSS1 Digital Subscriber Signaling 1) 
ISDN
D 
. (ITUT) D
:

5. ..

06 - Chap 3.p65

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66

a) 16 /,
;
) 64 /,
( 30) .
DSS1
7 ,
ITUT,
. 
, .. 

10 ,
.
, 
DSS1 7 
. . 3.1 ISDN, 7,
ISDN D 
. D 
7. D,
, (SU) 7.
, 5 (QSIG) 68 (V5), 
.

Q.931

Q.931

(a)

(a)

ISUP
()
MTP3

LAPD

LAPD

Q.921

Q.921

SU

2B+D
I.430

D

MTP2

2B+D
I.430


7

. 3.1 DSS1 ISUP:


(a)  DSS1 ()  7

DSS1 
( OSI) 
.
, , 
, , 7 1, 
:

06 - Chap 3.p65

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DSS1:

67


, 
;
,

. 

;
, 
. 

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, .
DSS1 
, .
1 ( ) DSS1 
D, , 
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S
B D;

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.
: B (64 / )
D (16 /)
B D 64 /.
2 , LAPD (link ac
cess protocol for Dchannels), D


NT. 2
,
2
D. ,
2
,
.

06 - Chap 3.p65

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68

2 . 


(SAPI) (TEI).
SAPI , 
3, 0 63. SAPI=0,
, , 
. SAPI 
.
TEI , 
. TEI 
0 126,
127 .
8 , 
. TEI=127
( 
).

: . 
3 
, 2
.

2 . ()
. 
, . ,

, 
.
.
3 ( ) 
:
, I.451
Q.931 ( ). SAPI=0,

, 
;
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.25 9 .
SAPI=16;
, .
SAPI 
.

06 - Chap 3.p65

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DSS1:

69

Q.931 ( 3) 

, ,
. 3
,
2 
. 

D ( )
D. .
. , 
, , , S.
U 
. ,
,

. G.960 
ISDN
(BRA), T 
V LE.
G.961 
U. ITUT
, G.961 
,
U, MMS43 (4B3T), 2B1Q, AMI, TCM (
) SU32 (3B2T).
G.961
, 
ETSI ANSI. NT1
, 
. 
U , , 

ISDN
ISDN
. ANSI
U T1.601, 
2B1Q.
NT1
, . ISDN
U 2B1Q,
43. ETR 080 
, ETSI

, 

06 - Chap 3.p65

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70

, 
. ,
U 
, , 

, , 
ETSI.
ETS300 297 ETSI
, ITUT G.960.
ETSI
ANSI U , 
.

I.431. , S T
NT2.
, 
, ,
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, 
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, 
2, 
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3.2 DSS1
1 ( )
I.430. 
2.2 (. 2.4), 1
192 / 
64 / D 
16 /.
48 / ,
, 
NT. 48 ,
250 . , ,
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.
,
, 
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INFO.
, INFO 0,  
, S

06 - Chap 3.p65

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DSS1:

71

, , 
. 
, S 
INFO 1 NT. INFO
1 NT INFO 2.
INFO 2 ,
(. 2.4), B D, 
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, 
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F , 
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INFO 3.
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[72], . 3.2, 
NT, SDL
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3 1 NT. 1 3 
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1 3 ,
30 .
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, .
2 NT , 
,
S
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INFO 0 .

06 - Chap 3.p65

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72

S1.3 
S1.4  NT

NT

NT

INFO 0

S2.1 

INFO 1
S2.2 

INFO 2

INFO 0

S1.5 

INFO 3

S1.6  TE
S1.7  TE

S2.3 

INFO 4
(a)

S1.3 

NT

INFO 0

S2.1 
S2.2 

INFO 2
S1.6  TE

INFO 3

S1.7  TE

INFO 4

S1.3 
1

()

. 3.2 S:
()  ; ()  NT

S1.7  TE
S1.6  TE

INFO 4

NT
S2.3 

INFO 3
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S2.4 
2

S1.3  TE

INFO 0
2

S2.1 

. 3.3 S

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FA, 1, ,
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.
, 

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SDL, 2 .

, 
,

( OSI). , SDL

06 - Chap 3.p65

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DSS1:

73

,
,
.
SDL , , 
. 

(SAP), .
, 
, . 3.4.
1

n+1


n+1

n+1

SAP
n

SAP

. 3.4 :


: RE
QUEST (), INDICATION (), RESPONSE ()
CONFIRM ().
REQUEST ,
n+1 
n n+1 
. n
n+1 IN
DICATION. RESPONSE n+1
INDICATION ,
, . , 
CONFIRM n+1 ,
.
, 
: [] [ ] [ 
].

06 - Chap 3.p65

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74

, 
,
. , ,

, PH,


MPH. ,
( ) . 
.
,
DSS1, . 3.5.
TE

NT2

PHAI PHDI
PHAI

PHAR

PHDI PHAR
MPHDR

MPHAI

MPHAI

MPHDI

1
1

MPHEI

MPHEI

MPHII

MPHII

INFO 0

INFO 0

INFO 2
INFO 4

PHAR 
PHAI 
PHDI 
MPHAI 
MPHDI 
MPHEI 
MPHII 
MPHDR 

MPHDI

INFO 1
S 

INFO 3

2 ;
2 ;
2 ;
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. ;
. ;
. ;
.

. 3.5 1 DSS1

. 3.5 2 PHAR 
PH (PHACTIVATION REQUEST) TE.
2 , 
. 3.2a. S
INDICATION:
2 

06 - Chap 3.p65

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DSS1:

75

. , PHAI
PH (PHACTIVATION INDICATION) 2 
S 
2 , 
S . 
MPHAI 
MPH (MPHACTIVATION INDICATION) 
, 1 
. PHDI PH (PHDEACTIVA
TION INDICATION) , 2
, 
S NT.
MPHII MPH (MPHINFORMATION INDICA
TION) , 

( ), MPHEI
MPH (MPHERROR INDICATION)
, 
. 

S MPHDR 
MPH (MPHDEACTIVATION REQUEST).
. 3.6 SDL 1
DSS1 TE. 8 S.
S1.1 . 
S, , NT.
, TE ,
S1.1 .
TE, , ,
1 S1.1, 
.
TE S1.2,
. , TE
S1.1.
NT TE INFO 2 INFO 4,
S1.6 S1.7, .
NT , INFO 0,
S1.3.
S1.3 , TE ,
INFO 0.

PHAR ,
INFO 2.

06 - Chap 3.p65

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76

S1.1

NT

INFO 0

S1.2

INFO 4

INFO 2

INFO 0

INFO 3

INFO 3

INFO 0

MPHII
MPHDI
PHI

S1.1

MPHII

MPHII

S1.7

S1.6

S1.3

. 3.6 SDL 1 DSS1 (1 3)

T3, 
INFO1 S1.4 
NT. 3 30 , 
, 1 ,
. INFO 2
INFO 4 NT INFO 1 
INFO 3. INFO 2, 1
S1.6, INFO 4,
S1.7.
S1.6 TE
INFO 3 NT,
INFO 2 . 
INFO 4 NT 
S1.7 PHAI , 
MPHAI MPHE1 
.

06 - Chap 3.p65

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DSS1:

INFO 0

MPHII

77

S1.3

NT

PHAR

INFO 2

INFO 4

INFO 3

INFO 3

PHAI
MPHAI

INFO 1

S1.1

S1.4

NT

T3

INFO 0

INFO 0

MPHII
MPHDI
PHDI

S1.6

S1.7

INFO 2

INFO 4

INFO 3

INFO 3

MPHDI
PHDI

3
3

MPHI
PHAI

S1.1

S1.3

T3

INFO 2

S1.6

S1.7

INFO 4

MPHII
MPHE1
PHI

INFO 0

MPHDI
PHDI

S1.3

S1.7

. 3.6 SDL 1 DSS1 (2 3)

06 - Chap 3.p65

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78

S1.7
NT

INFO 0

INFO 2

MPHII
MPHDI
PHDI

INFO 0

INFO 3

MPHDI
PHDI

MPHEI

S1.1

S1.3

S1.6

. 3.6 SDL 1 DSS1 (3 3)

S1.7 TE 
INFO 3 NT, NT, , 
INFO 4. 3 , S1.7
. D
S. NT,
INFO 4, TE
INFO 0, 
PHDI MPHDI. INFO 2 S1.7
MPHE11
S1.6
. , S1.7
,
SDL.
NT ,
,
. 

SDL (. 3.7).
S2.1 , 
INFO 0. 
PHAR . 
INFO 1,
. 3.2. NT 1,
INFO 2 S2.2.

06 - Chap 3.p65

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79


INFO 3, 1 NT,
1 S2.3.
S2.1

2 NT

INFO 0

PHAR

INFO 2

S2.2

INFO 3

MPHDR

T1

INFO 4

INFO 0

1
2

MPHI
PHAI

PHDI

S2.3

S2.4

INFO 0

MPHDR

T2

INFO 0

INFO 0

INFO 0

INFO 0

INFO 2

PHDI

MPHEI

S2.2

S2.4

S2.1

S2.2

. 3.7 SDL 1
DSS1 NT

06 - Chap 3.p65

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79

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80

S2.3 , NT 
INFO 4 , INFO 3 NT. 
MPHDR 
2, INFO 0, 
PHDI S2.4.
SDL .3.6,
TE , ,
. NT
 INFO
0 TE. S2.2
.
S2.4 ,
1 NT 
INFO 0.
INFO 0, 
NT S2.1. NT
PHAR, 
S2.2.

3.3 LAD
2 (LAD Link Access Procedure on the
Dchannel) , 
ITUT I.440 ( ) I.441 ( 
). Q Q.920
Q.921. LAPD 
,
 7.
3 
, 2. 
2 
. 
2 
HDLC (Highlevel DataLink Control procedures),

ISO 
: LAPB, LAPV5 . LAPD,
HDLC, , 
D, ,
.
,
, , 
, 
/ C/R. LAPD . 3.8.

06 - Chap 3.p65

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21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

2 (LAPD)
1

FCS

81

2 (LAPD)

3
10260

12

=1

SAPI

/R

=0

. 3.8

.
(0111 1110) , 7. 

,
. 
,  (bitstuffing),

, .
,
, .
( 2 3) . 3.8 
SAPI (Service Access Point Identifier) 
TEI (Terminal Equipment Identifier) 
. 
, , 
, .
SAPI 6 
, 

. , SAPI , 


. Q.921 SAPI,
. 3.1.
3.1 SAPI
SAPI
0
1
16
63

ISDN ( )
Q.931
.25
2

6. ..

06 - Chap 3.p65

81

21.07.2005, 15:54

82

TEI , 
. TEI=127 (1111111)
() 
, . (0
126) . 
1 (.3.2) , 
TEI ( TEI), ,
TEI ( 
TEI).
3.2 TEI
TEI
063
64126
127

TEI
TEI

( 
NT2) ISDN
PRI ETSI,
, TEI=0. TEI
.
/ C/R (Command/Response bit)
DSS1 X.25. 
LAPD 
. C/R (.3.3) 
. 
, ,
, 
. , 
.
3.3 C/R
K,

C/R=1
C/R=0

K
K

K,

C/R=0
C/R=1

EA (Extended address bit)


.
, 0, ,
. , 
1, ,
. . 3.8.

,
0, 
.

06 - Chap 3.p65

82

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

83

1, , . 
, , 
.
. 3.8 16
FCS (Frame check se
quence) , 
. , CB (
) 7 ( 10 1), 
LAPD . FSC
16 , 
( 2), : ) 
( 2) 
xk (x15+x14+...+x+1) (x16+x12+x5+1),
k
, , 
; )
( 2) 
x16 ,
,
, , 
. 
,
, ,
, FCS. LAPD
, ( 2) 
x16 , 
FCS, 0001110100001111 (
7439),
. 
,
. ,
, .

.
, :
(I), , 
(S), 
(U). . 3.4, 
, DSS1.
.
(I)
MSU 7 ( 10.2 ).
I 
. 

06 - Chap 3.p65

83

21.07.2005, 15:54

84

, 
. I 
, 1 ( 128) ,
. I 
.

.
3.4 LAPD

(I)



(S)

K
(RRreceive ready)

K
(RRreceive ready)

K
(RNR)

K
(RNR)

/
(REJreject)

/
(REJreject)

(UIunnumbered
information)




,

3



I

I



I


I

(Ddisconnected
mode)

(U)




(SABMEset
asynchronous balanced
mode extended)


(FRMRframe reject)

(DISCdisconnect)

06 - Chap 3.p65

84


(UAunnumbered ack) , ,
SABME, DISC

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

85

(S)
. S

LSSU 7 ( 10.2 ).
, I,
S (RNR).
I, S
(RR). S 
,
.
,
.
(U) 7.
(UI), 

. U

.
TE, S, 
UI TEI=127. U 
.
, 

3, , , 
, , ,
. ,
(,
, S). 
2 3 ,
.
P/F (poll/final) 
( . 3.4), 
.25. P 1, 
LAPD LAPD

. F=1 ,

P=1. 4
.
, 
2 DSS1,
:
.

06 - Chap 3.p65

85

21.07.2005, 15:54

86

.
, ,
. 

.

MSU 7.

[N(S)] [N(R)]. 
FSN, BSN MSU 7
( 10.2 ). LAPD 
N(S) 
, : N(S)=0, 1, 2, ... 127,
0, 1, ... .. 

.

(. 3.9).
, 
. N(S) ( 128)
, N(S) ,
,

. 
[N(R)], 
( 128), N(S)
.

LAPD

LAPD
I [N(S)=11]

[N(S)=12]
()
I [N(S)=13]

,
,

REJ [N(R)=12]

I [N(S)=12]

I [N(S)=13]

. 3.9

06 - Chap 3.p65

86

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

87

,
N(S)=11 N(S)=12
, LAPD
. N(S)=13 
, 

. (REJ) N(R)=12,

, N(S)=12.

,
N(S)=12.



D. D n
2n N(S)/N(R).
. S
U N(S). 
, , . 
N(R) 
.
UI
N(S), N(R), 
TEI=127,
, 
S, .

3.4 LAPD:
LAPD 
(. 3.9)
. 
k.
,

, . 
, N(R), 
N(S),
. , 
,
, N(S) (
I) N(R) ( 
I) , k. k 

06 - Chap 3.p65

87

21.07.2005, 15:54

88


: k=1 
BRA D 16 /, k=3
16 /, k=7
PRA D 64 /.
, 
, N(R),
, N(S). (REJ), 
N(R), I,
, N(R), , , 
, 
.
, .

(. 3.10). , 
3 
. 3 
,
DL_ESTABLISH. 2 

(SABME set asynchronous balanced mode
extended). SABME 1.
SABME 2 
, 
(, ,
). ,
2 3
, , 
. 2 
.
3 

, ,
.
I.
3 2
DL_DATA. 
I 
1. 2 I 
3 
.
I I,
.
, I .

06 - Chap 3.p65

88

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

89

LAPD

LAPD


3

3

3

3,
2

3

SAMBE

I
I " ",
" "
DISC ()

. 3.10

I
. 
. 

, 11, 12 13.
I, . 3.9, , 
DISC, DM,
. . 3.10 3
2 
DL_RELEASE, 2 , 
1 2 . 
2 3
,
. 
2
3
.

, 
. ,
3 
3 . 3 
2
DL_UNIT DATA. 2 
(UI unnumbered information),
, .
1 2

06 - Chap 3.p65

89

21.07.2005, 15:54

90

. () 
, TEI 
127. 
, .. , TEI 
0126, TEI, 
, , TEI=7. 
UI , 
, 2 3 
.
2 
. , 

3.

, :
RR, 
; RNR, ,
,
; REJ, 
, . . 3.11
[70], , , 
C/R, P F.

LAPD

LAPD
I [C/R=0, P=0, N(S), N(R)]
REJ [C/R=1, P=0, N(R)=M]
I [C/R=0, P=0, N(S)=M, N(R)]

(a)

I [C/R=0, P=0, N(R), N(S)]


REJ [C/R=1, P=1, N(R)=M]
RR RNR [C/R=1, F=1, N(R)]

()

I [C/R=0, P=0, N(S)=M, N(R)]


TL

RNR [C/R=1, P=0, N(R)]


RR RNR [C/R=0, P=1, N(R)]
RR [C/R=0, F=1, N(R)=M]

()

. 3.11

(a) 2 

REJ, P 0 (
). N(R) = ,
N(S) = 1. 

06 - Chap 3.p65

90

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

91


, , N(S) .
() , ,
REJ P = 1. 
. 
RR RNR (C/R=1, F=1), 
.
()
RNR, .

. RR 
, 
. , RR
, (C/R=1)
P=1. , 
, .
RR, , 
N(S) = 1.

, N(S) = . 
RNR,
RR.

,
.
LAPD TEI, 
, .
(. 3.12) TEI 
TEI , ,
.
TEI . () 

TEI. 
, 
.
, TEI. 

TE, , TE
. TE
TEI 063.
TEI , 
/ 1
(
TEI ),
(, BRI, 
), 

06 - Chap 3.p65

91

21.07.2005, 15:54

92

. TEI 
, TE
TEI ( 64126),
,
TEI. 
:
ID. TE, 
, TEI.
ID. ID. 
TEI.
ID. , ID.
 ID. 
TEI.
ID. TE 
ID.
ID. TE,
TEI.
UI c SAPI = 63. 
UI . 3.12. 1 ,
TEI.
4 (. 3.5). Ri (
) Ai ( ).
8

0
0
1
1

1
1

(Ri)

3

(Ai)

4
1

. 3.12 TEI

3.5

ID
ID
ID
ID
ID
ID
ID

06 - Chap 3.p65

92

0000 0001
0000 0010
0000 0011
0000 0100
0000 0101
0000 0110
0000 0111

Ri

Ai

065535
065535
065535

065535



127
64126
64127
0127
0126
0127
0126

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

93

,
TEI.
TEI 
, , 
TEI, 
.
. 3.13,a.
TE S, 
ID. TEI, 
, 
(Ri). TE 
TEI, TEI Ai,
TEI , Ai=127.

LAPD

LAPD
(Ri, Ai)
(Ri, Ai)

(Ri, Ai)

(a)

(Ri, Ai)
(Ri, Ai)

()

. 3.13 TEI:
(a)  TEI; ()  TEI


TEI 64126. 
S ID 
. TEI, S
ID
, Ri 
ID, TEI Ai.
TE, S, ,
TE, , Ri 
TEI. TE,
S, 
ID .
ID  , 
TEI 
,  , TEI 64126 
, S 

06 - Chap 3.p65

93

21.07.2005, 15:54

94

ID, Ri 
. TE
, TEI .
TEI 
TEI,
(.3.13,). 
ID, Ai 
TEI, Ri .
200 .
TE, TEI, Ai, 
ID, 
Ri Ai.

ID,
TE TEI. ,
, ID 
. , 
, TEI ,
TEI, ,
.
ID,
, TEI
TE. 
ID Ai TEI. 
, TEI Ai,
TEI.
, TEI , 
. ,
, TEI,
.
.

06 - Chap 3.p65

94

21.07.2005, 15:54

4
DSS1:

, .
, , .

4.1 Q.931
DSS1 ( 3) ,
, 
, ISDN 
,
, .. , 
ISDN. 
3, 
,

. 3, 
, 
2,
( , ) 
DL. 3, 
, 2 
DLDATAREQUEST ( DLUNITDATAREQUEST) 
, 
1. 2 

(.. ) 3 
DLDATAINDICATION ( DLUNITDATAINDICATION).

07 - Chap 4.p65

95

21.07.2005, 15:54

96

3 :
;
( ) 
, ,
,
;
, 
;

;
3,
, 2, ;
, 
.
3 DSS1 
,
.
3
, 
. 

4.3.
3, , ,
.

4.2
3 DSS1 
,
, 
.
, 
DSS1.
,
. 4.1. ,
1 1.
3
: ,
. , 
/
.

07 - Chap 4.p65

96

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

97

1
1


( )



( )

. 4.1 3 DSS1


(PD protocol discriminator).
DSS1, 
( 
), ,
. , 2 3 ,

. 
ISDN , 
, Q.931, ATM
Frame relay. 
. , ,
ISDN 
, 
00001000.
(CR call reference)
, 
, .
, 
, 
2. ,

,
.

. 4.2. 
, . 
1 127,
71 2.
0 2151,
.

7. ..

07 - Chap 4.p65

97

21.07.2005, 15:54

98

, 
.
, .
, , 
.
,
2 .
, :
(0) (1). (
, , ,
2.)
8

0/1



( )

. 4.2 " "

(MT mes
sage type) , ,
(, SETUP, DISCONNECT
..). ,

. . 4.1
[Q.931],
. 
:
, 
. , , SETUP,
( ) 
;
, .
, , USER INFORMATION, 
/
;
( ). 
, , DISCONNECT, 
( ),
, ;
, , INFORMATION,


;

07 - Chap 4.p65

98

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

99

00000000,
, 
, .
4.1 Q.931



()



8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

ALERT
CALPRC
CONN
CONACK
PROG
SETUP
SETACK
DISC
INFO
RLSE
RLCOM

7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

5 4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
1 1
0 1
1 1

6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

3
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0

2
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1

1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0

:
.
.
1 . 4.3. 1 8 ,
, 57 
. 14
.
8
1

. 4.3 : 1

2 . 4.4. 1 8 
, 
. ,
.
8
1

. 4.4 : 2

. 4.5 
. 8 0,


07 - Chap 4.p65

99

21.07.2005, 15:54

100

.
. 
, 
, 
.
8


( )

. 4.5


DSS1.
(bear
er capability) , 
.

. , 

, , 


, , 
.

:
, , , 3.1 , 7 ;
;
(64 /, 384 /);
;
, 1 (
, ..);
.

. 4.6.
(coding standard)

, 

07 - Chap 4.p65

100

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

101

. : 00 ITUT; 01
IOS/IEC 10 ; 11 
. (information transfer ca
pability) : 00000 ;
01000 ; 01001 
; 10000 3.1 .
8

1
Ext

0/1
Ext

0
1

1

5a

0/1
Ext

1
Ext

1
0

. 4.6 " "

(transfer mode)
: 10 ; 00 .
(information transfer rate)
, , : 00000 ; 10000
64 /; 10011 384 /c.
, 1
(user information layer 1 protocol) , , 
: 00001 V.110
X.30 ITUT; 00010 ; 00011
.
(user rate) , 
00001. , , 
56 / 01111. /
: 0 ; 1 
.
: 0 ; 1
.
(alled and call
ing party numbers). 
(, , )
.
, ITU
E.164 E.163. , 
X.121 ( , ),
F.69 ( ) 
.

07 - Chap 4.p65

101

21.07.2005, 15:54

102

: 001 
; 010 ; 100 (
) ; 011 ().
: 0001
ISDN/ . 

5 .

(. 4.7) , , 
(00 [ ] 
; 01 ) 
[ ] (00 ,
, 01 , ,10
, , 11 ). 
, 
, 
(,
) .
8

0/1
Ext

1
Ext

3a

0
0

. 4.7

(hannel iden
tification) , 
(. 4.8). 
: ) BRI PRI, ) 
D, ) 
1 2, ) 
H0, H10, H11 ..
8

0
0

1
Ext


 


1
Ext

 
0



 D

3.2
3.3

. 4.8 " "

07 - Chap 4.p65

102

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

103


.
: 0 1 . 
: 0 
, 1 .
 
: 01 1, 10 2, 11 . 
: 00 , 01
ISO, 10 .
 . /
B : 0
; 1 
.
(display) 
ASCII/IA5,
.
(high
layer compatibility) 

( OSI). 
/ 
. 
(teleservice),
, 
X.400 .
. 4.9. 
: 0000001 ; 0000100
2/3 ; 0110001 ;
0110101 .
8
1
Ext
0/1
Ext

. 4.9
" "

(keypad facility) 
ASCII/IA5,
. , 

INFORMATION. 
INFORMATION display
signal. 

07 - Chap 4.p65

103

21.07.2005, 15:54

104

. , 
,
.
(low
layer compatibility) , 
, 

, ( 
).
(call state)

, ,
.
(cause) 

.
 (progress indicator) 

, 
, , (
, , 
).  . 4.10.
8

1
Ext
1
Ext

5
0


. 4.10 ""


: 0000001 ISDN;
0000010 ISDN; 0000011
ISDN; 0001000 
 .
(more data)
USER INFORMATION ,
USER INFOR
MATION. .
. 

. 
, 128 
. ,
,

07 - Chap 4.p65

104

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

105

: 3 1 7 2. 
, ,
, 8 .
, 136 
, 133, .. 
. 133 
.
,
,
. 

.
.4.11 [98]. 
0, 
1101100, 
. , 1101100, 
( 5 . 4.11)
. 
1101100 
, . 

.
0

1101100

1101100

. 4.11


, , , 
, , 
.
, .
DSS1 . 
0 . 
 
, 
(, 5), 
1, 
shift (), . 4.12. 8

07 - Chap 4.p65

105

21.07.2005, 15:54

106

1 .
57
001 
, 
13.
8

. 4.12

4 ,
( )
(
). 

. 


,
0.
ITUT 0
. 5
, 
,
.
6 , 7 
, 
, .

,

. , 
, 

, , 

, 
.

, 
,
. 
, 
, 
.

07 - Chap 4.p65

106

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

107

, 
, 
, .


, ,


.
,
. 4.1. .
4.2, 3
DSS1.
Q.931 .

TE, 
.
4.2

ALERTING
CALL PROCEEDING
CONNECT
CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE
PROGRESS
SETUP
SETUP ACKNOWLEDGE
DISCONNECT
RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE
RESTART
RESTART ACKNOWLEDGE
RESUME
RESUME ACKNOWLEDGE

RESUME REJECT

SUSPEND

SUSPEND ACKNOWLEDGE

07 - Chap 4.p65

SUSPEND REJECT
USER INFORMATON
ONGESTION CONTROL
FACILITY
INFORMATION
STATUS
STATUS ENQUIRY
NOTIFY

107



()



21.07.2005, 15:54

108


. 
TE, ,
. , 
TE 
. 
Q.931

.
ALERTING. , 

. .
CALL_PROCEEDING. ,

. SETUP 
, , ,
,
.
ONNECT. , 

. , 
,
. 
ANSWER ISUP 7. . 4.3
CONNECT ( 
, ).
CONNECT_ACKNOWLEDGE. 
CONNECT.
4.3 CONNECT


/

()

24
282

2131

07 - Chap 4.p65

108


, 
. ,
CONNECT
SETUP
K SETUP
K SETUP

"",

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

109

ONGESTION_CONTROL. 
USER_INFORMATION.
DISCONNECT. , 
 ( ) .
, , 
. 
. 4.4.
4.4 DISCONNECT

/

()
1
2

(cause)

432

(display)

282

2131

1


( )
K SETUP

""

,


FACILITY. 
.
INFORMATION. 
, . 
, , 

TE 
(a, ..). 
, 
, 
(overlap).
NOTIFY.
, 
.
RELEASE. , 
DISCONNECT.
, , ,
, . 
,
. RELEASE 
,
, .

07 - Chap 4.p65

109

21.07.2005, 15:54

110

RELEASE_COMPLETE. , 
RELEASE, , ,
, , 
, .
RELEASE RELEASE_COMPLETE , , 
, 
.
RESTART. ,
()
(), 
.
RESTART_ACKNOWLEDGE.
RESTART.
RESUME.
, SUSPEND.
RESUME_ACKNOWLEDGE. 
RESUME 
.
RESUME_REJECT. ,
.
SETUP. SETUP
. 

, Q.931. 
(IAM) ISUP 
7 ( 10 1). 
SETUP 
,

. , ,
, 
, 
.
SETUP . 4.5. , 
,
, . 


,
DSS1 , , , 

. ,

07 - Chap 4.p65

110

21.07.2005, 15:54

DSS1:

111


.
4.5 SETUP

.

()

413


(channel identification)


(progress indicator)

24

(display)

282

2131

216

24



(protocol discriminator)

(call reference)

(message type)

(bearer capability)

(calling party number)


(called party number)




(useruser)


(low layer compatibility)


(high layer compatibility)


, 


,
.
""



,


"
"



SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE. 
. ,
,
.
SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE 
INFORMATION.
STATUS.
STATUS_ENQUIRY.
, , 
.

07 - Chap 4.p65

111

21.07.2005, 15:54

112

STATUS_ENQUIRY. ,

. 
,

,
,

STATUS_ENQUIRY STATUS .
SUSPEND, SUSPEND_ACKNOWLEDGE SUSPEND_REJECT.
. SUS
PEND , 
. SUSPEND_ACKNOWLEDGE
SUSPEND; 
.
SUSPEND_REJECT SUSPEND,
, .
USER_INFORMATION.
INFORMATION, , 
. 
, INFORMATION.

4.3

, 
( 
) 2. 3,
Q.931 3 2
DLDATAREQUEST DLDATAINDICATION, 
I.
, 

. ,
,
, . 
,

, . 
, 
(enbloc) 
(overlap) .
. 4.13
Q.931. 
( ) ( 
).

07 - Chap 4.p65

112

21.07.2005, 15:54

8. ..

07 - Chap 4.p65

113

21.07.2005, 15:54

T305 (30 c)

Onhook

T301 (3 )

Ringback

T310 (10 c)

T304 (15 c)

Dial number

T304 (15 c)

Dial number

Dialtone

T303 (4 c)

Offhook

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

INFO (called party num.)

INFO (called party num.)

SETUP ACK (chan.id)

SETUP (bcap)

Calling subscriber
loop

T308 (4 c)

T305 (30 c)

T304 (15 c)

T302 (1015 c)

T302 (1015 c)

T302 (1015 c)

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

CONNECT

ALERTING

SETUP (bcap, chan.id)

Called subscriber
loop
2

Ringing

Onhook

Busy tone

T313 (4 c)

Offhook, Answer

. 4.13 .

114

, , , 
 SETUP
. SETUP 
, 
,
.
00000 (),
00 ( ),
10000 ( 64 /). 
 SETUP, B
. , 
, A 
SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE, B
, .
SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE 
, 
. 
SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE 
, 
, A,
B.
INFORMATION, 
, 
. 
A
CALL_PROCEEDING
.
(overlap).
, 
/ 
,
SETUP. 
SETUP
CALL_PROCEEDING. 
(enbloc).

, ,
. 
, D SETUP. 
.
SETUP , 
, , 
. 
, ,  
RELEASE_COMPLETE

07 - Chap 4.p65

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DSS1:

115

, .
, 
.
SETUP, ,
, 
. , 
.
,

SETUP, CALL_PROCEEDING, CON
NECT ALERTING.

. 
(, 
).
, , ,
.
.
SETUP 
ALERTING, ,
. 
() , 

. 
, ALERTING
. 
, , 
, CON
NECT. CONNECT 

.
CONNECT 
CONNECT_ACKNOWLEDGE.

, 
. 
ALERTING . 
SETUP 
CONNECT
CALL_PROCEEDING.
, 
. 
.
DISCONNECT , A 

07 - Chap 4.p65

115

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116

B
. 
RELEASE , B 

. 

RELEASE_COMPLETE.

A 
. RELEASE,
RELEASE_COMPLETE A.
, , 

.

. 4.13 :
302 
.
SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE, 
INFORMATION; 
, 
( CALL_PROCEEDING,
ALERTING CONNECT); 302=15 ;
303 SETUP ALERT,
CONNECT, CALL_PROCEEDING, SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE
RELEASE_COMPLETE; 303=4 ;
304 SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE
INFORMATION (
)
ALERT, CONNECT CALL_PROCEEDING; 304=15 ;
305 DISCONNECT
RELEASE DISCONNECT; 305=30 ;
308 RELEASE
RELEASE_COMPLETE RELEASE;308=4 ;
T310
CALL_PROCEEDING ALERT, CON
NECT, PROGRESS DISCONNECT; 310 > 40 ;
313
CONNECT CONNECT_ACKNOWLEDGE;
313=4 .
,
, 

07 - Chap 4.p65

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DSS1:

117

. 4.13. , , 
, SETUP
.
, SETUP. 
, 
SETUP , 
RELEASE_COMPLETE 
, 
. 
, 
CALL_PROCEEDING,
ALERTING / CONNECT,
.
.
,
CONNECT, . 

CONNECT_ACKNOWLEDGE, , 
. , 
SETUP, RE
LEASE. , , 
, 
, ALERTING
. , 
CONNECT,
CONNECT_ACKNOWLEDGE , 

RELEASE.
DSS1 
,
. , , .
,
.

. , , , 
.
, 
RESTART. RESTART 
() 
RESTART_ACKNOWLEDGE.
RESTART_ACKNOWLEDGE, , 
() .

. 

07 - Chap 4.p65

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118

() , 
, 
. 
, 
, .

SUSPEND. , 
,
. 
,
SUSPEND_ACKNOWLEDGE.
, RESUME, 

.
RESUME_ACKNOWLEDGE,

NOTIFY.
.

, 
. , 
, STATUS 
, , 
.

4.4

,
DSS1 .
DSS1
.

. 

.

,
() . 
SETUP
, 
, 
.
, 
.

07 - Chap 4.p65

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DSS1:

119


, , , .
,
D. B,
, 
, 
: ;
ALERTING 
; 
SETUP ,
, 
2 3 .25.2 .25.3.
D, 

2 (SAPI=16), 
I. , D
1 2 OSI, 3 
(.25.3).

4.5


, .

( 1),
ALERTING CONNECT ( 2),
( 3). 
ISUP 7 ( 10.3 ).
1 
, ,
SETUP, . 

. , 
( 
Q.931), 
: 00000000 , 
; 00000100 
5 ITUT.
1
. 
SETUP,
.
facility ( 

07 - Chap 4.p65

119

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120

). 

. 
SETUP , 
ALERTING CONNECT, 
. 
1
.
1 
SETUP 
, facility
. 

.
, . 

ALERTING, CONNECT.
CONNECT. 
1 
.
2 . 

ALERTING CONNECT. 
SETUP, , 
facility
2.
ALERTING,

.
USER_INFORMATION. 

.
1 2 
128 
.
3 
, / .

facility ( 3) SETUP. 
/
, 
USER_INFORMATION.
3 
/ SETUP,

07 - Chap 4.p65

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DSS1:

121

FACILITY 
3. 
FACILITY, 
USER_INFORMATION.

4.6
DSS1,
ISDN, ITUT,
ITUT .


. :
(DDI),
(MSN),

(CLIP/CLIR),

(COLP/COLR),

(CW),
(SUB).

. 
:
, 
.

, , 
 ,
. 
, 
. 

,
, 
, ,
.
, 
,

.

07 - Chap 4.p65

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122

.

. 
 
, , ,
.

keypad facility. 
, keypad facility
SETUP ( ) 
INFORMATION. 
,
INFORMATION.
display 
CALL_PROCEEDING ( )
INFORMATION. 
,
, / INFORMA
TION. 
keypad facility IN
FORMATION.
, 
, . 

, , 
.
,
.

, .

(feature activation), 
SETUP, INFORMATION.

(feature indication), 
SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE, INFORMATION DISCONNECT. 


display. 
, 
.
, .

,

07 - Chap 4.p65

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DSS1:

123


, 
, 
,
. () ,
,
, 
(
stimulus protocols).

. 
: 
. 
, 


.

, , ,
,
, , ,
,
, 
.
HOLD () RETRIEVE (
),
: HOLD, HOLD_ACKNOWLEDGE, HOLD_REJECT,
RETRIEVE, RETRIEVE_ACKNOWLEDGE RETRIEVE_REJECT.
HOLD 
, . , 
, HOLD, 
, ,
, HOLD_ACKNOWLEDGE.

, RETRIEVE
, . 
 
RETRIEVE_ACKNOWLEDGE. ,
 
.

,

 . , 

07 - Chap 4.p65

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124

, 
facility. 
, ,

. 
facility
, 
. , ,
facility FACIL
ITY SETUP. , 

REGISTER, FACILITY ,
.
, 

. , ISDN 
( ).
ETSI ,
.
(
CFU, 
CFB, CFNR 
CD).

,
(AOCD, AOCS AOCE,
).
(ECT)
,
, , 
, . 
:
/ 
.
(
CCBS)

.


(CONF),  (3PTY),
(MCID).

(UUS) .

07 - Chap 4.p65

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DSS1:

125

4.7
, DSS1,

. 
.
Q.921 Q.931
ETSI 
ETS 300 125 ETS 300 102, 
DSS1 ( 2 3, 
), EuroISDN EDSS1.

ITUT. , ETS
300102 
. ,
ISDN
DSS1
, , 
. 
, , 
Q.931, , re
peat indicator, feature activation/indication, 
D, 
. ,

(channel identification) (call reference),
5,
, . 
ISDN .25
ETSI ETS 300 007,
.25 9 .
ISDN,
ETSI. 

ISDN
ISDN 
37 
. 
DSS1 
, . 


,
, 
..

07 - Chap 4.p65

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126


.
, , 


,
.

07 - Chap 4.p65

126

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5
QSIG
Quidquid alteri simile est, necesse est minus eo quod imitatur, .
,  , , .
.. .

5.1 QSIG
1988 , 
, 
,

. ITUT
ISDN ( 1988 ) 
, QSIG.
QSIG
. 

DSS1, QSIG  

. , 
,
DSS1.
QSIG 
1990 ,
(European Communitys Official Journal),
.

(ECMA), ,
CEPT, , SI, 
( )
SI, CENELEC ECMA QSIG.

(), , 

08 - Chap 5.p65

127

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128


(), 
(tie lines). 
(
, , 
)
(. 5.1).

,

, 
, 
, . 
QSIG, 
, ,
, 

 .
QSIG  ,
Q. PSS1Private
Integrated Signalling System Number 1 (
1) 
DSS1. Q,
ENV41004, ,
(.
5.1, 5.2).
QSIG 

(MoU), 1 1994

ETS 300 011, 
ETS 300 172, ETS 300 239 
QSIG , 
.
QSIG
, .
, 
, QSIG. QSIG
Q,
, :
2/4 , ,
,
,
(VPN), 
.

08 - Chap 5.p65

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08 - Chap 5.p65

129

9. ..

21.07.2005, 15:54

. 5.1

ISDN

QSIG
129

130

47

, o
ROSE ( )
ACSE ( )

ES 300 237/238, ETS 300 256/257, ES 300 266/267 


QSIG
3

ETS 300 239  QSIG


ETS 300 171/172  QSIG

ETS 300 402


ISDN
ETS 300 011
I.430


ISDN
ETS 300 012
I.431

. 5.2 QSIG Q

QSIG DSS1,
, .
QSIG DSS1 
, ISDN 
.
3 QSIG DSS1 .
DSS1, QSIG
,
.
DSS1
QSIG . , 
DSS1 , QSIG 
,
 :
, ,
,
, , , 
,  .. 
, ,
QSIG
. 
(QSIGGF),
, 
.

08 - Chap 5.p65

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QSIG

131

QSIG 
. IPNS
QSIG
, 
, , 
QSIG 
VPN, , 
QSIG 
, QSIG
BNNI .
QSIG, 
,
, .

5.2
DSS1, QSIG ,

, .. . 3
QSIG : QSIGBC QSIGGF.
QSIGBC (Basic Call)
, .. 
. 
, ,
.
, 
, , , , 
.. QSIGBC ETS 300 172.
QSIGGF (Generic Functional),
, 

.


QSIGGF (

), 
.

: 
facility
, , 
, FACILITY QSIGGF.

08 - Chap 5.p65

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132

OSI
, 
(ROSE Remote Operation Ser
vice Elements), (ACSE
Association Control Service Elements) 
(DSE Dialogue Service Elements), 
(oordination function). , , ,
ROSE ACSE TCAP ( 10 1)
DSS1 ( 4 2). ROSE 
ITUT .219, ACSE .217. 
DSE,
QSIGGF.
7, 

: (, , 
) 
. 3 QSIGGF 
GFTControl (.5.3).
DSS1 QSIGGF 
,

(ANF).
QSIG 
, 7 
TUP, ISUP.
. 5.3 
QSIG:
SCM 2 1.
QSIG 
, SCM
.
2 HDLC.


ISDN ( ITUT Q.920/Q.921).
(protocol control)
Q.931 
, , , 

(, ,
). 
,

. 
Q.931, , 

08 - Chap 5.p65

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QSIG

133

, 
. , Q.931 

,
, 
.

,
D 
. QSIG 
, 
. 
, 
1 N.
SSC

ROSE

SSC

ROSE

47

DSE

DSE

GFTcontrol


(protocol control)

SCM

GFTcontrol

Protocol
control

Protocol
control

SCM

SCM

ACSE

ACSE

GFTcontrol


(protocol control)

SCM

. 5.3 (QSIGGF)

, 
QSIGBC DSS1 ( SCM 2, 
) 95% (
).
QSIGGF 
, . 5.3.
, QSIGGF 
GFTControl, , QSIGBC
.

, . GFTControl DSE 

08 - Chap 5.p65

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134

DSS1,
Q.932. . 
, 
(protocol control) 
facility
. , DSE GFTControl 
Q.932,
. , 
. 

QSIG DSS1.
QSIG DSS1,
, , ,
. 

3 QSIG
, 
, . 3 QSIG
(. 
4.3):
(protocol discriminator). 
, 
, , 
, 2. 

.12.2 ETS 300 172.
(call reference). 
( 
/ ),
. 
.12.3 
ETS 300 172. ,
0 , ,
1 .
, QSIG
DSS1, 
1 2 ( ) 
. 
. 
0. , 
, ,
, 
2.
(message type).
, ,
. 

08 - Chap 5.p65

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QSIG

135

.12.4
ETS 300 172.
, . 5.1,
0 
DSS1. 
, 
DSS1 QSIG , 
,
QSIG . ,
QSIG . 
, QSIG 
Progressindicator ALERTING, PROGRESS
CONNECT, DSS1 DISCONNECT
SETUP ACKNOWLEDGE. 

ISDN 
.
5.1 QSIG

1
Shift
Sending complete

Segmented message
Bearer capability
Cause
Call state
Channel identification
Progress indicator
Connected number
Connected subaddress
Calling party number
Calling party subaddress
Called party number
Called party subaddress
Restart indicator
Low layer compatibility
High layer compatibility


ETS 300 172
12.5.3
12.5.20
12.5.19
12.5.5
12.5.11
12.5.6
12.5.12
12.5.17
12.5.13
12.5.14
12.5.9
12.5.10
12.5.7
12.5.8
12.5.18
12.5.16
12.5.15

, QSIG 
, DSS1, 
5:
(Transit counter). 
,
. 1

08 - Chap 5.p65

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136

.
0 31. 
. 12.6.2. ETS 300 172;
(Party category).
, 
, . 
,
.
: , , (
) , .
. 12.6.1 ETS 300 172.
QSIG 
, 4,
.
ALERTING.
. 11.2.1 ETS 300 172.
SETUP. 
. 11.2.10 ETS 300 172.
CALL_PROCEEDING. 
. 11.2.2 ETS 300 172.
ONNECT. 
. 11.2.3 ETS 300 172.
CONNECT_ACKNOWLEDGE. 
. 11.2.4 ETS 300 172.
PROGRESS. 
. 11.2.7 ETS 300 172.
SETUP_ACKNOWLEDGE. 
. 11.2.11 ETS 300 172.
: DIS
CONNECT,
. 11.2.5 ETS 300 172; RELEASE
. 11.2.8 ETS 300 172; RELEASE_COMPLETE, 
. 11.2.9 ETS
300 172.
RE
START RESTART_ACKNOWELEDGE, . 11.3.1
11.3.2 ETS 300 172.

SEGMENT; INFORMATION; STATUS; STATUS_ENQUIRY.

(. 5.4, 5.5).
DSS1, . 4.13, 
.

08 - Chap 5.p65

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08 - Chap 5.p65

137

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

21.07.2005, 15:54

SETUP

ISDN

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

. 5.4 .

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

SETUP

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

SETUP

S
Q

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

CONNECT

ALERTING

SETUP

QSIG
137

08 - Chap 5.p65

138

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

21.07.2005, 15:54

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

INFO

INFO

INFO

SETUP ACK

SETUP

ISDN

SETUP

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

CONNECT

ALERTING

. 5.5 .

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT ACK

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

INFO

INFO

INFO

SETUP ACK

SETUP

CONNECT

INFO

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

INFO

INFO

INFO

INFO

INFO

SETUP ACK

SETUP

138
5

QSIG

139

. 5.4 5.5
, , 
T310
: 110 120 QSIG, 10 DSS1 (Q.931), 40
EDSS1 (ETS 300 1021).

5.3 QSIG
ISDN, QSIG 

, . QSIG
, 

, 
.
QSIG Q, 
,
. , 
, 

/ 
. ITUT I.130
,

.
1
. 
, .
2 
, 
, 1, 
, 
.
, 3
QSIG Q. 
, ,
, 
.
, QSIG
,
. ISDN 
, QSIG,
, 

08 - Chap 5.p65

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140


. , ,

. 
,
(ANF).
QSIG 
:
.
ANF, QSIG 
.
C (UUS). 

. 
:
;
;
.
(CI). 
, 
. 

, 
. 

CI.
(DND).
, , QSIG. 
,
, , 
(DNDO),
. , 
DND,
DNDO. ,
, DNDO, 
.
. 
. 
(BS). ,
, , 
,
. 
(NR). , 

08 - Chap 5.p65

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QSIG

141

, , 
, , 
, .

.
(PR) ANF
QSIG
, , .
(SN) 
,
( QSIG ISDN ) QSIG.
(CTM). 

QSIG, .
(AOC). 
. 
:
, ;
,
; , 
. ,
ISDN .
, 
ISDN 
. ,
QSIG , , 
, .
. 
,
, . 
:
CD . , 
,
. 

,
;
CFB .
, , 
, ;
CFNR . 
, 
;

08 - Chap 5.p65

141

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142

CFU .
.
,

, . , 

,
.
(CINT). 
, 
( )
. 
(, ,
..).
(RE).
CCBS, , .
(SUB) 

, , 
, , . 
/ ISDN .
(CO).
, 

: , 
( ) .
(DDI).
ISDN , 
, QSIG ISDN DDI
, 
QSIG. DDI ISDN 
QSIG 
.
(CW). 
, , 
.
. , 
,
. :
CLIP 
. 
, , ;

08 - Chap 5.p65

142

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QSIG

143

CLIR .

; LIP.
CLIR 
,  . 
,
, 
, 
;
COLP 
. 
, , ;
COLR ;
CNIP 
;
CNIR ;
CONP 
;
CONR .
CNIP CONP , CLIP
COLP. , NIP CONP
, ( 
CNIR/CLIR CONR/COLR).
, QSIG,
ISDN 
; , ISDN 
, QSIG 
, ISDN 
CLIR. , 
ISDN , QSIG
, ISDN 
COLR.
. QSIG 
,
. 
, 
, , , 
.

5.4 DPNSS
(, , 
) 

08 - Chap 5.p65

143

21.07.2005, 15:54

144

QSIG, 1980 .
, 7
, . ,
 TUP
, 
 .
, ,
,
, , 
, DPNSS. ,
DPNSS 
, . 1985
, ITUT, EPT
ISDN 
. DPNSS
,

, 
ITUT ISDN.
DPNSS QSIG. 1990 .
Alcatel, Siemens, GPT, SAT Telenorma 
ISDN (IPNS) QSIG
DPNSS. 
IPNS : Alcatel, Ascom, AT&T,
Bosch Telecom, Ericsson, GPT, Italtel, MatraCom, Nortel, Philips Sie
mens. 
ECMA.
, DPNSS ,
,

. 
, CornetN (Siemens) ABC
(Alcatel), 
, DPNSS.
DPNSS British Telecom, GPT Mi
tel 
. 
. 
, 
40 . 
. 
IPNS
DPNSS .
DPNSS QSIG 
ISDN.

08 - Chap 5.p65

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QSIG

145

DPNSS .
1 DPNSS
1, ,
, 
9.6 /.
APNSS. 
.
2 DPNSS
, .. 
, , 
QSIG ,

.
3 DPNSS ,
40 
. , 

, 
.

10. ..

08 - Chap 5.p65

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08 - Chap 5.p65

146

21.07.2005, 15:54

V5
.
.

6.1


, . 

. 

(WLL), 


. (
, 
, ,

):
. 
, 
3,1 ,
, 
, , [72] 
.

, .
, 

09 - Chap 6.p65

147

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148

, ,
:
( , , 
, .);
( , ,
, .);
( , 
.).
, ,
: 
, 
, 
,
.. ,
:
( , .);
 ;
(WLL Wireless Local Loop).

. . . 
[49],
.



.

2048 / . 


. 

, , WLL,
,
.

V5,
. . 6.1, V5 

, , 
, . 
(, WLL)

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

149


, 
7 , .
DSS1,
3 4
ISDN 
.


.
.

ISDN

(WLL)
Q3

ET

ET

ET

ET

V5.1

ET


(WLL)Q3

V5.2
n
2/
n
16

ET
ET
ET

ET

ET
Q3

(WLL)Q3

2, "2 6" ( 1)
7, ISUPR ( 1)

Q3

Q3
TMN

. 6.1 (, WLL)

, 
, 
I.411, V,

.
V . 6.2,
Q.512.
4 [49],
V 

09 - Chap 6.p65

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150

ITUT ETSI. 
, V1 
ISDN
2B+D, V2, V3, V4 V5 
2048 /, 
G.703, G.704.
V1

2+D
G.961

ET

[I.411]
V2

V2
2048 /
G.703, G.704

ET

V3
30+D
G.703, G.704

ET

V4

ET

ITUT
n

V5
G.964, G.965

ET

2B+D
30B+D


. 6.2 V


. , V2 
; ,
. V3 

ISDN 30B+D, V4 

09 - Chap 6.p65

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21.07.2005, 15:54

V5

151

Q.512
V5.

, 
.
V5
1991 ETSI.
V5 1993 , 1995 ITU
V5.1 ( ) V5.2 ( 
). 
.
1997 . V5.1
2048 / 30
B
(.6.1) . V5.2 
16 2048 / 
, , 8.
.

V5.1 V5.2. , 
, ,
V5 8,
V5.2.

6.2 V5:
, V5

, 
.
V5 

(. 6.3),
(AN access network).
. 6.3 .
V5.
,

2048 /,
2048 /.

, ,
. ,

09 - Chap 6.p65

151

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152

V5, , 
.
,
, V5, 
.
(on

ISDN
(rDS )

(AN)

(LE)

D ISDN


*
*

*

* V5.2.

. 6.3 V5

demand services), 
ISDN.
, 
DTMF 
. 
,
DTMF
.
.
ISDN NT, 
, , 
G.960 G.961.
  

09 - Chap 6.p65

152

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V5

153

,  D
.
,
, 
.
(
) (permanent leased line). 
,
, , V5.

(semipermanent leased line),
. V5

B ISDN, 
.
, V5
, 
ISDN.
.
, V5
, 
.
, 
, , 

, V5. 
,
V5, , . 
, , 
ISDN.
6.1 ,

ISDN

ISDN





, V5
: V5.1 V5.2 (. 6.2). V5.1 
2048 /. V5.2

09 - Chap 6.p65

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21.07.2005, 15:54

154

( ). 
V5.1, V5.2 
. 2048
/ ( ) 32
, 0 
(. .3.1 3 ). V5.1 
30 ( 15
ISDN), V5.2 
( 1000
ISDN). ISDN 
V5.

6.2 V5.1 V5.2


V5.1
1
(30 )

.
1

ISDN

V5.2
16
2048 K/

.

ISDN




(Protection protocol)


(Link Control protocol)
(2048 K/)


6.3
V5 .
ISDN, 
7 
8 (, 
, 
). 
V5.1 V5.2,
V5.2 (.6.4).
Q.921 ISDN 
, D,
2 V5. D 
ISDN 
(s), 
(f) 

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

155

(p). p f 
.

ETS 300 125, Q.920, Q.921

,
ETS 300 125, Q.920, Q.921

D 16/64

LAPV5DL

LAPV5DL

LAPV5EF

LAPV5EF

D 16/64

64

64

(LE)

(AN)

ISDNTE

ANFR

V5.2

. 6.4 V5.2


V5 .
, V5.2 :
 D ISDN SAPI=16;
f D ISDN SAPI= 3264;
Ds D ISDN (SAPI
);
;
;
;

();
.
, V5 
, . 
V5.2, , 

,

09 - Chap 6.p65

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156

, . 64 /
V5, 
, .
 
, ,
16 . 
, , f Ds 
a ISDN, 
. 
, f Ds
. 
ISDN 
V5,
V5 .
ISDN 
 V5. 

, ,  D ISDN
,
, ,
,
D ISDN. 
 f
, .
V5.1  
ISDN (Cs)
, 
 ISDN,
p ISDN ( ) f ISDN ( 
), . 
,
16, 
.  
, 16 15. 
p ISDN.
s ISDN :
16 15.  
, 16, 15 31. 
16. 
, ,
,  ISDN.
f p ISDN.
s ISDN
, 16, 15 31. 
.

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

157

V5.2 , 
, 
. V5.2 
,
 
, 
,
.
V5.2
C,

. V5.2

, , ,
. 
 . 
 1 2.
1  
, 16 
, V5.2. 
C
.  16
, 16
, .
,  
16 . ,
, 
. 
, , ,
2.
2 1 ,

, , ,
.
2 ,

, C

. 1, , 
,
.
V5.2
, . 


09 - Chap 6.p65

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158

. 

,
.
(BCC bearer channel con
nection)
V5, 64 / 
.

, , ,

. V5.1 ,

; 
. V5.2
, 
. 

V5.2 .
V5.2 
. ,
8, 
V5.2, 16 ,
4000 . V5.1 
30 ,

.

6.4 V5
, V5.1
2048 /, V5.2,
, .
2048 /
V5 ITUT G.703, G.704
ETSI ETS 300 166. ETS 300 166, ,
:
. 
, 
ETS 300 3241.
V5.2 2048 /c,

(IDverification) .
, ,
, 
8.

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

159

,
1 V5.2
Q3.
,
V5.2 
. 
, 
. 
,
, 
,
V5.2 .

, 
.
 
() ,
 . , 
 V5.2 
.
2048 / V5 32 
(. 3 ). 0 
, 31
, 
. 16
; 16 
, , , 3, 7, 9, 10 .
,
16 ,
16 
(, ISDN
D, 
), 15, 
31 (. 6.5). 
V5  ,
,


 .
16 
, 0

.
. 6.5, V5
16
2048 / V5. V5.1 

09 - Chap 6.p65

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160


. V5.2 16 
BCC 
. V5.2 16 ,
, 
.
. 6.5

. , 
 
.
V5 . 
ISDN, 
ISDN ( 3 4 
), 
.
( 
ISDN)
. , 
, 
. ISDN ,

2. , 

. , 
, 
.

1
16

15 31

2
16 15

31

3
16

15

31

4
16

15

31

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

. 6.5

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

161

6.5 LAV5

,
3,
, 
1. 
(.. ), 

,
.
LAPV5 
3.3 LAPD 

. , 
ISDN
. ,

: , ..
.
, 2 ISDN 
ISDN, 2 
. 
ISDN
2, 
3. ,
,
2 3. 
, 
ISDN, .
, V5 2 3, 
,
ISDN, 
3, , , 
2, 3.
,
2 
3 (. 6.3). 13 .
. 6.3 (82) 
. (83) 
1.
V5
ISDN V5.
ISDN

11. ..

09 - Chap 6.p65

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162

2, ISDN. 3
ISDN ISDN
V5.
0 8175 
ISDN 
3.
6.3 V5
V5

0 8175
8176

ISDN

8177

8178
8179

8180
8181 32767

5 4

1
1

1
1

1
1

0
0

0
0

1
1

0
1


3 ,
ISDN . 3 
,
ISDN,
. 2 ,
.
3, ,
,
V5.

, 
6.6.
V5
. , ISDN V5
LAD.
,
,
ISDN.
ISDN
ISDN V5. 

,

.

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

163


LAPV5 : 
LAPV5EF (Enveloping Function sublayer) 
LAPV5DL (Data Link sublayer). 
, 2
, V5
. ,

.
, ..
ISDN
V5.
. 6.6. 
13 , 
, 
.
13 0
8191 (. . 6.2). 2 3
(EA) 
/ (C/R) ISDN. C/R 
0, C/R
, .
8

=0

=1

(01111110)
( )
( )

4

(N3)
FCS ( )

(N2)

FCS ( )

(N1)

(01111110)

. 6.6

0 8175
ISDN, V5.
8176 8191
V5. 
FCS
. 01111110, , , 
DSS1 (. 3.3).
( 
) 3 ,
533 . .

09 - Chap 6.p65

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164

2 ,
268 2 . ,

2268+21=537 . 2
2 , 
533 .

(. 6.7),
.
8

( )

=0

=1

( )

3

M
(M+1)

(M+K)

. 6.7

ISDN
LAV5 2 
ISDN. ,
. ,
, EA C/R, , ISDN.
,
, 3.
260 .
, 
, 
ISDN, 13 ,
0 8191.

. 8176 8180
, , BCC, 
,
V5 ( 6.3).

6.6 3
6.3 3
V5 ( , , 
,  ) ,
.

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

165


(1 ), 3 (2 
), (1 ) , 
/
. . 6.8.
8


3 ( )

1
1

3 ( )
0

2
3

4
5

. 6.8 V5

V5
01001000 (48 ). 

V5 ETS 300 3241 ETS 300 3471
( , ,
,  ) 
, 2. 
V5

(, ETS 300 1021), 
3, .

3. 
3 
V5.
3
(. 6.3).
3 , 
V5; 
(. 6.3).
,
15 32768 .
BCC 3 13
, , 
8192 BCC, 
.
3
.
16 V5.2.

09 - Chap 6.p65

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166

3
16 . 
, .

7 . 
V5
. 6.4.
, 
,
, V5.
6.4 V5

8176
8177
8178
8179

0 15
16 23
24 31
32 47

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1

0
1
1
0


0
1

















8180

48 55

4 DSS1 10 
7, V5 
, 
. 
V5 [83].
, 
,
AN LE. , AN/ESTABLISH 
, LE/ESTABLISH 
. 
, 
, , 
. , ESTABLISH 
Steadysignal (
), : ESTABLISH/Steadysignal. 
,
, :
AN/ESTABLISH/ ESTABLISH, 

.

. ,
: LE/ESTABLISH/Steadysignal:normal

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

167

polarity, ESTABLISH, 
Steady
signal, 
, normal polarity.

, , 
. , , 

. , STATUS:Response:AN0
STATUS 
Cause (), ,
LE/STATUSENQUIRY 
3
0 ( ). 
.
, 
. , ESTABLISH/Lineinforma
tion: impedancemarkerset ESTABLISH: im
pedancemarkerset, .. Lineinformation 
.
, ,
V5 . 
, LE/STATUS  , 
STATUS.
, PROTOCOLPARAMETER LE/PRO
TOCOLPARAMETER , AN/PROTO
COLPARAMETER V5.
V5, 
, 
2, , , 
. V5
, 
, ,
,
.

6.7 ISDN
V5 
ISDN .

, 
DSS1 , ISDN
, 

09 - Chap 6.p65

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168

, DSS1 , 
, V5. 
.

V5 [83]:
V5 
, ,
ISDN.
, 1, 2 3 . 

, , 
, .
V5 

ISDN , 
. 2 OSI , 
ISDN . 

ISDN , .

3 ISDN ,
V5. , 
 ISDN
.

ISDN, 1,
, V5 
ISDN.
1
, .. D 
, 
. 
,
1, , 
D
, 
2.
, ISDN
2 
. 
,
, 
1, ..

09 - Chap 6.p65

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V5

169

,
. , 
3, .. 
.
, 2 

, ,
3, 
. 3 , 2 

, 
,
. V5 
ISDN
, Q.921.
ISDN, 
( ),
, . 
(FCS) 
.
V5 (. 6.9). 
, 
V5, : ISDN
,
.
FCS FCS ,

ISDN.


01111110

01111110

01111110

01111110

FCS
01111110

ISDN

FCS

FCS

01111110

01111110

FCS
01111110

V5

ISDN

. 6.9 ISDN

09 - Chap 6.p65

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170

D ISDN ,
,
D V5, 64 /,
. 
, 
, C, 
 V5. 
, .. 
D .

 .  ,
, . 
, 
,
2.
V5  s,
p f,
, V5.1 V5.2.
  ,

, ..  
.

09 - Chap 6.p65

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7

,
,
, ,
, .
.

7.1
V5
. , 

(, ) (
, ), 
, ,

. , , ,
V5 
ISDN 
, ABC .
, 
(). 100 
, ,
, , ,
, 
. , ,
, , .
, ,
, .
V5,
V5 , ,
.


10 - Chap 7.p65

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172

, 

ISDN ( ),
V5 
..
,
, 3
.
ISDN, , 

. 
3, , ,

.
,
,
ISDN, , , (..
, ),
, ,
,
3.
V5. , ,
3, 
, . 
( , ..),
.

.
( ,
) 
V5 ,
 V5,
, (signalling path). ,

,
, (
, 
).

3 ,
.
, , ..


10 - Chap 7.p65

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173

, 
. 
, , ..
, 
,
. :
, 
V5. 

.

7.2


, 
, 
. 
, ETS 300 1021, 

. 7.1.
7.1

 (Steadysignal)
(Digitsignal)
 (Cadencedringing)
 (Pulsedsignal)
 ()
(Pulsenotification)
 (Lineinformation)
 (Recognitiontime)

(Enableautonomousacknowledge)

(Disableautonomousacknowledge)

(Autonomussignallingsequence)

 (Sequenceresponse)
 (Sequencenumber)
(State)
(Cause)
 (Resourceunavailable)

10 - Chap 7.p65

173

( ) 8
3
0
3
0
3
0
35
0

7
0
0
0
0

6
0
0
0
0

5 4 3
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
0 0 0

2
1
0
0
1

1
1
0
1
0

1
4

1
0

0
0

0
0

0
1

46

3
1
35
38

0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
1
1
1

0
0

0
1

1
0

1
0

21.07.2005, 15:54

174


, / 
,
. 


( ) .

. 7.1.
8

P. 7.1 ""


, 

,
, , 
,
. 
3 , 
. 7.2.


.

, 
. 

, V5 
. 
(Digitsignal), , 
, (. 7.2), 
,
(DDI), ( 

1 ).
3 .
14 , 
, ,
. 14 

10 - Chap 7.p65

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175

. 5 6 0. 

.
0.
7.2 ( 3)

4 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 1
0 1
0 1
1 0
1 0
1 0
1 0

7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

2
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1

0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1

1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0

(Normal polarity)
(Reversed polarity)
(Battery on cwire)
(No battery on cwire)
(Loop closed)
(Loop open)
(Battery on awire)
(awire on earth)
(No battery on awire)
b (No battery on bwire)
(Reduced battery)
(No battery)

(Alternate reduced power/no power)
(Normal battery)
(Stop ringing)
(Start pilot frequency)
(Stop pilot frequency)
b (Low impedance on bwire)
b (bwire connected to earth)
b (bwire disconnected from earth)
b (Battery on bwire)
(Low loop impedance)
(High loop impedance)

(Anomalous loop impedance)
a
(awire disconnected from earth)
(cwire on earth)

(cwire disconnected from earth)

P. 7.2 ""

10 - Chap 7.p65

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176


 (Cadencedringing), 

. 3 
.

(.. )
 (Pulsedsignal),
. 7.3. 
3 5 .
8

0/1

P. 7.3 ""

, 
, , 
,
. 7.3. 
, 

.

. 
.
, 
, .
.
(suppression indicator),
6 7 4, , , 
. 
, 6 7 4, 
,
: ,
. 
. 7.4 7.5, .
AN LE
, 
(Pulsedsignal)

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177

(Digitsignal). 
,
.
7.3 ( 3)
7
1
1
1
1

6
1
1
1
1

5 4 3
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
0

0
0
0
1

1
0
0
1

0
1
0
1

1
1

1
1

0
0

1
1

1
0

0
1

0
1

2
1
1
0
0

1
1
0
1
0

(Pulsed normal polarity)


(Pulsed reversed polarity)
(Pulsed battery on cwire)
(Pulsed on hook)

(Pulsed reduced battery)
(Pulsed n battery)
(Initial ring)
(Meter pulse)
50 (50 Hz pulse)

(Register recall  timed loop open)
(Pulsed off hook)
b
(Pulsed bwire connected to earth)
(Earth loop pulse)
b
(Pulsed bwire connected to battery)

(Pulsed awire connected to earth)

(Pulsed awire connected to battery)

(Pulsed cwire connected to earth)
(Pulsed cwire disconnected)

(Pulsed normal battery)
(Pulsed awire disconnected)
b (Pulsed bwire disconnected)

7.4 ( 4)

7 6
0 0
0 1 ,
1 0 ,
,
1 1

12. ..

10 - Chap 7.p65

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178

7.5
( 4a)

7 6
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1




()

, 
,
. , 
.

. 
 (Lineinformation), 
, , 

.
7.6.
. 
 
, 
.
7.6
""
4
0
0
0
0
0

3 2
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 1
1 0

1
0
1
0
1
0

(Impedance marker reset)


(Impedance marker set)
(Low loop impedance)
(Anomalous loop impedance)
(Anomalous line condition received)

, 
. 
 (Recognition
time), , , 
, 
. 
4 ,
, . 7.4.

7.2 7.3.

10 - Chap 7.p65

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179


, , 
. 7 0.
8

P. 7.4 ""


 ( ).
, 
.
,
, 

. 

. 
, , 

 (Enableutonomousacknowledge). 
4 4 6
(. 7.5 7.6).
, 7.2 7.3.
, ,
, , 
,

.
8

1
2

P. 7.5
""
( "")


, 

10 - Chap 7.p65

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180

 (Disableautono
mousacknowledge). 
,
3 .
8

1
2

P. 7.6
""
( "")


, , , 
. 

 (Au
tonomoussignallingsequence).
.
(sequence
type) 1 4 ( 7.1).

,

 (Sequencere
sponse).
,
.

.
 (sequencenumber),
. 7.7. 3 ,
.
8

1
2
3

P. 7.7 ""

10 - Chap 7.p65

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181

 
SIGNAL, PROTOCOL_PARAMETER
SIGNAL_ACK, .
SIGNAL PROTOCOL_PARAMETER 
 M(S), 
SIGNAL_ M(R).
,
,

.
(State),

(Cause).

3, 4 5 , . 7.8. 3
, 
. 4 , 
, 
. 5 
, 4 4, 

, .

7.7. .
8

( )

( )

P. 7.8 "" (Cause)

, ,
, 
 
. 
 (Resource
unavailable).
,
,
.  
SIGNAL .

3 8 .

10 - Chap 7.p65

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182

7.7 ""

4 3

_
(Response to STATUS_ENQUIRY)

(Protocol discriminator error)
3 (L3 address error)

(Message type unrecognized)

(Out of sequence information element)

(Repeated optional information element)

(Mandatory information element missing)

(Unrecognized information element)

(Mandatory information element content error)

(Optional information element content error)
,

(Message not compatible with path state)

(Repeated mandatory information element)

(Too many information element)

3
3
3
4
5
5
5(4)
5
5
5
4
5
4

7.3
V5 . 6.7 
. V5, 
:
) V5 ,
) 3, ,
,
) ,
) ,
.
a), ) ) , 
) 
.
, 
7.8. 

10 - Chap 7.p65

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183

( 6.4 )
.
7.8
7

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

5 4 3 2 1

0 0 0 0 0 ESTABLISH
0 0 0 0 1 ESTABLISH_ACK
0 0 0 1 0 SIGNAL
0 0 0 1 1 SIGNAL_ACK

0 1 0 0 0 DISCONNECT
0 1 0 0 1 DISCONNECT_COMPLETE

0 1 1 0 0 STATUS_ENQUIRY
0 1 1 0 1 STATUS
0 1 1 1 0 PROTOCOL_PARAMETER

ESTABLISH ESTABLISH_ACK 

V5. , 
DIS
CONNECT DISCONNECT_COMPLETE.

SIGNAL SIGNAL_ACK.
PROTOCOL_PA
RAMETER.
V5 
STATUS_ENQUIRY, , 
, 
. 
STATUS STATUS_ENQUIRY 
, .


.
, 
( ), 

() () 
.
, ESTABLISH, ESTAB
LISH_ACK, SIGNAL PROTOCOL_PARAMETER 

.

10 - Chap 7.p65

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184

ESTABLISH, 
7.9,
.
7.9 ESTABLISH


3






ANLE

M
M
M
O

1
2
1
1

LEAN

LEAN
LEAN

O
O
O

3
35
3

ESTABLISH_ ( 7.10) 
, 
.
7.10 ESTABLISH_


3




M
M
M

1
2
1

LEAN

O
O

35
3

ESTABLISH (LE)
, (AN)
. 
 
, AN/ESTABLISH/. 

AN/ESTABLISH/Steadysignal
( ). 
, 
AN/SIGNAL. 
. 7.9.

,
LE/ESTABLISH/.
, 
, 
. 

10 - Chap 7.p65

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185

LE/ESTABLISH/Cadencedringing. 
, 
LE/ESTABLISH/Steadysignal:normalpolarity. 
LE/ESTABLISH,
LE/SIGNAL.

ESTABLISH

ESTABLISH_ACK

. 7.9 ESTABLISH ESTABLISH_

: 

LE/ESTABLISH/
Autonomoussignallingsequence. 
ESTABLISH

.
, , , 
, LE/ESTAB
LISH AN/ESTABLISH_ACK/Steadysignal:loopclosed.
,
AN/ESTABLISH_ACK/Pulsedsignal,
. 
, 
AN/ESTABLISH_ACK/.
AN/ESTABLISH 
LE/ESTABLISH_ACK/Steadysignal, , , 
. 
LE/ESTABLISH_ACK/Pulsedsignal,
, 
, LE/ESTABLISH_ACK/Autonomous signalingse
quence, 
. 
, 
LE/ESTABLISH_ACK/.

.

10 - Chap 7.p65

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186


, , 
AN/ESTABLISH/Lineinformation. 
LE/ESTABLISHACK, 
LE/DISCONNECT_COMPLETE.
DISCONNECT 
, ,
.

DISCONNECT/
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE/

. 7.10 DISCONNECT
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE

AN/DISCONNECT_COM
PLETE, DISCONNECT. 
AN/DISCONNECT_COMPLETE
,
. , 
AN/SIG
NAL/Steadysignal:onhook, ,
.
, 
, , AN/ESTAB
LISH,
AN/SIGNAL/Steady
signal:onhook. ,
ESTABLISH_ACK, DISCONNECT. 
: AN/SIGNAL/Linesignal 
, 
STATUS , 
.
,
LE/ESTABLISH_ACK, 
AN/DISCONNECT/Steadysignal:onhook.
,
AN/DISCONNECT/. 
LE/
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE/Steadysignal LE/DISCONNECT_COM
PLETE/.

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187


. SIGNAL

( 7.11).
7.11 SIGNAL


3









ANLE

M
M
M

1
2
1
3
1

LEAN

ANLE

LEAN

ANLE

O
O
O
O
O

3
3 5
3
3
3 8

PROTOCOL_PARAMETER
( 7.12).
7.12 PROTOCOL_PARAMETER


3








LEAN
LEAN
LEAN
LEAN
LEAN

M
M
M
M
O

1
2
1
3
4

LEAN

4 6

LEAN

SIGNAL_ACK (
7.13).
,
Sequencenumber (). SIG
NAL PROTOCOL_PARAMETER 
, .
SIGNAL_ACK 

.

3, 7.6. 

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188

SIGNAL PROTOCOL_ PARAME


TER ,
.
7.13 SIGNAL_


3

M
M
M

1
2
1
3

AN/SIGNAL, ,
(. 7.1) 
, Cadencedringing (
), .. 
.

AN/SIGNAL/Steadysignal.

AN/SIGNAL/Digitalsignal.
, 
AN/SIGNAL/Pulsenotification.
LE/SIGNAL
,
Pulsenotification, 
() , 
() .
LE/
SIGNAL/Cadencedringing. LE/
SIGNAL/Pulsedsignal:initialring. LE/SIGNAL/Pulsedsignal
.
LE/SIGNAL 
, 

, LE/SIGNAL/
Autonomoussignallingsequence, 

.
4 (. 7.10). 

AN/SIGNAL/Sequenceresponse. ,

, 
.
, 
SIGNAL . 

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189

AN/SIGNAL/Resourceunavailable 
, 
, .
SIGNAL 
,
PROTOCOL_PARAMETER/Rec
ognitiontime. 

.
, 
LE/PROTOCOL_PARAMETER/Enableau
tonomousacknowledge LE/PROTOCOL_PARAMETER/Disableauton
omousacknowledge.
PROTOCOL_PARAMETER , .. , 
/ 
.
STATUS STATUS_ENQUIRY 
(
7.14 7.15). 

V5. 
, .
7.14 STATUS


3

ANLE
ANLE
ANLE
ANLE
ANLE

M
M
M

1
2
1
1
3 5

7.15 STATUS_ENQUIRY


3

LEAN
LEAN
LEAN

M
M
M

1
2
1


,
. , 
V5:
, 
, .

. 
. 

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190


. , , 
.

LE/ESTABLISH.
AN/ESTABLISH_ACK 
.
AN/ESTABLISH
. LE/
ESTABLISH_ACK 
.
, 
LE/DISCONNECT. ( 7.16) 
,
. AN/
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE, ,

( 7.17).
7.16 DISCONNECT


3



M
M
M
O

1
2
1
3

7.17 DISCONNECT_COMPLETE


3



LEAN

M
M
M
O

1
2
1
3


, , 
, 
LE/ESTABLISH_ACK . LE/
ESTABLISH_ACK ,
, 
. LE/
ESTABLISH_ACK , , 
AN/DISCONNECT.
LE/DISCONNECT_COMPLETE,
.

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191


AN/ESTABLISH/Lineinformation. 
LE/DISCONNECT AN/
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE, 
.

7.4
, , ,
, V5.
, . 
, , 
,

. , 

, 
, ,
.

. 

, 
,
. 

, , 
,
, .

, 
PROTOCOL_PARAMETER.
. 7.11 ANS (PSTN pro
tocol: Access Network Side)
, . 7.12 SDL
.
, PANS 
, .

. 
FE (Functional Elements), 
, 

AN PANS .

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192

BLOCK: PANS
*/ V5
.
ETS 300 3241:1994. /
/*

DISCONNECT
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE
ESTABLISH
ESTABLISH_ACK
SIGNAL
SIGNAL_ACK
STATUS

FEline_signal
FEline_information
FEsubscriber_release
FEsubscriber_seizure

C1

C2

C3

PANS
(PSTN protocol:
AN side)

C4

[FEline_signal]
DISCONNECT
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE
ESTABLISH
ESTABLISH_ACK
PROTOCOL_PARAMETER
SIGNAL
SIGNAL_ACK
STATUS_ENQUIRY

. 7.11

:
FEsubscriber_seizure ( ),
FEsubscriber_release ( ),
FEline_information ( ),
FEline_signal ( ).
( C1) 
.
, (FEline_information) 
,
.
( C1 C2) 
, (
, ..).
C3 C4 3 PANS
2 .
PANS 7 :
AN1 (null). 

ESTABLISH c .

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193

AN1
NULL

FE
subscriber
seizure

FE
line
information

T1

T1

ESTABLISH

ESTABLISH

ESTABLISH
ACK

AN2

AN4

PATH INITIATED
by AN

FE
linesignal

1/2

AN1

PATH ACTIVE

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE

STATUS

AN5

LINE INFORMATION

1/2

PROTOCOL
PARAMETER


S(S), S(A), S(R)

ESTABLISH

FE
linesignal

ESTABLISH
ACK

NULL

[*]

STATUS

ESTABLISH

AN4

AN1

LINE INFORMATION

AN4
NULL

LINE INFORMATION

. 7.12 SDL PANS (1 5)

AN2
(path initiated by AN). ,

, ESTABLISH
ESTABLISH_ACK.

13. ..

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PATH INITIATED
by AN

AN2

T2

ESTABLISH

1/2

PATH ACTIVE

AN5

1/2


S(S), S(A), S(R)

ESTABLISH
ACK

PATH ACTIVE

AN5

1/2

S(S), S(A), S(R)

ESTABLISH
ACK

ESTABLISH

PATH INITIATED
by AN

AN2

AN1
NULL

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE

. 7.12 SDL PANS (2 5)

PATH ABORT REQUEST

AN3

FE
subscriber
release

PATH INITIATED
by AN

AN2

PATH INITIATED
by AN

AN2

STATUS

PROTOCOL
PARAMETER

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PATH INITIATED
by AN

AN2

FE
linesignal

FE
subscriber
seizure

AN1
NULL

T1/T2

PATH ACTIVE

AN5

FE
linesignal

1/2

S(S), S(A), S(R)

ESTABLISH
ACK

ESTABLISH

PATH ABORT REQUEST

AN3

. 7.12 SDL PANS (3 5)

DISCONNECT
REQUEST

AN7

DISCONNECT

1/2

ESTABLISH
ACK

AN3
PATH ABORT REQUEST

PATH ABORT REQUEST

AN3

STATUS

PROTOCOL
PARAMETER

AN1
NULL

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE

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PATH ACTIVE

AN5

1
?

S(S)
?

AN5

PATH ACTIVE

DISCONNECT
REQUEST

AN7

AN1

NULL

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE

PATH ACTIVE

AN5

r
?

S(R)

DISCONNECT
REQUEST

AN7

r/t

DISCONNECT

M(S)=S(R)?

FE
linesignal

SIGNAL

PATH ACTIVE

AN5

S(A)=S(S)

S(A)=M(R)

M(R)
?

SIGNAL_ACK

DISCONNECT
REQUEST

AN7

DISCONNECT

PATH ACTIVE

AN5

1
?

S(R)

DISCONNECT
REQUEST

AN7

r, t

DISCONNECT

M(S)=S(R)?

PROTOCOL
PARAMETER

. 7.12 SDL PANS (4 5)

DISCONNECT
REQUEST

AN7

DISCONNECT

S(S)

DISCONNECT

SIGNAL_ACK

SIGNAL

M(S)=S(S)

FE
line
signal

PATH ACTIVE

AN5

197

AN7
DISCONNECT
REQUEST

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE

DISCONNECT

STATUS ENQUIRY

PROTOCOL
PARAMETER

STATUS

DISCONNECT

AN7

AN1

DISCONNECT
REQUEST

AN1
NULL

AN7
NULL

DISCONNECT
REQUEST

AN7
DISCONNECT
REQUEST

. 7.12 SDL PANS

AN3 
(path abort request). 
, ESTABLISH , 
ESTABLISH_ , 
.
AN4 .
FEline_information
ESTABLISH.
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE.
AN1,
AN1.
AN5 (path active).
AN6 (port blocked). 
,
, . ( SDL
AN6 ,
.)
AN7 (disconnect re
quest). ,
DISCONNECT.
. 7.12 SDL
PANS SDL, 
2 [55].

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198

AN1 
ESTABLISH,
ESTABLISH_ACK,
AN5. 
AN5 , , 
(FEline_signal). 
ESTABLISH , 
PANS AN1.
AN1 :
ESTABLISH_ACK PROTOCOL_PARAMETER, 
, STATUS.

, FEsub
scriberseizure, , .
1 ES
TABLISH, AN2 
. 
,
FEline_signal. ( 
) FEline_signal
.

(FE line information) 1, 
ESTABLISH
, AN4 ( 
).
AN2 ESTABLISH_,
, 
AN5. ESTABL
ISH_ PROTOCOL_PARAMETER,
,
AN2.
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE, 
, , 
AN1. 
AN2 ESTABLISH,
, 
. 
, AN2. 
, EST
ABLISH_, , ,
FEline_signal. 
AN5 .

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199

AN2 .
FEsubscriber_release
( ), AN3 (
PATH ABORT
REQUEST). AN2 1,
1 
ESTABLISH. 
ESTABLISH, 2,
AN2.
2: ESTABLISH 2.
AN3 ,
ESTABLISH_ACK
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE.
AN2. AN3 
. 
PROTOCOL_PARAMETER, 
STATUS, .
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE,
AN1.
ESTABLISH_,
DISCONNECT, 1
2, 3, AN7
( ). 
ESTABLISH , 
.
, .
ESTABLISH_, 
, 1/2, 
AN5.
AN4 ( )
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE,
AN1. , 
1 DISCONNECT_COMPLETE 
, 2 ESTABLISH,
AN4.
AN5 
. 
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE, 
AN1.
SIGNAL, 
.
,
FEline_signal ,
1 S(R), Tr, 
. AN5.

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200

SIGNAL , 
DISCONNECT, 3, 
1 2, AN7.

SIGNAL_ACK. 
M(R) , t, 
AN5. 
, , AN7.
PROTO
COL_PARAMETER. , ,
FEline_signal, 
SIGNAL, 1 S(S), 
,
. 7.12. t 
DISCONNECT, 3 AN7.
Tr
SIGNAL_ACK, AN5.
AN7 :
DISCONNECT DISCONNECT_COMPLETE,
, 
, 
AN1. DISCONNECT
3
3:
DISCONNECT 3,
AN1 c 
.

:
, 
, , , 
.
, ,

.
. 7.12 SDL
PANS :
1=4 ESTAB
LISH_ACK DISCONNECT_COMPLETE. 
ES
TABLISH 2;
2=(530 ) ES
TABLISH_ACK DISCONNECT_COMPLETE. 
;

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201

3=2 DISCONNECT
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE. .
3
;
r=5 SIGNAL
PROTOCOL_PARAMEMER;
t=10 SIGNAL.

7.5

.
(DTMF),
, ,
DTMF 
.

V5 
3, .
. 7.13 LES (PSTN proto
col: Local Exchange Side)
, . 7.14 SDL 
. 


FE,
, 
LE
PLES ( C7 C8). ,
SDL ,
.
:
V5:
FEestablish_request,
FEestablish_indication,
FEestablish_acknowledge,
FEestablish_acknowledge_indication;
:
FEline_signal_request,
FEline_signal_indication;

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202

V5:
FEdisconnect_request,
FEdisconect_complete_request,
FEdisconnect_complete_indication;
:
FEprotocol_parameter_request.
BLOCK: PLES
*/ V5
. ETS 300 3241:1994.
/
/*

DISCONNECT
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE
ESTABLISH
ESTABLISH_ACK
SIGNAL
SIGNAL_ACK
STATUS

FEresource_unavailable
FEdisconnect_complete_indication
FEestablish_indication
FEestablish_ack_indication
FEline_signal_indication

C5

C7

PLES
(PSTN protocol:
LE side)

C6

DISCONNECT
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE
ESTABLISH
ESTABLISH_ACK
PROTOCOL_PARAMETER
SIGNAL
SIGNAL_ACK
STATUS_ENQUIRY

C8

FEdisconnect_complete_request
FEdisconnect_request
FEestablish_ack
FEestablish_request
FEline_signal_request
FEprotocol_parameter_request

. 7.13


SDL PLES.
, indication 
PLES ,
request ( FEestablish_acknowledge,
response) .
PLES
:
LE1 (null).

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203

LE2
(path initiated by LE). ,
ESTABLISH.
LE3
(path initiated by AN). ES
TABLISH ESTABLISH_.
LE4 (path active), 

.
LE5 (path disconnect
request). , A
DISCONNECT. 
,
DISCONNECT_COMPLETE.
,
PLES, SDL 
. 7.14. SDL
,
PLES:
1=2 ESTAB
LISH DISCONNECT_COMPLETE.
ESTABLISH_ACK. 
, 
ESTABLISH, 1 . 
1
ESTABLISH_ACK DISCON
NECT 3;
3=2 DISCON
NECT. . 
LE5 PLES ( 
AN7 PANS) ,
3,
:
3 , 
DISCONNECT;

;
4=2 STATUS
ENQUIRY. ;
r=5 SIGNAL;
t=10 SIGNAL
PROTOCOL_PARAMEER.

10 - Chap 7.p65

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204

LE1
NULL

ESTABLISH

FE
establish_
indication

DISCONNECT

FE
establish_
request

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE

S(S), S(A), S(R)

ESTABLISH

S(S), S(A), S(R)

LE3

FE
establish_
ack

FE
establish_
request

ESTABLISH
ACK

ESTABLISH

LE1

LE2

PATH INITIATED
by AN

NULL

FE
disconnect_
complete_
request

ESTABLISH
ACK

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE

PATH INITIATED
by LE

ESTABLISH

FE
establish_
ack

FE
establish_
indication

FE
establish_ack_
indication

ESTABLISH
ACK

DISCONNECT

LE4
PATH ACTIVE

LE2

LE1

PATH INITIATED
by LE

LE4
NULL

PATH ACTIVE

LE2
PATH INITIATED
by LE

LE4

LE5

PATH ACTIVE

PATH DISCONNECT
REQUEST

ESTABLISH

LE2
PATH INITIATED
by LE

. 7.14 SDL PLES


(1 3)


, , PLES 
SDL, 
,
PANS PLES. [83] 
:
AN/ESTABLISH/Steadysignal:offhook

, ;
LE/ESTABLISH/Cadencedringing 

,
;
LE/ESTABLISH/Steadysignal:normalpolarity 
.

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PATH ACTIVE

LE4

Tr
?

S(R)

M(S)=S(R)

FE
line_signal_
indication

SIGNAL

PATH ACTIVE

LE4

S()=S(S)?

PATH DISCONNECT
REQUEST

LE5

Tt, r

DISCONNECT

PATH ACTIVE

LE4

Tt
?

S(S)

S(S)

SIGNAL

M(S)=S(S)

FE
line_signal_
request

PATH DISCONNECT
REQUEST

LE5

Tt, r
3

DISCONNECT

PATH ACTIVE

LE4

Tt
?

S(S)

S(S)

PROTOCOL
PARAMETER

M(S)=S(S)

FE
protocol_
parameter_
request

PATH DISCONNECT
REQUEST

LE5

Tt, r
3

DISCONNECT

PATH ACTIVE

LE4

SIGNAL
ACK

Tr

. 7.14 SDL PLES (2 3)

PATH DISCONNECT
REQUEST

LE5

Tt, r

DISCONNECT

S()=(R)

M(R)

SIGNAL
ACK

PATH ACTIVE

LE4

PATH DISCONNECT
REQUEST

LE5

Tt, r

DISCONNECT

Tt

206

LE5
PATH DISCONNECT
REQUEST

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE

T3

FE
disconnect_
complete_
indication

DISCONNECT

LE1

LE5
NULL

PATH DISCONNECT
REQUEST

LE1
NULL

. 7.14 SDL PLES


(3 3)

:
LE/DISCONNECT/ , 
; 
PANS AN1;
AN/DISCONNECT/ , 
, PANS LE/
ESTABLISH_ACK/ AN/ESTABLISH/Steady
signal:offhook;
AN/DISCONNECT_COMPLETE/ LE/DISCON
NECT_COMPLETE/
DISCONNECT;
AN/ESTABLISH_ACK/ LE/ ESTABLISH_ ACK/ 
ESTABLISH.
SIGNAL:
AN/SIGNAL/Digitsignal:value+noacknowledgement 
, ,
;
AN/SIGNAL/Steadysignal:offhook ,
;
LE/SIGNAL/Steadysignal:normalpolarity ,
(

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207

) 
;
LE/SIGNAL/Steadysignal:stopringing ,

.

7.6

PANS PLES 
.
, 
.


.
, 
V5 , 
, 
. , 
FEline_signal, , 
V5, .. 
V5 .
, 
, .. 
. 
, 

.
, 
, 
. 
, 

V5 .
, , ,
, 3 
. 
4 , ( )

. 
,
( 
) .

10 - Chap 7.p65

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208


, 

. , 

.
, 

, 
6.
, 
STATUS 
, , 
, (
0000001 ). 

,
. 3 , 
, , 
.
,
( 
). 
.
, ,
,
, 
. ,

, .

STATUS 
, , 

, .

, V5 
,
STATUS 
, 
,

,

10 - Chap 7.p65

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209


.

, ,
, 
STATUS ,
, 

.
,

, 
, 
, , 
, 
..

, 
,
7.4 7.5 .
, , 3
3 ,
. 
SIGNAL PROTOCOL_PARAMETER,
FEline_signal FEprotocol_parameter, ,
, .
SIGNAL PROTO
COL_PARAMETER : 
, 
, (
), SIGNAL_. (,
, , , 
PROTOCOL_PARAMETER .)

128, .. 0 127. 
V5 
, S(S) 
.
, , S(S) 1.

, S(A)
,

14. ..

10 - Chap 7.p65

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210

, .. ,
. , S(S)S(A)
, 
.
, 
, 
M(S). , 
, , 
, M(S), 
S(S).
3 
, S(R) 

. , M(S) S(R), 
S(R) 1.
, 
, , 
,
M(R), M(R) 
S(R). , 
, M(R), 
S(A) M(R) S(S).
SDL PANS PLES
,
. S(S) , Tt
Tr 
DISCONNECT. S(S) Tt 
, , Tt
, .
SDL , 
3 SIGNAL_ACK 
M(R) 
S(R). 3 SIGNAL
M(S) S(R). M(S)
S(R), , S(R) 
1. M(S) S(R), Tt Tr 
.
SIGNAL_ACK M(R) 
. M(R) , Tt Tr
DISCONNECT. M(R) 
, S(A),
M(R).

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211

S(A) S(S), Tt . S(A)


S(S) M(R) , Tt 
. Tt
SIGNAL_ACK, M(R) S(S).

7.7
4.7, DSS1,

V5, . 
V5 ETSI.
V5 
( 
), , 
. , 
,
.


. ISDN , 
, 
1, ,

, ETSI. , 

V5, 7.18.
7.18

,

;
;
;
;
(16 );

;
(16 )


715385;

2838489

45.5495


, 7.19.

, . , 

, , ETSI,
.

10 - Chap 7.p65

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212

7.19

ESTABLISH

()
Steady Signal
Line Information
Cadencedringing

Pulse Signal


Off_Hook

adenced_ringing_type
(0, 1, 2)
Pulse type=Initial ring,
Suppression indication (11),
Pulse duration type (1),
Acknowledge request indicator (10),
Number of pulses (1)

Digit Signal

Digit ack.req.ind (0),


Digit information (110)
Off_Hook
On_Hook

Sequenceresponce
Pulse notification
Steady Signal

Reserved polarity

Steady Signal

Normal polarity

Cadencedringing

Pulse type=Reversed polarity,


Suppression indication (11),
Pulse duration type (1),
Acknowledge request indicator (10),
Number of pulses (1)
Pulse type=Normal polarity,
Suppression indication (11),
Pulse duration type (1),
Acknowledge request indicator (10),
Number of pulses (1)
adenced_ringing_type (0, 1, 2)

Steady Signal

Stop ringing

Pulse Signal

Pulse Signal

SIGNAL ACK
STATUS ENQUIRY
STATUS

DISCONNECT
COMPLETE
PROTOCOL
PARAMETER

LEAN

LEAN
( 1)

ANLE
ANLE
LEAN
(
ANLE
(
ANLE
(
LEAN
(
LEAN
(

Steady Signal
Steady Signal
Autonomous signalling
Sequence type (1)
sequence

DISCONNECT

ANLE
ANLE

ANLE, LEAN

ESABLISH ACK
SIGNAL

2)
3)
4)
5)
5)

LEAN
( 5)

LEAN
( 5)
LEAN
ANLE, LEAN
LEAN
ANLE
ANLE, LEAN
LEAN
ANLE, LEAN

Recognition Time

Signal
(Pulsed signal = register recall).
Duration type (1)

LEAN
( 6)

7.19 :
1) 
,
( DTMF).

, 

10 - Chap 7.p65

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213

.
(),

500 ,
V5 .
2) , 
, 
. 

, , 

,
(,
).

. 
4 . 0001
.
3) 
.
4) 
, R
( ) 1 
.
5)
. 
, 
,
. 


, 
. 
.
.
6) , 

, 
.
SDL
, 
. 

V5.

10 - Chap 7.p65

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214

,
.
.
, AN/
SIGNAL/Steady_signal:On_hook. 
LE/DISCONNECT, 
AN/DISCONNECT_COMPLETE.
, , 
AN/SIGNAL/Steady_sig
nal:On_hook,
.

.

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V5.2

.

8.1


(BCC Bearer Channel Connection rotocol). 

V5.2
. 


V5.2, 
, .

V5.1 V5.2. V5.1
,


. V5.2 . 

; , 

. 
V5.2
, 
, . , 

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216


.
, ,
, , , 

bearer channel connections .
,
BCC 
,

V5.2. 

, , ,
, V5.2 
. 

, . ,
, 
,

.
:
1) V5.2, 
ISDN 
;
2) , 
, , 
V5.2 ISDN
(, ) , 
V5.2
(, );
3) ,
.
 
, 
. 


( Q),
V5,
.
V5.2 
 n 64 /, n 

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V5.2

217

1 30,
0, 11 .  
. DSS1 0 11
V5.2,
n 64 /.
V5.2,

.


V5.2. 
, , , 

, , V5.2.

BCC, , 
,
,
. (
) 
V5.2, ..
, 
, 
V5.2. , V5.2 
16 2048 /c.
. 8.1.
2 3
, .
S, ,
. ,
,
, ,
, , , S 
.
8

1
1


S ( )
0
0


( )

2
3
4

. 8.1

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218


V5.2 , 
.
, 
.
, 

.
8.1.
,
, , ,
, 
. 
, AN_FAULT PROTOCOL_ERROR,
.
8.1

7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

6 5 4 3 2
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 1 1
1 0 0 1 1
1 0 1 0 0
1 0 1 0 0
1 0 1 0 1


1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0

ALLOCATION ()
ALLOCATION_COMPLETE ( )
ALLOCATION_REJECT ( )
DEALLOCATION ( )
DEALLOCATION_COMPLETE ( )
DEALLOCATION_REJECT ( )
AUDIT ()
AUDIT_COMPLETE ( )
AN_FAULT ( )
AN_FAULT_ACK ( AN_FAULT)
PROTOCOL_ERROR ( )

V5.2
ALLOCATION. 

, , 
. 

.

,
.
ISDN, ,

ISDN. ISDN

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V5.2

219

5 .
ISDN 1 31
1 (00001) 31 (11111). 1
1 (00001), 2 2 (00010).
,
 ISDN, 
V5,
V5.2, .
, 
 
 .
ALLOCATION 8.2. 
, 
M (Mandatory)
O (Option).
8.2 ALLOCATION





ISDN
V5

1
2
1
4
3
4
11


ISDN ,
 ISDN, 
.
V5 , 
.
11 
(. 8.2) 
V5.2 , 
(n 64 /c) 
ISDN ( ). 

2048 /.

ISDN /c, 
V5.2 ( 
). 
V5 
, 

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220

. 
, , 
, 
, .
8

2048 / V5.2
V5TS31

V5TS30

V5TS29

V5TS28

V5TS27

V5TS26

V5TS25

V5TS24 4

V5TS23

V5TS22

V5TS21

V5TS20

V5TS19

V5TS18

V5TS17

V5TS16 5

V5TS15

V5TS14

V5TS13

V5TS12

V5TS11

V5TS10

V5TS9

V5TS8

V5TS7

V5TS6

V5TS5

V5TS4

V5TS3

V5TS2

V5TS1

UPTS31 UPTS30 UPTS29 UPTS28 UPTS27 UPTS26 UPTS25 UPTS24 8


UPTS23 UPTS22 UPTS21 UPTS20 UPTS19 UPTS18 UPTS17 UPTS16 9
UPTS15 UPTS14 UPTS13 UPTS12 UPTS11 UPTS10

UPTS9

UPTS8

10

UPTS7

UPTS1

11

UPTS6

UPTS5

UPTS4

UPTS3

UPTS2

. 8.2 " "


, 
. 256. 4 7
V5.2, 
. 
( ),
4 7 1, 0.
8 11 ISDN
( ), 
4 7 V5.2. 
,
8 11 1, 
0.

, 
V5.2 
( 8.3).
8.3 ALLOCATION COMPLETE



1
2
1

AL
LOCATION, ,

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V5.2

221

ALLOCATION_REJECT 
. ,
( 8.4), .

, 
V5.  
 
. ,
.
, ,
, , 
, ,
.
DEALLOCATION , 
, 
, DEAL
LOCATION, . 
DEALLOCATION 8.5. 
ISDN 

V5.2  ISDN
.
V5.2
 ISDN, ,
.
8.4 ALLOCATION_REJECT




1
2
1
3 14

8.5 DEALLOCATION





ISDN
V5

1
2
1
4
3
4
11


DEALLOCA
TION_COMPLETE. , 

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222

,
, ,
.
DEALLOCATION_REJECT, 
3 14 , 
, 
.
AUDIT ( 8.6)

, 
, . , 
, , 
V5.2.
,  
,
.
8.6 AUDIT





ISDN
V5

1
2
1
4
3
4

AUDIT_COM
PLETE ( AUDIT),
, 
,  . 
AUDIT_COMPLETE
(
V5), 
, , 
.

, .
, 

, .
  ,
,
AN_FAULT. AN_FAULT
ALLOCATION DEALLOCATION 
, , 
( 

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V5.2

223

ISDN) V5.2
, . AN_FAULT
AN_FAULT_ACKNOWLEGE,
, , .
,
PROTOCOL_ERROR (
8.7.). 
,
, , ,
.
8.7 PROTOCOL_ERROR




1
2
1
3 5


, , 
, 
, 
, 
,
, 

.

ETS 300 3471.

8.2 V5.2
, V5.2
( 16) 2048 /.
V5.1 ,
, 
. 

, , ,
, 
, .

. 
, 
.

11 - Chap 8.p65

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224

a
: 
V5.2 
.
, 
, 
,
. 
, ,
. 

,
.

V5 . 8.3. 

LINK_CONTROL LINK_CONTROL_ACK.
, LINK_CONTROL_ACK 
, , ( 
, ),
2 .
8

3 ( )
0

1
2
3
4
5

. 8.3

V5.2

(Linkcontrol
function).

LINK_ CONTROL:
Linkidentificationrequest (). 
, 
, , 
, , 
, .
,

. ,

11 - Chap 8.p65

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V5.2

225


, 
V5.2 ,

.
, , 
. , , 
, 
, V5 
.

LINK_CONTROL: Linkidentificationrejection (
). . 8.4.

LINK_CONTROL: Linkidentificationrequest
LINK_CONTROL: Linkidentificationacknowledgement
LINK_CONTROL: Linkidentificationrelease
LINK_CONTROL: Linkidentificationrequest
LINK_CONTROL: Linkidentificationrejection

. 8.4

,
LINK_CON
TROL: Linkidentificationacknowledgement, 
. 
0 7 .
, , 
, 
LINK_CONTROL: Linkidentificationrelease. 
, . 
7
1.

LINK_CONTROL: Deferredlinkblockingre
quest ()
LINK_CONTROL: Nondeferredlinkblockingrequest (
). LINK_CONTROL: Deferred
linkblockingrequest , ,

15. ..

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226

, 
. LINK_CON
TROL: Nondeferredlinkblockingrequest , 
, , 
 (. 8.5).
, LINK_CONTROL: Non
deferredlinkblockingrequest
LINK_CONTROL: Linkblock, , .. 
, 
, .

LINK_CONTROL: Deferredlinkblockingrequest

LINK_CONTROL: Nondeferredlinkblockingrequest
LINK_CONTROL: Linkblock
LINK_CONTROL: Linkblock

. 8.5

,
, ,

V5. ,


, 
BCC,
, 
, 
. 
LINK_CONTROL: Linkblock,
, .

, 

, V5
.
,
LINK_CONTROL: Linkunblock. 
, LINK_CONTROL:
Linkunblock.

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V5.2

227

8.3 V5.2

6.2 6
V5.2 V5.1. , 
( V5.2) 
: , 
, :
, .
, , , ...
 , ;
, , (, . 4,
. 912).  
V5.2, 
, 
.
, , , .
, a
 , 
, .
, , 
, ..
.
,

V5.2. ,
, ,
, , 
.
, , 
2048 /. 
2 V5 (..
,
, , , 
). ,
,
, 1. ,
 1 
,  .
, 
.

. V5
, 

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228

, . 
. 8.6. a 
V5.2 ,
V5, a
, 
( 8.8).
8

 ( )

 ( )

4
5

. 8.6

8.8
K


7 6 5 4 3 2 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 0 K
SWITCH_OVER_REQ
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 K K SWITCH_OVER_COM
K K
OS_SWITCH_OVER_COM
0 0 1 1 0 1 0

SWITCH_OVER_ACK
0 0 1 1 0 1 1
K
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 K K
SWITCH_OVER_REJECT
0 0 1 1 1 0 1 K K
PROTOCOL_ERROR
K
RESET_SN_COM
0 0 1 1 1 1 0
K

RESET_SN_ACK
0 0 1 1 1 1 1
K

AN LE

8.8 
 
. 

. 
, 
Sequencenumber (
). 
, 
. ,
, 
PhysicalCchannel (C).

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V5.2

229


, SWITCH_OVER_REJECT 
Rejectioncause, 
, .
, 
,
, 
.

, OS_SWITCH_OVER_COM,

 .
SWITCH_OVER_COM,
, , 
.
[83], , 
, 
.
.8.7.

OS_SWITCH_OVER_COM
SWITCH_OVER_ACK

SWITCH_OVER_COM
SWITCH_OVER_ACK

. 8.7

SWITCH_OVER_ACK, 

 .
, SWITCH_OVER_REJECT.
SWITCH_ OVER_REQ,

.
, 
SWITCH_OVER_REJECT, 

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230

.
, 
.
V5.2
. 
, 

RESET_SN_COM, , 
. ,
RESET_SN_COM, RESET_SN_ACK,
, 0.
,
, .. 
.


. 
 ( 2
3 . 8.6) 0 (.. 
0).
V5.2
PROTOCOL_ERROR, 

Protocolerrorcause (), 
. 8.9.
, PROTOCOL_ERROR 

. 
, , ,
, 
.
8.9
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

11 - Chap 8.p65

6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

4
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1

3
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1

2
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0

1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1

230

21.07.2005, 15:54

V5.2

231

8.4
, 
V5.2.
, 
, 
V5.1 V5.2
, 
.
,
V5, 
.
V5 

. . ,
PORT_CONTROL COMMON_CONTROL,
, ,
. PORT_ CONTROL_ACK
COMMON_CONTROL_ACK . 

V5 6.3 6
. , ,
ISDN. 

, 3, 
,
.

, 
, 
. 
PORT_CONTROL PORT_ CONTROL_ACK 
(Controlfunctionelement).
PORT_CONTROL 
, ISDN ,
, ISDN: 
, , 
.
. 
, PORT_CONTROL: performancegrading
.
, 
, , 

11 - Chap 8.p65

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232

. , 
V5 .
, 
, ISDN 
ISDN ,
. 
. 
, ,
, AN/
PORT_CONTROL: blockrequest. LE/
PORT_CONTROL: block, , ,
, .
AN/PORT_CONTROL:
block .
AN/PORT_CONTROL: blockrequest
, 
AN/PORT_CONTROL: block
.
, 
,
.. . , 
PORT_CONTROL: block.
, 
PORT_CONTROL: unblock.
, 
PORT_CONTROL: block 
AN/PORTCONTROL: blockrequest 
PORT_CONTROL: unblock.
,
V5 
ITUT X.731 , 

TMN.
.731 V5 ,
.
COMMON_CONTROL COMMON_CONTROL_ACK

 (controlfunctionID).
, 
, ,
. 
COMMON_CONTROL: notreadyforreprovisioning (
) COMMON_CONTROL: cannotreprovision (
)

11 - Chap 8.p65

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V5.2

233

Rejectioncause (). COMMON_CONTROL:


variantandinterfaceID () 
.


. , 
,
.
3 4 ,
ISDN D 16 /.
, 

64 / V5.
, 
Ds, , 
D
ISDN. LE/PORT_CON
TROL: Dchannelblock (D),
LE/PORT_CONTROL: Dchannel
unblock (D).
ISDN
. a 
, 
AN/PORT_CONTROL: activationinitiatedbyuser (a
). , 
LE/PORT_CONTROL: activateaccess (),

. , 
AN/PORT_CONTROL: access
activated (). a 
, LE/
PORT_CONTROL: activateaccess.
a LE/PORT_CONT
ROL: deactivateaccess (). 
a AN/PORT_CONTROL:
accessdeactivated ().
COMMON_CONTROL 
V5, ,

.
COMMON_CONTROL: 
, , 
, , ,

11 - Chap 8.p65

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234

, ,
, ,  
.
, ,

. 
.
, 
V5, 
,
.
V5 ,
COMMON_CONTROL: restart. 

COMMON_CONTROL: restartacknowledge.
, COMMON_CONTROL: restart COMMON_CONTROL: re
startacknowledge, ,
, , COMMON_CON
TROL_ACK: restart COMMON_CONTROL_ACK: restartacknowledge.
( 2 
3) ,

. , ,

, .
,
, 

. 
PROTOCOL_ERROR 
[83] ,

. 
, , , .

11 - Chap 8.p65

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21.07.2005, 15:54

9
X.25
.
, .
..

9.1


OSI. ,
, , , 
.25,
, , .
,
(OSI Open Systems Interconnec
tion), 1984 
ISO 
ITUT, 
(), 
. 
OSI . 9.1.
OSI
, , 

, , ,
. , OSI, 
(layers) ,
.

, . , 
, 
. ,
, , 
.

12 - Chap 9.p65

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236


,
, 
.

. 9.1 OSI

1 ( )
, 
,
.
( , BER)
1 .
2 ( ) 
( 
), 1
.
2 
, 1, 

.

12 - Chap 9.p65

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X.25

237

3 ( ) 
, , 
, 
, (, 
, ) .
4 ( )
( ) 
( )
,
,
. 
, , , 3 
.
5 ( )
( ) 
. ,
5: , 
.
6 ( ) 

. , , ASCII EBCDIC
.
7 ( ) , 

, 
A B (. 9.1), ,
, OSI.
OSI,
.
, 13 
(
, , )

. 47 
,
.


, 
, , 
/ .
, , N ( N
), ,

12 - Chap 9.p65

237

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238

, .. , 
( N N).
N , 
(
, 
).
entity,
.
, N ( N
, , , , N
) , N
(N+1).


,
. ,
,
.
, 
(, 
, ).
,

,
A B. (N+1) , 
(, A), 
(N+1) , 
(, B). (N+1)
, B, , , 
. , 

, (peertopeer communication).

(N+1), A,
N A. (N+1) A 
N ,
, (N+1)
B. N A 
(N1) , , ,
(N2) ..,
1, 
, A B.
1 B, , 
2 

12 - Chap 9.p65

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X.25

239

, 3 ..
, 
(N+1) B.
, , .
(N+1) B A 
N, (N1) .. B,
1 A , , 
A 
B . 
A ,
(N+1).
. 9.2, , 
, 
.

(N+1)

(N+1)

(N+1)

N

N

. 9.2

(N) 
(N)
. , (N),
(N)PDU
(protocol data units).
(N)PDU (N) 
(N1) PDU
(N1)SDU (service data units), 
(N1). (N1) 
(N1)

12 - Chap 9.p65

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240

(N1),
(N1)SDU (N1)PDU, 
(N1)SDU (N1)
PCI (protocol control information). , (N1)PDU 
(N2) .. 
. 9.3.
(N)

(N)PDU

(N1)

(N1)SDU

(N)

(N-1)-PDU

(N1)PCI

(N1)
(N1)PDU

(N2)

. 9.3

9.2 .25
.25 
OSI, 
. 
.25
.
() , , 
, 
. 
.25 DTE (Data
Terminal Equipment)
DCE (Data CircuitTerminating Equipment), 
.
.25 6
1976 .,
1980 1984 . 80 .25 
, 
. ISDN,
3, 4 , 
.25.
X.25
LAPB (Link Access Protocol

12 - Chap 9.p65

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X.25

241

Balanced),
. 
, LAPB
,
2 (), , 
,
. , 
X.25, , 
, , ,
. , 
, 
.
.25 ( 60
) ,

. X.25 , 
. 
, , X.25 
, , 
, Frame Relay ( ).

.75

X.25

.75

.75

X.25

X.25

PAD

.75

. 9.4

. 9.4 .25 
.75 
PAD, 
(SNA, ..) .25.
X.25 ,

16. ..

12 - Chap 9.p65

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242

X.75
. , X.75
, 
.
, X.75 
, X.25 , 
.

9.3 .25
.25 ,
OSI (. 9.5). 
.25 DTE DCE.
.25 X21
X21.
,
HDLC (Highlevel Data Link Con
trol Procedure), 
. .25 
LAPB. ,
.
HDLC X25 
. LAPB
DCE DTE. 
( LAPD) . LAPB 
3 .25, , 
, 
ISDN. 3 .25
LAPD.
,
,
.
, .

.
.25 , . 9.6 [59]. 
/ 3 , 
. a 3 
. 4

DTE, . .

( 16 ).

12 - Chap 9.p65

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X.25

243

OSI



X.25

. 9.5 OSI .25


8

1
2

3
4

. 9.6 .25:

.25 OSI
, , .25
. .25
, 
. DTE
4095 . ,
15 255 . 
, 
.
. 
DTE DCE.
, DTE, 
.

. ,

(Virtual
Call service, VC)
(Permanent Virtual Circuit service, PVC).

12 - Chap 9.p65

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244

(virtual calls)
, ..
,
.
DTE, DE 
.
X25 .
.
DCE
DCE, DTE, 

. DTE
, DTE 
, , DTE.
DTE 
. , 
 ,
DTE ,
. 
DTE, .
(permanent virtual circuit)
DTE 
.
, 
, , .

9.4 .25
.25 ,
, 
.
.25 
. ,
, 
(MMSW) DX
200 Nokia.
.25
( ) . 

 (). 
:

IV
1913 [45].
 

12 - Chap 9.p65

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X.25

245

13.03.92, , 
, ,
19 : Quis custodiet ipsos cus
todes? ( ?). 
.25
, ISDN.
ISDN , .25
ISDN. .25 ISDN
31. , 

.25 ISDN ( 
ISDN).
,
Case A, ISDN .25
( )
.25. DTE .25
ISDN DCE .25 
. ISDN 
D
ISDN. D ISDN , 
DCE DTE 
ISDN 3 .25.  
.25.
Case
.25 ISDN. DTE 
ISDN, ISDN 
DCE .25. 
ISDN. 
ISDN 
LAPB 
, LAPB LAPD
D.
ISDN 
.25,

,
. ISDN, 1988 .,
.25
Frame Relay, 
.

.

12 - Chap 9.p65

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12 - Chap 9.p65

246

21.07.2005, 15:54

10

, : ,
, ,
(.1, .411)

10.1 TCP/IP OSI


:
, , ,
, , 
. 
, , , , ,
,
TCP/IP.
/IP 

(ARPA) 
Defense Data Network (DDN), AR
PANET MILNET.
, 
, ,
 . /IP
1982 ,
UNIX 4.2BSD.
/IP UNIX /IP
UNIX. 
/IP 
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), 
Ethernet /IP.

13 - Chap 10.p65

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248

10

/IP 
Sun NFS (Network File System)
. 
, 
, , /IP. 
/IP 
.
,
OSI
.


, , 
,  
/IP.
.10.1, IP 
OSI,
/IP  
.

.25,
OSI.

OSI

TCP/IP


(SMTP)


(FTP)


(Telnet)

TP
4
UDP

IP

ARP

Ethernet

. 10.1 OSI /IP

13 - Chap 10.p65

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249

OSI 
CP/IP , , 
CP/IP
SI.
SI 
, 
, , , . ,
, .25 
,
. , 
,
, , 

.
SI
.
,
(LOGIN) 
. , ,
.

.


. , , ,

;
.
OSI

/IP, , 
. 
CP/IP
SI, .10.1. ,
FTP, 
, FTAM, CP/IP,
, 
.400, OSI.
, , 
, 
. 


.
/IP OSI

13 - Chap 10.p65

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250

10

. 
, 
,

. , ,
FTAM FTP .400 SMTP.
,

(transportservice bridge). , 
, OSI /IP
. 
OSI, , /IP.

. TCP/IP , ,
100 , 
. TCP/IP
, 
,

.

10.2 TCP
( Transmission Control Pro
tocol) 
OSI, .

. ,
, , 
, 
. 
. 
,  
. 
TCP, UDP,
, TCP ,
, UDP 
.
IP,
X.25, ISDN Frame Relay.
10.7 FTP,
TELNET, NNTP .
PDU, .
PDU
. PDU,

13 - Chap 10.p65

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251

TCP IP, .
PDU,
IP Ethernet. ,
, , UDP, 
IP .

, . ,
. 
,
,

, 

.
, , . 
, 
, , 
. IP 
, . , 

. ,
, 
: Ethernet
, IP .  
. 10.2.
(source port) (destina
tion port) .
(16 )

(16 )

(32 )
(32 )
C U A P R S F

(6 ) R C S S Y I
(4 )
G K H T N N

(16 )

(16 )

(16 )

()

()

. 10.2

, TCP 
, ,
,
. ,
IP , 

13 - Chap 10.p65

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10

. 

16 , ,
TCP (, FTP, TELNET, 
SMTP, POP3 ..). 0 255
, 255
. 
,
TCP: FTP 20; FTP 21; TELNET 23;
SMTP 25; 42; 
53; POP2 109.
(sequence number) 32 
, .
TCP,
.
,
, .
(acknowledgement number) 

.
(4 ) , 
TCP, .. 32 
, . 
, , 
TCP. URG 
,
. (16
), 
, , . 
ACK 
,
. 
PSH .
, 
. RST
. , 
, , , 
. SYN 
, , 
, 
. FIN ,
, 
. (16 ) 
. , 
.

13 - Chap 10.p65

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253


, .
, .
(checksum) 16
, .
, IP 
IP, 
. 
, , 
. , 32
.

.
OPEN 
IP . 
OPEN 
, . 

SYN , 
.
, FIN.
, , , 
, PUSH
. PUSH
, 

.

, 
. 
, , 
.

10.3 UDP ICMP


UDP (user datagram protocol)


, .
TCP, UDP 
, UDP ,
, .
, 
,

13 - Chap 10.p65

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254

10



UDP. UDP ,


,
.
UDP .10.3 
TP.

. 
 (source port) (destinaion port),
(length) (hecksum). 
, , , 
(,
). , .
(16 )

(16 )

UDP (16 )

UPD (16 )

. 10.3 UDP

( ),
. 8.
UDP 16
16 ( ).
. ,

, ,
, 
. , 
, 
. 

ICMP (Internet Control Message
Protocol). TCP UDP, ICMP IP
, 
ICMP IP,
.
. 10.4 ICMP. 
ICMP IP
(Options) (Padding), TOS=0, Protocol=1.
ICMP ,
, ICMP, 

13 - Chap 10.p65

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255

, destination unreachable ( ).
13 . 

(8 )

(8 )

UPD (16 )

. 10.4 ICMP

, 
. ICMP 

, 
, PING (packet internetwork grou
per) TRACEROUTE, 
.
ICMP 
. ,
ICMP, , ,
. ,
ICMP IP, 
, IP 
.

10.4 IP
, IP
TCP. TCP 
, 

. ,
TCP, ,

IP. , , 

ICMP, 
3 .
IP .10.5.
(version, 4 ) IP
IP, .
IP ,
IP, , 
. , 
IP, 

13 - Chap 10.p65

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256

10

. 
4 6. (IHL Internet Header Length, 4 )
IP 32 . 
5.

IP
IP
IP ()

. 10.5 IP

(TOS Type of Service, 8 ) 


. 
QoS ( 
). ,
, 
, 
, , 
, 
. 
: PPP , D 
, T , R 
.
, ( 
,
)
. D , 
. 
. 1 
. 
,
. , 
( ), 
,
. 
.
R , ,

.
(tal Length, 16 ),
,

13 - Chap 10.p65

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257

, IP . 

.
, , 
, 65 535 , . .
2(161) . 
IP . 
, , 576 . 576
, 
, (64 )
( 512 ).
(Identification, 16 ) 
, ,
.

, , .
(flags) (fragmentation) 
, ,
, IP 
. 


, 
. 3 : 
, , 
.
64 . .
(TTL Time to live) ,
,
.
1 
,
. 
,

  . 
, , 

ICMP.
(protocol, 8 ) , 
IP. , TCP/IP, 
. 10.1
,
. , 

17. ..

13 - Chap 10.p65

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258

10

. (Header checksum, 16 
) 
. 
, IP 
. IP, 
IP
. 
IP .
10.1 ""

1
2
3
6
8
9
17

(ICMP)
(IGMP)
(GGP)
(TCP)
(EGP)
(IGP)
(UDP)

(,
), ,

. ,
IP, , . 
, .
, IP
(padding), 32
.
IP IP 
.

.
IP 
, ,
, 
IP.
, ,
, 

.
, IP. 
. ,
 
IP. ,
, ,


13 - Chap 10.p65

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259

. , 
, ..
.
, 
. , IP, 
.
IP, , 
. ,
, IP 
.
3 SAP

(LLC).
IP, ,
Ethernet Token Ring. IP 
(socket),
.
LLC 
IP , 
. 
( 
IP) 
( ).
UNIX 
1960 .
, 
IP . 
, IP
2005 2010 . IP
, , 
, ,
[102]. 
, 
2 . 
IP (Iv4) 
(IPng), Protocol ver
sion 6 (IPv6). IPv6 IP
128 32
IPv4,
296 . , IPv6

. (scope)
(multicast addressing)
(anycast address). IPv4,
.10.5,

13 - Chap 10.p65

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260

10

. ,
, ;

, 
. IPv6 


.
(version, 4 ) , 6.
(prior, 4 ) 

. 16
: 0 7 , 
, 8
15 ,
. ,
email, FTP, NFS, TELNET, Xinteractive. 
8 , 
, 15 
, .

IP
IP

. 10.6 IPv6

(flow label, 24 ) 
, , 
IPv6. , 
, 0
.
, 
( ). 

,
. 0, , 
.
1 FFFFFF. , 
, 
. ,

,
. , ,


13 - Chap 10.p65

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261

, . 
6 .
, 
. ,

6 .
(payload length, 16 ) 
, .
0, 65535,
Jumbo Payload () HopbyHop
Options. IPv6
(total length) IPv4, 
. (next header, 8
) ,
IPv6.
(protocol) IPv4 
IP UDP.

, ,
IHL (Internet Header Lehgth). (hop
limit, 8 ) (time to live) IPv4.
1 
, 0, 
.

10.5
,
TCP/IP , IP
,
, . 
IP ,
.
/IP
, , Ethernet. Ethernet 
Xerox 1970
, 

, , 
. Ethernet 
. 
/IP To
ken Ring LAN, WAN,
.25. 

13 - Chap 10.p65

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262

10

IP , 
(, 
) ,
. 
SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol).
(SLIP) 
.
, TCP/IP , 
. 
SLIP , 
, . ,
.
SLIP IP ( 
, IP)
. 
: END=192 ESC=219. SLIP 
END. 
. END,
ESC 220. 
, ESC,
ESC 221.
END.  PPP (PointtoPoint Protocol)
SLIP, 
.
PPP HDLC , 
IP. 
PPP LCP.

10.6 TCP/IP
, 10.1,
TCP/IP , 
, . 

EGP, BGP, UGRP, OSPF, ARP
RARP CIDR. 
,
FTP, TELNET NNTP.
, , ,
,
. 
, 
. ,
, (SMTP, POP3, IMAP4), 

13 - Chap 10.p65

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NNTP, HTTP World


Wide Web. . 10.1 , /IP 

TELNET, NFS, 
SNMP, 
RPC .
TELNET 
,
. TELNET 
NVT (Network Virtual
Terminal). TELNET ; 
, 
NVT, ( TELNET)

, ,
.
NFS (Network File System)
(
, ) 
. NFS 
NFS,
,
, 
. NFS, , UDP, 
, 
.
NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol) 
,
,
UseNet ( ).
HTTP
World Wide Web (WWW) ,
WWW, 
.

SNMP (Simple Network Management protocol) 
, 
.

10.7 TCP/IP
, , 
, , , , 
, 

13 - Chap 10.p65

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264

10

, ,
.
,
,

IP , , 
, 
IP.
, 
, 10 
, ,
. 
, 
, , 
6 .


ATM, 
xDSL, 2 
.

over TCP/IP.
,
7. ,
over TCP/IP 
7 
, .

,
. , ,
.
, over TCP/IP 
IP INAP MAP.

.

, lia tempora, alia mores
, .

.
, 
[105],
IP [106],
IP [107] .

13 - Chap 10.p65

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11
,

11.1



.
SNT, 
SNT7531, SNTlite, SNTsmart ,
, 
1 , 
2 .
, , 

ANT5 (Access Netwrk Tester), 
SNT7531 5 , 
V5. 
7, .323 DSS1, 

. 11.1 SNT.

14 - Chap 11.p65

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266

11

SNT 
, , 
,
, 
V5, DSS1, .25 ( ), 7, R1.5, H.323,
MGCP, MEGACO/H.248, SIP, SIPT . 
DSS1, QSIG
V5. V5 
45. 6896, 19.07.1996 . 
Q.511, Q.512 Q.513, 

() [46]. 
6, V5 
: 16, 15, 31.
 SNT 
. ISDN V.5, 
ISDN, 8 
..

. 11.1.  SNT7531 SNTlite




.


. 


/ ASCII . 

.

14 - Chap 11.p65

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2B+D

14 - Chap 11.p65

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V5

V5

SN

. 11.2. SNT

WLL

,
267

268

11



DSS1 V5.
SNT V5
. 11.2, 
, .
, .11.3 SNT 
PRI BRI 
DSS1.

ATC ISDN

BRI (DSS1)
PRI (DSS1,QSIG)
BRI (DSS1)

PRI (DSS1)
PRI (DSS1)

ATC ISDN

SNT
. 11.3. SNT

14 - Chap 11.p65

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269

11.2


xDSL, , .

ISDN, V5, IP
. , 
V5, 
, .11.4 . 11.5.

, 
V5.1 V5.2. ,


, 

1 V5.2,
SIP, MGCP, MEGACO/H.248.

, 
BroadAccess (. 11.4) V5.2
, , 
.

,
VoD (VideoonDemand)
.

[110],


V5overTDM SIPoverIP (.11.5), 
, ,

, 
Softswitch CISCO . ,
,
,
.11.5.

14 - Chap 11.p65

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14 - Chap 11.p65

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2 : , BRI,
BroardAccess

(RU)

PDH, SDH, ATM

ATC

2, BRI

BroardAccess

(RU)

LAN

IP Router

G.703

ADSL modem:
10BaseT 8MB/s

2, BRI,
E1: 2BCK, BRI... Optical Modem:
E1 G.703

:
" "  HDSL
" "  PDH SDH
:
PDH, SDH, ATM
BRI, PRI

E1, FE1

BroardAccess

(RU)

E1: 2BCK, V5.1, V5.2

FAX

. 11.4 BroadAccess

IP Router

Internet

:

ISDN

270
11

271

POTS
a/b

E1
V5.x, PRI

ISDN BRI

S
NT

POTS 1

SHDSL
IADA

POTS 8

SHDSL
IADD

10BaseT

SHDSL
IADE
IP

PRI
10BaseT

10BaseT

10BaseT

. 11.5.
, , 
, 
. NGN
(, Web) 

, .
, 
, 
. 
(DSS1, QSIG .) 
. . 11.1
, 
DSS1.

14 - Chap 11.p65

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272

11

11.1. DSS1

Alcatel OmniPCX Enterprise

""

/1339

Alcatel OmniPCX Office

""

/1293

AlcatelOmniPCX4400

Alcatel Business Systems

/1251

ANS

" "

/1344

Avaya Definity

Avaya

/1324

Avaya Definity

Avaya

/1359

Avaya IP Office

Avaya

/1331,
/1348
/1310
/1302
/1345

, K,
2 , BRI, PRI,
Ethernet 10/100 BaseT
( H.323, SIP)
2 , BRI, PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K,
PRI, 3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K,
PRI 3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI,
3 , Ethernet
10/100 BaseT ( H.323, SIP)
2 , BRI, PRI,
Ethernet 10/100 BaseT
( H.323), X.21, V.35, V.24
2 , BRI, PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K,
PRI3
2 , BRI, PRI,
Ethernet 10/100 BaseT
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3

BusinessPhone

Ericsson Enterprise AB

Coral

Tadiran Telecommunications

DCS

Ericsson Business Network AB

DRX4

""

/1312

ELTA200D

ELTAR

/1333

Harris 2020

RPK Enterprises Inc

/1298

Hicom 300E

"K"

/1232

HICOM300H

Siemens AG
"K"

/1269
/1328

E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI

HiPath3000

Siemens AG

/1315,
/1342

2 , BRI, PRI,
Ethernet 10/100 BaseT
( H.323)

/1341

2 , BRI, PRI

/1336
/1311
/1274

/1317

KAREL DS200s
LDK100
LDK300

"
"
Karel Electronik
LG Electronics Inc
LG Electronics Inc

MD110

Ericsson Enterprise AB

/1347

Meridian1

Nortel Networks

/1288

Integral

NEAX 2000/2400

NEC Corporation

/1306

NEAX 2400/7400

NEC Corporation
NEC Infrontia Corporation
(Nitsuko Corporation)

/1305

2 , BRI
2 , BRI, PRI
2 , PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI, Ethernet
10/100 BaseT ( H.323)
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI

/1292

2 , PRI

NITSUKO DXZ600
StarexCS

LG Electronics, Inc

OpenCom

DeTeWe

14 - Chap 11.p65

272

/1258
/1327
/1286,
/1332

E1 (2048 /c) 2K , PRI


2 , BRI, PRI

21.07.2005, 15:54

273

11.1 ()

Panasonic KXTDA100RU,
Panasonic KXTDA200RU
SI2000SI2000,
SI2000 320
Teltronics 2020

Teltronics Inc.

Matsushita Electric Industrial


IskraTel

/1334
/1155
/1329
/1295

, K,
2 , BRI, PRI,
Ethernet 10/100 BaseT
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K,
PRI 3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3

Varix Content 840/R

" "

/1335

1024

"K "

/1289

""

/1318

/1265

K

SIA VEFKTR,
"",
"K",
"",
"

/1233
/1234
/1236
/1237
/1299

E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI


3

"2001"

/1326,
/1330

2 , PRI

K

" K"

/1325

100/140

""

/1309

200

""

/1297

DX500

""

/1250

D4000

" "

/1323

" "

/1316

""

/1313

""
""

/1291
/1304
/1343

/1  51

""

/1276

""

/1301

E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI


3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3/4
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
4
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3/4/6
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3
E1 (2048 /c) 2K, PRI
3

DSS1

, 
.
,
[107] [111]. 

DSS1 , , 
.

18. ..

14 - Chap 11.p65

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274

11

11.3

11 .

, 
. , , 
WLL
VSM , 

V5.
CSM
2 DSS1, 
ISDN DSS1.

, , 11.2 
.

, . 
,
VSM.
11.2

ISM
USM
CSM
RSM
SM
VSM

,
DSS1
K7, MTP,
ISUPR
E1 c
2K
,
DSS1
,
DSS1
K7, ,
ISUPR

.2
K7,
.1
.3,4
MTP, ISUPR
.10
.1
E1 c
.1
.10
2K
.4
.1
,
.2
.4
DSS1
.3,4

.2
.1

.3,4
.7
""
.2
.25
.2
.3,4
()
.9
.1
.2
V5
.10
.68

1 2 
,
, , 7 DSS1. 
, 
, DSS1
, 7 
.

14 - Chap 11.p65

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275



7 DSS1
ISM, 
. 
10 
ISUPR,
,
, . 


,
.
, 
, 
. 
.
ISM
: , 
3 DSS1 ISUPR 7.

,

.
, 
, 

. .
, 
, . 
,
, .

, . 
, 
, 
.
, 
2 , 
SDL MSC [55]. MSC
7 DSS1
.11.6 11.7.
3 DSS1 
7 ,
DSS1
ISUPR.

14 - Chap 11.p65

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276

11


DSS1 ISUP
R, 
.

. 11.6 11.7 : 
. 
DSS1; . 
,
. 
, ..

.
SETUP,
. 
SETUP ,
. ISUP 
IAM ,
CALL PROCEEDING, 
, .
IAM
,
. , IAM
, , 
IAM, ,
, 
, , 
, SETUP,
ADRESSCOMPLETE, 
, 
.
SETUP 
CALL PROCEEDING, 
, .
, . 
,
(.. ),
ALERTING. ,
, CALL PROGRESS
, , ,
CALL PROGRESS . ,
, ALERT
ING. (, 
), CONNECT, 
CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE .

14 - Chap 11.p65

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277

.
, 
DISCONNECT. , 
RELEASE . 
RELEASE COMPLETE,
RELEASE . RE
LEASE, DISCONNECT,
 RELEASE COMPLETE. , , 
RELEASE ATC 
RELEASE COMPLETE. 
.11.6.
(.11.7).
(.. 
SETUP IAM), 
(.. SETUP 
IAM) .
, 
DSS1 .
DSS1 SETUP, 

. DSS1 ,
 (setup_indication)
. 
, ,
. , 
DSS1  proceeding_request, 
CALL PROCEEDING . 
, , 
,
ISUP IAM 
 setup_request.
ISUP IAM 
. 

, ,
.
ISUP 
ACM,
 proceeding_indication, ,
, , .

, 
, .

14 - Chap 11.p65

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14 - Chap 11.p65

278

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

SETUP

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

ANSWER

CALL PROGRESS

ADDRESS COMPLETE

IAM
IAM

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

ANSWER

CALL PROGRESS

ADDRESS COMPLETE

SETUP

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

. 11.6

278
11

21.07.2005, 15:54

279

, , , 
, 
, .
ISUP
CALL PROGRESS, , .

 alerting_indication, ,
, , 
. DSS1 
 alerting_request, 
ALERTING,
.
, ISUP
ANSWER. 

setup_confirmation, 


 setup_responce DSS1,
CONNECT .
CONNECT , 
. .
DSS1 
, , , DIS
CONNECT DSS1 . DIS
CONNECT
 disconnect_ indication.

. , ISUP
 release_request 
, ,
RELEASE . , 

. ,
, , 
DSS1  release_request,
RELEASE
DSS1 . 
,
DSS1 ISUP 
release_confirmation. 
DSS1 
, , 

.

14 - Chap 11.p65

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14 - Chap 11.p65

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21.07.2005, 15:54

Release_confirmation

Release_request

Setup_confirmation

Alerting_indication

IAM

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

ANSWER ()

CALL PROGRESS

ADDRESS COMPLETE

ISUP

Proceeding_indication

Setup_request

. 11.7.

Release_confirmation

Release_request

Disconnect_indication

Setup_response

Alerting_request

Proceeding_request

Setup_indication

RELEASE COMPLETE

RELEASE

DISCONNECT

CONNECT

ALERTING

CALL PROCEEDING

SETUP

DSS1

DSS1

280
11

281


(, 
). 
VSM
(.11.8), 
V5 DSS1, [109].

V5.2

DSS1
1

VSM
1 ... 3

. 11.8. V5DSS1


:
, . ,
3.

, 
3.
.
.
, , 
VB5, ATM, BISDN, ADSL, 
.
 . 
, 
, 

.
:
, .

14 - Chap 11.p65

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1. .., .., .., .. 
.
.: , 1971.
2. ..
. .: , 1958.
3. .. . .: 
, 1956.
4. .. ISDN FRAME RELAY: 
. .: , 1999.
5. . SNMPV3// , 1998. 12.
6. .., .., .. . 
. . .: , 1987.
7. . : , , . .: ,
1990.
8. . . , ,
: . . .: , 1991.
9. .. . .: 
, 1953.
10. .., .., .., ..,
.. . .:
, 1995.
11. .. 90//
, 1993. 9.
12. .., .. 
. .: , 1965.
13. .. . 3 ., . .
.: , 2001. .1.
14. 1849078. . .
15. 2555482. 
. ,
.
16. 715385. .
17. ., . . . :
. . ..
, 1993.
18. . : . . . . /
. . . .: , 1995.

15 - Literature.p65

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283

19. .. 
. III . 
(ICINAS),
, 1994.
20. . : , 
. .: , 1989.
21. .., .. 
. .: , 1993.
22. .., .. ISDN //
, 1999.  1.
23. .. . .: ,
1986.
24. ., . ., ., .
. . ./ . .. . .:
, 1982.
25. .., ..
. .: , 1972.
26. .., .., .. 
. 
, . .: , 1993. .42.
27. . Internet. ., BHV, 1998.
28. . :
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