Cu 1: Phng php tng qut kho st 1 h in c ?

H in c l h thng dng bin i in nng thnh c nng v khng ch t ng c

nng . Phn c bn h c in l h thng t ng iu chnh truyn ng in
Khi thit k hay kho st h c in ta phi m bo h thc hin c tt c cc yu cu
c t ra, p ng yu cu v cng ngh, cc ch tiu cht lng v cc yu cu v kinh t.
Cht lng ca h c in gm cht lng tnh v ng. Trong trng thi tnh th yu cu quan
trng l chnh xc iu chnh, ng th yu cu v n nh v cc ch tiu v qu iu
chnh, thi gian qu trnh qu , tc iu chnh, s ln dao ng... trong yu cu v n
nh l quan trng nht.
thc hin kho st h c in, ta quy h v cc bi ton, vi h c cu trc n gin ta
dng phng php c tnh tn s, phng php phn b nghim, phng php h in hnh
cc loi v hm chun modun ti u, moodun i xng. Vi h c cu trc phc tp, ta p dng
phng php khng gian trng thi hoc tng hp h dng my tnh s vi ngn ng chuyn
dng. Vi cc h iu khin s v c bn cng da trn cc phng php tng hp lin tc, ring
i vi h phi tuyn cn c phng php tng hp ring.
Cc tiu ch c bn kho st 1 h c in gm:
+ c tnh truyn ti, c tnh h truyn ng in
+ Phm vi iu chnh tc
+ trn ( bng phng) iu chnh
+ Sai lch tnh
Cu 2: Gii thch s dn t ca St ?
St c tnh nhim t (b nam chm ht v st cng c th nhim t tr thnh nam chm)
Ta minh ha bng cch thc hin mt th nghim t St gn 1 thanh Nam chm th St b Nam
chm ht. Ta gii thch 1 cch c th nh sau:
a s vt cht u do cc phn t cu to thnh, phn t do cc nguyn t to nn, nguyn t li
do cc nhn nguyn t v cc ht in cu to thnh. Cc ht in lin tc vn ng trong
nguyn t v xoay chuyn xung quanh ht nhn nguyn t, hai loi vn ng ny s sinh ra t
tnh. Nhng, trong a s cc vt cht, phng thc vn ng ca cc ht in l hon ton khc
nhau v rt hn lon, iu ny lm cho hiu ng t bn trong cc vt cht t trit tiu ln nhau. V
vy, trong trng hp bnh thng, cc vt cht u khng c t tnh.
Cn nam chm li khc. Nam chm thng c lm t cc nguyn liu st t nh st, coban,
nikken hoc st oxit T tnh ca nam chm ch yu bt ngun t s vn ng ca cc ht in.
trong cht st t, cc ht in t c th t chuyn ng v sp xp mt cch t pht trong phm
vi nh, tc l trong phm vi nguyn t nh b, cc ht in t c th duy tr phng hng t
vn ng ging nhau v hnh thnh nn mt vng t t pht nh. Vng t t pht ny gi l loi
t. Loi t c ln nh khc nhau, mi loi t chim khong 10-9 cm khi v cha khong 1015
nguyn t. Do phng hng t tnh ca cc ht in t trong mt loi t l ging nhau nn cc
t tnh tng cng ln nhau. Mt loi t tng ng vi mt nam chm nh, th nam chm
chnh l do mt s lng ln cc nam chm nh nh vy to thnh.

Trc khi nhim t, phng hng t tnh ca cc loi t bn trong nam chm l khc nhau,
chng hng v mi pha, kt qu l cc t trng c phng khc nhau s trit tiu ln nhau v
khng th hin t tnh ra bn ngoi. Tuy nhin, khi c tng thm t trng bn ngoi vo,
chng s ln lt sp xp men theo hng t trng, c gi l nam chm nhim in v tr
thnh mt ming nam chm. Cc ht in trong cc cht khng phi l st nh ng, nhm, ch
mc d tng t trng bn ngoi, nhng chng vn khng chu sp xp theo trt t m vn
ng mt cch hn lon, v vy nhng vt cht ny khng b nhim t v cng khng c t tnh.
Nam chm c th ht st chnh l do nam chm c t tnh. Khi gn ming st, t trng ca nam
chm s lm cho ming st b nhim t, gia nam chm v ming st c cc t khc nhau nn s
to ra lc ht, ming st s dnh cht vo ming nam chm. Cn cc kim loi khc nh ng,
nhm, ch li khng b t trng ca nam chm lm cho nhim t v khng sinh ra t tnh, v
vy, nam chm khng th ht c nhng kim loi ny.