HISTORY OF URBAN PLANNING

IDEAL SIZE OF A CITY = 10,000 20,000 (by Aristotle)

HIPPODAMUS

Gridiron Layout

City in the form of Grid

PIRAEUS, Athens Harbor

NEOPOLIS New Town

PALEOPOLIS Old Town

URBAN DESIGN

GREEK Sense of finite

Romans Political Power & Organization

USE OF SCALE

GREEK based on Human Measurements

Romans Proportion that would relate to the Parts

of the Building

Settlements Rectilinear & Circular

MODULE

GREEK use of House

Romans use of Street

FORM

A Latin word meaning Open Space or Market Place

Administrative & Corporate Heart of Rome

REPUBLICAN FORUM Roman Forum

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Designed by Vitruvius
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Proportion 3:2 (Length to Width)
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Small Area, 6 acres
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Architectural Masses, Full of Odd Corners
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Curia Senate House

ANCIENT GREECE

Acropolis

Agora

ANCIENT ROME

Republican Forum

Imperial Forum

MEDIEVAL ERA

Decline of Rome

Urban Settings Military Strongholds, Castles,

Monasteries

RENAISSANCE ERA

Ideal Cities
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Accomplishments of Early Renaissance
Public Works & Civil Improvement of Projects
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Leon Battista Alberti Foremost, Theoretical
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Rebuilding the Ferrara 1ST Modern City
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Palazzo Diamenti Most Famous Structures
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Biaggio Rosetti Earliest Modern Urban
Designers
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Leonardo Da Vinci Sketched a City
Straddling River

Proposed Movable Houses

Anticipated the Greenbelt Concept

Satellite Town for Workers

REBUILDING LONDON

Several Designers :
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Christopher Waren
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John Evelyn Robert Hooke
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Valentine Knight
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John Gwynn Produced The Plan of London
(1716)

INDUSTRIAL TOWNS

Tony Garnier - French Architect

Frederick Law Olmsted

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Pioneer of American Park System
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Central Park in New York
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Cities planned for generations ahead
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Maintain sufficient breathing space

GARDEN CITY MOVEMENT

Ebenezer Howard
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Garden City Concept
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Tomorrow: A Peaceful Path to Social Reform

Letchworth 1st Garden City

SCIENTIFIC APPROACH

Connurbation
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The Wave of the Population Inflow to Large
Cities
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Wave of Backflow

CITY BEAUTIFUL MOVEMENT

Golden Age of Urban Design (Termed the City

Beautiful Era)

Worlds Fair

As a Civic Art

As Urban Renewal Operations

Civic Centers ( City Hall, Country Courthouse,

Library, Museum & Plaza)

Public Works ( Bridges, Rivers, Colleges &

Universities, Railroads)

City as a Whole

Daniel Burnham Make No Little Plans, They

have no Magic to stir Mans Blood

ARCHITECTS IN URBAN PLANNING

Eliel Saarinen

Le Corbusier
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Une Ville Contemporaine
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Plan Voisin (Neighborhood Plan)
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Le Plan de Paris
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Spokesman International Movement
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Chandigrah, India Designed Entire City

IMPERAIL FORUM Urban Space

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Architectural or Urban Masses were made
Subordinate to Spaces
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Composed of Piazas formed by Colonnades
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Colonnade serve as Transition (Spacious,
Open, Sense of Openness)

Don Arturo Soria Y Mata

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La Ciudad Lineal
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Stalingrad (Planned Linear City)
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Created Madrids 1st Streetcar & Telephone
System

THE CONVENTIONISTS & PARK MOVEMENT

George Perkins Marsh

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Founder of Modern Conservation
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Man & Nature

Une Cite Industrielle (1901- 1904)

Anticipated the Modern Day Zoning
Plan is incredibly Detailed

Louis Khan Central Philadelphia

Kenzo Tange Plan for Tokyo

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Circulation as a Determinant of Urban Form

Frank Lloyd Wright Disappearing City

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Broadacres every Family on acreland
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Changed Scheme
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Full Mile High Skyscraper
Constantine Dioxadis Arch Transition
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Ekistics Grid System for Recording
Planning Data & Ordering Planning Process
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Ekistics Science of Human Settlement