IDEAL SIZE OF A CITY = 10,000 20,000 (by Aristotle)
HIPPODAMUS
Gridiron Layout
City in the form of Grid
PIRAEUS, Athens Harbor
NEOPOLIS New Town
PALEOPOLIS Old Town
URBAN DESIGN
GREEK Sense of finite
Romans Political Power & Organization
USE OF SCALE
GREEK based on Human Measurements
Romans Proportion that would relate to the Parts
of the Building
Settlements Rectilinear & Circular
MODULE
GREEK use of House
Romans use of Street
FORM
A Latin word meaning Open Space or Market Place
Administrative & Corporate Heart of Rome
REPUBLICAN FORUM Roman Forum
o Designed by Vitruvius o Proportion 3:2 (Length to Width) o Small Area, 6 acres o Architectural Masses, Full of Odd Corners o Curia Senate House
ANCIENT GREECE
Acropolis
Agora
ANCIENT ROME
Republican Forum
Imperial Forum
MEDIEVAL ERA
Decline of Rome
Urban Settings Military Strongholds, Castles,
Monasteries
RENAISSANCE ERA
Ideal Cities o Accomplishments of Early Renaissance Public Works & Civil Improvement of Projects o Leon Battista Alberti Foremost, Theoretical o Rebuilding the Ferrara 1ST Modern City o Palazzo Diamenti Most Famous Structures o Biaggio Rosetti Earliest Modern Urban Designers o Leonardo Da Vinci Sketched a City Straddling River
Proposed Movable Houses
Anticipated the Greenbelt Concept
Satellite Town for Workers
REBUILDING LONDON
Several Designers : o Christopher Waren o John Evelyn Robert Hooke o Valentine Knight o John Gwynn Produced The Plan of London (1716)
INDUSTRIAL TOWNS
Tony Garnier - French Architect
Frederick Law Olmsted
o Pioneer of American Park System o Central Park in New York o Cities planned for generations ahead o Maintain sufficient breathing space
GARDEN CITY MOVEMENT
Ebenezer Howard o Garden City Concept o Tomorrow: A Peaceful Path to Social Reform
Letchworth 1st Garden City
SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
Connurbation o The Wave of the Population Inflow to Large Cities o Wave of Backflow
CITY BEAUTIFUL MOVEMENT
Golden Age of Urban Design (Termed the City
Beautiful Era)
Worlds Fair
As a Civic Art
As Urban Renewal Operations
Civic Centers ( City Hall, Country Courthouse,
Library, Museum & Plaza)
Public Works ( Bridges, Rivers, Colleges &
Universities, Railroads)
City as a Whole
Daniel Burnham Make No Little Plans, They
have no Magic to stir Mans Blood
ARCHITECTS IN URBAN PLANNING
Eliel Saarinen
Le Corbusier o Une Ville Contemporaine o Plan Voisin (Neighborhood Plan) o Le Plan de Paris o Spokesman International Movement o Chandigrah, India Designed Entire City
IMPERAIL FORUM Urban Space
o Architectural or Urban Masses were made Subordinate to Spaces o Composed of Piazas formed by Colonnades o Colonnade serve as Transition (Spacious, Open, Sense of Openness)
Don Arturo Soria Y Mata
o La Ciudad Lineal o Stalingrad (Planned Linear City) o Created Madrids 1st Streetcar & Telephone System
THE CONVENTIONISTS & PARK MOVEMENT
George Perkins Marsh
o Founder of Modern Conservation o Man & Nature
Une Cite Industrielle (1901- 1904)
Anticipated the Modern Day Zoning Plan is incredibly Detailed
Louis Khan Central Philadelphia
Kenzo Tange Plan for Tokyo
o Circulation as a Determinant of Urban Form
Frank Lloyd Wright Disappearing City
o Broadacres every Family on acreland o Changed Scheme o Full Mile High Skyscraper Constantine Dioxadis Arch Transition o Ekistics Grid System for Recording Planning Data & Ordering Planning Process o Ekistics Science of Human Settlement
