157551SM (B)-8

Page 1 of 33

1.
Introduction to Lubrication System

Lubrication system is to supply lube oil for support & thrust bearing
and turning gear, pressure oil for the overspeed tripping device of
control system. The system can meet requirement of oil supply in
startup, shutdown, normal operation and off-design condition.

The system is composed of main oil pump driven by main shaft of

steam turbine, oil ejector, shaft jacking device turning gear, fume
discharging device, oil tank, H.P startup oil pump, AC lube oil pump,
DC emergency oil pump, oil level indicator, oil level switch,LP oil
overflow valve ,lube oil filter & pipes, valves and various
instruments.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 2 of 33

2.
Oil Supplying System
2.1
Lube Oil

,
32L-TSA GB11120-89

The system should adopt the refined mineral oil of high and
uniform quality with preservative and anti-oxidant. In addition, it
shall be free of foreign matter which will impact the performance
of lube oil. The turbine oil designation shall be 32L-TSA
(GB11120-89).

In order to keep high quality of lube oil and protect the parts of
lubrication system and parts of steam turbine from being worn,
some special consideration shall be made to the performance of
lube oil. The basic is the cleanliness, physical and chemical
performance, proper storage and management as well as right oil
filling method.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 3 of 33

In order to lengthen the service life of parts and components of

steam turbine, there are strict requirements for the cleanliness
and oil temperature. The evaluation for the oil flushing, oil
sampling as well as oil cleanliness level before start-up of steam
turbine shall be performed according to national standard.
2.2
Lube Oil Dispose And Matters Need Attention

This instruction book just gives suggest for holding and

handling the lube oil, then it will give some matters need attention
when lube oil system working.
2.2.1
Quality Of Lube Oil

The system should adopt the refined mineral oil of high and

157551SM (B)-8

Page 4 of 33

uniform quality with preservative and anti-oxidant. In addition, it

shall be free of foreign matter which will impact the performance of
lube oil.

Lube should prevention steel parts rustiness, removing

altogether wet steam is impossible ,so this capacity very important.

For proving the lube oil is qualitication or not , fume extraction

assay is necessary.
2.2.2
Oil Sampling Taking In Working Time

To avoid bearing, bearing location and pump over abrade, how

to maintenance the lube oil on the right way is very important. So
periodic analyzing to sure the quality of lube oil is requirement. If
the quality of lube oil has changed, the reasons should be looked
up, and solving problems as soon as possible.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 5 of 33

Oil sampling taking must implement by international standard,

its allowed impurity would be saw in the list, include soft and hard
granule. The numeric just for lube oil in working duration.

Impurity allowing standard

100

Allowing granule
Impurity allowing size(m)
numerical/100mml
5-10

32000

10-25

10700

25-50

1510

50-100

225

100-250

21

over 250

157551SM (B)-8

Page 6 of 33

2.2.3
Anticipation Code Before Wash

Attention: manipulate preparation and process specification of

washing must proceed after large-repair and need less time than
the first washing, system knocking down and fluctuation workload
are smaller. Considerations in steam turboset inspection ,trip out
time would not be influenced. But, steam turboset inspection
dimension decision the washing workload. Just low pressure
cylinder be knocked down to repair, only wash the LP cylinder is our
suggestion; but knock down all the steam terboset to repair,
washing all the bearing lube system and all the governing system is
our suggestion.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 7 of 33

No matter, good auxiliary operation and manage make less

time to wash.

Muck, sweeps, rag cuttings and other impurity would be

cleaned out in time from bearing box, because those chip can lead
to foreign substance stacking. All the bearing and bearing box be
capped when washing or off working state.

If drilling, flame cutting or scraping is necessary, around

working point must be protected, and must be dislodged relict in
time. If moving oil pipe is necessary, the pipe would be dislodged by
machine. When new pipes be used, the pipe must be treated by
machine or chemistry method.

All parts of bearing must be washed and checked before oil

157551SM (B)-8

Page 8 of 33

charge in the system, washing and checking the important parts of

lube oil system will be saw under.
2.2.3.1
Oil Tank

150
Drain and cleaning up the oil tank, make sure the inner surface
of oil tank is clear. Lube oil must through a filter which has 150
description.
2.2.3.2
Oil Cooler

No washing over two years, shell and pipe bundle of oil cooler
should be taken down to clean.
2.2.3.3
Bearing Box

157551SM (B)-8

Page 9 of 33

Checking and cleaning very bearing box, make sure the inner
surface of bearing box is clear. Protecting cover of thrust bearing
must be checked and cleaned, so knock down the bush of thrust
bearing is necessary.
2.2.3.4
Oil Pipe

Knocking down and cleaning oil pipe washing flange. Using

two pumps on the top of oil tank to accomplishment wash when
anticipation.

150
Two pumps operation in the same time, oil space of tank which
conterminous with strainer, its oil level rise to prefill position. So
very spill point should be assembled a temporary filter which has
150 description. After washing but before starting knock down
those filters.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 10 of 33

There will be fired if hot oil fog contact naked flame, so when
washing beginning must be nothing about fire. In the zone of steam
turbine and oil tank should preparation convenience activity
annihilator.

The pipe which could be touched by human can knock or

shake lightness for clear welding slag when welding in the job site.
But never do it when turboset is working. If this case has to happen,
must do something to protect.
2.2.5
System Recovery To Normal State

After steam turbine washing and before write down, all

temporary filter screen must clean out to avoid oil circuit clog. After

157551SM (B)-8

Page 11 of 33

sure system is clear and all bearing are assemblage, barring gear
can be started.
2.3
Equipment of Oil Supplying System

Lubrication system is mainly composed of the equipment as

follows:

2.3.1
OIL TANK

Q235-A
2532mm 6800mm 20.658
m3 22 m3

One horizontal cylindrical oil tank with normal operation oil level of
20.658 m3 is rolled and welded by steel plate Q235-A. O.D=
2532mm, L=6800mm, Max. effective volume 22 m3, when regular
service its bulk is 20.658 m3, when oil level maximizing its bulk is
22 m3, which is big enough to separate air from oil and deposit
moisture and impurities in oil.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 12 of 33

In order to observe oil level, an oil level indicator was installed on

the cover of oil tank with travel transmitter and remote transducer
which could indicate oil level on the spot and remote alarm. There
are two oil level switch on the tank , one be used for alarm when oil
level over high or over low, and the other be used for taking on/off
when oil level over high or over low.

AC lube pump, DC emergency oil pump, H.P start-up oil pump, oil
level indicator and oil level switch are all installed on the cover of oil
tank. 2 oil ejectors, 2 electrical heaters, connecting pipe and valves
are installed inside the oil tank. Manhole is prepared on the oil tank
for repair and cleaning. Besides, inlet, return port of oil cooler, oil
purifier, oil tank and guarded oil pipeline joints are arranged on oil
tank, and emergency discharge, drains are arranged on bottom of
oil tank.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 13 of 33

2 oil ejectors were suspended in oil tank. 2 oil filters were installed
in oil tank. Per one filter was consisted of two same rows of filter
plate. Filter can be taken out from manhole for cleaning. In order to
discharge fume and vapor from oil tank, a port for discharging fume
is arranged on cover, which is connected with the fume discharging
device.

27C-38C
2 electrical heaters are provided in oil tank. When the temp inside
oil tank is above or below to the control value, the temp controller
shall control start and shutdown of heaters, to keep temp in the best
state. The temp controller is set at 27C-38C.

2.3.2
Main Oil Pump

#
##

157551SM (B)-8

Page 14 of 33

Main oil pump is arranged inside the front bearing box, during
start-up, oil must be supplied to the main oil pump (MOP) inlet. The
MOP inlet piping is connected with I# oil ejector outlet and MOP
outlet piping is connected with 1# & 2# oil ejector inlets.
After reducing flow another way in the meantime go to an
overspeed machine and hand trip header.

During normal operation, MOP supplies all oil for turbo-generator.

3000 r/min

5000 L/min

1.96 MPa(g)
0.981 MPa(g)

Data are given as follows:

Speed: 3000r/min
Flow: 5000L/min
Outlet Pressure: 1.96MPa(g)
Inlet Pressure: 0.981MPa(g)

157551SM (B)-8

Page 15 of 33

2.3.3
Auxiliary Oil Pump

a
HP startup oil pump

It is an screw oil pump. Because MOP cannot be put into operation

during startup, the startup oil pump must be put into service, to
supply oil to the control system. The data are given as follows:

SNH280R46U12.1-W27

539 L/min

2.0 MPa(g)
YB200L1-2
30KW
2950 r/min
400V

Pump type SNH280R46U12.1-W27

Flow 539 L/min
Outlet press 2.0 MPa(g)

157551SM (B)-8

Page 16 of 33

Motor type YB200L1-2

Motor power 30 KW
Working speed 2950r/min
Voltage 400V

b
AC Lube Oil Pump

#
0.07MPa(g
A lube pump driven by AC motor is installed on oil tank cover, which
is centrifugal and immerged type. Oil is discharged through two
ways: one is to bearing header through oil cooler, and the other is
to #1 oil ejector outlet through throttle plate. The AC lube pump
shall be put into operation during startup, shutdown and lube
pressure below 0.07MPa(g).

3200L/min

0.4MPa(g)
2970r/min
45KW

157551SM (B)-8

Page 17 of 33

400V

Data are given as follows:

Flow3200L/min
Outlet press0.4MPa(g)
Working speed2970r/min
Motor power45KW
Working voltage400V

c
DC Emergency Oil Pump

0.05MPa(g)
An emergency oil pump driven by DC motor is installed on oil tank
cover. It has same structure and feature with AC lube oil pump and
severs as spare pump for AC lube oil pump. It shall be put into
service in emergent condition only, for instance, AC power off, or
lube oil pressure is below0.05MPa(g)

3200L/min

157551SM (B)-8

Page 18 of 33

0.4MPa(g)
3000r/min
Z2-72
40KW
DC220V

Data are given as follows:

Flow 3200L/min
Outlet press 0.4MPa(g)
Working speed 3000r/min
Motor type Z2-72
Motor power 40KW
Working voltage DC220V

2.3.4
Oil Ejector

Oil ejector is installed in oil tank, which consist of nozzle, mixing

157551SM (B)-8

Page 19 of 33

chamber, throat and diffuser. Oil from MOP is accelerated when

passing nozzle and then goes through the mixing chamber and
creates a negative pressure area to absorb oil from tank to mixing
chamber. The absorbed oil enters throat area together with high
speed oil. The oil enters diffuser through throat area and the kinetic
energy of oil is transferred into pressure energy in diffuser. A check
valve is installed in the oil inlet of mixing chamber to prevent oil
from returning to tank when MOP working. The system is equipped
with 2 oil ejectors in parallel connection.

##

#1 oil ejector is for MOP oil admission and #2 oil ejector is for lube
oil system. Data are listed as follows:

+50

#
+50

4423 0 L/min

3100 0 L/min

0.20 0+0.02 MPa(g)

0.40 0+0.02 MPa(g)

1.96 0+0.02 MPa(g)

1.96 0+0.02 MPa(g)

# oil ejector
Flow

# oil ejector

+50

+50

4423 0 L/min

3100 0 L/min

157551SM (B)-8

Page 20 of 33

0.20 0+0.02 MPa(g)

0.40 0+0.02 MPa(g)

Working pressure1.96 0+0.02 MPa(g)

1.96 0+0.02 MPa(g)

Outlet pressure

2.3.5
Shaft Jacking Device

Before turbo-generator startup and shutdown, put the shaft jacking

device into operation for jacking up rotor, and reducing the friction
coefficient between journal and bearing, so that turning gear could
be smoothly put into operation.

()

Shaft jacking device consists of 2 motorsone is AC and another is

DC that drive axial plunger pump (one in operation, one for spare

157551SM (B)-8

Page 21 of 33

use), oil filter, throttle valve, collector, and etc. Oil from lube oil
header is introduced to plunger pump inlet through oil filter. HP oil
from the outlet of axial plunger pump is led into the collector, and
then to the connector for all bearings through each branch pipe.
Throttle valve and one-way valves are arranged in the branch pipe
for adjusting jacking height of bearing and preventing effect
between bearings. The throttle valve is applicable for jacking oil
pressure adjustment and check valve for prevent the unit from
leakage of pressure oil at all bearings as operating. A safety valve
is equipped on the collector to limit the oil pressure and avoid oil
pressure more than allowable max. value for oil supply system.
Data are listed as follows:

A3H37-FR01KK-10-X33
25MPa(g)
37.1ml/r
16ml/r

YB2-200L-4 B35

30KW
1470r/min

22KW
1500r/min

157551SM (B)-8

Page 22 of 33

Oil pump typeA3H37-FR01KK-10-X33

Outlet pressure25MPa(g)
Geometry output37.1ml/r
Min. control output16ml/r
AC Motor
Motor modelYB2-200L-4

B35

Motor output30KW
Working speed1470r/min
DC Motor
Motor output22KW
Working speed1500r/min

2.3.6
Turning gear

4.3 / 7.5KW
The turning gear can be put into operation manually or
automatically, that is, both manual and electric turning are
applicable. Turning speed is about 4.3r/min and motor power is
7.5KW.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 23 of 33

When turning gear works, motor will drive the big gears on turbine
rotor through reducer and active

gears,

and

then

drive

turbo-generator rotors.

Oil pipes are arranged inside turning gear device. Lube oil from
lube system supplies to all the turning parts to avoid friction. When
lube system pressure decreases to a certain value, oil pressure
drop relay will act to cut off motor power and stop turning gear
operation.

2.3.7
Fume Discharger

The system is equipped with a set of fume discharging device, for

removing fume caused by decomposing and heating oil as bearing
friction loss and blowing action of rotating parts, air and moisture
leakage from oil-retaining ring.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 24 of 33

It consists of: 2 vertical HP eccentric fans, installed on the operating

platform (incl motors), one in operation and one for spare use;
3 oil-fume separators, 2 installed on the operating platform, one in
operation and one for spare use, 1 installed in pipeline;
Adjustable wind door and discharge port at bearing box outlet,
pipeline between bearing box and oil tank.
The HP eccentric fans produce enough negative pressure, to
extract fume from bearing box and oil tank, which shall enters into
the oil-fume separator on the operating platform and separator in
pipe, then finally discharge into air.

25 m3/min1500m3/h

4116 Pa(g)

YB112M-2
4 KW

157551SM (B)-8

Page 25 of 33

AC 400V

Data are given as follows:

Wind flow25 m3/min1500m3/h

Wind pressure4116 Pa.g
Motor modelYB112M-2
Motor output4 Kw
Working voltageAC 400V

2.3.8
Excess pressure adjusting device and pressure dropping
protection device

0.07MPa.g

0.05MPa.g
0.03MPa.g

157551SM (B)-8

Page 26 of 33

In order to get stable oil flow and pressure in lubrication, an

over-pressure adjusting device and a LP spill valve are provided in
lube oil system, to adjust lube oil pressure. Overflow oil shall return
to lube oil bus line. Oil pressure drop relay has 3 set values: when
turbine is in malfunction and lube oil pressure decreases to the first
value (0.07MPa.g), AC lube oil pump can start automatically, to
maintain necessary lube oil pressure; when lube oil pressure
decreases to the second value (0.05MPa.g), DC emergency oil
pump shall start automatically, and turbine trips simultaneously;
when lube oil pressure decreases to the third value (0.03MPa.g),
electric turning gearing is stopped, and manual operation of turning
gear initiates.

2.4
Operation of System (see Lube Oil System Drawing)

2.4.1
Start-up Condition

First, start AC lube oil pump to initiate oil circulation, fill oil and vent
for the system, meanwhile, to provide lube oil for the shaft jacking
device and turning gear.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 27 of 33

,
,

2.0MPa(g)

Because the main oil pump is driven by turbine shaft, it shall not be
put into service immediately when the unit starts. Therefore, before
turbine turning, the startup oil pump should be opened to supply
pressure oil for the control system. AC lube oil pump shall supply oil
through two ways: one is to bearings through oil cooler, the other is
to MOP inlet through throttle plate. With increase of turbine speed,
MOP outlet pressure becomes higher and higher. When MOP
outlet pressure is up to 2.0MPa(g), it can provide all oil for the unit.
After speed reaches the required value, the startup and AC lube oil
pump can be cut off.

2.4.2
Normal Operation Condition

3000 /

#
#

157551SM (B)-8

Page 28 of 33

0.10.14Mpa(g)
When the unit operates at 3000r/min, MOP can supply all oil for
lube oil system. Pressure oil from MOP enters into the emergency
governor system, and provides power oil for the oil ejector inside oil
tank. Oil discharged from #1 ejector is for MOP inlet and oil from #2
ejector is for bearing through oil cooler. Generally, bearing inlet oil
pressure is 0.10.14Mpa(g).

The lube oil system is a closed system. All oil after lubrication shall
return to the combined oil tank, and then be provided to the system
through filter and other purifiers.

2.4.3
Normal Shutdown Condition

During normal shutdown, AC lube oil pump serves as the main

device to supply oil for bearings.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 29 of 33

#()
0.07MPa(g)

After the unit trips, with the shaft speeds down, MOP outlet
pressure drops rapidly. Lube oil pressure of #2 oil ejector (bearing
inlet) shall drops, too. When lube pressure decreases to
0.07MPa(g), AC lube pump should automatically be started by the
pressure drop relay, set lube pressure again, to ensure bearing
lubrication during shutdown and turning gear operation.

The Turbine Idle Curve shows, turbine speeds down quickly when
shutdown. So attention must be paid to the initiation of AC lube oil
pump. If auto startup fails, manual initiation is required.

2.4.4
Emergency Shutdown Condition

157551SM (B)-8

Page 30 of 33

In case turbine is forced to shutdown because of power off or other

accidents, AC lube oil pump or DC emergency oil pump should be
initiated to maintain bearing lube oil for turbine idle and manual
operation turning gear.

During normal shutdown, if AC lube oil pump is in malfunction, DC

emergency oil pump should be initiated.

0.05MPa(g)
0.03MPa(g)
Automatic startup of DC emergency oil pump is controlled by the oil
pressure drop relay. When lube oil pressure is below 0.05MPa(g),
DC oil pump should be automatically started. Besides, when lube
oil pressure is below 0.03MPa(g), electric turning gear should be
stopped and manual intermitted turning is initiated.

3.
Maintenance and Notes

3.1

157551SM (B)-8

Page 31 of 33

Flushing is required before first operation of lube oil system, till the
related nation standards are met.

3.2
NAS7
Regular inspection shall be conducted to the lube oil for oxidation
phenomenon and for conformance of the lube oil quality with the
NAS 7 grade requirements.

3.3

Oil inside tank should be kept clean, free from water and impurity.
For the unit in long time shutdown, if impurity found in tank bottom,
some oil should be discharged from tank with impurity.

3.4

Periodically check HP start-up oil pump, AC lube oil pump and DC

emergency oil pump, to avoid any accident during use.
3.5

157551SM (B)-8

Page 32 of 33

Periodically check meters and level indicators in lube oil system, to

ensure their precision, safety and reliability.

3.6

Fume discharging device always operates during turbine operation,

to prevent fume from leaking into workshop. Pressure in bearing
box should not be too high; otherwise, gland leak may enter into
bearing box to affect lube oil quality.

157551SM (B)-8

Page 33 of 33

Revision Page

Mark

Place

Page

Rev No.

Sig.

Date

Remarks