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FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
PROGRAMME
Wednesday
MODULE CODE
CIVE 3223(5)
3 December 2008
TIME
NO. OF
QUESTIONS
SET
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Answer any FOUR (4) Questions.
NO. OF
QUESTIONS TO
BE ATTEMPTED
2 Hours
4
(a)
(b)
Compare the rational or criteria on which the following units are designed
(c)
(i)
(ii)
1000m3/h
[6 marks]
of raw sewage given the
[10 marks]
(d)
Question 2
(a)
Define the term sludge age, c and using a mass balance approach derive an
equation for the sludge age of a conventional activated sludge process.
[8 marks]
(b)
m = 4.0 d 1
S 0 = 200mg/L
Q = 6000m 3 /d
K d = 0.05d - 1
NH 3 - N = 35 mg/L
K s = 120 mg/L
Se =
k s (1 + k d c )
c ( m k d ) 1
X=
Y(S o S e ) c
x
1 + k d c
(b)
(i)
(ii)
If it is reported that the sludge has bulked explain how the extent of the
problem can be assessed. Give indicative values where appropriate.
[4 marks]
(iii)
Describe the effect of the bulking on the mixed liquor suspended solids
(MLSS) and the BOD removal efficiency.
[3 marks]
Solids
Conc.(Kg/m3)
Settling
Vel.(m/h)
2.5
7.5
10
12.5
15
17.5
20
22.5
25
1.5
0.68
0.35
0.18
0.096
0.058
0.04
0.029
0.022
0.019
(ii)
Question 4
(a)
(b)
Flow rate
=
1000m3/d
Suspended solids =
650mg/L
BOD5
=
1800mg/L
pH
=
6.5
Assuming that nutrient concentrations are not limiting, estimate the performance
characteristics and calculate likely pond dimensions for a series of stabilization
lagoons treating this wastewater. The final effluent BOD5 should not exceed 75
mg/L.
(Continued next page)
Page 2 of 3
r = 0.725 s + 10.75
( s > 400kg /ha/d)
Anaerobic pond, estimated surface loading s = 4000kg/ha/d and BOD5 removal
[17 marks]
approximates 70%.
Question 5
(a)
Discuss the principal benefits that are associated with the application of flow
equalization at wastewater treatment plants.
[10 marks]
(b)
A survey of effluent from a textile dyeing factory are as shown in the table
below. Design an equalization tank from a constant flow rate to the
wastewater treatment plant.
Sampling Time
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Page 3 of 3