Question bank on SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND TQM

Discipline: MCA
Semester : 4th Code: MCA 401
GROUP A

[Each question carries 1 mark]

1.
Software development organizations which follow the iterative waterfall model for
product development, provide maximum customer satisfaction. a) True b) cant say c) Not
applicable d) False
2.
.Among all phases of software development, an undetected error from the design
phase, which ultimately gets detected during the system acceptance test, costs the maximum.
a) True b) cant say c) Not applicable d) False
3.
A feasibility study (a) Includes a statement of the problem b) considers a single
solution
c) none of the problem
d) both (a) and (b) above.
4.A graphic representation of an information system is called (a)chart b) data flow diagram
c) pictogram d) none of the above
5. The main activity of the design phase of the system life cycle is to (a) propose alternatives
to the current system (b) understand the current system (c) develop and test the new system
(d) replace the old system with the new one
6. The main purpose of the system investigation phase is to produce (a) a design report
(b) a
requirement report
(c) a feasibility report (d) none of the above
7. A system analyst does not need to consider (a) operational feasibility
(b)
technical feasibility
(c) economics feasibility (d) none of the above
9. A graphic representation of an information system is called
(a) flow chart
(b) dataflow diagram (c) pictogram
(d) none of the above
10. Top-down software design decomposes major components into low-level components
(b) is the process of designing a program by first identifying its modules
(c) none of the above d) both (a) and (b)
1I. The requirements report includes
(a) a hierarchy chart showing the top-level modules (b) a list of alternative solutions
considered
(c) a data-flow diagram describing the proposed new system (d) all of the above
12. During what phase, the requirements analysis is performed? (a) system design phase
(b) system development phase (c) systems analysis phase (d) system investigation phase
13.In top-down analysis and design (a) each Succeeding phase is more detailed than the
phase before it
(b) each succeeding phase is less detailed than the phase before it (c) each succeeding phase
is as detailed as the phase before it (d) none of the above
14. Structured design methodology is an approach to design that adheres to rules based on
principles such as
(a) bottom-up design (b) top-down refinement (c) data flow analysis (d) all of the above
15. In functional decomposition, the data flow diagram a) is partitioned according to the
logical "closeness" of the datagram (b) is partitioned according to the "closeness" of the
datagram and data storage items
(c) is ignored
(d) none of the above
16. Rapid prototyping proves the quality of a design by (a) having the system analyst present
an overview of the design to users, programmers and consultants (b) having a program
simulate the real system
c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of the above
17. The design report should include (a) data flow diagrams of all (b) a hierarchy showing
the top-level modules (c) Gnatt charts for the entire project (d) none of the above
18. A systems investigation may result from (a) an analysis investigation (b) a scheduled

systems review (c) manager's formal request (d) all of the above
20 Which of the following is not a characteristic of good test data? (a) users do not
participate at this preliminary stage (b) It should be comprehensive (c) Every statement
should be executed
(d) Expected output from the modules execution should be determined manually
21. The black-box concept (a) assumes that the black box is independent (b) assumes that
inputs and outputs will remain stable (c) is invoked by describing a system in terms of inputs
and outputs, leavin~;transformation process a black box (d) all of the above
22 In what manner, coding and testing are done? (a) Top Down (b) bottom-up (c) crosssectional (d) adhoc
23 Which of the following is generally not contained in a feasibility document?
(a) problem descriptions (b) project name (c) feasible alternative solutions .(d)
dataflow diagrams
24. Which of the following tools is (are) used in modelling the new
system?
(a) data dictionary (b) decision table (c) data flow diagrams (d) all of the above
25 In what phase procedure development occurs? (a) Conversion (b) Maintenance (c)
System building (d) Structured design
26 A decision-Table is (a) a way to get an accurate picture of the system (b) a way of
representing the information flow (c) a way of representing multiple conditions (d) all of the
above
27 Which of the following is not a part of a Data Flow Diagram?
(a) disk storage (b) arrow (c) process represented by a bubble circle (circle) (d) data store
28 A data flow diagram is (a) the modern version of flowchart (b) mainly used at the
systems specification stage (c)the primary output of the systems design phase (d)all of the
above
29. Which of thee following symbols is (are) not used the Data Flow Diagram (DFD)?
(a) A square (b) An open rectangle (c) A circle d) triangle
30. A square symbol (a) defines a source or destination of system data (b) identifies data
flow
(e) represents a process that transforms incoming data flow(s) into outgoing data flows
(d) is a data store-data at rest, or a temporary repository
of data
31 An open rectangle (a) defines a source or destination of system data (b) identifies data
flow
(c) represents a process that transforms incoming data flow(s) into outgoing data flows
(d) is a data store-data at rest, or a temporary repository
of data
32 While constructing a data dictionary, the analyst considers (a) each data flow in the DFD
has one data dictionary entry (b) definitions must be readily accessible by name (c) there
should be no redundancy in the data definition (d)all of the above
33 The rules to follow in constructing decision tables is (are) (a) a decision should be given
a name
(b) the logic of the table is independent of the sequence in which conditions rules are
written, but the action takes place in the order in which the events occur
(c) standardized language must be used consistently (d)all of the above
34. The feasibilities studied in preliminary investigation is (are)
(a) technical feasibility (b)economic feasibility (c) operational feasibility (d) all of the above
35 To which phase of SDLC, is file conversion related'
a)system implementation (b) System analysis (c)System development (d)System design
36 Which of the following activities does not belong to the Implementation phase of the
SDLC ?

a) File conversion b) program testing c) User training

d)All of the above
37 Which of the following is not considered a tool at the system design phase'
(a) Data-Flow Diagram (b) Decision Table
(c) chart
(d) System Flowchart
38. The structure chart is (a) a document of what has to be accomplished (b) a hierarchical
partitioning of the program (c) a statement of information processing requirements (d) all of the
above
39. Which of the following is a graphic representation of the modules in the System and the
interconnection between them (a)Pie chart (b)Flow chart (c)Structura1 chart (d) System
Chart
40. . A branch office, location or other data processing centers, where a newly
developed system is used under normal operating conditions for several months, to
test it, is called
a) a beta test data
b)alpha test data c)string test data
d)system test data
41 Acceptance testing is (a) running the system with line data by the actual user
b) making sure that the new programs do in fact process certain transactions according to
specifications
(c) is checking the logic of one or more programs in the candidate systems
(d) Testing changes made in an existing or a new system
42. Unit testing is (a) running the system with line data by the actual user (b) making sure
that the new programs do in fact process certain transactions according to specification (c)
is checking the logic of one or more programs in the candidate system d) testing changes
made in an existing or a new program
43. Cost. Benefit analysis (a) evaluates the tangible and non-tangible factors (b) compares
the cost, with the benefits (c) estimates the hardware and software costs ,(d) All of the
above
44. All of the following tools are used for process description except (a) structured English
(b) decision tables
(c) pseudo code (d) data dictionaries
45. Which of the following tools are used in modeling the new system
(a) Decision tables (b) Data dictionary (c) Dataflow diagrams (d) All of the above
46. According to the COCOMO model, cost is the most fundamental attribute of software
product, based on which size and effort are estimated. a)True b) cant say c) Not applicable
d) False
47.The size of a project, as used in COCOMO is the size of the final executable code in bytes
a)True b) cant say c) Not applicable d) False
48.SRS can be called as Black Box specification of a system. (a)true b) cant say c) Not
applicable d) False
49. Abstract and interface classes are equivalent concept. a)True b) cant say c) Not
applicable d) False
50. Advantage of polymorphism is facilitation of reuse. a)True b) cant say c) Not
applicable d) False
51. The integration testing is to find design error. a)True b) cant say c) Not applicable d)
False
52. COCOMO is a (a). Physical device b) permanent memory c) estimation model d) none of
these.
53. The aggregation relationship can be reflexive. a)True b) cant say c) Not applicable d)
False
54. A prototype refers to (a) a working model of a proposed system (b) the set of activities in
a system
(c) the typical activities in a system (d) all of these
55. A decision table is (a) a way to get an accurate picture of the system (b) a way of
representing the information flow (c) a way of representing multiple conditions (d) all of
these

56. SRS document can be called as Black Box specification of a system (a) True (b) Can.t
say (c) Not applicable (d) False
57. The most important feature of spiral model is (a) quality management (b) maintenance
(c) risk assessment (d) none of these
58. Acceptance testing is (a) running the system with live data by the actual user (b) making
sure that the new programs do in fact process certain transactions according to specifications.
(c) checking the logic of one or more programs in the candidate system (d) treating
changes made in an existing or a new system
59. Validation is (a) checking the product with respect to customers expectations
(b)checking the product with respect to specifications (c) checking the product with respect
to constraints of the project (d) all of these
60. Which model of Software Life Cycle cannot handle risk (a) Prototype (b) Waterfall (c)
iterative (d) Spiral
61. Results of large Software Development is also called (a) Code (b) Effort (c)
Deliverables (d) Released code
62. Third stage of SDLC is known as (a) Feasibility (b) Testing (c) Design (d)
Implementation
63. Incomplete specification is associated with (a) Project risk (b) Technical risk (c)
Business risk (d) None of these
64. Which software life cycle model is called meta model (a) Waterfall model (b) Spiral
model (c) Evolutionary model (d) Prototyping model
65. Functional independence results in (a) error isolation (b) scope of reuse (c) understand
ability (d) all of these
66. During project scheduling resource allocation to different activities is done using which
of the following representations (a) PERT chart (b) Activity network representation (c)
Work breakdown structure (d) Gantt chart
67. Attributes of a good software are (a) Maintainability, Dependability, Efficiency &
Usability (b) Maintainability, Dependability, Efficiency & Reliability (c) Integrity,
Dependability, Efficiency & Reliability (d) Maintainability, Integrity, Dependability &
Usability
68. Domain requirement is originated from (a) timing constrains (b) statements of services
the system should provide (c) Constraints on the development process (d0 requirements that
come from the application domain of the system
69. Main goal of Quality Assurance is to (a) set coding standards (b) improve software
project management (c) reduce programmatic risks in developing the software (d) specify
correct actions
70. What is abstraction in coding (a) the classification of objects, grouped according to their
significant similarities (b) the classification of objects, grouped according to their
significant differences (c) the classification of objects, grouped according to their names (d)
Hiding information inside a class so that it can only be known in an abstract manner.
71. Which of the following statements is not true ? (a) A good design methodology should
provide a clear division of design from implementation (b) A good design methodology
should not promote top down decomposition strategy (c) a good design methodology should
encourage phased development of the software (d) a good design methodology should help
to maintain future maintenance
72. With respect to software metrics, which of the following is not true ? (a) An indirect
measure focuses on attributes of a project, which can be measured by examining a process,
product or resource (b) A direct measure focuses on attributes of a project, which can be
measured by examining a process, product or resource (c) External attributes are always
measured indirectly (d) Lines of code are a direct measurement.
73. Recommend the development process models for developing a Compiler (a) Prototype
(b) Spiral (c) Classical waterfall model (d) Evolutionary model

74. Which is not the measurement scales in questionnaire ? (a) Ordinal (b) Nominal (c)
Interval (d) Ratio
75. Weakest form of measurement scale is (a) Nominal (b) Ordinal (c) Ratio (d) Interval
76. Coupling is a measure of (a) Strength of intramodular connectiona (b) Strength of
intermodular connections (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
77. Software Science uses a refinement of counting lines of codes is about (a) McCabes
Cyclomatic Complexity (b) Halsteads method (c) COCOMO madel (d) Cohesion
78. Evolutionary model is sometimes kinown as (a) Meta model (b) Successive version and
incremental model (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
79. Single loop Spiral represents (a) Prototype model (b) Evolutionary model (c) Waterfall
Model (d) Risk based model
80. An expert makes an educated guess of the problem size after analyzing the problem
thoroughly. Which one of the following is the estimation technique ? (a) Expert Judgement
Technique (b) Delhi cost estimation (c) COCOMO (d) FPA
81. The different project parameters can be modeled using suitable mathematical expression
in the estimation technique known as (a) Analytical technique (b) Statistical technique (c)
Heuristic technique (d) Delphi technique
82. Which one of the following can be used to relate the number of delivered lines of code to
the effort and time required to develop the software ? (a) Zigzag curve (b) Rayleigh-Norton
curve (c) Sigmoid curve (d) Regression line.
83. System analysis objective is (a) to write a simple program (b) not related to
software projects (c) to perform economic and technical analysis (d)
none of these
84. Which of the following is not a traditional method of collecting system
requirements ? (a) Interviewing (b) RAD (c) Obsevations (d) Document
analysis
85. On a structure chart, predefined modules are represented by (a) drawing a
vertical bar down each side of the module (b) a diamond placed at the
bottom of the superior module (c) a curved line drawn through the arrows
connecting the module to it subordinates (d) placing an X in the lower right
corner of the predefined module.
86. Which of the following E-R structures place the primary key of the entity on
the one side of the relationship as a foreign key in the relation for the entity
on the many sides (a) Regular entity (b) Binary or unary 1 : 1 relationship
(c) Binary 1:n relationship (d) Binary or unary M:N relationship
87. E-R model is (a) incapable of expressing relationships among relationships
(b) capable of expressing relationships among relationships (c) not related
to relationships (d) none of these
88. A decision table (a) models the state of an object and the events that cause
the object to change from one state to another (b) depicts the interactions
among objects during a certain period of time (c) is a matrix representation
of the logic of a decision, which specifies the possible conditions for the
decision and the resulting actions (d) is a graphical representation of a
decision situation in which decision situation points are connected by arcs
and terminate in ovals.
89. Structure Charts are developed (a) at the time of feasibility study (b)
during preliminary investigation (c) prior to the writing of program code
(d) none of these
90. GANTT chart is a (a) project scheduling technique (b) tool used in OOD
methodology (c) tool to define relation between entities (d) none of these
91. If the number of conditions in a decision table is n, the maximum number of
rules(columns) possible is (a) n (b) 2n (c) 2n (d) log2n

92. a structure chart (a) shows module inter-relationships in a hierarchical

manner (b) describes the internal structure of a program (c) is a graphical
representation of a structure English (d) depicts data structures in the form
of a chart
93. Productivity Quality is defined as (a) Delivering a product with correct
requirements (b) delivering a product using correct development processes
(c) delivering a product which is developed iteratively (d) delivering a
product using high quality procedures
94. With respect to software metrics, which of the following is not true ? (a) An
indirect measure focuses on attributes of a project, which can be measured
by examining a process, product or resource (b) a direct measure focuses on
attributes of a project, which ca be measured by examining a process,
product or resource (c) external attributes are always measured indirectly
(d) lines of code is a direct measurement
95. Which of the following statements is not true ? (a) Requirements must be
testable (b) Requirements must be concerned with system functionality only
(c) requirement must be complete (d) requirement must be
unambiguously stated.
96. Which model may lead to blocking states ? (a) Prototype model (b)
Waterfall model (c) spiral model (d) RAD model
97. If likelihood of risk coming true be r, the consequence of the problem
associated with the risk be s then the priority of each risk is (a) P = r + s
(b) P = r * s (c) P = r/s (d) P = r s
98. Which one is desired ? (a) Low cohesion and low coupling (b) Low
cohesion and high coupling (c) High cohesion and high coupling (d)
High cohesion and low coupling
99. Which software model is known as meta model (a) Spiral model (b)
Prototyping model (c) RAD model (d) Incremental model
100.
Which standard applies to the organizations engaged in design and
development ? (a) ISO 9001 (b) ISO 9002 (c) ISO 9003 (d) ISO 9004
101.
System testing performed by a friendly set of customers is called (a)
Alpha testing (b) Beta testing (c) Performance testing (d) Usability
testing
102.
An example of a Heuristic estimation technique is (a) Expert
judgment technique (b) Delphi Cost Estimation (c) COCOMO technique
(d) KLOC technique
103.
The chain of activities that determine the duration of the project is (a)
Duration Path (b) Critical Path (c) Linearly independent Path (d) none of
these
104.
In case of R&D software project, which team structure suits best ? (a)
Chief programmer team (b) Democratic team (c) Mixed team (d) None of
these
105.
Tracking the correspondence between the design component and the
SRS is known as (a) availability (b) traceability (c) maintainability (d)
reliability
106.
If data from one module is used to direct the order of execution in
another, then the coupling is known as (a) Stamp coupling (b) Data
coupling (c) Control Coupling (d) Content coupling
107.
software failure rate is highest during (a) Design Phase (b) Testing
Phase (c) Implementation Phase (d) Installation Phase
108.
What types of abstraction are used in software design ? (a) Control
(b) Data (c) Procedural (d) All of these

109.
What are the three generic phases of software engineering ? (a)
Definition, development, support (b) What, how, where (c) Programming,
debugging, maintenance (d) Analysis, design, testing
110.
The chain of activities that determines the duration of the project is the
(a) Duration Path (b) Critical Path (c) Linearly Independent Path (d)
None of these
111.
Evolutionary software process models (a) are iterative in nature (b)
can easily accommodate product requirements changes (c) do not generally
produce throw away systems (d) All of these

GROUP B

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

[Each question carries 5 marks]

What is SDLC? What are steps in SDLC ?
what are the limitations of waterfall model ?
What are the differences between Waterfall model and Prototype model ?
What is spiral Model ? What are the four main phases in Spiral model ?
a)What is the difference between evolutionary model and spiral model ?
b) Radius and angular dimension indicate what in spiral model ?
Why spiral model is called meta model ?
What are the characteristics of a good SRS document?
a) What information is represented by context diagram?
What are understood by Cohesion and coupling?
a)Why do you try to minimize coupling and maximum cohesion ?
b) What are the different types of cohesion?
a) What is the difference between Flow chart and structured chart ?
b) What are two strategies to transform a DFD into a structured chart.
What is a data flow diagram ? What are the shortcomings of the DFD model ?
What is structured chart? Discuss their components?
a) What is data dictionary ?
b)Why data-dictionary is important in the software development process ?
a) what are the advantages of object oriented design ?
b) What do you mean by Association and aggregation ?
a)What are the coding guidelines ?
b) What are the coding standards ?
a) What is Black-Box Testing ?
b) What is the difference between Black-Box testing and white-Box testing ?
a) what is basis path testing ?
b) What is cyclomatic complexity ?

18. What are the steps to be applied to derive the basis set ?
19 a) Distinguish between software validation and software verification.
b) What are the levels of testing ?
20.Describe Driver and Stub modules in unit testing.
21. What are the differences between Alpha Testing and Beta testing ?
22.Describe Regression testing .
23. a) what are the project size estimation metrics ?
b) What are the shortcomings of LOC metric.
24.a)What is COCOMO Model ?
b) What are the types of projects categorized in COCOMO model ?
25. Explain the necessity of the software project management plan.

26 a)Which purpose is the Gantt chart used for ?

b) What are the main activities of risk management ?
27 What is work breakdown structure ?
28
a)Explain Quality and reliability of an S/W product.
b) What are the reliability metrics used in the S/W products?
29
.a) What is the capability maturity model (SEI CMM)?
b). What are the levels in CMM ?
30
.a) What is CASE?
b) What are the benefits of CASE ?
GROUP C
[Each question carries 15 marks]
1. a) Define Software development life cycle and discuss the models.
2+8
b) Why is classical waterfall model is not followed in practice ? What are its variants?
3+2
2. a)Distinguish between object oriented design and function oriented design with proper
examples. 8
b) List the desirable characteristics of a good SRS document.
3. a)What is a decision table ? Draw a decision table for the following problem.
The mode of transport for dispatching materials should be selected on the basis of the
following rules:
i) If the weight is less than or equal to 5kg, dispatch by post.
ii) If the weight is more than 500kg, select a lorry if the distance is less than or equal to
250 km
iii) If the distance is less than 50 km and weight is less than 500 kg, select a van.
iv) In all other cases, use train.
8
b) Draw a decision table for the following problem.
The discount policy has following conditions for the customers.
If customer is book stores:
Get a trade discount of 25%, if orders for 6 or more copies per book title.
If customer is libraries and individuals :
5% allowed on order of 6-19 copies per book title
10% on orders for 20-49 copies per book title and
15% on orders for 50 copies or more per book title.
Develop a process description in Decision table and decision tree.
7
4. a) What are the components of SRS document ?
5
b). Draw a DFD(level 1) for a restaurant system ?
10
5.a) Draw a DFD for the following activities.
i)
Returning a book to Library.
10
ii) Issuing a book from a Library.
b) Discuss the operators used in data dictionary.
5
6. a)Draw a DFD for a student registration system in a University.
8
b) Draw a structured chart to determine the number of different words in an input file. 7
7. a) What are structure charts ? Discuss their components. What role do structure charts
play in the design of software ?
7
b) What is coupling and cohesion ? Design and explain the structure chart for the given
module.
8
Main()
{
int x, y; x=0; y=0; a(); b();

}
a()
{ x = x+y ; y = y +5; }
b()
{x = x+5 ; y = y+ x ; a ( ); }
8. a) What are steps to be carried out for Object-Oriented designing ?
5
b) Design an object oriented system for the problem of determining the number of different
words in an input file.
10
9..a)What is utility of testing ?
4
b) Why is black box testing at all necessary ?
3
c) Compare between alpha testing and beta testing methods.
4
d) Why and how is testing carried out at different levels of development ?
4
10. a) Define cyclometic complexity ?
4
b) . What are the steps to be applied to derive the basis set ?
5
c)Determine the cyclometic complexity and test set for the folloeing program segment
Int compute_gcd(x,y)
Int x,y;
{
while(x!=y) {
if (x > y) then
x=xy;
else y = y x ;
return x;
}
6
11.
a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of top down and bottom- up
integration
testing.
5
b) Draw a flow graph to calculate the factorial of a number. Also compute the cyclometic
complexity
5
c). Draw a flow graph of a program generate prime number . Also compute the cyclometic
complexity
5
12. a) What is COCOMO model ?
3
b) Use a schematic diagram to show the order in COCOMO estimation technique
for I) Cost ii) Effort iii) Duration iv) Size.
4
c) Enlist the different categories of software development projects according to
COCOMO estimation model.
4
d) Why do we need to estimate software cost ? What are the methods of
estimation ?
4
13.a) Assume that the size of an organic software product has been estimated to be
32000 lines of source code. Let us determine the effort required to develop the S/W product
and the development time.
6
b)
a software project involves 10 inputs, 5 outputs, 6 external queries, 9 input files,
16 external
interface files. The degree of influence is 49. Find the total function points of this software. 6
c). What is risk management ?
3
14. a) Explain quality and reliability with examples.
6
b) What is the capability of maturity model (SEI-CMM) ?
4
c) What is cohesion in function oriented design ? What are its types ?
5
15. a)How do you manage software configuration ?
5
b) Explain the Rayleigh-Norden Staffing curve. From that explain Putnams model.5
c) Explain Jensens work on staffing.
5

16. (a) What is a metric ?

2
(b) List the important shortcomings of LOC as a software size metric
5
Suppose, there is a project of developing a new operating system, which has 4
modules :
i) Requirement Analysis -- 2.2 KDLOC
ii) System Design - 3.6 KDLOC
iii) CFoding - 1.4 KDLOC
iv) Testing - 2.8 KDLOC
Other factors that affect the project are
Complexity - 1.16
Programmers ability - 1.2
What is the final effort of this project ? How much time can it take ?
8
17. What are the different types of team structure followed in software projects ? Define
Raleigh Curve. What are the propositions of Putnams model ? Define the utilities of PERT
chart with an example . 5 + 3 + 3 + 4
18. Write short notes on the following.
a)
data dictionary
b)
Structured chart
c)
Software reliability.
d)
Decision table
e)
Decision tree
f)
Software quality
g)
Integration testing
h)
Regression testing
i)
Alpha testing
j)
Beta testing
k)
Recoverability testing
l)
Back-box testing
m)
White-box testing