Kanakapura LPA Provisional Zoning Regulations

Provisional Approval
Bangalore Metropolitan Region Development Authority

No 1, Ali Askar Road, Bangalore-560052
www.bmrda.kar.in
CONTENTS
Topic
Pg No
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Maps
PREFACE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Salient Features of Kanakapura LPA

PART 1
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
1.2 REGIONAL SETTING
1.3 PHYSIOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE
1.4 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
10
1.5 INTRODUCTION TO LPA
16
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
20
2. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND ECONOMIC

BASE
21
2.1 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTER
21
2.2 ECONOMIC BASE
31
2.3 HERITAGE AND TOURISM
51
3. HOUSING AND URBAN POOR
58
3.1 HOUSING
58
3.2 HOUSING SHORTAGE / DEMAND
67
3.3 URBAN POOR AND SLUMS
68
4. EXISTING LANDUSE AND TRANSPORTATION
70
4.1 EXISTING LAND UTILISATION
70
4.2 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION
77
5. INFRASTRUCTURE
89
5.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
89
5.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
107
6. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
117
6.1 POLLUTION: GENERATION AND CONSEQUENCES
117
6.2 RAIN WATER HARVESTING
117
6.3 DISASTER MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES
118
7. PROBLEMS
119
8. VISUALISING THE FUTURE
121
8.1 INTERIM MASTER PLAN PROJECTIONS- 2021
121
8.2 POPULATION GROWTH TREND IN KANAKAPURA LPA
122
8.3 FACTORS AIDING POPULATION GROWTH
124
8.4. POPULATION PROJECTION
125
8.5 AREA REQUIREMENT
130
8.6 POPULATION DENSITY 2031
131
8.7 HOUSING REQUIREMENT
132
8.8 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT
133
8.9 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT
134
8.10 PARTICIPATORY APPROACH
137
8.11 S.W.O.T ANALYSIS
137
8.12 VISION 2031
137
9. MASTER PLAN PROPOSALS
138
9.1 COMPONENTS OF THE MASTER PLAN
138
9.2 MASTER PLAN OBJECTIVES
139
9.3 DENSITY
139
9.4 STRATEGY FOR OBTAINING LAND FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES
140
9.5 BASIC CONSIDERATION FOR PROPOSAL
140
9.6 PROPOSALS
141
9.6.1 PROPOSED LANDUSE PLAN 2031
141
9.6.2 PROPOSED TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION PLAN 2031
145
9.6.3 ROAD WIDENING AND BUILDING LINES
149
9.6.4 REVISED STRUCTURE PLAN 2031 POLICIES AND

PROPOSALS
150
9.6.5
158
SECTORAL PROPOSALS
10. PHASING OF DEVELOPMENT
176
11. ENFORCEMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND

EVALUATION
180
11.1 ACTIONS
180
11.2 MONITORING AND EVALUATION
182
11.3 FISCAL PLAN FOR 2031
183
PART II
12. ZONING REGULATIONS
185
12.1 INTRODUCTION
185
12.2 ZONING OF LAND USE
199
12.3 ZONING REGULATIONS: REGULATIONS FOR DIFFERENT USES

OF BUILDINGS
218
12.4. SUB-DIVISION REGULATIONS
242
ANNEXURES
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No
Title
Pg No
1.1
Kanakapura LPA in the context of BMR
1.2
Annual Direction of the Wind 1980-1997
1.3
Average annual rainfall 2000 - 2010
1.4
Monthly mean and mean maximum temperature in the LPA
1.5
Monthly mean relative humidity in Kanakapura LPA
2.1
Population in Kanakapura Town
23
2.2
Population in Kanakapura LPA
24
2.3
Population growth rate in Kanakapura LPA
25
2.4
Comparison of population growth
25
2.5
Population density in Kanakapura LPA
26
2.6
Urban rural population distribution in the LPA
27
2.7
Literacy rate in Kanakapura Taluk
29
2.8
Workforce distribution in the Kanakapura LPA
32
2.9
Gender wise distribution of workers
32
2.10
Gender wise distribution of workers in each category
33
2.11
Distribution of workforce in Kanakapura TMC
33
2.12
Gender wise distribution of workforce in Kanakapura TMC
34
2.13
Gender wise distribution of workforce in each category
34
2.14
Workforce distribution in rural areas of Kanakapura LPA
35
2.15
Workforce distribution in Economic Activities in Kanakapura Taluk
35
2.16
Gender wise Workforce distribution Kanakapura Taluk
36
2.17
Worker distribution in Economic Activities: Kanakapura TMC
36
2.18
Land utilization in Kanakapura Taluk
37
2.19
Agricultural Land holdings in Kanakapura Taluk
37
2.20
Distribution of small scale industries in Kanakapura LPA
42
2.21
Completed works under MGNREGA in Kanakapura Taluk
47
2.22
Works in progress MGNREGA in Kanakapura Taluk
47
2.23
Financial Institutions in the LPA
48
3.1
Distribution of Household size in Ramanagara district
59
3.2
Distribution of households by habitable room
60
3.3
Distribution of households by flooring material
60
3.4
Distribution of households by wall material
61
3.5
Distribution of households by roofing material
61
3.6
Distribution of households by availability of facilities
62
4.1
Land ownership in the LPA
76
4.2
Vehicles in Kanakapura Taluk
86
5.1
Distribution of households by availability of drinking water source
90
5.2
Distribution of households by location of drinking water source
90
5.3
Domestic Water Supply Gap in Kanakapura LPA
92
5.4
Availability of sanitation facilities in Ramanagara district
98
5.5
Availability of toilet and bathroom facility in Kanakapura Taluk
99
5.6
Electricity consumption in Kanakapura Taluk (in lakh units)
106
5.7
Management wise distribution of schools
108
5.8
Infrastructure facilities in schools in Ramanagara district
108
5.9
Literacy rate in Kanakapura Taluk
109
5.10
Literacy rate in Ramanagara district
110
5.11
5.12
Comparison of Literacy rate in Ramanagara and Bangalore district

Enrolment rate in primary and secondary classes in Bangalore rural district
110
111
5.13
Distribution of school children in age group 6-14
111
5.14
No of hosital bed per 1000 population
114
6.1
Disaster management continuum
118
8.1
Population growth in the LPA till 2011
122
8.2
Population growth in Kanakpura TMC
123
8.3
Projected urban population in Kanakpura LPA
130
8.4
Water Supply gap in Kanakapura LPA
133
LIST OF TABLES
Table No
Title
Pg No
1.1
Physiography and soil types
1.2
Mean temperature and wind speed in the LPA
1.3
List of villages and population in the Kanakapura LPA
17
1.4
TMC data in the LPA
20
2.1
Population Statistics In Karnataka
22
2.2
Comparitive table of Sex Ratio
28
2.3
Comparative list of 0-6 years population
28
2.4
HDI composition
30
2.5
Principal crops in Kanakapura Taluk
38
2.6
Production of major crops in Kanakapura Taluk
38
2.7
Sericulture statistics of Kanakapura Taluk
39
2.8
Sericulture programs in Kanakapura Taluk
39
2.9
Mulberry and Sericulture Infrastructure in Kanakapura Taluk
40
2.10
Artisan Base in the LPA
42
2.11
Commercial activities in Kanakapura Town
44
2.12
Details of PMRY Scheme
45
2.13
No of people benefitted by Swarnajayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojna
46
2.14
No of people benefitted by MGNREGS
46
2.15
List of tourism spots in Harohalli
51
2.16
List of tourism spots in Sathanur
53
2.17
List of tourism spots in Kasaba
54
2.18
List of tourism spots in Uttarahalli
56
3.1
Existing area under residential land use in major settlements in the

Kanakapura LPA
59
3.2
Organizational setup in the housing sector
63
3.3
Housing sites allotted under Ashraya Scheme in 2010-11
64
3.4
Houses constructed under Ashraya Scheme in 2010-11
64
3.5
Houses constructed under IAY in 2010-2011
65
3.6
Houses constructed under special scheme in 2010-2011
65
3.7
Houses constructed under special scheme in 2010-2011
66
3.8
Features of IHSDP
66
3.9
houses Constructed under IHSDP
66
3.10
Declared slums in Kanakapura TMC
68
4.1
Existing land utilization in the LPA, 2012
70
4.1 A
Existing land use in the LPA, 2012
70
4.2
Existing Land use distribution in Kanakapura Town
71
4.3
Existing Land use distribution in Harohalli
73
4.4
Existing Land use pattern Sathanur
74
4.5
Existing Land use distribution in Kaggalipura
75
4.6
Road category in Kanakapura Taluk
80
4.7
Road inventory, Kaggalipura town
80
4.8
Road inventory, Harohalli town
81
4.9
Road inventory, Kanakapura town
82
4.10
Road inventory, Sathanur town
83
4.11
Vehicle distribution in Kanakapura Taluk
85
5.1
Water supply source for Kanakapura TMC
91
5.2
Water Supply standards CPHEEO
91
5.3
Present Domestic water requirement in Kanakapura LPA
92
5.4
Details of existing storage reservoirs
93
5.5
Municipal water supply source in Kanakapura Town
94
5.6
Sewage generation in the LPA,2011
98
5.7
Solid Waste generation in the LPA
103
5.8
Municipal Solid waste management data
103
5.9
Tools and Equipment procurement under SWM Action Plan
104
5.10
Distribution of Educational facilities in Kanakapura Taluk
107
5.11
Health care facilities in Kanakapura Taluk
113
5.13
List of healthcare programs in Kanakapura Taluk
116
8.1
IMP land use analysis- Kaggalipura and Harohalli-2021
121
8.2
IMP land use analysis- Kanakpura and Sathanur- 2021
121
8.3
Population growth rate in Kanakpura LPA
122
8.4
Population growth rate in Kanakpura TMC
123
8.5
125
Natural growth of population calculated through various statistical methods
8.6
Population projection of the LPA villages
125
8.7
Projected population in Kanakpura LPA 2031
129
8.8
Population in the Growth nodes in 2031
129
8.9
Urbanisable area required in Kanakpura LPA in 2031
130
8.9
Conurbation area statistics- 2031
131
8.10
Distribution of population in the four growth nodes
131
8.11
Residential Area requirement for the LPA
132
8.12
Residential Area requirement for the LPA for the Conurbations
132
8.13
Landfill Area Requirement in the LPA
133
8.14
Educational facility Requirement in the LPA
134
8.15
Medical facility Requirement in the LPA
135
9.1
Density in the Growth Nodes of Kanakapura LPA
139
9.1 A
Conurbation area statistics-2031
141
9.1 B
Proposed Landuse 2031, LPA
141
9.1 C
Proposed land utilisation LPA, 2031
142
9.2
Kanakapura proposed landuse statistics
142
9.3
Harohalli Proposed land use statistics
143
9.4
Kaggalipura proposed landuse statistics
141
9.5
Sathanur proposed landuse statistics
144
9.6
Road Inventory of Kanakapura LPA.
148
9.7
Road Inventory of BMR proposed roads
148
9.8
Inventory of Roads proposed to be widened in the Master plan 2031
149
9.9
Building Line proposed for major roads
149
9.9
Structure Plan proposals land Utilisation and Environment
150
9.10
Structure Plan proposals Economy
151
9.11
Structure Plan proposals Transport
152
9.12
Structure Plan proposals Housing
154
9.13
Structure Plan proposals Water Supply
155
9.14
Structure Plan proposals Sanitation
155
9.15
Structure Plan proposals Power
155
9.16
Structure Plan proposals telecom
156
9.17
Structure Plan proposals Soild Waste Management
156
9.18
Structure Plan proposals Education
157
9.19
Structure Plan proposals health
158
10.1
Phasing of development
177
10.2
Phasing of development: Kaggalipura
177
10.3
Phasing of development: Harohalli
177
10.4
Phasing of development: Sathanur
177
10.5
Phasing of development: Kanakapura
177
10.6
Land use analysis for phase-I: Kaggalipura
178
10.7
Land use analysis for phase-I: Harohalli
178
10.8
Land use analysis for phase-I: Kanakpura
179
10.9
Land use analysis for phase-I: Sathanur
179
11.1
Financial Proposal
183
LIST OF MAPS
Sl.No
Title
Map No.
Drawing
1
Location
01
Administrative Boundary
02
Study Maps
3
Regional Setting
03
Climatological Studies
04
Forest, Drainage & Water Bodies
05
Ground Water Potential
06
Soil Classification
07
Demographic Studies
08
Civic Amenities And Facilities - Local Planning Area
9A
10
Civic Amenities And Facilities - Settlemet Wise
9B
11
Problem Map
10
Existing Land Use Maps

12
Existing Land Utilisation - Local Planning Area
11
13
Kaggalipura Existing Land Use
12
14
Harohalli Existing Land Use
13
15
Kanakapura Town Existing Land Use
14
16
Sathanur Existing Land Use
15
Proposed Land Use Maps

17
Proposed Land Utilisation - Local Planning Area
16
18
Kaggalipura Proposed Land Use - Overall
17
19
Kaggalipura Proposed Land Use
20
Harohalli Proposed Land Use - Overall
18
Harohalli Proposed Land Use (Grid A)
18A
Harohalli Proposed Land Use (Grid B)
18B
21
Harohalli Proposed Land Use
18C
22
Kanakapura Proposed Land Use - Overall
19
Kanakapura Proposed Land Use (Grid A)
19A
Kanakapura Proposed Land Use (Grid B)
19B
23
Kanakapura Town Proposed Land Use
19C
17A
24
Sathanur Proposed Land Use - Overall
25
Sathanur Proposed Land Use
20
20A
Circulation Pattern Maps

26
Kaggalipura Circulation Pattern
21
27
Harohalli Circulation Pattern
22
28
Kanakapura Circulation Pattern
23
29
Sathanur Circulation Pattern
24
Changes From IMP to MP - 2031

30
Landuse Changes Effected From IMP to MP - 2031
25
31
Circulation Pattern Changes Effected From IMP to MP - 2031
26
Phasing of Development
32
Phasing Of Development LPA
27
33
Kanakapura Phasing of Development
28
34
Kanakapura Phasing of Development Grid 1
29
35
Kaggalipura Phasing of Development
30
36
Kaggalipura Phasing of Development Grid 1
31
37
Kaggalipura Phasing of Development Grid 2
32
38
Harohalli Phasing of Development
33
39
Harohalli Phasing of Development Grid 1
34
40
Harohalli Phasing of Development Grid 2
35
41
Sathanur Phasing of Development
36
42
Sathanur Phasing of Development Grid 1
37
Kanakapura LPA Master Plan 2031
Preface
PREFACE
Bangalore Metropolitan Region Development Authority prepared the Structure Plan (SP) for
Bangalore Metropolitan Region (BMR) with an inductive approach with the prime objective of
decentralising growth away from Bangalore to harness and constrain its increasing primacy in the
region, lessen the regional disparities and in the process relieve the developmental pressure within the
conurbation. The strategic issues considered to be key determinants to future growth patterns were
studies and summed up as follows:
How effectively the strategic intervention combinations would compliment the
achievement of the induced population growth targets and developmental interventions of
the preferred growth strategy.
How effectively they would counter anomalies and negative development trends identified
in the BMR.
The structure plan was intended to provide a generic model for formulation of such plans for other
regions in Karnataka besides providing a strategic policy framework for planning & development
control locally to ensure that provision of development is realistic and complements with national state
& regional policy guidance and securing consistency between local plans for contiguous or
neighbouring areas.
Structure Plan has proposed five Area Planning Zones and Interstitial zones in the entire
Bangalore Metropolitan Region. For the purpose of planning and development of important and
potential zones, Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961 has been extended to various Area
Planning Zones and Planning Authorities have been constituted for controlling and regulating the
developments in these Local Planning Areas. With the increase of Bangalores population and spatial
spread in the last 2 decades owing to its increasing global recognition as a preferred IT destination.
Sky Group
Page |A
Preface
With increasing outgrowth of Bangalore and the proposed population influx into the
Kanakapura Local Planning Area, BMRDA has rightly taken the preparation of Interim Master
Plan to dovetail the regional policies of development the local requirements of the ever-increasing
population and as a result guide & regulate urban growth for a planned & compatiable physical
development of the region. The preparation of Interim Master Plan started during 2006 and the govt.
have approved the five IMPs provisionally in 2007 and finally approved them during 2009.
A Master Plan (MP) is defined as A plan for the development and re-development of the
area within the jurisdiction of the planning authority. The Master Plan has to be prepared not
later than 2 years from the declaration of the LPA as per Sec 9 of The KT & CP Act. According to the
Act the contents of a Master Plan are defined as follows.
Zoning of land use
Street pattern i.e. Circulation pattern
Area reservation for Parks/Playgrounds/Open Spaces
Area reservation for future developments
Reservation of land for the purposes of Central Govt., State Govt etc.
Declaring and framing regulations for areas of special control
Phasing of development
BMRDA prepared scientific base maps for the Local Planning Area by acquiring Quick Bird
data based on 2009 data as there were no proper base maps. The Planning Authorities incorporated all
approved lay outs and were finalised during 2012.
Government constituted a committee vides its G.O. dated 28-11-2012 under the chairmanship of
Metropolitan Commissioner to finalise the Master Plans for five Local Planning Areas and along with
some guidelines. The following were the members of the committee.
Sky Group
Page |B
Preface
1. Metropolitan Commissioner
Chairman
2. Commissioner, DULT, Govt. of Karnataka
Member
3. Director of Town Planning,
Member
4. Additional Director of Town Planning, BMRDA
Member
5. Joint Secretary / Dy. Secretary, UD
Member
6. Shri Sitaram, Cistup, IISc., Bangalore
Member
7. Member-Secretaries of concerned P.A.
Member
Meanwhile there was a petition in High court of Karnataka for delayed preparation of Master
Plans for BMRDA submitted an affidavit saying that the plans would be finalised by June 2012 and
subsequently another affidavit that it would be finalised on 31-1-2013. But, we could not finalise the
plans within date and immediately the committee met on 24-1-2013 and reviewed the progress made
in the preparation of Master Plans. During the discussion it was also observed that notification under
section 10/1 of Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961 was not declared so far and it would
be further delayed if we notify it now (2 months) and therefore, it was decided that If BMRDA is to
prepare the Master Plans, then the notification under section 10/1 is not required. However, it was
opined that in one case law the govt. has to delegate/empower the preparation of Master Plans under
section 9/2 of Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961. Accordingly, BMRDA requested the
govt. and govt. have empowered the preparation of Master Plans for five Local Planning Areas to
BMRDA under section 9/2 Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961 on 4-3-2013.
The committee formulated broad guidelines for the preparation of Master Plans and directed
the Authorities to work out the proposals based on:
1. Existing developments
2. Approved IMP
3. Change of land uses approved by the govt. and P.A. under section 14-A (3)
Sky Group
Page |C
Executive Summary
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Kanakapura Local Planning Area was declared by the BMRDA in 2006. It is located in the southwest part of the Bangalore Metropolitan Region (BMR). The total extent of the LPA is 412.78 sqkm
and consists of 86 settlements consisting of 85 villages and Kanakapura TMC. The LPA is well
connected by the NH-206, connecting Bangalore with Mysore via Kanakapura LPA. The Interim
Master Plan of the LPA was commissioned in 2007. It was provisionally approved in April 2007 and
finally approved by the BMRDA in May 2009. The process of Master Plan preparation started with the
preparation of the Basemap and Existing Landuse Map which were prepared by Pixel using 0.6 m
resolution Quickbird satellite Image. The maps were scrutinised by the KSRAC and submitted to the
BMRDA in 2012.
The Master Plan of Kanakapura was prepared with to promote the LPAs role as a counter magnet to
Bangalore. The Bangalore Mysore Infrastructure Corridor passes in close proximity to the LPA on the
north-east which increases its development potential. There are four important growth nodes in the
LPA Kaggalipura, Harohalli, Kanakapura and Sathanur. Likewise all Master plan Proposals have
made as per the four conurbations Kaggalipura, Harohalli, Kanakapura and Sathanur.
Kaggalipura is located along the NH 206 and is closest to Bangalore. There is rapid urbanization in
the area with the construction of residential apartments. International schools and spiritual institutions
have come up in the area. Harohalli is characterized by the KIADB industrial estate which has few
industries at present. Kanakapura is the Taluk headquarter of the Kanakapura Taluk and is also a
Town Municipal Council as per Census. The area is mainly residential with few institutional buildings
to cater to the civic needs. Sathanur is the southern-most settlement in the LPA. It consists of
residential areas as few commercial and institutional setups. A township of 65 sqkm has been
proposed at Sathanur by the BMRDA to form a hub of agro processing industries with work-homeplay concept. The township would further increase the development potential of the LPA.
Sky Group
Page |E
Executive Summary
The river Arkavathi flows through the LPA and is the only perennial source of water. Depletion of
ground water is a major concern of development.
The Master Plan 2031 has been prepared to uphold the potential of the areas. There have been
some changes in landuse in the LPA under KTCP Act. All changes and approved layouts have been
retained in the Master Plan proposal. Guidelines and standards have been followed and additional
landuse has been assigned scientifically.
The concept of phasing of development has been introduced as required under section 12 (g) of
Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1861 to bring about gradual and compact development in
the Local Planning Area. The primary objective of act is to guide and regulate the developments
within the Local Planning Area in a phased manner so as to facilitate planning for the provision of
infrastructure services like water supply, sanitation, drainage, transport and social infrastructure.
Sky Group
Page |F
Salient Features of Kanakapura
SALIENT FEATURES OF KANAKAPURA LPA

1
Total Area of LPA
LPA notification date
Total no of villages in LPA
Total no of urban areas in LPA
Total no of settlements in LPA
86
District
Urban areas in the LPA
Major growth nodes
Initiation of IMP preparation
June 2006
10
Date of IMP provisional approval
April 2007
11
Date of IMP final approval
May 2009
12
Total existing developed area, 2012
13
Existing population 2011
14
Existing gross density
15
Total urbanisable area proposed in IMP 2021
16
Projected population as per IMP 2021
8 lakhs
17
Proposed density as per IMP
80 pph
18
Total urbanisable area proposed in MP 2031
19
Projected urban population as per MP 2031
6 lakhs
20
Proposed urban density as per MP 2031
67 pph
21
Proposed residential density as per 2031
167 pph
22
Urbanisable area in Phase 1
23
Density Phase 1
24
Urbanisable area phase 2
25
Density phase 2
Sky Group
412.78 sqkm
2006
85
Ramanagara
Kanakapura TMC
Kaggalipura, Harohalli, Kanakapura & Sathanur
25.65 sqkm
1.80 lakhs
70 pph
101.66 sqkm
90.75 sqkm
3137.62 Ha
115 pph
5938.03 Ha
67 pph
PART I
MASTER PLAN PROPOSALS
Chapter 1 | Introduction
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
Karnataka is one of the fastest growing states in India. It is the 9 th largest state in India in terms of
population with a decadal growth rate of 15.67%1. 38.57% of the state is urbanised with a growth rate
of 31.27%. The BMR has an area of 8005 sq km and a population of 10.57 lakhs as per census 2011.
The decadal population growth rate in the BMR is 25.68%. Needless to say, this fast growth calls for
a strategic planning to sustain the additional pressure on services and maintain the quality of life.
The BMR at present faces the challenges of a rapidly urbanising region on the verge of becoming an
international metropolis. While the strategic location, economic potential and an efficient workforce of
the area provides impetus to the process of globalization, lack of perennial water availability, rising
pressure on infrastructure in core are inevitable constraints in the process of the same. Hence a
policy of decentralisation advocates spatial distribution of population from the core to the outer less
congested areas.
Planning in India, traditionally had been largely socio-economic, restricted to a few urban centres.
The three tier planning system was often overridden by state agenda. The 73rd and 74th
Constitutional Amendment Acts, implemented in the year 1992, provide a spatial framework for
integration between all levels of planning. Known as the decentralisation agenda, the aim was to
facilitate a gradual shift in power to the grass root levels. As a part of the functional devolution, the
local bodies (LB) are now expected to perform urban planning including town planning, regulation of
land use and construction of buildings, planning for economic and social development, planning for
the poor in the society, slum improvement and up gradation and urban poverty alleviation.
The Master Plan for Kanakapura Local Planning Area has been prepared in the context of the BMR
to redefine its role for the future within the overall framework of Structure Plan 2031.
Census 2011
Sky Group
Page |1
1.2 REGIONAL SETTING

The BMR is disaggregated into six local planning areas and the Bangalore Metropolitan area which
more or less coincides with the limits of the BBMP. In order to provide sectoral and spatial synergy a
Structure Plan had been formulated for the BMR which is more or less a regional perspective plan.
The Structural Plan provides a framework for the master plan of the Kanakapura LPA.
The Structure Plan (SP) 2011 had an inductive approach to planning since it was governed by the
decentralisation policy in the BMR. Hence, the SP 2011 proposed a targeted induced population
distribution of over 7.4 lakhs in the south Karnataka Region, of which 4.9 lakhs were to be
accommodated in the BMR. The Interim Master Plan (IMP) prepared for the Kanakapura LPA for the
plan period 2021 envisaged a population of 11.22 lakhs in the LPA by the year 2021 also prepared by
an inductive approach.
The vision and the growth directions stated in the SP 2011 had not been able to live up to the pace of
growth in the BMR. Hence a Revised Structure Plan (RSP) has been prepared for the region for the
year 2031, to provide strategic policy framework for planning, ensure sectoral development and
coordination and securing consistency between the various local plans.
The Kanakapura LPA (K-LPA) Master Plan 2031

articulates a multi-year vision and plan for the LPAs
growth and development, driven by institutions that
reflect the citizens values. The master plan provides
contours of a shared vision and identification of key
issues facing the LPA in the short, medium and long
term.
It
identifies
the
development
patterns,
KANAKAPURA
infrastructure gaps and deficiencies, project and

reform priorities in the LPA in tandem with the
sectoral visions of the draft Revised Structure Plan
2031.
Fig 1.1: Kanakapura LPA in the

context of BMR
Sky Group
Page |2
1.3 PHYSIOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE
LAND
Land being a limited and fixed resource, there is competing demand on agriculture and allied
activities, non-agriculture sectors like industries, communication systems, buildings, and power
projects, new townships, mining and so on.
Demand for land from both agriculture and non-agricultural sectors are exerting a great pressure on
land resources. The demand for firewood, timber and fodder for livestock has resulted in excessive
pressure on forest and pasture lands which has progressively affected the grass and tree cover
resulting in accelerated forest and greenery (pasture) degradation leading to ecological imbalance
and environmental problems.
Pasture lands have to be provided to facilitate grazing of animals and also fodder augmentation in
community/government lands. In the LPA the pasture land appears to be significant contributor to live
stock. In the LPA special efforts have to be made to develop pasture lands to encourage animal
husbandry.
PHYSIOGRAPHY
The elevation falls from 833 m to 620 m from north of the LPA to the south up to Arkavathy valley and
increases in elevation generally towards the south-west. Terrain shows undulating topography with
varying elevation between 833 meters to 620 meters above MSL. The lowest elevation being 620 m
is found around Kanakapura town in the valley portion. The slopes vary from 20-150
metres/kilometre.
The Kanakapura LPA lies in the Cauvery basin. The main tributary of Cauvery, river Arkavathy, flows
in the LPA. LPA is covered by the sub basin of Arkavathy and drains southwards. The drainage
density and stream frequency are moderate to high (hilly zone, in northern, eastern and western part)
and medium to low in central part. Drainage map shows the drainage network is integrated with
surface water body within the LPA. The drainage pattern is dendratic and parallel. It encourages for
infiltration than runoff, as the stream frequency and density are medium to low and have good
constant channel maintenance. These drainages are controlled by structures and lithology.
Sky Group
Page |3
GEOMORPHOLOGY
Kanakapura LPA lies predominantly in Pedi plain geomorphic unit. Small patches of Structural and
Denudational hills are also traced in north eastern and southern part. The figure shows geomorphic
pattern within the LPA. This map clearly indicates that, infiltration zones are larger in area than runoff
and are suitable for ground water recharge. The potentiality will also be moderate to good.
Apart from the structural valleys, supported by the surface water bodies as showing better prospects
for ground water developments.Ground water potential clearly shows that the ground water prospects
in the valley portion is good and in majority area of the LPA, it is moderate. This can be converted as
good potential zone by adopting artificial recharge techniques.
GEOLOGY AND SOILS
The area is underlain with grey and pink granites and granite gneisses and intruded by dolomatic
pegmatite and quartz veins. The map shows the general lithological units in and around Kanakapura
LPA. The inclusions of dolorate and amphibolite dykes are also traced. The general trend of the
peninsular genesis is North West South East to North East South West. These show a steep dip
of about 70 to 80 degrees due South East. According to the Earthquake Map of Karnataka, the LPA
belongs to very low damage risk zone and is in stable belt.
Major portion of the LPA consists of red loamy sandy soils, which is moderately porous and medium
permeability. The patches of loamy, loamy clayey, sandy type of soils are noticed within the LPA.
The clayey and loamy types of soils are more in area extent in southern part than in the rest of the
LPA. Uplands show these types of soils. The map shows the soil types in and around the LPA.
The soils are favourable zones for ground water recharge. As permeability and porosity for the soils
are medium, the infiltration rates will be medium to high. Since, the characteristics are almost uniform
across the LPA; it is advisable to avoid the water polluting industries in the entire LPA to avoid
contamination of water.
There is a need for striking a balance between the competing claims of different sectors. It is
imperative to think of a systematic and scientific long range plan to harness the land resources not
only for satisfying the competing demands from various sectors, but also for ensuring sustainability
of the systems.
Sky Group
Page |4
The soils belong to the Alifisols order. Red soils are predominant. These soils have developed on
gneisses and granites and up to little extent on metamorphic rocks. These soils occur on hills, ridges,
rolling to undulating and gently sloping lands of LPA.
Table 1.1: Physiography and soil types

Physiography
Soils
Rolling lands
Deep, red gravelly clay soils
Undulating lands
Moderately deep, red clay soils

Moderately deep, red gravelly clay soils
Gently sloping lands
Deep, red clay soils
Valleys
Very deep, clayey alluvial soils with saline-sodic in patches
These are moderately eroded and severely eroded lands, which need appropriate soil, and water
conservation measures for both agricultural and non-agricultural areas for preventing further
degradation of soils.
CLIMATE
The climate in the region is hot, moist, semi-arid Ecological Sub Region with length of growing period
of 150-180 days.2 The Kanakapura Local Planning Area belongs to the Eastern Dry Agro-Climatic
Zone. The LPA experiences pleasant weather almost all throughout the year. March, April and May
are the predominant summer months while December and January constitute winter.
The nearest IMD station giving the rainfall, humidity, temperature and wind is at Bangalore. Hence,
the data was collected from the IMD station from 1998 to 2008 for the mentioned parameters to
understand the climate in the area.
Agro-ecological sub regions of India. Bull. No. 35.NBSS&LUP, Nagpur 1993.
Sky Group
Page |5
WIND DIRECTIONS
It is seen from the wind roses collected from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) at
Bangalore that the wind direction is mostly east to west. In the morning i.e., 0830 hrs, the wind is
towards west during May to September and east during November to February. Whereas, in the
evening i.e., 17:30hrs, the wind blows towards west during June to September and east in November
to March. Hence, it can be taken that the wind generally blows towards west. The strongest winds
(>19 kmph) are observed in the months from June to August.
N
2.1%
8.6%
8.0%
KLPA
28.0%
14.0%
26.9%
10.6%
1.6%
S
Figure1.2: Annual Direction of the Wind 1980-1997

Source: www.imdbangalore.gov.in
It is also observed from figure 2.1 that the annual analysis of the wind direction indicates west and
east winds. The percentage wind from the north, however, slightly outweighs the one blowing from
south.
It is seen from the IMD data from 1951-80, that the mean wind speeds are greatest in the months of
June and July .According to the Wind Map of Karnataka, the LPA belongs to Low Damage Risk Zone.
Hence, the structure design of infrastructure in the LPA with respect to wind, loading may be taken
into consideration while planning and constructing high rise structures only. Further, the location of
Sky Group
Page |6
industry, generally, should be located in a direction where wind force is going away from the human
habitation.
RAINFALL
Bangalore IMD station recorded an average rainfall of around 875 mm over the years 1998-2010. It is
observed from the IMD data provided that there are two peaks in the rainfall in Bangalore namely
May and September months. But the highest rainfall months are mainly August, September and
October.
Avg Annual Rainfall ( in mm)
KANAKAPURA TALUK AVG ANNUAL RAINFALL (MM)

1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2000
Kanakapura Taluk avg annual
1056
rainfall
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
554
413
510
938
1261
494
635
640
807
975
Figure1.3: Averageannual rainfall 2000 - 2010

The average rainfall is around 665.5 mm for Kanakapura. There are 11 raingauge stations in the
Kanakapura Taluk.
TEMPERATURE
The annual temperature in the LPA is around 24-25oC. Generally the mean minimum (January) is 1418 oC and the mean Maximum (May) is 32-35oC. The maximum temperature recorded is around 34oC
and the minimum temperature is around 14.1oC. The most appropriate building materials with respect
to temperature in the LPA are bricks and stones which are locally available.
Sky Group
Page |7
Monthly mean and maximum temperature
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUNE
JULY
Monthly mean maximum temperature (0C)
AUG
SEPT
OCT
NOV
DEC
Monthly mean minimum temperature (0C)
Figure1.4: Monthly mean and mean maximum temperature in the LPA

The table below shows the mean temperature and mean wind speed for the LPA.
It is observed
from table, that the temperature peaks around 350C in April and May months. The lowest
temperatures (15-17 oC) are observed in months of November and December.
Table 1.2: Mean temperature and wind speed in the LPA

Mean Temperature
Sky Group
Wind
Month
Daily Max.
0
C
Daily Min.
0
C
Mean wind speed in

Kmph
January
27.0
15.1
9.5
February
29.6
16.6
9.2
March
32.4
19.2
8.5
April
33.6
21.5
7.5
May
32.7
21.2
9.4
June
29.2
19.9
13.6
July
27.5
19.5
13.8
August
27.4
19.4
12.3
September
28.0
19.3
9.5
October
27.7
19.1
7.1
November
26.6
17.2
7.7
Page |8
December
25.9
15.6
9.0
Annual
28.97
18.63
9.76
HUMIDITY
The relative humidity is generally 86% during monsoon months and 63% during dry months. It can be
seen from the Figure below that, that the mornings have exhibited more humidity mean relative than
67 per cent with the highest in the months of July and August (around 87 per cent) and the lowest
humidity in the month of March. The evenings have exhibited humidity more than 31 per cent with the
highest in the months of August and October (around 69 per cent) and the lowest in the month of
March. Generally nearly 25 per cent difference is observed from mornings to evenings with the
highest differences seen in the months of January, February and March (> 35 per cent).
Monthly Mean and Relative Humidity in Kanakapura LPA
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUNE JULY
AUG
SEPT
OCT
NOV
DEC
Monthly mean relative humidity at 0830 hrs (%)

Monthly mean relative humidity at 1730 hrs (%)
Figure 1.5: Monthly mean relative humidity in Kanakapura LPA

Sky Group
Page |9
1.4 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
KANAKAPURA
Situated to the (56 km from Bangalore) South of Bangalore is on the right bank of the river Arkavathy.
The place was originally under the Gangas and later under the Cholas, who administered it as a part
of Kilalainad.
Later, the Hoysalas made it a major headquarters of province (sime). Its name was
changed as Kanakapura from its original Kanakanahalli.
But earlier it is mentioned as
Kanikaranahalli in two Hoysala records dated 1319 and 1317 A.D. from Hachchalu and Nyakanahalli
(Kanakapura tq) villages respectively. Even a recent record dated 1662 A.D by Mysore rulers from
Malagala also mention the place as Kanikaranahalli being the headquarters of a sime. The local
people universally call it as Kanikaranahalli, which is otherwise corrupted as Kankanahalli, says
Buchanan. He further says Kanikaranahalli has a Tamil origin Kani + Karna or Kanikara signifies
a proprietor of land. Kanikara literally means an accountant (Karanika) or a teller of fortune. The
fort here is said to have been erected by Jagadeva Raya, the chief of Channapatna. The remains of
the fort can be now seen near the Arkavathy bridge. The town was twice burnt or laid waste by Tipu
Sultan to prevent its being of use to the British army on their march to Shrirangapattana. The place
was conquered by Mysore rulers in 1630 A.D.
The place has temples dedicated to Ranganatha, Valakotamma, Kodandarama, Anjaneya (two), etc.
The Ranganatha temple is a huge structure with a spacious inner Prakara and a gateway having a
Rayagopura. Over the Mukhamantapa along the hara are niches enshrining are in Vijayanagara
style with a cell to the right having images of Rama, Lakshmana and Seetha. Facing this is a shrine
with a seated image of Anjaneya. The Navaranga has a seated image of Vishnu with attributes like
Shankha, Chakra, Gada and Abhaya. Perhaps, this must have been the main deity as it is locally
said that the present image of Srinivasa was installed as the original image was broken. The central
garbhagriha has a ShalaShikhara.
There is an Ardhamantapa having niches without images.
Besides the main sanctum is another cell outside to the right having a recent image of Ranganatha.
To the left of the main temple is another shrine of a Padmavati with a small Ardhamantapa and a
Navaranga.
The annual Jatra is held for a span of nine days beginning from Ugadi, when a cattle fair is also held.
The Ganesha temple is an ordinary square structure having an image in Vijayanagara style. In front
of this is a modern Kalyanamantapa. The Kodandarama temple is also an ordinary structure in
Vijayanagar style.
The Garbhagriha has a brick and mortar shikara.
There is an open
Mukhamantapa in front of the spacious Navaranga. Facing this temple is the KoteAnjaneya, a small
structure. The Kenkeramma temple is about 200 years old with a huge compound. The deity is
Sky Group
P a g e | 10
regarded as Gramadevata, will have special attraction for the devotees during its Jatra held for a
week after Ugadi when about 5000 people assemble. Nearby is another Anjaneya temple whose
image is believed to have been installed by Vyasateertha.
The Valakotamma, another temple of the village deity has an image resembling Durga. The place
has one VeerashaivaMatha called DegulaMatha.
It has a stone inscription dated 1667 of
DevarajaWodeyar of Mysore, announcing certain grants made in the Virupasamudra village by one
Timmamma, mother of a Dalavayi to the Matha.
The place has three mosques and the Jamia mosque inside the town is old, perhaps of Tipus time.
There are three Dargahs one ascribed to Hazrath Syed Yakhub Ali, who is said to have lived here
about 200 years ago.
The Urus is held at this Dargah during the month of Bakrid when more than
5,000 people assemble. The second Dargah one ascribed to Kambli Peer and the Urus is held
during Ramzan. There is also one more Dargah ascribed to Khan Khan Sab, an official perhaps of
Tipus time and the Urus is held here during Ramzan.
The place has a Roman Catholic church locally called the St. Rita built in 1964. Tippu was running a
huge workshop at Kanakapura with a steel foundry. The place has a Government Silk Filature
Factory founded in 1943. The Rural College here is a good memorial to noted Gandhian constructive
worker S Kariyappa. Malagala (two km from Kanakapura) situated across the Arkavati river (now
within Municipal limits) has a huge temple of Mahadeshwara with a spacious Navaranaga, two
Ardhamantapas and a Garbhagriha. Over the Garbhagriha is a brick and mortar Shikhara with many
stucco images. The pillars of the Navaranga are in later Vijayanagara style. This temple is older
than those in Kanakapura proper. To the left of the main temple is a separate modern shrine of
Parvati.
Outside the temple are two inscriptions. One damaged record dated 1375 A.D. of BukkarayaOdeyas
son HariharaOdeya announces one MahasamantaDoddaKallimayaNayaka making some grants to
the temple. The second record dated 1662 of DevarajaWodeyar of Mysore records rich grants for the
maintenance and car festival at the temple of Mahadeshwara and it also mentions Kanikaianahalli,
obviously referring to Kanakapura. The annual Jatra and the car festival are held during Chaitra.
There is also a Sidikamba in wood. Other temples of the place are Morasandamma (Gramadevata)
and one more small shrine of Mahadeshwara.
Kallahalli (five km from Kanakapura) is to be
approached by a deviation road to the left from the Kanakapura-Bangalore road. The place is noted
for its huge Srinivasa temple built in Vijayanagara style. The Garbhagriha has a standing image of
Srinivasa (about two meters tall). There is a brick and mortar Shikhara over it. There is a spacious
Navaranga in front of the Ardhamantapa with plain Vijayanagarapillas. The annual Jatraand car
Sky Group
P a g e | 11
festival is held during MaghaPoornima when more than 15 to 20,000 people assemble. The village
also has an Anjaneya temple. There is also a choultry managed by the Dharmasthala trust.
HAROHALLI
Located on the main road (16 km from Kanakapura) appears to have gained prominence under the
Vijayanagara rulers. The place name is referred as Haruvahalli in a record dated 1532 A.D. from the
same place. This must have been an old Agrahara granted to the Brahmanas. The place has
temples dedicated to Arunachaleshwara, Krishnaswami, Basaveshwara (old), Anjaneya, etc. The
Arunachaleshwara temple is a huge structure with a spacious inner Prakara having many small
shrines such as Someshwara, Narayana, Lakshmi and Subrahmanya.
The Garbhagriha has a
Shivalingaperphas of the Hoysala times and also has a Shikhara in Dravidian style. The Navaranga
has four Vijayanagara pillars and all of them have fine relief sculptures. There is an outer Mantapa
said to have been added by the Subedars of Haider and Tippu, SuryanarayanaIyer and
VenkateshIyer respectively.
Inside the Prakara, there are a few broken images of Hoysala
workmanship. To the left of the main temple is the shrine of Ammanavaru (Parvati). The entrance to
the temple is from the south which has a tall brick Rayagopura in Vijayanagara style and has many
stucco sculptures on Shiava themes. This temple is in an area described as fort built or expanded
during Tipus times.
The Krishnaswamy temple seen in the fort area has been totally renovated. The Garbhagriha and
the Ardhamantapa have some later Vijayanagara features. There are two cells on either sides of the
Garbhagriha and one to its right has an image of Lakshmi in it. The other to the left has an image of
Venkatesha standing with Shridevi and Bhudevi. This must be the image referred to a Vijayanagara
record found at the western wasteweir of Vengallayyanakere (outskirts) and is dated 1532 A.D.
issued by ViraPratapaAchutaraya. It states that God Tiruvengadanatha was brought to Haruvahalli
by an official VaradaTimmaya who also made land grants to the deity. In the outskirts of the village,
amidst fields is an old Bhimeshwara temple of later Vijayanagara times. The pillars of the Navaranga
have no sculptures but are square with Vijayanagara brackets atop.
Dwarapalas in relief at the entrance of the Garbhagriha.
There are impressive
The shining Shivalinga rises above the
ground level from the centre of a circular hidden (underground) Panipeetha. To the left of the main
temple is the small shrine of Ammanavaru. The village proper has two mosques in recent style .
Sky Group
P a g e | 12
SATHANUR
Situated at a distance of 10 km from Magadi has been mentioned as Sathanur in a record dated
1497 A.D. from the same place.
The place has temples dedicated to Kabbalamma, Maruti,
Svayambeshwara, VithalaGopalaswami, Shanidevaru, etc. Kabbalamma temple has a deity made

out of clay. The temple is built in Vijayanagara style with octagonal as well as square pillars. The
image of Maruti, about two meters tall, is associated with noted theorist on Hindustani Music
PundarikaVithala, the celebrated author of Ragamala, Ragamanjari, SadragaChandrodaya, etc., who
hailed from this place. The Svayambeshwara temple outside the village amidst fields is perhaps the
earliest monument built in early Vijayanagara style. Interestingly there are a few cylindrical pillars
with cushions atop in typical Ganga style. Inside the temple are placed images of Vishnu (two)
Ganapati and Durga (small). The Garbhagriha has a brick mortar Shikhara in Vijayanagara style.
One inscription stone lying to the south-east corner of the temple is badly damaged but mentions one
official Manchayya, son of Chandra Suri (perhaps a JainaPandita) granting lands to one individual
HiriyaMallinatha of Satanur in the originally of Lakshmi.
One of the striking monuments of the place is the VithalaGopalaswamy with an ordinary structure but,
an impresiveHoysala image. The black stone image of the deity is about one metre tall with two
hands, both placed on the waist. The right hand holds a mouth tied with a rope. The god is flanked
by consorts who hold a Chauri in one hand and a lotus in the other. The Prabhavali or halo has in the
upper portion well curved Dashavatara in relief amidst MakaraTorana. The inside wall of the temple
has a Nagari inscription dated 1497, which announces certain grants made by the children of one
official TirumalaSomayaji of Kaliyuru to God Vithala of Sathanur. Apparently PundarikaVithala might
have been named after this deity. Hujigallu, an interior place situated on a deviation road (four km)
from the Sathanur-Magadi road, is a place with pre-historic antiquities. There is an irregular country
road to reach the place. The place is full of dolmens situated on the verge of a hill. The hill has many
inaccesible caves. On some of the boulders at the foot of the hill there are some Jaina images and
inscriptions not so legible and they must be Nishidhi memorials. The place is fit for pre-historic
excavations.
ACHCHALU
Situated 10 km from Kanakapura and can be approached form a deviation road before Sathanur from
Kanakapura. The place name is found mentioned as Achala, headquarters of a nadu in a hoysala
record of 1318 A.D. (of Ballala III) from the same place. The village has a tall hillock having an
Sky Group
P a g e | 13
ordinary cave on in enshrining a Shivalinga called locally as the GaviMuneshwara temple. The annual
Jatra here is held during MakaraSankranti. The village proper has interesting antiquities all over and
particularly within the precincts of the Hanumantha temple. The Hanumantha image in profile is about
one meter tall and the god holds a branch of a tree in one of his hands. Nearby is a Basaveshwara
temple over a small hillock, below which is many hero-stones. There are in all, three inscriptions in
the area around the Anjanaya temple. One lying in a field is illegible but refers to the rule of
HoysalaNarasimha. The second inscription, also found in a field, states that when HoysalaBallal III
was ruling (1318 A.D.), one Maradeva of Sigalanadu made some grants to one Allappanayaka, son
of Madappa of Kanikaranahalli (modern Kanakapura) for the maintenance of a temple at Achalanadu.
The last record also found in a field is damaged, but tries to say that under Ballala III one
Mahapradhana Someyas son Javideva made certain grants to Pattanaswamy Setti, etc.
ARALALU
Situated on the banks of the Arkavathi (3 km from Kanakapura) appears to be an ancient place with
political importance especially in early Vijayanagara times when nearly a dozen hero-stones in the
places are taken into account. In a record from Nayakanahalli dated 1295 AD of HoysalaBallala II the
place is mentioned as Arulahalu under Singalanadu in a later record dated 1312 AD from the same
village. The place was the headquarters of Singalanada Prabhus. One record (Kn 97) also speaks of
Arulahalu Rajya. All the hero-stones are found in fields around the village and of these one in the
field of one Chikkamarigowda has a horse rider wielding a javelin, beautifully wrought in relief. In
same field remains of an ancient Shiva temple have been unearthed with a huge Shivalinga, perhaps
of the Ganga times. The Narayanaswamy temple here is a considerably big and its outer Mantapa
has fine pillars in Vijayanagara style with relief sculptures on them.
NarayanswamyKodugeJameenu is an inscription dated 1393 AD.
In a field called
This states that under King
ShangaAppa of Sigalanadu one ArulahalaMaragudanas son ChikkaAyivanna made certain land

grants to God Narayana (Kn 100). The annual Jatra is held here in Phalguna. The Venkataswamy
temple here is considerably big and old, and a Jatra is also held here. The Basaveswara, Maramma
and the Kollapuramma are the other temples and shrines of the place, and behind the last named are
two hero stones in a field. There is one more hero stone enshrined in a slab Mantapa across the
river, and two more hero stones in a nearby field. There is also a Basavanna shrine there.
In the Harijana colony is a hero stone illustrating a terrible war scene. Of the other two inscriptions
from the place, the one in the Agrahara to the north-east of the village is dated 1400 AD speaking of
the strengthening the sluice of the local Marasamudra Tank by a Minister Channa Vodeyar under
Hariahara II of the Vijayanagar when Malla Rayas son Narayanadeva was ruling at Arulahala. The
Sky Group
P a g e | 14
other inscriptions at the same village on a stone in the yard of Muddamma Ganiga dated 1390 AD
states that Siddaya, the Minister of Bukka Rayas Son ChannaVodeyar accepted the rules of
Arulahala in the Sigalanadu and further states that Marappa, son of AralahalaSiddaya, was wounded
in the Hegabe hill. The place also has a Gadduge of Manteswamy.
KABBAL
A border village in the taluk (14 km from Kanakapura) is noted for a vertical steep hill resembling a
Shivalinga. The place is mentioned as Kabbahala in Hoysala record by Ballala III from the same
place. At the foot of the hill is the village with a temple locally called Kabbalamma. It appears to have
been a flourishing marketing centre in that time. The deity here is referred as Kalikadevi in a
Vijayanagara record from the same place. This temple is an ordinary structure in Vijayanagara style
with square pillars without any figures. The Garbhagriha is an ordinary brick and mortar Shikara of
recent times. Besides this is a Basaveswara temple (modern). The Jatra of Kabbalamma is held
during Shivaratri for a span of one week and more than 20000 people assembled. Special poojas are
offered on every Tuesday and Friday when on an average, 500 people visit the temple. Facing the
temple is a long Konda (pit) where fire walking ritual is held during the Jatra Adjacent to this in an
enclosure having two hero stones, also being worshipped by devotees and both have inscriptions.
On the first hero stone is a record dated 1291AD by Ballala-III which states that one Sahuranna, son
of Somagunda ofKabbala died while fighting with robber son his return from HanikyurJatra. The
second hero stone has an inscription which announces several grants made by PratapaDevaraya of
Vijayanagara before goddess Kalikadevi to Veerapanchalas belonging to different crafts. To the north
of the temple is Bhairava shrine which has two masks described as of Kenchanna and Kariyanna. It
has a Prakara and a small Mukhamantapa. Above the tall vertical hill are located an old Bhimeshwara
temple, a granary, Magazine house, a small pond, etc. To climb the hill one can use the regular steps
as well as footpath having severe gradient. In the middle of the hill is a small cavern being converted
into a temple enshrining an image of god Srinivasa, measuring about half meter in height. Above the
rocky ceiling is a Shikara and there are two ponds within the precincts of this temple. The top most
portion of the hill has one more pond. The hill has fortifications all around. It was used as a durgeon
for political prisoners by Mysore rulers and Prince Chamaraja VII was confined to this place by
DalvayiDevarajayya and the Prince died here in 1734. Hyder too had confined many prisoners here
and MurarraoGorpade of Gutti was also confined to this place and was killed in 1779. Tipu changed
the name of the place as Jafferabad. Viewing from this hill in the evening, one can undergo sublime
experience of enjoying the enchanting scenes including green fields, the gold coated horizon, etc. If
necessary, amenities are further provided; this can become a lovely hill station in the district.
Sky Group
P a g e | 15
1.5 INTRODUCTION TO LPA

The K-LPA had been declared by the Govt. of Karnataka vide notification no BMRDA/KTA/2006-07,
with effect from 29.4.2006. The LPA is located in the south-eastern part of the BMR between 1223N
7741E and 1251N 7731E and spans over Ramanagara and Bangalore Urban district. It is located
at an average distance of 30km from Bangalore city. The major town in the LPA is Kanakapura which
is a Town Municipal Council.
The NH 209 is the major connector that passes through the LPA linking the LPA to Bangalore city
and Mysore. There is no railway connectivity in the LPA.
The area of the LPA is 412.78 sq. km. It comprises of parts of the Kanakapura Taluk and the
Bangalore South Taluk. It consists of 86 villages and one TMC and has a total population of 1.81
lakhs. The total urban population in the LPA is 54,021 while the rural population in 1.27 lakhs. The list
of the villages and the town are given in the table below.
Table 1.3: List of villages and population in the Kanakapura LPA

HOBLI
Sky Group
Gram Panchayat
VILLAGE NAME
CENSUS
AREA
(Ha)
POPULATION
2011
P a g e | 16
Doddamaralawadi
Cheeluru
Cheeluru
1040
3144
Doddamaralawadi
T.Hosahalli
Chikkadevarahalli
106
374
Doddamaralawadi
Cheeluru
Jakkasandra
340
1772
Doddamaralawadi
T.Hosahalli
Keeranagere
340
718
Doddamaralawadi
T.Hosahalli
T.Hosahalli
555
723
Harohalli
Doddamuduwadi
Bandiganahalli
268
517
Harohalli
Cheelur
Bannikuppe
601
1340
Harohalli
Kaggalahalli
BettahalliKaval
247
518
Harohalli
Yalachavadi
Bheemasandra
157
318
10
Harohalli
Dyavasandra
ChulakanakereKava
l
43
153
11
Harohalli
Cheelur
Devarakaggalahalli
244
557
12
Harohalli
Doddamuduwadi
Doddamuduwadi
651
1068
13
Harohalli
Dyavasandra
Dyavasandra
331
575
14
Harohalli
Hunusanahalli
Gabbadi
633
1867
15
Harohalli
Kaggalahalli
Gabbadi Kaval
90
74
16
Harohalli
Harohalli
Harohalli
1675
12988
17
Harohalli
Kaggalahalli
Hosakote
18
Harohalli
Kolliganahalli
Hulugondanahalli
552
1923
19
Harohalli
Kaggalahalli
Kaggalahalli
358
1164
20
Harohalli
T.Hosahalli
Maralagere
204
239
21
Harohalli
Harohalli
Marasandra
258
712
22
Harohalli
Kolliganahalli
Medamaranahalli
315
1519
23
Harohalli
Kaggalahalli
Mudenahalli
380
1143
24
Harohalli
Doddamuduwadi
Singasandra
362
1003
25
Harohalli
Kaggalahalli
Vaderahalli
390
1287
26
Harohalli
Kaggalahalli
Yadamadu
307
871
27
Kasaba
Tungani
Agrahara
138
476
28
Kasaba
Allimaranahalli
Allimaranahalli
402
1939
29
Kasaba
Chikkamuduwadi
Anajawadi
526
2165
30
Kasaba
Shivanahalli
Aralalu
663
1790
31
Kasaba
Tungani
Aralalusandra
582
1318
Sky Group
733
P a g e | 17
32
Kasaba
Kallahalli
Aranakuppe
178
832
33
Kasaba
Budiguppe
Baradanahalli
266
882
34
Kasaba
T.Bekuppe
Bekuppe
480
1308
35
Kasaba
Chakanahalli
Cheeranakuppe
173
821
36
Kasaba
Chikkamuduwadi
Chikkamuduwadi
567
3445
37
Kasaba
T.Bekuppe
Chokasandra
209
1205
38
Kasaba
Allimaranahalli
Ganalu
301
1353
39
Kasaba
Shivanahalli
Hanumanahalli
594
1022
40
Kasaba
Kallahalli
Kallahalli
200
1891
41
Kasaba
Kabbalu
Kanakapura (Rural)
1075
631
42
Kasaba
Tungani
Ramapura
534
1073
43
Kasaba
Tungani
Rayasandra
1178
1727
44
Kasaba
Shivanahalli
Seegekote
479
1551
45
Kasaba
Shivanahalli
Shivanahalli
1250
1799
46
Kasaba
Kallahalli
Thammasandra
674
989
47
Kasaba
Kallahalli
Tigalarahalli
73
680
48
Kasaba
T.Bekuppe
Tigalarahosahalli
482
1255
49
Kasaba
Tungani
Tungani
404
1717
50
Kasaba
Allimaranahalli
Vadedoddi
410
1265
51
Kasaba
Chakanahalli
Virupasandra
361
1812
52
Sathanur
Achalu
Achalu
1601
2498
53
Sathanur
Kabbalu
Alur
215
531
54
Sathanur
Arekattedoddi
Anamanahalli
519
599
55
Sathanur
Achalu
Bommanahalli
189
1084
56
Sathanur
Arekattedoddi
Dalimba
233
1056
57
Sathanur
Sathanur
Deshohalli
243
58
Sathanur
Honniganahalli
Halasinamaradahalli
88
361
59
Sathanur
Honniganahalli
Honniganahalli
212
959
60
Sathanur
Arekattedoddi
Hosahalli
353
115
61
Sathanur
Kabbalu
Kabbal
550
1160
62
Sathanur
Arekattedoddi
Kachavanahalli
312
1678
Sky Group
P a g e | 18
63
Sathanur
Kadahalli
Kadahalli
420
1099
64
Sathanur
Kabbalu
Kambasagara
326
805
65
Sathanur
Honniganahalli
Kemmale
362
1117
66
Sathanur
Arekattedoddi
Mudalaswamikuppe
124
18
67
Sathanur
Arekattedoddi
Naripura
108
68
Sathanur
Honniganahalli
Sasalapura
841
1595
69
Sathanur
Sathanur
Sathanur
587
4968
70
Sathanur
Kabbalu
Tailuru Forest
3478
427
71
Sathanur
Achalu
Thotahalli
292
1325
72
Sathanur
Yadugowdanahalli
84
73
Uttarahalli
Taralu
Alakabelalu
70
62
74
Uttarahalli
Taralu
Gulakamale
485
2288
75
Uttarahalli
Somanahalli
K. Chudahalli
389
1371
76
Uttarahalli
Kaggalipura
Kaggalipura
939
12070
77
Uttarahalli
Somanahalli
Naganayakanahalli
168
776
78
Uttarahalli
Somanahalli
Nelaguli
375
1189
79
Uttarahalli
Somanahalli
Nettigere
472
1846
80
Uttarahalli
Somanahalli
Ravugodlu
389
1370
81
Uttarahalli
Somanahalli
Somanahalli
540
4657
82
Uttarahalli
Somanahalli
Sunkadakatte
254
433
83
Uttarahalli
Taralu
Tharalu
601
1502
84
Uttarahalli
Taralu
Thattaguppe
383
2528
85
Uttarahalli
Kaggalipura
Uttari
496
1454
86
Uttarahalli
Somanahalli
Vaddarapalya
613
1729
The LPA also consists of a class III census town, Kanakapura, with an area of 3.71 sq. km and a
population of 54,021.
Table 1.4: TMC data in the LPA
Sky Group
P a g e | 19
SL
TMC
AREA (Ha)
POPULATION3
Kanakapura
371
54,021
OVERLAPPING VILLAGES WITH BMICA(Bangalore-Mysore Infrastructure Corridor Area)
The KPA has been declared as per the government order Number
Na Aa E: 496: MIB: 1998 dated 12-07-1999 &

Na Aa E: 62: BemRupra: 2006,
87 villages has been declared as per section 4a of KTCP act 1961, were in the villages Uttari,
Naganayakanahalli & K.Choodalli of Bangalore South Taluk have also been notified by the
government for BMICAPA. These three villages are overlapping in both the planning authorities & in
this regard correspondence with BMICAPA has been made requesting their opinion to delete these
villages from BMICAPA as for these three villages, the IMP has been prepared & as per that the KPA
has issued many planning permissions but BMICAPA has opined that they will retain three villages as
their notification was made quite earlier to KPA. With all these details KPA submitted a proposal to
BMRDA & In turn BMRDA already requested the government to take immediate decision in respect of
these three villages. However KPA is preparing the master plan as per the earlier notification & delete
the said villages after the government approval & the same will be rectified during the final approval
of the master plan.
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The Master Plan provides scope to redefine circulation pattern and landuse of the LPA in accordance
with the present trend of development. Existing problems of the study area has been addressed and
best possible solution has been provided for them.
The Limitations of the Master Plan process is the lack of primary household data and primary traffic
survey data.
Census 2011
Sky Group
P a g e | 20
Chapter 2 | Demographic and Economic Base
CHAPTER 2
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND ECONOMIC BASE

2.1 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTER
Demography is the study of human population with respect to size, composition, spatial distribution,
and changes in the populationthat occur over time. Future growth scenarios, infrastructure
requirements and utilisation of human resource for different sectors depend on the population of an
area. Hence study of population size, composition and distribution is important to Planning.
Size of the population gives an overall dimension of the physical environment and supplies a basic
yardstick for the estimation of space requirements for various categories of land use.
Studies of population composition extend this analysis to qualitative considerations like age groups,
household sizes, income levels, and needs of each segment of the life cycle. They can be used to
assist in determining the space required for facilities for all segments of the population.
Analysis of population distribution provides clues as to how these various land uses and facilities
should be located in the urban area.
The population of Kanakapura LPA, as per census 2011 and other thematic data from census 2001
has been studied and analysed to arrive at future growth scenarios and determination of
infrastructural requirements.
KARNATAKA and BMR: FACTS and FIGURES

Karnataka States population according to 2011 Census is 6.11 crores (Table 1). It is observed that
(a) the percentage growth in population has reduced from 17.25% in 1991-2001 to 15.67% in 20012011. (b) the urban percentage growth in population has increased from 29 per cent in 1991-2001 to
31.27% in 2001-2011, and (c) the urban population in Bangalore Urban District has increased from
88 per cent in 2001 to 90.94% in 2011.
Sky Group
P a g e | 21
The BMRDA area includes Bangalore Urban and Rural Districts. As per census 2011, the population
is around 105, 76,167 (105 lakhs). The percentage rural population in the area has reduced from 27
per cent in 2001 to 15.02% in 2011 and the percentage urban population has increased from 73% in
2001 to 84.98% in 2011. Hence, the area has gone through a great deal of urbanization.
Population of the BMRDA area represented 16% of Karnatakas population in 2001 and represents
17.3% of Karnatakas population in 2011. The rural population of BMR has decreased from 7% of
total rural population of Karnataka in 2001 to 4.2% of total rural population of Karnataka in 2011.
Whereas, urban population which was 34 per cent of Karnatakas total urban population in 2001 is
now 8.11%. The growth of the rural and urban population in 2011 is 7.63% and 31.27% respectively.
The urban and rural population figures of Karnataka, Bangalore Urban District, Bangalore Rural
District and BMRDA area are presented in the table below.
Table 2.1: Population Statistics in Karnataka

YEARS
AREA ( sq.
km)
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
29,299,014
37,135,714
44,977,201
52,850,562
61,130,704
22,176,921
26,406,108
31,069,413
34,889,033
37,552,529
7,122,093
10,729,606
13,907,788
17,961,529
23,578,175
3,365,515
4,947,610
4,839,162
6,537,124
9,588,910
1,499,761
1,754,394
669,409
777,137
868,971
1,865,754
3,193,216
4,169,253
5,759,987
8,719,939
1,673,194
1,877,416
987,257
1,369,908
1,470,542
719,564
303,286
406,874
267,693
Karnataka
Karnataka
Rural
1,91,791
Urban
Bangalore Urban District
Total
Rural
2,190
Urban
Bangalore Rural District
Total
Rural
Urban
2,260
Ramanagara District
Sky Group
P a g e | 22
Total
1,082,739
Rural
3,555
815,368
Urban
267,353
BMR
Total
Rural
8,005
Urban
3,365,515
4,947,610
6,512,356
8,414,540
10,576,167
1,499,761
1,754,394
2,039,317
2,247,679
1,588,535
1,865,754
3,193,216
4,472,539
6,166,861
8,987,632
Source: Census 2011

KANAKAPURA LPA: GROWTH TREND
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION IN KANAKAPURA TOWN
Kanakapura Town or TMC is the only urban settlement in the Kanakapura LPA. It has an area of 7.31
sq. km1. The table below shows population in Kanakapura TMC from 1961 to 2011. The present
population of the TMC is 54,021.
Population in Kanakapura Town
60000
POpulation
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
Kanakapura
1961
15000
1971
20000
1981
29000
1991
38000
2001
47000
2011
54021
Figure 2.1: Population in Kanakapura Town;

Source: Census 2011
Present municipal limits
Sky Group
P a g e | 23
It can be noted that the population growth in the town is less which can be attributed to lack of
economic activity and growth generators in the LPA.
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION IN KANAKAPURA LPA
The Kanakapura LPA is composed of 86 villages and 1 town. The present population of the LPA
villages (census 2011) is 126,916. Total population of the LPA, including Kanakapura TMC is
180,931. Figure 2 below shows the population growth in the LPA from1961 to 2011.
Population in Kanakapura LPA

200000
180000
160000
Population
140000
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
Kanakapura LPA
1961
83194
1971
95887
1981
125993
1991
151998
2001
170278
2011
180937
Figure2.2: Population in Kanakapura LPA

Source: Census 2011
It can be seen that the increase in population in the LPA over the years have been extremely less.
The figure below shows the growth rate from 1971 to 2011.
Sky Group
P a g e | 24
Population Growth Rate in Kanakapura LPA

35%
31%
30%
25%
21%
20%
growth rate
15%
12%
10%
6%
5%
0%
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
Figure2.3: Population growth rate in Kanakapura LPA ; Source: Census

It can be seen that there is a negative growth rate in the LPA. The trend suggests out-migration which
can be attributed to the lack of economic activities in the area.
The table below shows a comparison between the population growth in the BMR, the Bangalore
urban, Bangalore Rural+ Ramanagara and the Kanakapura LPA.
POPULATION GROWTH IN BMR, BANGALORE URBAN, BANAGLORE URBAN

DISTRICT, BANAGLORE URBAN & RAMANAGARA
10,576,167
10000000
9,588,910
8000000
Kanakapura LPA
6000000
BMR
4000000
2,069,996
2000000
180937
0
1971
1981
1991
2001
Bangalore rural +
Ramanagara
bangalore urban
district
2011
Figure2.4: Comparison of population growth,

Source: Census
It can be seen that the growth of population in the Kanakapura LPA has not been significant as
compared to the other areas of the BMR. The decadal growth rate of Kanakapura LPA is 6.25%. The
slow growth rate may be attributed to the slow pace of industrial development in the LPA. The LPA is
Sky Group
P a g e | 25
rich in agricultural produce but the agro-industry has not been supported. Migration has been a major
trend in many villages in the LPA
POPULATION DENSITY IN THE LPA
The total area of the Kanakapura LPA is 412 sq. km (approx.). The figure below shows the population
density in the Kanakapura LPA.
Population density in Kanakapura LPA
160.00
140.00
Gross density
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
Series1
Doddamaralawadi
Harohalli
Kasaba
Sathanur
Uttarahalli
kanakapura TMC
3.04
2.82
3.79
2.63
4.46
145.61
Figure 2.5: Population density 2 in Kanakapura LPA; Source: Census

It can be seen that Kanakapura TMC has a high density of 145 persons/ Ha 3 while the population
density in rest of the LPA, expressed in Hoblis is extremely low, ranging in the order of 3 to 5 persons
per hectare. The population density of the Ramanagara district is 30 persons per Hectare. The low
density is attributed to the clustered growth in the outer BMR.
The Structure Plan 2031 advocates clustered growth around exiting growth nodes; hence the future
scenario for the LPA would also follow the present trend of concentrated growth. However, new
growth centres would be promoted in the LPA around Harohalli and Sathanur to create a spur of
economic activities.
Analysis is done Hobli wise, taking average value of individual village, municipal boundary has been considered for Kanakapura TMC
Census of India and Analysis
Sky Group
P a g e | 26
URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION IN THE LPA
The urban and rural population distribution can be seen in the figure below. The urban population is
contributed by the Kanakapura TMC while the population in the villages constitute the rural
population. It can be seen that 30% of the population lives the urban areas while rural population
constitute 70% of the total population in the LPA.
Urban-Rural population distribution in the LPA

URBAN
RURAL
30%
70%
Figure2.6: Urban rural population distribution in the LPA

SOURCE: census 2011
The share of population in the LPA having access to urban facilities should be increased, especially
around the future growth nodes Harohalli and Sathanur.
SEX RATIO
Sex ratio is defined as number of females per 1000 males. The sex ratio of the Kanakapura LPA has
been shown in context of the larger framework. It can be seen that the sex ratio in Karnataka is 968 4
females per 1000 males, while that of the BMR is 935. Sex ratio is alarmingly low in the Kanakapura
Town where it is 923 females per 1000 males. The table below shows a comparative list of sex ratios
according to census 2011. Ramanagara ranks 18th among the 30 districts of Karnataka in terms of
sex ratio.
Census 2011
Sky Group
P a g e | 27
Table 2.2: Comparative table: sex ratio

AREA
Karnataka
SEX RATIO
968
Ramanagara
Kanakapura
5
Kanakapura
District
Taluk
TMC6
976
941
923
SOURCE: census 2011, 2001

The reasons behind low sex ratio in the urban areas may be the influx of male workers from the
surrounding areas in search of job. However, the ratio is also skewed in the overall Kanakapura
Taluk, indicating poor development.
CHILD POPULATION(0-6 years)
The proportion of child population in an area determines the educational infrastructure demand.
According to census 2011 data the 9.38% of the total population of the Ramanagara district belongs
to age group 0-6 years. The table below shows a comparative table of the child population proportion
in Bangalore, Bangalore rural and Ramanagara.
Table 2.3: Comparative list population under of 0-6 years,

AREA
Percentage
Bangalore
Bangalore Rural
9,88,482 (10.31%)
1,02,019 (10.33%)
Ramanagara
Kanakapura
district
Taluk
1,01,565 (9.38%)
31,868 (9.1%)
of
population in age
group 0-6 years
SOURCE: census 2011

It can be seen that the proportion of population in the 0-6 year category is almost similar in all the
three areas, though actual population count is much higher in Bangalore district. Hence the education
sector needs to be promoted in the LPA.
LITERACY RATE
According to census data 2011, the literacy rate in Ramanagara district is 69.2% which is 9% higher
than that of 2001. Literacy rate among men is 76.92% compared to 69.88% in 2001 an that among
5
Census of India 2001

Census of India 2001
Sky Group
P a g e | 28
women is 61.33% compared to 51.22% in 2001. The average literacy rate of Kanakapura Taluk is
65.1, while that in urban areas in 80.5% and in rural areas is 62.5%. Though there has been
considerable increase in the literacy rate in the region, it is abysmally poor compared to the rest of
BMR. The literacy rate of Bangalore is 88.48% the figures below show the comparative data for the
literacy rates in the district.
90
LITERACY RATE
80.5
80
73.9
66.7
70
65.1
62.5
60
56
53.1
50
43.1
46.3
40
30
20
10
0
KANAKAPURA URBAN
AVERAGE LITERACY RATE
KANAKAPURA RURAL
MALE LITERACY RATE
TOTAL
FEMALE LITERACY RATE
Figure2.7: Literacy rate in Kanakapura Taluk

Source: Census 2001
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
The human development index data, according to Karnataka Human Development Report 2005
shows that Bangalore Rural district has a human development index of 0.653 7 . The table below
shows the composition of HD8I in Bangalore Urban and Bangalore Rural district.
7
8
Karnataka Human Development Report 2005

The HDI for districts is computed on the basis of the methodology used in UNDP Human Development Report 1999. Due to the non-
availability of data on adult literacy rates for 2001, literacy rates for 7 years plus, the combined gross enrolment ratios of primary and
secondary level education (class I-XII) have been substituted. Hence, there is element of double counting in the age group 6-18 years for
educational status. It may be noted that due to changes in methodology, i.e. adopting the logarithm method in computation, there has been
a sudden increase in the values of the income index. Another important factor is that changing the base year from 1980-81 to 1993-94 for
estimation of GDP at constant prices for India and the states (introduced by the CSO) has contributed to higher values of income indices for
1991-92 and 2001-02. In Karnataka, the estimates of life expectancy at birth for districts and the state have been made on the basis of the
regression method involving the crude birth rate, the crude death rate, the rate of natural increase in population and the infant mortality rate
Sky Group
P a g e | 29
Table 4: HDI composition

Area
Health
Education
Income
HDI
Bangalore Rural
0.692
0.662
0.605
0.653
Bangalore Urban
0.705
0.887
0.666
0.753
SOURCE: Human Development Report, Karnataka 2005
It is noted that the HDI of the Bangalore Rural district is poor compared to Bangalore Urban district. It
is however higher than the national HDI of 0.621. Care should be taken at policy and proposal level to
augment the HDI status of the area and bring it at par with that of the Bangalore Urban District.
for 2001. In order to enable for the districts and the state are higher than the HDI values in KHDR I. The GDI values have also been revised
for 27 districts for 1991, so as to facilitate a comparison of GDI estimates for 1991 with those of 2001.
Sky Group
P a g e | 30
2.2 ECONOMIC BASE: INTRODUCTION

Kanakapura Taluk has been classified as Most backward Taluk in the BMR 9. The population of
Kanakapura LPA has grown from 1.7 lakhs in 2001 to 1.8 lakhs in 2011. The net growth in population
over the last decade is ten thousand, the decadal growth rate being 6.25% and the annual growth
rate being 0.58%. The annual growth rate of Bangalore urban district however is 5.1% 10. Needless to
say, the growth of the LPA has been slow. It is evident that the intensity and scale of economic
activities in the LPA are in tandem with this pace of growth.
Under the framework of the draft RSP 2031, a scenario of 75-25 population sharing between the core
and the outside is being aimed for. Since this includes inducing a considerable amount of population
from the core to the outside, there is a need to provide an economic impetus to the LPA.
Bangalore has been experiencing rapid development because of accelerated industries and
economic activities. This has resulted in growth of congestion of Bangalore, because of which there is
tremendous pressure on infrastructure. Land is becoming scarce and hence costly day by day.
Investors are opting to move outwards from Bangalore to the nearest town. Investors prefer
Kanakapura Taluk as their investment destination.
Since Harohalli is nearer to Bangalore and
already has a developed industrial base, more and more projects are proposed in this location. Thus
Kanakapura Taluk is expected to register faster economic growth.
These initiatives taken viz, development of infrastructure & housing facilities in mega scale have
enthused major investors to opt Kanakapura taluk for their investments.
WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION
The BMR RSP 2031 states the work participation rate of the BMR as a little over 41%. The workforce
participation rate of the Kanakapura town is however 17.5%11. The industrial work participation rate of
the BMR is considered to be 21%12.WPR13 of Kanakapura Taluk is 49%.
NewIndustrial Policy 2006-2011 report, Karnataka Industrial Policy 2009-2014

According to Census 2011 data
11
BMR Revised Structure Plan 2031
12
Interim master Plan 2011, Kanakapura LPA
13
Work Participation rate
10
Sky Group
P a g e | 31
WORKFORCE DISTRIBUTION
Workforce Distribution in Kanakapura Taluk
The total no of workers in a

society is comprised of the main
workers
MAIN
38%
and
the
marginal
workers. Main workers are those
NONWORKERS
51%
who have more than 100 days of

work in a year and marginal
MARGINAL
11%
workers are those who work less

than 100 days in a year. Non-
Figure 2.8: Workforce distribution in the

Kanakapura LPA, Source: census 2001
workers are those who fall in the

working age group, mainly the
unemployed and the housewives. In 2001 the percentage of main workers in the Kanakapura Taluk
was 38.1%, while the percentage of marginal workers was 11.1%. Non-workers constituted 50.9% of
the total population. The figure shows the workforce distribution in the Kanakapura Taluk.
Performance of the government employment programmes such as the PMRY, MGNREGA etc should
be analysed in the LPA to uncover the cause of unemployment in the LPA. Economic activities
should be introduced to combat unemployment and reduce out-migration.
DISTRIBUTION OF MALE AND FEMALE WORKERS

The figure below shows the gender wise distribution of the total workforce in the Kanakapura Taluk. It
can be observed that 62% of the total workforce is composed of males while the female share is
much lower comprising of just 38%
The gender wide distribution of the workers in
Gender wise distribution of workforce in
Kanakapura Taluk
each worker category can also be analysed. It

can be seen that the males constitute almost two
FEMALE
38%
third of the main workers, while in the marginal

category
MALE
62%
females
workers
constitute
the
majority. In the non-worker category, we can see

that there are much more unemployed males in
the Taluk than females. The figure below shows
the gender wise distribution of workers in each
category.
Figure 2.9: Gender wise distribution of workers; Source: census 2001

Sky Group
P a g e | 32
Gender wise distribution of Workforce in Kanakapura Taluk

120000
PERSONS
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
MALE
MAIN
90598
MARGINAL
12,709
NON-WORKERS
70,413
FEMALE
37,741
24,660
101,087
Figure 2.10: Gender wise distribution of workers in each category,

Source: census 2001
As seen in the chart above, the proportion of male main workers is almost double that of the female
main workers. Women are more marginally employed or unemployed than their male counterparts.
Measures should hence be taken at policy and proposal level to augment the share of female
workforce in the economy.
DISTRIBUTION OF WORKFORCE IN URBAN AREAS: KANAKAPURA TMC

The Kanakapura TMC constitutes the urban area in the LPA. The figure below shows the workforce
distribution in the TMC. It can be seen that 35% of the total workers are main workers, 2% are
marginal workers and 63% are nonWorkforce Distribution in Kanakapura TMC
workers.
The Kanakapura town has negligible
industries at present. The livelihood of the
MAIN
35%
people is majorly sustained by the local
NONWORKERS
63%
economy and the service sector. It can be

seen that non-worker category in the
urban area is higher than the average LPA
MARGINAL
2%
value.Increase in economic activity in the

LPA is necessary to decrease the share of
non-workers.
Figure 2.11: Distribution of workforce in Kanakapura TMC; Source:

census 2001
Sky Group
P a g e | 33
GENDER WISE DISTRIBUTION OF WORKFORCE IN URBAN AREAS: KANAKAPURA TMC
It can be seen that 24% of the total

GENDER WISE DISTRIBUTION OF WORKFORCE IN
KANAKAPURA TMC
workers are women while 76% are men.

The participation of women, as evident
FEMALE
24%
from the figure below is extremely low.
Measures should be taken to increase

MALE
76%
the work participation rate of women in

the LPA by introducing women friendly
employment schemes and improving
child care facilities and connectivity to
work centres.
Figure 2.12: Gender wise distribution of workforce in Kanakapura TMC

Source: Census 2001
GENDER WISE DISTRIBUTION OF WORKFORCE IN KANAKAPURA TMC
20,000
PERSONS
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
MALE
FEMALE
MAIN
12,727
3,935
MARGINAL
579
372
NON-WORKERS
11,311
18,136
Figure 2.13: Gender wise distribution of workforce in each category

Source: Census 2001
The gender wise distribution of workers in each category shows that, male workers constitute the
majority among Main workers. In the marginal worker category, the population of men is slightly
higher than that of women. There is a huge population in the non-worker category; clearly depicting
that unemployment rate is high among both men and women.
Sky Group
P a g e | 34
WORKFORCE DISTRIBUTION IN RURAL AREAS

It is interesting to note that total workers constitute 48% of the total population, higher than that of the
urban areas (37% in Kanakapura TMC).
WORKFORCE DISTRIBUTION IN RURAL AREAS OF
KANAKAPURA LPA
38% of the population is main workers

while 10% are marginal workers. The
figure
MAIN
38%
below
shows
the
workforce
distribution in the rural areas of the
NONWORKERS
52%
Kanakapura LPA.
MARGINAL
10%
Figure 2.14: Workforce distribution in rural

areas of Kanakapura LPA; Source: census
2001
Sustenance
activities
through
attributes
agricultural
to
higher
employment rate in the rural areas.
Nevertheless, the share of non-workers is high. The LPA falls under SEZ for agricultural facilities and
has high potential for sericulture. The opportunities should be explored in order to develop the rural
areas.
WORKFORCE DISTRIBUTION BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: KANAKAPURA TALUK
Worker distribution in Economic Activities
The worker distribution in

Kanakapura
Taluk
shows
that 53% of the total workers

HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY
WORKERS
2%
OTHER
WORKERS
22%
CULTIVATORS
53%
are cultivators while 23% are

agricultural labourers. 2% of
the
total
workers
household
AGRICULTURAL
LABOURERS
23%
are
industry
in
while
22% are other sectors. It can

be seen that
Figure 2.15: Workforce distribution in Economic Activities in Kanakapura

Taluk; Source: census 2001
Sky Group
P a g e | 35
GENDER WISE WORKER DISTRIBUTION IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

60,000
PERSONS
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
MALE
52,461
AGRICULTURAL
LABOURERS
14,953
FEMALE
25,953
19,673
CULTIVATORS
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY WORKERS
1,619
1,504
OTHER WORKERS
20,968
10,964
Figure 2.16: Gender wise Workforce distribution Kanakapura Taluk,

Source: census 2001
Gender wise distribution of workers shows that men constitute the majority of the cultivators and
other workers while women appear more as agricultural labourers. In the household industry, their
composition is more or less equal.
WORKFORCE DISTRIBUTION BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: KANAKAPURA TMC
W O R K E R D I S T R I B U T I O N I N E C O N O M I C AC T I V I T I E S :
K AN A K A P U R A T M C
CULTIVATORS
3%
AGRICULTURAL
LABOURERS
2%
It can be seen from the figure that

3%
of
the
total
workers
are
cultivators, 2% are agricultural

HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY
WORKERS
9%
labourers,
9%
are
household
industry workers and 86% workers

fall in the other workers category.
OTHER
WORKERS
86%
It is evident that majority of the

workforce
are
engaged
in
secondary sector in the urban

areas of the LPA.
Figure 2.17: Worker

distribution in Economic
Activities: Kanakapura TMC
Source: Census 2001
Sky Group
P a g e | 36
OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE
PRIMARY SECTOR
AGRICULTURAL LAND HOLDINGS
The total area in the Kanakapura
L AND U T I L IS AT ION I N KA N A KA P U RA T A L U K
Forest area
28%
Net area
sown
40%
Taluk is 159426 Ha out of which

45263 Ha lies under forests. Total
area not available for cultivation is
22000 Ha. Other uncultivable lands
amount to 13144 Ha. Fallow land in
Other
uncultivable
land
8%
Fallow land
10%
Land not
available for
cultivation
14%
the Taluk is 15272 Ha and net sown

area is 63744 Ha 14 . The figure
shows the land utilisation pattern in
Kanakapura Taluk.
Figure 2.18: Land utilization in Kanakapura Taluk. Source: Agricultural

census 2005
AGRICULTURAL LAND HOLDINGS IN KANAKAPURA TALUK
Number of holdings
Area (Ha)
44330
20448
19805
18930
14218
7150
4398
314
Marginal farmer land

holdings
Small Agricultural land

holdings ( 1-2 Ha )
Medium agricultural land

holder ( 2-4 Ha)
large agricultural land

holder (10 Ha and above)
Figure 2.19: Agricultural Land holdings in Kanakapura Taluk.

Source: Agricultural census 2005
14
Agricultural Census 2005
Sky Group
P a g e | 37
The figure above shows the agricultural land holdings in Kanakapura Taluk. 43133 Ha is the total
land under agricultural land holdings. 10.2% of the land is under large holdings, 43.88% under
medium land holdings and rest under marginal farmer held lands. It is noted that the largest
proportion of agricultural land falls under small holdings. While 14 Ha is the average size of large land
holdings, 2.64 Ha is the average medium holding size and 1.4 is the average plot size for small
landholders.
PRINCIPAL CROPS
Kanakapura LPA falls in the eastern dry agricultural zone. It consists of red loamy soil in major areas
and clay lateritic soil in other areas. Ragi, Avare, Ground nut and Niger are important Kharif crops in
the area. Major Rabi crops are paddy, horse gram, maize and castor. The table below shows the
important crop types in each category.
Table2.5: Principal crops in Kanakapura Taluk.
CATEGORY
PRINCIPAL CROPS
Principal cereal crops
paddy, jowar, bajra, maize, ragi, wheat
Principal pulses
tur, horse gram, black gram, green gram, avare, cow pea
Principal oil seeds
ground nut, sun flower, castor, sesame, niger seeds etc

cotton, sugar cane, tobacco, castor seeds, linseed, soya bean, sun
Principal commercial crops
flower
Principal vegetable crops
tomato, brinjal, beans, cluster beans, onion
Principal horticulture crops
coconut, areca nut, .mango, banana, guava etc
Table2.6: Production of major crops in Kanakapura Taluk

SL
CROP
PRODUCTION (MT)
Coconut
631.5
Arecanut
130
Banana
Mango
2.1
Sapota
2.05
The State and Central Government have signed a MoU

for establishment of Agri Export Zones (AEZ)
covering gherkins, rose-onion and flowers. Bangalore
Sky Group
Rural District including the Taluk is covered under AEZ

for gherkins and flowers. The climate of the Taluk suits
the cultivation of these commodities.
P a g e | 38
Pisciculture is also practiced in small scale in the Taluk. There are about 145 tanks in the Taluk
belonging to Panchayat and minor irrigation. There are almost 430 families that depend on
pisciculture for their livelihood. The no of beneficiaries in the Taluk under The Mahasasraya
Schemeare 17015. There are no fish markets in the Taluk.
SERICULTURE
Sericulture forms an important activity in the Kanakapura LPA as well as in the BMR. Government
has set up 10 silk exchanges in the region to facilitate trading of silk. One of the silk exchanges is
located in Kanakapura Town.
Table 2.7: Sericulture statistics of Kanakapura Taluk .
Sericulture in Kanakapura Taluk
Statistics
Area under mulberry production ( Ha )
5945.25
Cocoon Production ( in tonnes)
6591.21
No of villages engaged on mulberry
614
No of farmers engaged in occupation
13527
Value of silk produced ( in lakhs)
15315.792
No of cocoon markets in the LPA
Source: Ramanagara District book

Table 2.8: sericulture programs in Kanakapura Taluk.
Area
No of farmers under Catalytic

Development Program
Kanakapura
1278
No
under
of
farmers
Vandana
Yojna
Beneficiaries
under
Special component and

tribal sub plan.
69
66
Source: Ramanagara District book
The National Research and Development Corporation (NRDC) through CSB and in turn NSSO, in
Bangalore and CSR&TI, in Mysore had drawn schemes to identify and support financially and
technologically the sericulturists of Kanakapura area. The components are as follows:
15
Ramanagara District Book 2011-2012
Sky Group
P a g e | 39
Establishment of Chawki Rearing Centre (CRC)

Establishment of Farmers Field School (FFS) and 'on farm' training.
To sustain the sericulture industry NRDC proposed the said scheme and implemented it in the
Kanakapura Taluk.
The Chawki Rearing Centre has shown improvement in yield and also adoption of better methods of
sericulture farming in and around 20 villages of Kanakapura Taluk. The training program to the
farmers drawn from the villages is continuing batch wise at CSR&TI, Mysore. The table below shows
the infrastructure facilities available in the Taluk for sericulture.
Table 2.9: Mulberry and Sericulture Infrastructure in Kanakapura Taluk
Description
Kanakapura Taluk
Chawki Rearing Centres
21
Seeds Storage centres
48
Mulberry cultivated area (Ha)
4551
Cocoon Production (MT)
3896
No. Farmers engaged in this activity
12291
Value of silk produced ( Lakhs)
39
Source: District at a G lance, Bangalore rural, 2004 -05
Kanakapura Taluk is classified in Zone 2 i.e. potential taluks for textile development, under the
Karnataka Suvarna Vastra Neethi- 2008-2013 (Textile policy), which entitles it to receive normal
incentives for textile development. Hence, sericulture can be developed as a foremost sector using
the incentives of this scheme.
At present however there exists a cocoon market and an area earmarked for Silk industries in the
Kanakapura TMC. Industrial activity is however extremely meagre.
Sky Group
P a g e | 40
Plate: Cocoon market in Kanakapura town.

Food Park has been proposed at Harohalli by the department of Horticulture/ Food Karnataka Ltd.
QUARRYING
Kanakapura is known for its granite quarrying potential and its products are known for their export
potential.
SECONDARY SECTOR
Existing Industrial Activities in the LPA is concentrated mainly in the Harohalli region. The KIADB
Industrial Estate stage 1 and 2 host a number of small scale and medium scale industries.
TINY AND SSI SECTOR
According to the Industrial Perspective Plan of Kanakapura Taluk, the Taluk has potential for
investment of around Rs. 176 crores in 794 units in tiny & SSI sector including services. These units
are expected to generate employment opportunities for about 9000 persons. The investment
opportunities have been identified mainly in the following relatively more potential sectors:
Precision Engineering & Machine Tools

Tourism
Printing & Stationery
Textiles
Plastic & Rubber
Agro & Food Based Industries
Sky Group
P a g e | 41
Apart from these relatively more potential sectors, there are other segments, which also have
potential which include electrical, information technology, construction materials, services,
metallurgical, chemicals & pharmaceuticals and other industries have also been identified and
presented.
DISTRIBUTION OF UNITS & WORKERS IN SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES
310
200
1
0
104
87
15
1
17
165
11
1
1
19
4
95
16
32
30
11
NO OF UNITS
NO OF WORKERS
Figure 2.20: Distribution of small scale industries in Kanakapura LPA

Source: Ramanagara District Book, 2010 -2011
It is evident from records that most of the tiny and SSI units in Kanakapura Taluk have been
registered in the District Industries Centre. However, there are few un-registered units in the Taluk. It
is estimated that, un-registered units are in the range of 350 to 450 units and are mainly tailoring,
carpentry, pottery, bamboo, masonry, jelly crushing units. An estimated investment from these units
is in the range of Rs. 350 lakhs to Rs. 400 lakhs. The employment generated from these units is in
the range of 1000 to 1100 nos.
Details of proposals in the Tiny and SSI Sector are given in Annexure 5.
Artisans
There are about 5910 artisans working on different artisans based crafts in the Taluk. The major
artisans are tailors, carpenters, Handloom weavers, masons, etc. The details are furnished in the
Table.
Table2.10: Artisan Base in the LPA

Sl.
No.
1.
Sky Group
Category
No. of Artisans
Tailors
2000
P a g e | 42
2.
Carpenters
1000
3.
Handloom weavers
1000
4.
Masons
350
5.
Blacksmiths
200
6.
Leather workers
200
7.
Bamboo workers
200
8.
Dhobi
200
9.
Stone crushers
200
10. Others
200
11. Gold smiths
100
12. Potters
100
13. Electricians
60
14. Mat weavers
50
15. TV Repairers
50
Total
5910
Source: DIC, Bangalore (R) Dist.
MEDIUM & LARGE SCALE
The Taluk has potential for investment of the order of Rs.1250 crores in 168 units in Large & Medium
Scale. These units are expected to generate employment opportunities for about 50,000 persons.
The investment opportunities have been identified mainly in the following relatively more potential
sectors:
Information Technology
Textiles
Precision Engineering & Machine Tools
Infrastructure
Plastic & Rubber
Tourism
Construction Materials
There exist 4 medium scale industries in the Kanakapura LPA 16 at present. Details of proposals for
Medium and Small Scale Industries is given in Annexure 5.
16
Ramanagara District Book, 2010-2011
Sky Group
P a g e | 43
COMMERCE AND RETAIL

Trade and commerce is mainly concentrated along the major roads of the town. Dense commercial
establishments exist along the NH 209 near the KSRTC bus stand and also along the State Highway
in parts. Commercial activities mainly consist of retail activities and few whole sale activities. There
exists an Agricultural Produce market along the NH 209 which is a daily market used for exchange of
farm produce.
A commercial centre is absent in Kanakapura town.Since Kanakapura is the only town with urban
facilities in the LPA; a regional commercial centre should be located which can amalgamate functions
of a retail as well as a wholesale market.
Table 2.11: Commercial activities in Kanakapura Town
SL
MARKET NAME
LOCATION
CHARACTERISTICS
City Market
NH 209
Daily Market, mixed goods
Minor commercial establishments
SH 3 in parts
Daily Market, mixed goods
Agricultural Produce Market
NH 209
Farm produce
Source: Primary Survey
Plate: Commercial Activities in Kanakapura Town
Sky Group
P a g e | 44
EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMMES
Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)
The District Industries Center (DIC) is conducting self-employment programmes in the Taluk mainly
to provide self-employment opportunities to unemployed educated persons. In the recent times,
Under PMRY scheme, the number of persons seeking assistance has increased substantially. During
the year 2003-04, 237 cases were recommended to Banks, of which only 106 cases were
sanctioned.
During 2005-06, 211 persons received assistance out of 439 cases recommended. There is a need
to encourage more number of persons to take up self-employment activities under the scheme by
increasing the allocation of funds. The details are furnished in the Table
Table2.12: Details of PMRY Scheme

Details of PMRY Scheme
Year
Target
No. of cases
Recommended to
banks
2003-04
102
237
106
2005-06
401
439
211
Cases
Sanctioned(Nos
.)
Source : DIC, Bangalore (R) Dist.

Swarnajayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojna
The program was started in 1997 with the objectives of Addressing urban poverty alleviation through
gainful employment to the urban unemployed or underemployed poor; Supporting skill development
and training to enable the urban poor have access to employment opportunities provided by the
market or undertake self-employment and Empowering the community to tackle the issues of urban
poverty through suitable self-managed community structures and capacity building programmes17.
Swarnajayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojna (SJSRY) has benefitted more than 250 people in the
Kanakapura LPA. Almost 125 people are engaged in wage employment and 40 people are self
17
Swarnajayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojna Website
Sky Group
P a g e | 45
employed. There exist 57 groups who are benefitted under this scheme. 57 women groups have also
been taken up by SJSRY.
Table2.13: No of people benefitted by Swarnajayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojna
Kanakapura Taluk
Swarnajayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojna (SJSRY)
Employment Type
Self-employment
No of people in employment program
40
Wage
employment
125
Groups
Women groups
57
57
Source: Ramanagara district book, 2011

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act aims at enhancing the livelihood
security of people in rural areas by guaranteeing hundred days of wage-employment in a financial
year to a rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work 18. The table
below shows a list of benefitted people under MGNREGA.
Table2.14: No of people benefitted by MGNREGS
Mahatma Gandhi national Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme ( MGNREGS)
Kanakapura Taluk
No of people in employment
program
No of persons/households working
No of families availing 100
under MGNREGS
days of employment
20098
1647
Source: Ramanagara district book ,2011
18
MGNREGA website
Sky Group
P a g e | 46
Plate: Work done under MGNREGA scheme.

COMPLETED WORKS UNDER MGNREGA IN
K AN AK A P U R A T AL U K
Water
conservationan
d water
harvesting; 5%
Renovation of
traditional water
bodies; 3%
Drought
proofing; 4%
irrigation canals;
2% irrigation
facilities; 8%
Flood controll;
33%
land
development;
18%
Work related to rural connectivity

enhancement,
flood
control,
water conservation and water

harvesting,
renovation
of
traditional water bodies, drought

proofing,
irrigation
canals,
irrigationfacilities,
land
development have been carried

Rural
connectivity;
24%
out under the MGNREGA. The

other works; 3%
Rajiv gandhi
Seva Kendra;
0%
table below shows the details of

works
complete
in
the
Kanakapura taluk in the financial

year 2011-2012.
Figure 2.21: Completed works under MGNREGA in Kanakapura Taluk
Source: mgnrega.nic.in; work status report
WORK IN-PROGRESS UNDER MGNREGA IN
K AN AK A P U R A T AL U K
irrigation canals
1%
land
development
11%
irrigation
facilities
26%
conservationan
d water
harvesting
10%
completed under the MGNREGA

scheme in Kanakapura Taluk. It
can be seen from the figure above
that 33% of the completed works
Drought
proofing
14%
Renovation
of traditional
water
bodies
4%
Water
A total of 923 works have been
were flood control works, 24% for
other works
12%
Flood controll
11%
rural
Rural
connectivity
10%
connectivity
enhancement
and 18% for land development.

Rajiv gandhi
Seva Kendra
1%
The
figure
below
shows
the
distribution of in-progress works in

the Taluk.
Figur2.22: Works in-progress under MGNREGA in Kanakapura Taluk ;Source: mgnrega.nic.in; work status report
Sky Group
P a g e | 47
The figure shows a more uniform distribution of works in the various sectors. Majority of the works are
for development of irrigation facilities. Land development, rural connectivity enhancement, flood
control, water conservation and water harvesting, drought proofing and renovation of traditional water
bodies constituted the other major works.
PUBLIC AND SEMI-PUBLIC OFFICES

Kanakapura is a class II town so public and semi-public buildings are few and dispersed. The Taluk
office forms a central node around which schools, colleges, hospitals and commercial activities are
centred. The BWSSB office and the BESCOM electric substation and office are the major public and
semi pubic offices in Kanakapura Town.
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Banks are important financial institutions that are indispensible for economic growth. Kanakapura
has fairly good banking network. There are 21 nationalised banks, 5 grameen banks, one DCC and
one KSCARD bank, 22 credit cooperatives and one non-credit cooperative in the LPA.
Fig2.23: Financial Institutions in the LPA

BANKS AND COOPERATIVES
No of institutions
25
20
15
10
5
0
Kanakapura taluk
Nationalised
banks
Grameen
banks
DCC Banks
KSCARD
Banks
21
Credit co
operative
societies
22
Non credit co
operative
societies
1
Source: Ramanagara District book, 2011
Sky Group
P a g e | 48
CREDIT FACILITIES
NABARD, the apex Development Bank, has been preparing District-wise Potential linked Credit
plans (PLPs), with a view to bringing about a qualitative improvement in the credit planning exercise
undertaken annually by banks.
The Potential Linked Credit Plan looks at the resource endowments of the District, the present stage
of development in Agriculture & Rural sectors and estimates the potentials for rural economic
activities both in physical and financial terms. It also takes into consideration the present state of the
infrastructure of the District, institutional support available, the policy/thrust being given to various
sectors of the economy, etc. while estimating the realizable potential for various sectors.
Potential linked plan (PLP), prepared by NABARD for Bangalore Rural District projects a credit
requirement of Rs.462.48 crores of which Rs.41.36 crores (9%) were for non farm sector and balance
amount for other sectors.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Major strength of Ramanagara District in general, and Kanakapura taluk in particular, is

derived from the reputation of Bangalore as a preferred global destination, particularly for hitech, knowledge industries and land-intensive industrial projects.
The erstwhile Bangalore houses a substantial percentage of Fortune 500 Companies and
other MNCs in diverse sectors such as apparel, automobile, food processing, machine tools,
precision engineering, software, IT enabled services, etc.
The State Cabinet has approved the Mega Plan envisaged by Bangalore Metropolitan
Regional Development Authority (BMRDA) for infrastructure development of Bangalore Urban
& Rural and Ramanagara Districts. Some industry groups are expected to be re-located from
Bangalore (Urban) to the outskirts.
The Mega Plan proposes a network of 8-lane / 6-lane 734 km. roads comprising 284 km.
Satellite Towns Ring Road (STRR), 188 km. Intermediate Ring Road (IRR) and 262 km.
Radial Roads, to improve connectivity to all the taluks of outer BMR.
Sky Group
P a g e | 49
The existing Bangalore Dindigal Road which passes through the Taluk has been upgraded
to National Highway (NH 209) by the National Highway Authority of India and has potential for
investment in industry and tourism related projects.
The Bangalore International Airport is about 75 km from Kanakapura, is likely to provide a vital
link to international destinations enhancing the overall economic development.
The existing domestic Airport at HAL, Bangalore is 45 km away.
The flow of investment into Bangalore (Urban) will be constrained due to non-availability /
expensive land.
Ramanagara District will be the emerging investment destination for industrial segments such
as pharmaceuticals, automobiles & auto components, aerospace, apparel, food
processing, machine tools, floriculture, precision components, tooling, etc., because of
the proximity to Bangalore and due to the constraint on the availability of land in Bangalore
Urban District.
Kanakapura is known for Granite quarrying and processing and the products have export
potential.
Ramanagara District is covered under Agri Export Zone (AEZ) for gherkins, rose onion and
flowers. The climate of the Taluk suits for cultivation of these commodities.
Ramanagara District including the Taluk ranks third in milk production in the State.
Continuous market availability for milk products in Bangalore
Kanakapura Taluk is rich in attractive tourist spots viz, Sangama and Makedatu.
Scope for improvements at Sangama and Chunche falls, construction of hanging bridge at
Makedatu.
Opportunity for attracting investment in good holiday resorts, recreation clubs, hotels,
ethnic food courts, community / convention centers, nursing homes etc.
Scope for commercial exploitation of biotechnology.
Sky Group
P a g e | 50
ISSUES
Agriculture is the primary activity in the LPA and the yield is high, but in order to induce
population industrial base has to be created. Care has to be taken in the process to conserve
precious agricultural land.
Industrial activity is concentrated in the Harohalli region while activity in the rest of the LPA is
extremely low.
Even though earmarked provision for sericulture industries exists in Kanakapura town, its
growth and productivity is slow
The Kanakapura Town lacks a commercial centre.

There is a inadequate power infrastructure in the LPA for large industrial setup.
Local entrepreneurship is lagging in the LPA.
There is no perennial water source in the LPA. Ground water sources are depleting fast hence water availability is a major constraint of development.
Transport infrastructure in the LPA is poor with poor maintenance of major arterial roads.
2.3 HERITAGE AND TOURISM

The following table gives a list of tourism spots in the LPA.
HAROHALLI
Table 2.15: List of tourism spots in Harohalli

Hobli
GP
Village
Identified cultural sites

Anjaneya temple
Doddamuduwadi
Singasandra
Adishakti temple
Maramma temple
Harohalli
Anjaneya temple
Bandiganahalli
Sky Group
Maramma temple
P a g e | 51
Basappa temple
Anjeneya temple
Dodamuduwadi
Adishakti temple
Mugamaramma temple
Venugopal temple
Kaggalahalli
Gabbadi Kaval
Sri Maruthi temple

Veerabhadra temple
Maruthi temple
Mudenahalli
Muguthamma temple
Adishakti temple
Basaveswar temple (Pyramid spiritual
Hosakote
temple)
Muthurayanaswamy temple
Kaggalahalli
Church
Bisilmaramma temple
Maruthi temple
Basaveswara temple
Gabbadi
Gabbalamma temple
Maramma temple
Basaveswsara temple
Maramma temple
Vaderahalli
SidiKambaDoddamma temple
Kollapuradamma temple
Dyavasandra
Kolliganahali
Dyavasandra
Maramma temple
ChulaknakereKaval
Baireswara temple (Chulakanabetta)
Hulugondahalli
Basaveswara temple
Muthuraya temple,
Cave (Hulugavi, Kardigavi)
Yadumodu
Maruthi temple
Maramma temple
Sri Maruthi temple
Medamaranahalli
Basaveswara temple
Arunachala temple (1/1)
Harohalli
Harohalli
Hanuman temple
Gopalkrishna temple
Sky Group
P a g e | 52
Maramma temple
Byrappa temple
Marasandra
Hill stations
Chulakanabetta
Byrappabetta
SATHANUR
Table 2.16: List of tourism spots in Sathanur

Hobli
Gram Panchayat
Identified heritage sites
Village
Yadugowdanahalli
Basaveswara temple
Maruthi temple
Kachavanahalli
Mahadeswara temple
Maladevaralinga temple
Arekattedoddi
Dalimba
Basaveswara temple
Hosahalli
Anjaneya temple
Dandinadevi temple
Kadahalli
Kadahalli
Basaveswara temple
Basaveswara temple
Honniganahalli
Uttarayana temple
Darga
Sathanur
Honniganahalli
Basaveswara temple
Saslapura
Maremma temple
Valamahadeswara temple
Siddapajiswamy Temple
Bommanahalli
Muneswara temple
Basaveswara temple
Anjaneya temple
Achalu
Thotahalli
Ramadevi temple
Kardimaremma temple
Muneswara temple
Achalu
Basaveswara temple
Gurumalleshana cave
Sky Group
P a g e | 53
Narayanaswamy cave
Maruthi temple
Dhabaleswara temple
Maremma temple
Ram temple
Parangi (British) bungalow
Darga
Sathnur
Jama masjid
Sathnur
Laxmi temple
Siddappaji temple
Ashur Khan (Allabigudi)
Shanidevar temple
Kabbalamma temple
Basavanna temple
Kabbalu
Kabbal
Basaveswara temple
KabbalammaDurga
KASABA
Table 2.17: List of tourism spots in Kasaba

Hobli
GP
Village
Budiguppe
Baradanahalli
Identified cultural sites

Basaveswara temple
Narasimhaswamybetta
Someswara temple
Chikkamuduwadi
Chikkamuduwadi
Basaveswara temple
Gangaleswara temple
Anjanawadi
Someswara temple
Chakanahalli
Cheeranakoppe
Basaveswara temple
Kallahalli
Aranakuppe
Veerabhadreswara temple
Kasaba
Maramma temple
Shivanahalli
Seegekote
Basaveswara temple
Anjaneya temple
Sky Group
P a g e | 54
Narayanaswamy temple
Chikkammana temple
Aralalu
Venkataramana temple
Mahadeswara temple
Veerabhadraswamy temple
Anjaneyaswamy temple
Shivanahalli
Kyathammana temple
Dabbagulappa temple
Venkataramaswamy temple
Hanumanahalli
Maramma temple
Tigalarahalli
Muttappa temple
Thammasandra
Basaveswara temple
Kallahalli
Venkteshwar temple
T.Bekuppe
Chokkasandra
Kalmath cave
Allimaranahalli
Ganalu
Anjaneya temple
Kallahalli
Doddamana temple
Tungani
Aralalusandra
Basaveswara temple
Masavamma temple
Anjaneya temple
Rayasandra
Gavigangadharayya temple
Maruthi temple
Benati temple
Someswara temple
Maramma temple
Tungani
Gopalswamy temple
Telamangalamma temple
Shanimahatma temple
Arasamma temple
Anganaya temple
Basaveshwar temple
Ramapura
Mahadeshwar temple
Dandinmaramma temple
Sky Group
P a g e | 55
UTTARAHALLI
Table 2.18: List of tourism spots in Uttarahalli

Hobli
GP
Villages
Identified Cultural Heritages

Patalammatemple 19
Anjaneyatemple (GramaTana)
Kaggalipura
Kaggalipura
Basaveswaratemple (18)
Anjaneyatemple
Anjaneyatemple
Uttari
Basaveswaratemple
Venkataramaswamytemple
Anjaneyatemple
Basavannatemple
Somanahalli
K.Chudahalli
Kabbalammatemple
Chellapuradammatemple
Marammatemple
Uttarahalli
Jeevalammatemple
Anjaneyatemple
Nelaguli
Muttalammatemple
Siddeswaratemple
Anjaneyatemple (GramaTana)
Maramma temple
Nettigere
Pattaladammatemple
Muneswaratemple - 103
Gundanjaneyatemple
Ravugodlu
Uttarayaswamitemple
Taralu
Sky Group
Somanahalli
Anjaneyatemple
Thattaguppe
CarmelMatheDevalaya (GramaTana)
P a g e | 56
KONDHARAMAR TEMPLE
KABALAMMA TEMPLE
KABALAMMA TEMPLE
SANGAM
CHENNEKESAVA TEMPLE
Sky Group
P a g e | 57
Chapter 3 | Housing and Urban poor
CHAPTER 3
HOUSING AND URBAN POOR

3.1 HOUSING
INTRODUCTION
Housing comprises the largest land use component in any urban planning. Further, it is a multifaceted and multi-dimensional activity. Today it is understood that housing transcends much beyond
the concept of physical planning parameters and embraces socio-economic components as well.
Good housing is linked to good health and nutrition, better employment opportunity, better living and
quality of life.
Housing is certainly a basic human need. No single type of housing can serve the varied needs of
todays diverse households. Whether a home owner or renter, senior citizen, school aged child or
disabled adult, all residents need an affordable, comfortable and safe place to live. A place is better
to live and work when a variety of appealing and affordable housing options exist.
Affordable housing has a positive impact on educational outcomes, health, and wealth accumulation.
Hence housing initiatives must be viewed in the back ground of overall economic development and
the needs of the people. The State Housing Policy aims to provide Affordable Housing for All. The
poorer sections of the society often do not have access to formal land markets and access to
financial institutions. Supplementing the condition is the severe mismatch of demand and supply
arising from dynamic socio-economic conditions and inadequate land policies which make affordable
housing scarce.
Providing housing is not limited to provision of a built structure. The Karnataka Housing and Habitat
policy, 2009 therefore advocates a Habitat approach to housing, which translates into access to
basic services such as water, sanitation, clean fuel, electricity, healthcare, education and livelihood.
Hence the aspects of water supply, sanitation and waste disposal should be taken into account
during spatial planning of residential areas.
Sky Group
P a g e | 58
RESIDENTIAL LAND USE IN KANAKAPURA LPA

The area under residential land use in the major settlements in the Kanakapura LPA is shown in the
table below. The total area under residential Landuse in Kanakapura LPA is 550.87 Ha which is
approximately 1.34% of the total area. However, majority of the LPA is undeveloped; hence the
developed residential area forms 6.8% of the total developed area.
Table3.1: Existing area under residential land use in major settlements in

the Kanakapura LPA
Major settlements in
Kanakapura LPA
Area under Residential

land use (Ha)
Percentage of total land

under conurbation limit
Harohalli
172.94
3.78%
Kanakapura TMC
325.91
11.86%
Sathanur
92.31
4.68%
Kaggalipura
132.65
6.17%
Total
550.87
1.34%
Source: Landuse survey

HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
Household size: Ramanagara District

9+ members 1 member
2 member
3%
5%
11%
6-8 member
17%
3 member
17%
5 member
17%
4 member
30%
It can be seen from the figure that the

average household size in the district is 4,
represented by 30% of the total households.
There are about 17% of 3 members, 6-8
member and 5 member households and 11%
of 2 member households. The average
household size in the district is 3.72.
It can be seen that 63% of the population
have household size of 4 and below, which might be a result of migration in the Bangalore Region
from other parts of the state.
Figure: Distribution of Household size in Ramanagara district; Source:

Census 2011
Sky Group
P a g e | 59
NUMBER OF HABITABLE ROOMS
The
No of habitable rooms: Ramanagara District
Four room Five
room
Three room 3%
1%
9%
figure
below
shows
the
distribution of houses by no of
Six rooms and

above
0%
habitable rooms 1 . It can be seen

that majority of the houses (40%)
No exclusive
room
21%
are one room houses. 26% of the

houses are two room houses while
Two room
26%
9% are three room houses. 21% of

the
One room
40%
houses
however
have
no
exclusive rooms.
60% of the population has one or no
exclusive rooms, which suggests
low habitable rooms per person. Habitable rooms per person is an important housing indicator, the
present data suggests poor housing condition.
Figure3.2: Distribution of households by habitable room

Source: census 2011
FLOOR MATERIAL
The distribution of households by
Flooring Material:Ramanagara DISTRICT
flooring material in Ramanagara

Mosaic floor
tiles
8%
Others
0%
district shows that 68% of the

Mud
22%
Wood/bamboo
0%
houses have cement floors, 22%
Burnt stick
1%
Stone
1%
Cement
68%
have mud flooring while 8% have

mosaic floor tiles. Stone, burnt stick,
wood and bamboo constitute minor
proportions of the flooring material.
Hence majority of the houses are of
pukka character.
Figure3.3: Distribution of households by flooring material ; Source: census

2011
Census 2011 data was available for Ramanagara District level only
Sky Group
P a g e | 60
WALL MATERIAL
The
Wall Material-RAMANAGARA DISTRICT

Others
0%
Concrete
5%
Plastic/Polythen
e
0%
Grass/Thatch
4%
figure
below
shows
the
distribution of houses by wall

material. It can be seen that 51%
of the houses have burnt bricks
Mud/Unburnt
brinks
29%
Burnt bricks
51%
as wall material while 29% have

mud/un-burnt bricks as the wall
material. 11% of the houses have
Stone
11%
Wood
0%
G.I.
sheets/metal/as
bestos sheets
0%
walls made of stone
Figure3.4: Distribution
of households by wall
material
Source: census 2011
ROOF MATERIAL
The major roofing materials in the district are grass/thatch, plastic/polythene, tiles, brick, stone/slate,
G.I. sheets/metal/asbestos sheets etc. It can be seen from the figure below that 49% of the houses
have
Roofing Material-RAMANAGARA DISTRICT
Others; 0% Grass/Thatch;
10%
Plastic/Polythen
e; 0%
Concrete; 16%
G.I.
sheets/metal/as
bestos sheets;
22%
tiles
materials,
their
while
roofing
22%
G.I./metal/asbestos
16%
of
the
have
sheets.
houses
have
concrete roofs, while 10% have

grass or thatch. Plastic, stone
Tiles; 49%
and slate also constitute the

roofing
Stone/slate; 3%
as
material
in
minor
proportion of the houses.
Brick; 0%
Figure3.5: Distribution of households by roofing material

Source: census 2011
Sky Group
P a g e | 61
AVAILABILITY OF FACILITIES
The figure below shows the distribution of houses in Ramanagara district by the availability of
facilities. It can be seen that 75.3% of the houses avail bathroom facility, 10.2 have bathroom
enclosure without roof and 14.5% have no bathroom. 54.6% of the houses have open drainage, 13.4
% have closed drainage while 32% houses have no drainage facility. Kitchen facility is available for
88.8% of the houses, 7.6% of the houses have no exclusive cooking space while 3.3% cook in open.
AVAILABILITY OF FACILITIES IN HOUSEHOLDS: RAMANAGARA DISTRICT

100
no of households
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Bathroom
RAMANAGARA DISTRICT
Bathroom
no
enclosure
bathroom
without roof
75.3
10.2
14.5
closed
drainage
open
drainage
no drainage
kitchen
available
cooking
inside
house
13.4
54.6
32
88.8
7.6
cooking in
no cooking
open
3.3
0.3
Figure3.6: Distribution of households by availability of facilities

Source: census 2011
HOUSING TYPOLOGY
The houses in the LPA are predominantly of permanent nature. Single and double story houses are
predominant, though three and four story houses are also frequent in a few pockets. Most of the
houses are self-owned plotted developments. The plate below shows the major housing types in the
LPA.
Sky Group
P a g e | 62
Mud walled thatch roofed
Plotted developments
Mud walled tile roofed

Low rise
apartments
Mud walled tin roofed
Plate: Housing types in Kanakapura

ORGANISATIONAL SETUP
The principal housing supplier in Karnataka is the Department of Housing which consists of three
departments through which the various schemes are implemented. The table below shows the
institutional setup in the housing sector.
Table3.2: Organizational setup in the housing sector

Source: www.housing.kar.nic.in
Departments
Department of Housing,
Rajiv Gandhi Rural Housing
Govt. of Karnataka
Corporation Ltd (RGRHCL)
Sky Group
Housing Schemes
Rural Ashraya Housing Scheme including

Navagrama Housing Scheme and the Pilot
P a g e | 63
scheme of GPHP.
Urban Ashraya Housing Scheme.
Rural and Urban Ashraya Sites Schemes
Dr.Ambedkar Housing Scheme
Neralina Bhagya
Housing for Special occupational groups
Gram Panchayat Housing scheme
Navagrama Housing Scheme
Karnataka Housing Board
Hundred Housing Schemes programme
(KHB)
Chief Ministers Model town Housing programme

Slum Improvement
Karnataka Slum
Site and Services programme
Development Board (KSDB)
Nirmala Jyothi Scheme

Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojna
HOUSING SCHEMES IN KANAKAPURA LPA

ASHRAYA SITES SCHEME AND ASHRAYA HOUSING SCHEME
The Ashraya scheme is a housing scheme introduced by the Govt. of Karnataka to aid people in
economically weaker section, in both urban and rural areas to avail improved housing through
financial assistance in the form of loans and subsidies. The maximum value for financial assistance
including both loan and subsidy is 20,000 in rural areas and 25,000 in urban areas. Under the
Ashraya rural housing sites scheme free house sites may be distributed to the houseless
beneficiaries of the EWS in rural areas. The tables below shows a list of housing sites allotted and
houses constructed under Ashraya scheme in Kanakapura Taluk.
Table3.3: Housing sites allotted under Ashraya Scheme in 2010 -11

Kanakapura Taluk
Sites allotted
Scheduled
Scheduled
Caste
Tribe
174
119
Others
Total
769
1062
Source: Ramanagara District Book

Table3.4: Houses constructed under Ashraya Scheme in 2010 -11
Kanakapura Taluk
Sky Group
Scheduled
Scheduled
Caste
Tribe
Others
Total
P a g e | 64
Houses
Constructed Under
Ashraya
Scheme (2010-11)
153
12
452
617
Source: Ramanagara District Book

It can be observed that a total of 1062 sites have been allotted under the Ashraya scheme. 174 sites
have been allotted to scheduled castes and 119 to scheduled tribes, while the rest have been allotted
to other castes. 617 houses have also been constructed under these schemes. 153 houses have
been for scheduled castes, 12 for scheduled tribes and 452 for others.
INDIRA AWAS YOJANA
Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) is a flagship scheme of the Ministry of Rural Development to provide
houses to the poor in the rural areas. The objective of the Indira Awaas Yojana is primarily to help
construction/up gradation of dwelling units of members of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, freed
bonded labourers, minorities in the below poverty line category and other below poverty line nonSC/ST rural households by providing them a lump sum financial assistance.
Table: Houses constructed under IAY in 2010 -2011

Source3.5: Ramanagara district book
Kanakapura Taluk
Houses constructed under IAY
in Kanakapura Taluk
Scheduled
Scheduled
Caste
Tribe
487
133
Others
Total
428
1068
DR. B.R.AMBEDKAR SCHEME
Ambedkar Housing scheme is an initiative for providing housing to the economically weaker section
and the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in rural areas. Under this scheme a maximum
financial assistance of 20,000 may be provided for construction of houses.
Table3.6: Houses constructed under special scheme in 2010 -2011
Houses
Constructed
B.R.Ambedkar Scheme
Under
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Total
45
52
Source: Ramanagara district book

Sky Group
P a g e | 65
SPECIAL HOUSING SCHEME FOR FISHERMEN

Houses have also been constructed under Special Housing Scheme for Fishermen in the LPA. A
total of 4 units have been constructed according to government data , hence it can be assumed that
the impact of the scheme in the LPA is considerably low.
Table3.7: Houses constructed under special scheme in 2010 -2011

Kanakapura Taluk
Houses Constructed Under Special Scheme
For Fishermen
Scheduled
Scheduled
Caste
Tribe
Total

INTEGRATED HOUSING AND SLUM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
The basic objective of Integrated Housing and Slum Development programme is the holistic slum
development with a healthy and enabling urban environment by providing adequate shelter and basic
infrastructure facilities to the slum dwellers who do not possess adequate shelter and reside in
dilapidated conditions as identified by the Urban Local Body.
Table3.8: Features of IHSDP

Housing
Only
Physical Infrastructure
in-situ
housing
provision of 25 sq. m
Component
plinth
area
with
two
rooms, kitchen and toilet

at a cost of Rs.80,000/per unit
Social Infrastructure
Water Supply
Roads
Drains
Community
Seva
Community Toilet
Kendra
Community Bath
Community Centre
Street Light
SWM
It was decided that 20%

beneficiary contribution to
Contribution
be
considered
for
all
categories of population
20% contribution from

state /ULB
20%
contribution
from
state
/ULB
of all the towns.
The sharing of fund between Central Government and State Government/ ULB/ Parastatal is 80:20.
Under the ISHDP scheme, 720 units have been constructed in Kanakapura LPA.
Table3.9: houses Constructed under IHSDP
Sky Group
P a g e | 66
Town
No of units
Kanakapura
727
3.2 HOUSING SHORTAGE

The total no of census houses in Ramanagara district is 3,51,784 out of which 33,840 are vacant and
3,17,944 are occupied. The total population of Ramanagara district is 10,82,739 2. The number of
households in the district is 2,35,378 3. It can be seen that housing shortage does not exist in
terms of number of houses as per census data of Ramanagara District; hence primary housing
survey is required to estimate the housing shortage in the LPA.
However, census data suggests that the housing indicators performance (facilities in dwelling unit,
no of habitable rooms per person) in the LPA is poor, implying poor condition and congestion in
dwelling unit which is an indicator of housing shortage.
There is an increasing trend of township development in the LPA. Private developers have entered
the housing market with elaborate housing schemes. Residential townships are presently under
construction near Kaggalipura and Harohalli in properties abutting the NH 209 4. Needless to say,
industrial development and proximity to Bangalore will increase population in the LPA and would
augment the current trend of residential township development.
Plate: Upcoming housing projects in Kanakapura LPA
Census 2011, source census2011.co.in

Assuming a household size of 4.6 for Karnataka according to National Health Survey 2007
4
Primary Survey
3
Sky Group
P a g e | 67
3.3 URBAN POOR AND SLUMS

The total slum area in the Kanakapura LPA is 16 Acres and 31 gunta. There are 13 slums in total out
of which only 8 are registered. The ownership and the details of the declared slums are specified in
the table below.
Table3.10: Declared slums in Kanakapura TMC

Slum
Ward No
Status
Population
1. Kurupete
21
Declared
551
2. Budhigere
Declared
250
Declared
394
3. Kotehalla
4. Maharaja Katte
16
Declared
370
5. Mele Kote - Vinayaka Nagar
12
Declared
510
Declared
614
Declared
352
Declared
610
6. Jaya Prakash Nagar

7. Behind KSRTC Bus Stop
8. Megalu Harijana Colony

9. Degulamatha Road
Identified
350
10. Ajeez Nagar
16
Identified
2950
11. Behind IPP Hospital
10
Identified
1700
12. Indira Nagar
16
Identified
1350
13. Thotihola
16
Identified
435
TOTAL
10436
Source: Ramanagara District Book, 2010-2011
Plate: Kurupete slum, Kanakapura Town

Sky Group
P a g e | 68
ISSUES
1. PROVISION OF HOUSING FOR INDUCED POPULATION: Induced population constitute a
major proportion of the future population of the LPA. As such, the present housing supply is
inadequate for the future growth scenario.
2. CONDITION OF DWELLING UNITS: Condition of dwelling unit is poor in many parts of the
LPA. As such they would not contribute to the housing stock in future.
3. Low habitable rooms per person in the LPA suggesting housing shortage.
4. SLUM IMPROVEMENT: Slum Improvement Schemes have to be introduced in the LPA to

recognise the slums and provide for their upgradation.
Sky Group
P a g e | 69
Chapter 4 : Existing landuse and Transportation
CHAPTER 4
EXISTING LANDUSE AND TRANSPORTATION

4.1 EXISTING LAND UTILISATION
The Kanakapura LPA is comprised of part of the Kanakapura Taluk and the Bangalore South Taluk. It
is a part of the Ramanagara district. The major growth nodes in the LPA are Kanakapura town, which
is a class III census town, Harohalli which has been identified as an industrial growth node due to its
spatial proximity to Bidadi and Ramanagaram town, Sathanur which has been identified as a potential
growth centre and is the location of the upcoming township and Kaggalipura in the north, which has
the potential of being developed into the fourth node in the LPA. Besides these nodes the rest of the
LPA has sparse development, as their economic mainstay is agriculture.
Tables below show the existing land utilisation and landuse in the LPA.
Table 4.1: Existing land utilization in the LPA, 2012

LANDUSE
DEVELOPED/BUILT UP AREA
AGRICULTURE
WATER BODIES
FOREST
TOTAL
AREA
(IN HECTARES)
AREA
(IN SQ KM)
PERCENTAGE
2565.92
36517.12
1249.86
945.10
41278
25.66
365.17
12.50
9.45
412.78
6.22%
88.47%
3.03%
2.29%
100.00%
Table 4.1 A: Existing land use in the LPA, 2012

LANDUSE
RESIDENTIAL(including Gramthana)
COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL
PUBLIC & SEMI PUBLIC
PARK & OPEN SPACE
PUBLIC UTILITY
TRANSPORTATION
VACANT LAND
SUB TOTAL
AGRICULTURE
WATER BODIES
FOREST
GRAND TOTAL
Sky Group
AREA
(IN HECTARES)
AREA
(IN SQ KM)
PERCENTAGE
2299.52
21.95
11.64
59.71
13.82
48.64
105.13
5.51
2565.92
36517.12
1249.86
945.10
23.00
0.22
0.12
0.60
0.14
0.49
1.05
0.06
25.66
365.17
12.50
9.45
412.78
89.62%
0.86%
0.45%
2.33%
0.54%
1.90%
4.10%
0.21%
100%
-
41278
P a g e | 70
EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN: KANAKAPURA TOWN

The total area of the Kanakapura Town developed area is 3.13 sqkm. The table below shows the
existing land use of Kanakapura is shown in the table below.
Table4.2: Existing Land use distribution in Kanakapura Town, 2012

LANDUSE
AREA
(IN HECTARES)
AREA
(IN SQ KM)
PERCENTAGE
RESIDENTIAL
216.31
2.16
68.90%
COMMERCIAL
14.92
0.14
4.75%
INDUSTRIAL
2.21
0.02
0.70%
22.44
0.22
7.15%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
5.58
0.05
1.78%
PUBLIC UTILITY
8.43
0.08
2.69%
TRANSPORTATION
43.83
0.43
13.96%
VACANT LAND
0.21
0.02
0.07%
313.94
3.13
100%
GRAND TOTAL
Residential land use
The Residential area contributes to around 68.90 per cent of the developed area. These are mainly
concentrated in wards 3 to 9. The older areas have higher density when compared to the new
extensions. These wards have organic growth pattern with irregular plot sizes and irregular pattern of
roads. The newer extension shows a regular grid iron pattern of growth.
Commercial Land Use

The Commercial area is only 4.75 per cent of Kanakapura; commercial activities are along the NH
and SH passing through the town. These commercial establishments cater to the day to day needs of
Sky Group
P a g e | 71
the people and mostly consist of petty shops. Other daily commercial setups are distributed sparsely
in various wards. Most of the main roads have developed mixed land use.
Industrial Land use

There is negligible (less than 1 per cent) industrial area in the town. This mostly includes the silk
industries, small scale industrial layout and granite industry. These are distributed along some main
roads of the town.
Public and semi-public Land use

Around 7.15 per cent of the area belongs to Public & Semi Public use, which mostly consists of
schools, rural college, temples, hospital and government department buildings. Most of the buildings
are located along the East-West axis abutting the main roads in the central portion of the town.
Smaller areas of public and semi-public use are found all along the residential areas in the form of
schools and temples.
Parks/Playgrounds/Open Spaces
Parks, Playgrounds & Open spaces is around 1.78percent of the total area. There are no organized
parks in Kanakapura. Hence the playgrounds and open spaces some of which are burial ground
contribute to the area. The area under play grounds is bare minimum. The old areas having high
density do not have lung spaces. Incidental open spaces are found due to the irregular growth pattern
of the town.
Utilities and services

Utilities and Services include water tank area, substation, etc., contributing to 2.69 per cent of the
town area.
Traffic and transportation

The area under this land use accounts to 13.96percent of the total area of the town. The NH 209 and
SH 92 form the main connectivity to the town. The road pattern shows a hierarchy of road widths
varying from less than 3m lanes to 9m cross roads and 12m main roads. The condition of the roads in
the old parts of the town is moderate. The location of the bus depot/terminal adds to the congestion
along the road. The NH and SH have high mixed traffic flow.
Sky Group
P a g e | 72
EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN: HAROHALLI

Harohalli is a village in the Kanakapura LPA, has a population of 12988 persons as per census 2011.
The land use distribution is shown in the table below:
Table4.3: Existing Land use distribution in Harohalli, 2012

LANDUSE
AREA
(IN HECTARES)
AREA
(IN SQ KM)
PERCENTAGE
RESIDENTIAL
74.91
0.74
69.13%
COMMERCIAL
3.60
0.03
3.32%
INDUSTRIAL
4.91
0.049
4.53%
4.98
0.049
4.60%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
1.54
0.015
1.42%
PUBLIC UTILITY
0.00
0%
TRANSPORTATION
18.42
0.18
17.00%
VACANT LAND
0.00
0%
108.37
1.08
100%
GRAND TOTAL
Residential
The above table indicates the existing land use of Harohalli conurbation area in Kanakapura LPA.
Out of the total area in Harohalli, residential forms the major land use and accounts to about 69.13
percent of the total area.
Transportation
17% of the land comes under traffic and transportation. The major connectivity is through the NH 209.
The road widths vary according to the levels of accessibility. The KSRTC bus stand is located at the
critical junction of the NH 209 and Maralwadi-Anekal road.
Public and Semi Public
4.60% of the land is under Public and Semi Public use and is located along the NH 209. This land
use consists of government schools, hospitals, religious buildings, hostel and gram Panchayat offices
and related buildings.
Sky Group
P a g e | 73
Commercial
Commercial accounts for 3.32% of the total land use and most of them are daily commercials in the
form of petty shops. These are mainly distributed linearly along the State Highway and the Maralwadi
Anekal road.
Parks and open spaces

The land under parks, playgrounds and open spaces accounts to 1.42%. Harohalli village does not
have any type of organized parks or open spaces.
EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN: SATHANUR

Sathanur conurbation area has a population of 4698 as per census 2011 and an area of 72.27
hectares. The land use distribution is shown in the table and figure below.
Table4.4:Existing Land use pattern Sathanur, 2012

LANDUSE
AREA
(IN HECTARES)
AREA
(IN SQ KM)
PERCENTAGE
RESIDENTIAL
47.86
0.48
66.22%
COMMERCIAL
1.43
0.14
1.98%
INDUSTRIAL
0.15
0.01
0.21%
PUBLIC & SEMI

PUBLIC
9.81
0.09
13.58%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
1.44
0.014
1.99%
PUBLIC UTILITY
0%
TRANSPORTATION
11.57
0.11
16.01%
VACANT LAND
0%
72.27
0.72
100%
GRAND TOTAL
The figure indicates the existing land use of Sathanur village. Out of the total area, 66.22% of land
use is under Residential. The residential density is very low and the households are sparsely
Sky Group
P a g e | 74
distributed. Parks, Playgrounds and open spaces account for 1.99% of the total land use. These are
located next to the public and semi-public uses.
16.01% of land is under Transportation and 13.58 % of land is under Public and semi-public use,
mostly concentrated along the south eastern end of the village. The public buildings include schools,
PHC, religious buildings and government offices.
EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN: KAGGALIPURA

Kaggalipura has a population of 12070 as per census 2011 and a developed area of 185.71 hectares.
The table below shows the distribution of land use in Kaggalipura.
Table 4.5: Existing Land use distribution in Kaggalipura, 2012
LANDUSE
AREA
(IN HECTARES)
AREA
(IN SQ KM)
PERCENTAGE
RESIDENTIAL
74.80
0.74
40.28%
COMMERCIAL
2.00
0.02
1.07%
INDUSTRIAL
4.37
0.04
2.35%
22.48
0.22
12.10%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
5.26
0.05
2.83%
PUBLIC UTILITY
40.21
0.40
21.65%
TRANSPORTATION
31.31
0.31
16.86%
VACANT LAND
5.30
0.05
2.85%
185.71
1.85
100%
GRAND TOTAL
The pie diagram indicates the existing land use of Kaggalipura village. Out of the total area, 40.28%
of land is under Residential land use. The residential density is very low and the households are
sparsely distributed. Parks, playgrounds and open spaces account for 2.83% of the total land use.
16.86% of land is under transportation and 12.10% of land is under public and semi-public mostly
distributed linearly along the Kanakapura Bangalore road passing through the village. These public
Sky Group
P a g e | 75
buildings include schools, PHCs, religious buildings and Government offices. Commercial accounts to
1.07% of the total developed area located along the Kanakapura road.
LAND OWNERSHIP PATTERN IN THE LPA

The total area of the Kanakapura LPA is 412 sq km or 101270 Acres approximately. The total govt.
land ownership is 19603 Acres. The distribution of government and private land in the LPA is shown
below.
Land ownership in the LPA
total govt land;

19%
total private
land; 81%
Figure4.1: Land ownership in the LPA.

Source: Ramanagara District handbook
Sky Group
P a g e | 76
4.2 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION: INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the transportation scenario in Kanakapura Local Planning Area. Key issues like
road network and its characteristics, impact of enhanced regional connectivity due to formation of the
STRR, PRR, ITRR, its potentials and drawbacks have been discussed here. 2.23%of the total area in
the LPA is devoted to transportation.
REGIONAL LINKAGES
ROAD LINKAGE
The Kanakapura LPA is well connected to the various urban centres of the region. It is intercepted by
the NH 209 which connects Bangalore to Mysore. Traffic volume on this road is low as major traffic in
the Bangalore-Mysore corridor flows through SH 17 (Mysore road). The PRR, the STRR and the IRR
are proposed regional roads that pass through the LPA. The PRR is the northernmost road in the
LPA which connects to NICE corridor in the north-west and the Bannerghatta Main Road in the east.
The IRR connects Harohalli to Bidadi in the west and Anekal in the east. The STRR connects
Kanakapura town with Ramanagaram town in the west and Anekal in the east.
LINKAGE OF IMPORTANT GROWTH NODES IN THE KANAKAPURA LPA: HAROHALLI
Harohalli is intercepted by NH209, which connects the town to Bangalore in north and Kanakapura in
the south. Harohalli is connected to Bidadi by a regional road, which joins the Mysore Road (SH 17)
near Bidadi town. The Anekal-Harohalli road connects it to Anekal town in the east. The Maralwadi
road is another regional road in the town that connects Harohalli to Dhodda Maralwadi.
LINKAGE OF IMPORTANT GROWTH NODES IN THE KANAKAPURA LPA: KANAKAPURA TOWN
Kanakapura town is a class III census town. It is intercepted by the NH 209 which connects the town
to Harohalli in the north and Sathanur in the south. The SH 3 connects Kanakapura to Ramanagara
in the west and Hunasanahalli in the east. The SH-92 (Kanakapura-Sangam road) is another important
regional road.
Sky Group
P a g e | 77
LINKAGE OF IMPORTANT GROWTH NODES IN THE KANAKAPURA LPA: SATHANUR
Sathanur is a village that lies in the southern end of the LPA. The NH 209 connects it to Kanakapura
in the north and Malavalli in the south. Sathanur is connected to Channapatna in the north and to
Cauvery river valley and the elephant corridor in the south.
4.3 RAIL LINKAGE
There is no rail
linkage at present in
the LPA. The draft
RSP 2031 however
proposed a railway
corridor in the region,
connecting Sathanur,
Kanakapura and
Harohalli with
Bangalore.
SEAPORT
The nearest seaport is at Mangalore, which is about 380 km and Chennai Seaport is around 415 km
from Kanakapura Town. The existing Mangalore Port is an all-weather port-providing gateway for
exports & import trade throughout the year.
AIRPORT
The nearest airport at present is the Bengaluru International Airport, Bangalore at a distance of
about 90 kms from Kanakapura Town.
Sky Group
P a g e | 78
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN KANAKAPURA LPA

BUS TRANSPORT SERVICE
Major travel demand between Bangalore and Kanakapura is catered by KSRTC buses which forms
the major mode of transport in the LPA. KSRTC bus stands are located in Kanakapura town,
Harohalli and Sathanur. Private bus service is also present in Kanakapura Town and Harohalli
connecting the villages and towns of the LPA with Bangalore.
Plate 7.1: KSRTC bus stand in Kanakapura

PARATRANSIT SERVICE
Para-transit or Intermediate-transit service like Auto-rickshaw service exists in Kanakapura Town and
Harohalli. Both intra-settlement and inter-settlement service is available. Organised auto stand is
located in Kanakapura town beside the KSRTC bus stand.
Plate7.2: Auto stand in Kanakapura and Harohalli

Sky Group
P a g e | 79
ROAD NETWORK AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS

The total area under the Kanakapura LPA is 412 sqkm. The total area under traffic and transportation
landuse is 2.23%. The table below gives a list of major road categories in the LPA.
Table4.6: Road category in Kanakapura Taluk
Sl
ROAD CATEGORY
ROAD LENGTH
MAINTAINED BY
National Highway
47
PWD
State Highway
78.5
PWD
Major District Roads
505.35
PWD
Other district roads
785.4
PWD
Forest roads
21
FOREST DEPT
Source: PWD, Forest Dept

Kaggalipura
The National Highway (NH) 209 runs from north to south forming the major arterial road in the
transport network in the LPA. The Bannerghatta Road is a major regional road that originates in
Kaggalipura and connects the town to Bangalore in the east. The Agara main Road connects the
town to Dinnepalya and further west. Local roads form the rest of the road network in the town.
Table4.7: Road inventory, Kaggalipura town

Sl
Name of
road
Hierarchy
RoW
(ft)
Carriag
Metalled/
eway
Non-
(ft)
metalled
No of
Street
lanes
Lights
Foo
Median
tpat
h
Yes
1
NH 209
NH
70
30
Metalled
Yes
(within
municip
No
al limits)
2
Bannerghatta
Arterial
Road
Road
Sky Group
30
21
Metalled
Partial
No
No
P a g e | 80
Agara Main
Sub-
Road
arterial
30
15
Partially
Metalled
No
No
No
Plate7.3: Road condition in Kaggalipura
Harohalli
The National Highway running North-South forms the arterial road in Harohalli town. The AnekalBidadi road forms a major link in east-west connectivity, connecting Anekal in the east and Bidadi in
the west. Local streets form the rest of the road network in the town.
Table 4.8: Road inventory, Harohalli town

Sl
Name of
road
Hierarchy
RoW
Carriageway
(ft)
(ft)
Metalled/
Nonmetalled
No of
Street
lanes
Lights
Median
Foot
path
Yes
1
NH 209
NH
70
30
Metalled
Yes
(within
municipal
No
limits)
Anekal2
Bidadi
Arterial
35
24
Metalled
Partial
No
No
Road
Sky Group
P a g e | 81
Plate7.4: Road condition in Harohalli

Kanakapura
Road network inventory has been carried along the major roads in the Kanakapura Town. After an
initial reconnaissance survey, the following roads have been shortlisted as major roads in the town.
All major roads are metalled and all roads besides the national Highway consist of two lanes. Median
is present on the National Highway within the municipal limits. Streetlights are present in almost all
major roads. Footpath is not present in any of the major roads in the town. The table below lists out
the inventory of the major roads in the LPA.
Table 4.9: Road inventory, Kanakapura town

Sl
Name of
Hierarch
RoW
road
(ft)
Carriagewa
Metalled/
Non-
(ft)
metalled
No of
Street
lanes
Lights
Median
Footpath
Yes
1
NH 209
National
Highway
70
30
Metalled
Yes
(within
municipal
No
limits)
2
SH 3
NH-SH link
road
SH
24
20
Metalled
Yes
No
No
Collector
26
20
Metalled
Yes
No
No
Collector
24
18
Metalled
Yes
No
No
Kanakapura
4
- Malagalu
Rd
Sky Group
P a g e | 82
Plate7.5: Road condition in Kanakapura

Sathanur
The major roads in Sathanur besides the NH 209 is the Sathanur Channapatna Road which connects
Channapatna to Sathanur and the Sathanur-Muthathi Road which connects Sathanur to the Cauvery
river valley and the Elephant Corridor in the south. The Road network in Sathanur is composed
mainly of local roads. The inventory of major roads is listed in the table below.
Table 4.10: Road inventory, Sathanur town
Sl
Name of
Hierarch
RoW
road
(ft)
Carriag
Metalled/
eway
Non-
(ft)
metalled
No of
Street
Media
Footpat
lanes
Lights
Yes
(within
1
NH 209
NH
70
30
Metalled
Yes
munici
No
pal
limits)
Sathanur2
Muthathi
Arterial
21
18
Metalled
No
No
No
Arterial
36
14
Metalled
No
No
No
Road
3
SathanurChannapatna

Sky Group
P a g e | 83
CONNECTIVITY, ACCESSIBILITY AND ROAD DENSITY

The connectivity of the region is measured in terms of length of roads in km per sq km of area. The
road density of the Planning area is 0.948 km per sq. km of area, compared to the national value of
.115 km of road per Sqkm1.
The World Bank report for Rural accessibility index says Rural access is measured in terms of no of
people within 2kms (walking distance of 20-25 min) of an all-weather road as a percentage of the
total rural population. An all-weather road is a road that is accessible all year round by the prevailing
means of rural transport (typically a pick-up or a truck which does not have four-wheel-drive).
Occasional interruptions of short duration during inclement weather (e.g., heavy rainfall) are
accepted, particularly on lightly trafficked roads.
The relationship between transport and poverty reduction is neither straightforward nor automatic.
However it is apparent that improvements in transport have the greatest impact on poor people when
made in concert with activities in other sectors. It is similarly apparent that development in other
sectors will be hampered without attention to transport issues.
Accessibility in urban areas can also be defined in terms of kilometres of road length per 1000
people. As per data, the accessibility index for Kanakapura Taluk is 4.47 km per 1000 population.
TRIP CHARACTERISTICS
There is no defined Central Business District or Commercial Area in the Kanakapura Town, though
commercial activities are concentrated mainly along the National Highway and the State Highway.
More over the entire town has a predominant residential land use. So deriving specific trip directions
is not possible. However, the KSRTC bus stand can be considered as the origin and destination of
major outstation trips in the peak hours.
(*Source World Bank report: India, Transport at a glance)
Sky Group
P a g e | 84
VEHICULAR GROWTH PATTERN

As per Ramanagara district statistics 2010-2011, there are approximately 23,000 registered vehicles
in Kanakapura Taluk. The table below shows the vehicular statistics of Kanakapura Taluk. The figure
below shows the share of the vehicle types in the Taluk.
Table4.11: Vehicle distribution in Kanakapura Taluk

SL
CATEGORY
NO OF VEHICLES
Goods Vehicles
1423
Buses
39
Motor Cabs
219
Maxi Cabs
197
Three Seated Vehicles
880
Four To Six Seated Vehicles
987
Two Wheelers
14212
Cars
2239
Jeeps
10
Omni Bus
45
11
Tractors
1251
12
Trailers
1237
13
Ambulance
14
Others
275
TOTAL
23008
Source: RTO
It can be seen from the figure below that, two wheelers constitute the largest share of the vehicles in
the Taluk followed by four wheelers.
Sky Group
P a g e | 85
Vehicles in Kanakapura
Goods vehicles
Buses
motor cabs
0%
0% 1%
0%
0%
6%
5%
maxi cabs
1% 1%
6%
three seated vehicles
4%
4%
10%
four to six seated vehicles

two wheelers
cars
jeeps
omni bus
tractors
62%
trailers
ambulance
others
Figure4.2: Vehicles in Kanakapura Taluk

Source: RTO
FREIGHT MOVEMENT
The KIADB industrial estate is the major industrial area in the Kanakapura LPA. Since the National
Highway 209 is the primary regional linkage, it forms the major corridor of freight movement. Phase 1
and 2 of the Industrial Estate has been commissioned presently and occupancy of the plots is
presently low2, hence the impact of freight movement on the traffic flow is not visible presently.
However, with increase in the number of industries in Harohalli and development of Harohalli-Bidadi
Industrial corridor, a separate freight route would be necessary, especially around the Kanakapura
Town, which sees heavy traffic on the NH 209.
Primary Survey observation
Sky Group
P a g e | 86
MAJOR ISSUES
Road hierarchy is non-existent in the road network of Kanakapura Town. As such all major
traffic flows through the NH 209 and SH 3. Proper segregation of intra-settlement and intersettlement traffic is essential to ensure unhindered flow to regional traffic.
Regional Freight route originating in the industrial areas should be delineated to avoid conflict
with normal traffic flow.
On street parking of two wheelers and four wheelers on NH 209, SH 3 and other major roads
cause hindrance to regional traffic flow. Adequate parking facility should be provided in the
commercial areas.
Sky Group
P a g e | 87
Plate 7.6: Issues in LPA: Parking situation in commercial areas,

inadequate road width
The regional roads in the LPA SH3, Bannerghatta main Road, and Anekal-Bidadi Road
have inadequate carriageway width and are ill maintained3. Initiative should be taken to
improve the existing regional linkages of the LPA.
The National Highway has given rise to major commercial activities in the adjacent properties
in Kanakapura Town. Pedestrian-vehicular traffic movement conflict is hence a major problem.
Footpaths and adequate pedestrian transfer facilities are required in the areas.
Primary Survey observation
Sky Group
P a g e | 88
Chapter 5 : Infrastructure
CHAPTER 5
INFRASTRUCTURE
5.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
WATER SUPPLY
Water supply is related to the main themes in the development agenda poverty alleviation,
environment protection, private sector led growth, participatory development and good governance.
The growth process and the expansion of economic activities inevitably lead to increasing demands
for water for diverse purposes of which drinking and domestic needs attains paramount importance.
However this essential commodity for sustenance of life is not adequately available to a large number
of people especially in the rural areas and even in parts of urban settlements. Domestic and industrial
water needs have largely been concentrated in and around principal cities but with steep population
hike, demand for water is increasing at a superfast pace. As a result water, which is already a scarce
commodity, is going to become a scarcer commodity in future.
Water quality deterioration has also set in and maintaining water quality is a foremost requirement. It
is one of the most crucial elements in planning. Efforts to develop, conserve, utilize and manage this
immensely important resource have to be whole heartedly made keeping the National perspectives in
view. AT the same time a strong database needs to be prepared to monitor and integrate the water
based activities like city planning, industrial planning and development etc. Serious wastage of water,
water loss in transmission, wastage by public are also issues that need to be addressed.
SITUATION APPRAISAL: RAMANAGARA DISTRICT

The figure below shows the distribution of households in Ramanagara district by the source of
drinking water. According to census 2011, 80% of the households are supplied by tap water and 16%
by tube wells. Smaller number of households is supplied by wells (0.7%), hand pumps (1.6%) and
spring water (0.1%).
Sky Group
P a g e | 89
AVAILABILITY OF DRINKING WATER SOURCE

Tap-From Treated Source
Tap- From Untreated source
WELL- covered
WELL uncovered
Handpump
Tube well
Spring
River, canal
Tanks, pond, Lake
Any other source
Figure5.1: Distribution of households by availability of drinking water

source; Source: HH series data, census 2011
LOCATION OF DRINKING WATER SOURCE
It can also be seen from the figure

AWAY
14%
above that only 29% of the households

WITHIN THE
PREMISES
29%
have a drinking water source in the

house
premises.
Majority
of
the
households (57%) avail drinking water

NEAR THE
PREMISES
57%
from a source near premises, while

14% of the households avail water from
a source away from premise.
Figure 5.2: Distribution of households by location of drinking water

source; Source: HH series data, census 2011
SOURCE: URBAN AREAS
BWSSB supplies water to Kanakapura Town along with Bangalore. Hence there are no town level
pumping, distribution and treatment facilities for the surface water source. Cauvery is the surface
Sky Group
P a g e | 90
water source to the LPA. The surface sourceis Cauvery River at a distance of 10km from the town.
An average of2.5 MLD of water is drawn from thesource through BWSSB pipelines.
SOI maps followed by field observations supplemented by WRDO reports, indicates that there exists
many lakes and tanks network systems in the conurbation area and neighbouring villages. The
ground water source includes134 borewells out of which 74 borewells are fitted with power pumpand
the remaining bore wells arefitted with handpumps. A total of 1.5MLD of water is extracted from
borewell sources. The present water supply to thetown is 4.8 MLD 1 with per capita rate of water
supply being 75-80 lpcd.
Table 5.1: Water supply source for Kanakapura TMC

SL
SOURCE OF WATER
YEILD
Cauvery River
2.5 MLD
Ground Water Source
1.5 MLD
Source: CIP for Kanakapura TMC, 2007
WATER SUPPLY NORMS PRESCRIBED BY CPHEEO
The per capita domestic requirements as per norms prescribed by Central Public Health and
Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO), Ministry of Urban Development, and Govt. of
India are as under:
Table 5.2: Water Supply standards CPHEEO

Sl
Category
Towns provided with piped supply but without sewerage system
Norms for W/S (litres per

capita per day)
70
Cities provided with piped supply for which sewerage system is

2
existing/ contemplated
135
Metropolitan and Mega cities provided with piped water supply

3
where sewerage system is existing / contemplated
150
Kanakapura Town Municipal Council website: www.kanakapuratown.gov.in
Sky Group
P a g e | 91
DOMESTIC WATER DEMAND IN THE KANAKAPURA LPA
The present water demand in the Kanakapura LPA has been calculated as follows:
Table 5.3: Present Domestic water requirement in Kanakapura LPA

SL
AREA
POPULATION
PER CAPITA
WATER
CONSUMPTION
PER DAY (litres)
WATER DEMAND
(MLD)
Kanakapura TMC
54021
135
7.3
Villages in LPA
126916
552
6.9
TOTAL
14.27
The domestic water requirement of the Kanakapura TMC @ 135 lpcd is calculated to be 7.3 million
litres per day, while that of the villages is 6.9 million litres per day.
GAP IN DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY

The present supply of water in Kanakapura town is 4.8 MLD while the present demand calculated
according to CPHEEO norms is 7.3 MLD. As such there is a deficit in supply
DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY GAP IN KANAKAPURA TMC 2011

8
7
6
5
4
VOLUME (Mld)
3
2
1
0
PRESENT DEMAND
PRESENT SUPPLY
Fig5.3: Domestic Water Supply Gap in Kanakapura LPA
CPHEEO norms
Sky Group
P a g e | 92
INDUSTRIAL WATER DEMAND
724 acres of industrial area have been proposed in the Landuse Plan of the LPA. According to the
Industrial Perspective Plan, 794 Tiny and SSI Units have been proposed and 168 Large and Medium
Industries have been planned. The water requirement is calculated (from existing supply at Bidadi
cluster) to be 3.3 MLD for the industrial area,
WATER TREATMENT AND TRANSMISSION: URBAN AREAS
There is no water treatment plant in Kanakapura Town. The head works are located at
Jakkegowdnadoddi constructed on banks of River Cauvery at a distance of about 10 KM from the
town. The town doesnot have separate town level water pumping and raw water storage system for
the surface water source.The BWSSB which provides water to Bangalore city also provideswater to
the Kanakapura town. The treated water is distributed through the BWSSBpipelines to the service
reservoirs.The borewell water is pumped by pumping stations located at Malagala road and Rural
police station. The pump house at Malagala road is situated on the banks of Arkavati River. It pumps
water from 3 borewells and supplies to a 75 KL sump.From there it is pumped to OHT at
Chamundeshwara choultry using submersible25HP pump with 100% standby. The pump house at
rural police station also has asump of 75KL and pumps water from 3 borewells by 25 HP pump with
100% standby. It is further pumped to the service reservoir.
EXISTING STORAGE CAPACITY: KANAKAPURA
There are 4 Over Head Tanks (OHTs) and 2 Ground Level Storage Reservoirs (GLSR) in the town.
The total storage capacity of the reservoirs in the town is 3.05ML (2.45 ML in OHT and 1.5ML in the
GLSR). The details of the service reservoirs in the town are listed in the table below.
Table 5.4: Details of existing storage reservoirs

SL
LOCATION of OHT
CAPACITY (in Lakh Litres)
OHT
1
Near rural police station / Raghavendra tent house
Sky Group
10.00
P a g e | 93
Near IB
10.00
Near rural police stn / Raghavendra tent house
4.50
Chamundershwari choultry
4.50
GLSR
1
Malagala pump house
0.75
Near rural police stn / Raghavendra tent house
0.75
TOTAL
30.5
Source: CIP for Kanakapura TMC
WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE: KANAKAPURA TOWN
The total length of existing distribution network in the city is 50 km. The distribution network coverage
is 75% with comparison to existing road length of 67 km. The status of water supply in Kanakapura
Town is shown in the table below:
Table5.5: Municipal water supply source in Kanakapura Town

Source of Water
No of existing units
No of bore wells fitted with hand pumps
54
No of bore well with power pump
89
No of domestic water supply connections
5159
No of commercial water supply connections
151
No of public taps
1563
Source: www.kanakapuratown.gov.in
WATER SOURCE: VILLAGES
Surface water, tanks and ground water are the primary sources of drinking water in rural Kanakapura.
The Major and Medium irrigation projects are potential sources for drinking water supplies in their
respective command areas. Cauvery if the major source of drinking water in the urban areas though
Sky Group
P a g e | 94
rural areas are excluded from its coverage. There is a recorded history of providing priority to tank
development in each village. They were primarily meant for irrigation and as a source of drinking
water. Their development was mostly done on a aquifer basis and was in a networked and cascading
manner i.e. over-flow of upper (higher elevation) tank used to reach the next tank and so on until the
last tank (lower most elevation) was filled. Their capacity was decided more on the basis of local
needs. Geology and soil type make ground water recharge favourable in the LPA. Hence ground
water is a major source of drinking water.
WATER QUALITY
With increasing industrialization, urbanization and deforestation, the quality of water resources
available to mankind is deteriorating day by day. The supply of drinking water in terms of both quality
and quantity is a major concern now. Out of many chemical and biological contaminants in drinking
water, excess Fluoride and arsenic are of the utmost concern due to their serious health impacts. The
study conducted by Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission during 1990-1992 has reported 15
States (including Karnataka) endemic for the Fluorosis. Therefore, effective surveillance and
monitoring of water quality becomes very important in the state of Karnataka.
The quality of drinking water affects health of the consumers because certain bacteria and microbial
diseases, toxic chemical compounds etc. can be transmitted to the human body through water.
Experience has shown that community health and water quality is directly related to each other and
that an improvement in the quality of drinking water supply is followed by an improvement in
community's health. The Karnataka Ground Water Quality Data report3 says that out of 612 villages
in the Kanakapura Taluk, 16 villages were affected with excess fluoride in drinking water while 4
villages were affected with excess Iron.
ISSUES
1. The per capita water supplied to Kanakapura Town at present is 75-80 lpcd, which is
considerably lower than the 135 lpcd stipulated by the CPHEEO norms. As such there is
water scarcity in the LPA. The gap between supply and demand would increase in future as
shown in figure 9.3.
Prepared by Karnataka Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency
Sky Group
P a g e | 95
2. At present only 75% of the Kanakapura TMC is covered by the water supply network,
whereas ideally the entire town should have access to potable water.
3. Excess fluoride (above 1.5 ppm)4 and iron in drinking water has been reported in the villages
of Kanakapura posing serious threat to health.
4. Brackishness in water has also been reported in ground water in rural areas. Such
characteristics of water are highly harmful for public health and should be removed by
treatment.
5. Only 20% of the total population get treated water from taps. Water treatment is an important
aspect of water supply
6. 14% of the population avail water from a source away from their dwelling unit. Care should be
taken to provide potable water within or near the dwelling unit for the entire population.
7. Water supply system should be designed in consideration with the natural topography of the
land, to assure adequate water pressure in all areas.
Karnataka Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency report
Sky Group
P a g e | 96
DRAINAGE AND SANITATION

CPHEEO suggests standards for physical level of sanitation services according to population of
urban and rural centres. For sanitation, it is envisaged to achieve 100% of population coverage for
Class I urban areas (population 1 lac and above), 80% of population coverage in other urban centres
with provision for sewerage, sewage treatment facilities and low cost sanitation methods. However
the shortfall in achieving the target is significant. According to projection of Census of India 2001, only
73.7% of the urban population has access to latrine facilities of various types and it is estimated that
by the year 2025, more than 50% of the countrys population will settle in urban areas when issue
related to sanitation in urban areas will assume a very serious dimension. Needless will be to
mention, sanitation has a close and direct link with environment, water supply and its cleanliness,
health and hygiene. The problem of sanitation, associated with steep influx of population in urban
areas, therefore needs to be addressed forth with, debated and deliberated at length, by the policy
planners for the development of urban/city areas. The capital-intensive nature of sewerage system
has put many roadblocks in urban planning primarily due to weak financial positions of most of the
ULBs
INTRODUCTION
Efficient sewerage and sanitation system is a pre requisite for maintaining health and hygiene in
society. Diseases, especially water borne diseases spread due to unsanitary conditions. Due to rapid
growth of population in Kanakapura LPA, additional pressure would be created in the existing
network. Hence, upgradation and extension of the system is necessary.
DRAINAGE NETWORK
The general topography of the town slopes towards the River Arkavathy which flows adjacent to the
town. The total length of drains in the town is approximately 55km out of which 8km of drains is in
major valley portions. 33 km of the total drains is of pukka type and 13km is kachha type. The storm
water drains also receive partial sullage since the town is only partially covered by underground
drainage system.
With respect to the existing road network, there is 70% coverage of storm water drains in the town.
Sky Group
P a g e | 97
SEWERAGE GENERATION IN THE LPA
The sewage generation is approximately assumed to be 80 % of total net water supply has
beenconsidered out of which water supplied for green areas, washing streets, Horticulture, Fire
fighting would cover the ground water infiltration. Present sewage generation in the LPA is calculated
as shown in the table below.
Table 5.6: Sewage generation in the LPA,2011

SL
AREA
POPULATION
Water consumption (Mld)
Sewerage generation
(Mld)
Kanakapura TMC
54021
7.29
5.83
Villages in LPA
126916
6.98
5.58
14.27
11.42
TOTAL
*Calculated @ 80% of total water supply as sewage .
UNDERGROUND SEWERAGE SYSTEM
Kanakapura Town is only partially covered by underground sewerage system. A total of 71.6 km of
sewerage network is proposed to be laid to cover the entire town area. 19.28 Ha land has been
acquired in Aralalu village for construction of Sewage Treatment Plant (STP).
DISTRIBUTION OF SANITATION FACILITIES
Availability of toilet facilities in Ramanagara district

Toilet facility
present within
premises
42%
The
figure
below
shows
the
availability of toilet facilities in the

Ramanagara district. It can be seen
that only 42% of the households
have toilet facility present within
Open
defecation
56%
their premises. 1.8% uses the

community toilet while 42% go for
open defecation.
Community
Toilet
2%
Sky Group
P a g e | 98
Figure 5.4: Availability of sanitation facilities in Ramanagara district,

Source: census 2011
Percentage of households
Availability of Toilet Facility Kanakapura taluk

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Bathroom
facility Kanakapura
Taluk
Percentage
53.4
Bathroom
facility-Rural
Areas
48.1
Bathroom
Toilet faciltyToilet facilty- Toilet faciltyfacilityKanakapura
Rural Areas Urban Areas
Urban Areas
Taluk
87.4
24.8
15.6
83.6
Figure 5.5: Availability of toilet and bathroom facility in Kanakapura

Taluk
Source: District statistical Handbook, census 2001
It can be seen from the statistics of the Kanakapura Taluk that, 53.4% of the households in the Taluk
have access to bathroom facility while only 24.8% had access to a toilet. Thus more than half the
population in the LPA lives without a toilet facility. In urban areas however, 87.4% of the households
have access to a bathroom and 83.6% have access to a toilet. The situation is alarming in the rural
areas where only 15.6% of the households have access to a toilet.
RURAL SANITATION
Promotion of rural sanitation is being carried out through the implementation of Nirmala Grama
Yojane. Providing toilet facilities to primary schools with water supply facility is also a component of
the programme. Efforts have also been made to create awareness among the people on hygiene and
cleanliness through the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC).
ISSUES
The critical issues for sewerage and sanitation in the Kanakapura LPA are as follows:
Sky Group
P a g e | 99
1. Access to toilets in rural areas is alarmingly poor (15.6%). Abandoning of open defecation is
needed not only for human health but also for economic and social development. It pollutes
ground water, contaminates ground water and spreads diseases like diarrhoea and cholera.
2. Underground sewerage system has only partial coverage in Kanakapura town whereas ideally
the entire town limits should be under coverage.
3. In majority of the urban area surface drains are either absent, improperly constructed and
maintained or are blocked.
4. There is lack of municipal maintenance of the drainage system.
5. Total coverage of the town area is absent.
Plate 9.1: Drainage network in Kanakapura LPA
Sky Group
P a g e | 100
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
Solid waste can be defined as material that no longer has any value to the person who is responsible
for it, and is not intended to be discharged through a pipe. It is generated by domestic, commercial,
industrial, healthcare, agricultural and mineral extraction activities and accumulates in streets and
public places.
The production of solid waste in an urban area is an attribute of the socio economic profile of the
population and activities in the area. More the city is developed; more is the generation of wastes.
Again, the pre dominance of the industrial and commercial land use in the city increases the
generation of wastes.
It is estimated that about 1, 00,000 MT of Municipal Solid Waste isgenerated daily in the country. Per
capita waste generation in major cities rangesfrom 0.20 Kg to 0.6 Kg. Generally the collection
efficiency ranges between 70 to90% in major metro cities whereas in several smaller cities the
collectionefficiency is below 50%. It is also estimated that the Urban Local Bodies spendabout Rs.500
to Rs.1500 per tonne on solid waste for collection, transportation, treatment and disposal. About 6070% of this amount is spent on street sweepingof waste collection, 20 to 30% on transportation and
less than 5% on final disposalof waste, which shows that hardly any attention is given to scientific and
safedisposal of waste.
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Waste generated in a society can be classified, as per CPHEEO as follows:

Residential waste:This category of waste comprises the solid wastes that originate from single and
multi-family household units. These wastes are generated as a consequence of household activities
such as cooking, cleaning, repairs, hobbies, redecoration, empty containers, packaging, clothing, old
books, writing/new paper, and old furnishings etc
Commercial waste:Included in this category are solid wastes that originate in offices, wholesale and
retail stores, restaurants, hotels, markets, warehouses and other commercial establishments. Some
of these wastes are further classified as garbage and others as rubbish.
Sky Group
P a g e | 101
Municipal Waste:Municipal wastes include wastes resulting from municipal activities and services
such as street waste, dead animals, market waste and abandoned vehicles. However, the term is
commonly applied in a wider sense to incorporate domestic wastes, institutional wastes and
commercial wastes.
Industrial Waste:In the category are the discarded solid material of manufacturing processesand
industrial operations. They cover a vast range of substances which are uniqueto each industry. For
this reason they are considered separately from municipalwastes. It should be noted, however, that
solid wastes from small industrial plantsand ash from power plants are frequently disposed of at
municipal landfills.
Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) involves management of activities associated with
generation, storage, collection, transfer and transport, processing and disposal of solid waste.
INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Management of Industrial Solid Waste (ISW) is not the responsibility oflocal bodies. Industries
generating solid waste have to manage such waste bythemselves and are required to seek
authorizations from respective State PollutionControl Boards (SPCBs) under relevant rules. However,
through joint efforts ofSPCBs, local bodies and the industries, a mechanism could be evolved for
bettermanagement.
Assessment of industrial solid waste management problem greatly variesdepending on the nature of
the industry, their location and mode of disposal ofwaste. Further, for arriving at an appropriate
solution for better management ofindustrial solid waste, assessment of nature of waste generated is
also essential.
Industries are required to collect and dispose of their waste at specificdisposal sites and such
collection, treatment and disposal is required to bemonitored by the concerned State Pollution Control
Board (SPCB) or PollutionControl Committee (PCC) in Union Territory. The following problems
aregenerally encountered in cities and towns while dealing with industrial solid waste
There are no specific disposal sites where industries can dispose their waste;
Mostly, industries generating solid waste in city and town limits are ofsmall scale nature and
even do not seek consents of SPCBs/PCCs ;
Sky Group
P a g e | 102
Industries are located in non-conforming areas and as a result they causewater and air
pollution problems besides disposing solid waste.
Industrial estates located in city limits do not have adequate facilities so thatindustries can
organize their collection, treatment and disposal of liquid andsolid waste;
There is no regular interaction between urban local bodies andSPCBs/PCCs to deal such
issues relating to treatment and disposal of waste
and issuance of licenses in non-conforming areas.
SOLID WASTE GENERATION
By comparing the per capita waste generation in different Indian cities, CPHEEO has suggested
norm for solid waste generation according to different activities.
Residential refuse: 0.3 to 0.6 kg/cap/day
Commercial refuse: 0.1 to 0.2 kg/cap/day
Street sweepings: 0.05 to 0.2 kg/cap/day
Institutional refuse: 0.05 to 0.2 kg/cap/day
Hence the total waste generated in the LPA can be computed as follows:
Table5.7: Solid Waste generation in the LPA

Domestic Waste
generated (in ton)
Non-domestic Solid
waste generated
(in ton)
Total waste
generated
(in ton)
Land fill area

required 2011
(acres)
Sl.
Area
Population
Urban area
54021
27.01
5.40
32.41
1.97
Rural Area
126916
38.07
12.70
50.77
3.08
TOTAL
83.18
5.05
*Calculated @ .5 kg domestic waste for urban areas, @.3 kg domestic

waste for rural areas and 0.1 kg non-domestic waste for the LPA
The solid waste generation details of Kanakapura Municipal area at present as per Kanakapura TMC
are as under
Table9.8: Municipal Solid waste management data

Total Solid Waste
Generation per day
(in ton)
Sky Group
Total MSW
collected (in ton)
No of vehicles for
Transport and
Disposal
Area of Land fill

site (acres)
Percentage of houses
covered under door-todoor collection
P a g e | 103
19
16
05
10.01
45%
COLLECTION, STORAGE, TRANSPORT, PROCESSING AND DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
Action plan for Solid Waste Management in the Kanakapura town has been approved and is currently
in the state of implementation. Tools, equipment and vehicles have been procured as seen in the
table below.
Table5.9: Tools and Equipment procurement under SWM Acti on Plan

Tools, equipment, vehicle
Numbers
Tractor placers
02
60 HP tractor with dozer and backhoe
01
40 HP tractor with hydraulic trailer
01
Push cart
26
Dumper placer container
12
Long Handle brooms
640
Metal Scrapper
160
Metal Tray
160
Litter bins
10
Ghamela
32
Information, Education, Communication (IEC) activities are carried out the TMC by engaging the Self
Help Groups5.
Collection: Door-to-door collection is carried out in 21 out of 27 wards. Manual scavenging does not
exist in the TMC area.
Secondary Collection and Transportation: Metal containers of dimension 3 cum are being used for
secondary storage which is handled mechanically through tractor placers.
Policy on Integrated Solid Waste Management, Government of Karnataka as prescribed by the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Corporation
KUIDC for compliance by the local bodies.l
Sky Group
P a g e | 104
ISSUES
1.
INADEQUATE LANDFILL SITES FOR FUTURE SCENARIO
A landfill site of 10 acres has been allocated in Kanakapura TMC. Even though it is adequate for
2011, it would be inadequate for 2031. Provision for landfill sites is also required at Harohalli,
Kaggalipura and Sathanur.
2.
INADEQUATE RESOURCE
There is inadequacy of resource in terms of municipal workers, solid waste management tools and
equipment in the municipality.
3.
NO WASTE SEGREGATION
Concept of segregation of waste is largely absent and people are totally ignorant about the
significance and necessity of segregation of Solid waste
4.
ABSENCE OF PROPER COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT:
The process of collection, which requires substantial man and logistics management, is very poor.
This coupled with lack of proper transportation has resulted in a situation wherein 50-70% of the
waste is not collected at all.
5.
LACK OF AWARENESS IN GENERAL PUBLIC
There is no awareness among the general public about the solid waste management. People are not
aware of the way to dispose the waste. Careless disposal of waste on streets has resulted in littering
of waste.
Sky Group
P a g e | 105
POWER AND TELECOMMUNICATION
INTRODUCTION
The power supply is an important component of physical infrastructure for any city or town to work
efficiently. Efficient supply of power ensures proper working of all other infrastructure facilities like
water supply, sanitation etc.
Based on the estimated requirements of power supply in urban area as per the new master plan of
Delhi, the consumption works out to be about 2kw per household/day. The allocation of electric substations is to be done as per the population that is one 11 kV of sub-station for every 15000
population. (UDPFI guidelines) It is the general standard for all categories of towns/ cities.
DEMAND AND SUPPLY
There
Kanakapura Taluk
7330
domestic
consumers in Kanakapura Taluk as
Commercial
consumption
3%
Industrial
consumption
3%
Domestic
consumption
13%
are
compared
consumers.
I P sets
75%
to
4612
15605
commercial
IP
sets
are
currently present in the Taluk. The

figure below shows the electricity
consumption rate in lakh units in
Others
5%
Kanakapura Taluk.
Street Light
installations
1%
Figure5.6: Electricity consumption in Kanakapura Taluk (in lakh units)

Sky Group
P a g e | 106
5.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

EDUCATION
INTRODUCTION
Education is recognised as a fundamental human right, along with other necessities, such as food,
shelter and water in The Universal Declaration on Human Rights (1948). The advantages it confers
on individuals and nations are multi-dimensional and multi-faceted. It sustains economic growth by
providing basic as well as specialised skills that ensure increased productivity and higher per capita
incomes.
Achievements in education in Karnataka have been quite remarkable, and the state is moving
towards universal literacy at a steady pace. The literacy rate increased from 56.04 per cent in 1991 to
66.64 per cent in 2001
EDUCATION INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE LPA
According to Department of Public Instruction, Govt. of Karnataka there exist 324 primary schools
and 185 higher secondary schoolsin Kanakapura Taluk. The table below shows the distribution of
educational facilities in the Taluk.
Table5.10: Distribution of Educational facilities in Kanakapura Taluk

Source:
Educational Facility
No of units in Kanakapura Taluk
Lower primary schools
324
Upper primary schools
185
High schools
74
PU colleges
15
General degree colleges (govt.)
General degree colleges (private)
Engineering Colleges
Sky Group
P a g e | 107
The distribution of schools according to management is shown in the figure below.

Distribution of schools by Management
NO OF SCHOOLS
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Govt Schools
1424
123
Primary
Secondary
Govt aided schools

31
58
Unaided schools
171
102
Figure5.7: Management wise distribution of schools

Source: Department of public Instruction, Govt. of Karnataka
The Department of Public Instruction, Govt. of Karnataka lists out the infrastructure provision in the
schools in the districts. There are 946 lower primary schools, 455 upper primary schools and 106
high schools. It can be seen from the figure below that almost 80% of the schools have drinking water
facility, 80% of upper primary and almost 60% of the primary and high schools have a separate girls
toilet. 80% of lower and upper primary schools and 60% of high schools have electricity supply. The
details of the facilities can be seen from the figure below.
Infrastructure Facilities in schools in Ramanagara district
1000
900
800
no of schools
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
RAMANA
GARA
Lower primary
946
Common
toilet
875
625
891
Play
ground
205
396
923
Compoun
d walls
533
Upper primary
455
447
417
445
217
339
454
342
447
High schools
106
80
74
66
71
17
103
67
89
Girls toilet
Electricity
Ramps
Library
Drinking
water
883
Figure5.8 : Infrastructure facilities in schools in Ramanagara district.

Source: Department of Public Instruction, Govt. of Karnataka
Sky Group
P a g e | 108
There are 324 lower primary schools and 185 higher primary schools in Kanakapura Taluk, while the
number of high schools is 74.
EDUCATION LEVEL: INDICATORS
LITERACY RATE
According to census data 2011, the literacy rate in Ramanagara district is 69.2% which is 9% higher
than that of 2001. Literacy rate among men is 76.92% compared to 69.88% in 2001 an that among
women is 61.33% compared to 51.22% in 2001. The average literacy rate of Kanakapura Taluk is
65.1, while that in urban areas in 80.5% and in rural areas is 62.5%. Though there has been
considerable increase in the literacy rate in the region, it is abysmally poor compared to the rest of
BMR. The literacy rate of Bangalore is 88.48% the figures below show the comparative data for the
Percentage of Literates
literacy rates in the district.
LITERACY RATE KANAKAPURA TALUK

100
80
60
40
20
0
KANAKAPURA URBAN
KANAKAPURA RURAL
TOTAL
AVERAGE LITERACY RATE
80.5
62.5
65.1
MALE LITERACY RATE
66.7
43.1
46.3
FEMALE LITERACY RATE
73.9
53.1
56
Figure 5.9: Literacy rate in Kanakapura Taluk

Source: Census 2001
Sky Group
P a g e | 109
Percentage of literates
LITERACY RATE
100
80
60
40
20
0
Total
Male
Female
Ramanagara literacy rate 2001
60.71
69.88
51.22
Ramanagara literacy rate 2011
69.2
76.92
61.3
Figure5.10: Literacy rate in Ramanagara district

Source: Census 2011
Percentage of literates
COMPARATIVE LITERACY RATES: RAMANAGARA & BANGALORE
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Total
Male
Female
literacy rate Ramanagara
69.2
76.92
61.3
literacy rate Banaglore
88.48
91.82
84.8
Figure5.11 :Comparison of Literacy rate in Ramanagara and Bangalore

district
Source: Census 2011
ENROLLMENT
According to Department of Public Instruction, Govt. of Karnataka there exist 504 primary schools in
Kanakapura Taluk and 74 higher secondary schools. The enrolment rate for 2009-2010 for
Ramanagara District for 1st to 10th grade is shown below.
Sky Group
P a g e | 110
ENROLMENT IN RAMANAGARA DISTRICT- 2009-10
NO OF STUDENTS
17,500
17,000
16,500
16,000
15,500
15,000
14,500
14,000
13,500
13,000
12,500
ENROLMENT 2009-10
CLASS 1
CLASS 2
CLASS 3
CLASS 4
CLASS 5
CLASS 6
CLASS 7
CLASS 8
CLASS 9
CLASS
10
15,546
15,813
15,543
16,093
16,464
15,910
16,642
16,403
16,963
14,152
Figure5.12 : Enrolment rate in primary and secondary classes in Bangalore

rural district
Source: Department of Public Instruction, Karnataka.
It can be seen that the enrolment after 9th grade shows a sharp decrease. The reason for such high
dropout rate should be investigated. It can be absence of senior secondary schools in the villages
which makes commuting an obstacle for education. It can also be absence of proper incentives which
make literacy difficult.
DROPOUT RATE ( age group 6-14)
According to the Ramanagara District

DROP OUTS IN KANAKAPURA LPA
book, there are 40061 students in

age group 6-14 in the Kanakapura
No of out
children out of
school
1%
LPA. 417 of them were found to be

out of school. The dropout rate in the
LPA is 1.04%. The figure below
No of children
in school
99%
shows the distribution of school

children in age group 6-14 during
2010-11.
Figure9.11: Distribution of
school children in age
group 6-14
Source: Ramanagara District Book, 2010-11
Sky Group
P a g e | 111
PUPIL TEACHER RATIO ( 1 to 10)
The total no of students in the LPA is 54,359 while the total no of teachers is 2124. Hence the student
teacher ratio is 26:1. The Right Of Children To Free And Compulsory Education Act 2009 states the
student teacher ratio in 1st to 5th standard as 1:30 and that from 6th to 10th as 1:35. Segregated class
wise and school wise data is not available, but the aggregate data meets the national standards of
education.
EDUCATION SCHEMES
Akshara Dasoha Program
The Akshara Dasoha program is an initiative to provide free food to school children and improve their
health and nutrition. It is anticipated that improvement of health and nutrition would automatically
improve the education level and would also support the education objectives of the state.
Akshara Dasoha program aims at providing hot cooked meals to all the children studying in 1 st to 5th
standard in all the Government Primary Schools of the State. The Mission of the program is to free all
the primary school children from hunger, improve their learning abilities and bring about equity.
Sky Group
P a g e | 112
HEALTH
INTRODUCTION
Health status is an important indicator of the socio economic conditions of a society since it has far
reaching effects across all socio economic strata. Hence commitment to improvement of health status
especially among women, children and vulnerable population such as schedule casts and scheduled
tribes, is an important goal of any planning process. Efficient planning requires an appraisal of the
current infrastructure and policies, assessment of progress, identification of gaps and proposals to
mitigate the condition.
HEALTHCARE INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE LPA
Health care infrastructure in Kanakapura Taluk consists of one Taluk headquarter hospital, 22 govt.
hospitals, one nursing home and 22 clinics. The table below shows the distribution of healthcare
facilities in the Taluk.
Table: Health care facilities in Kanakapura Taluk.

Health Infrastructure Facilities
No of Units in Kanakapura Taluk
No of Beds
Taluk Headquarter Hospitals
50
Govt. Hospitals
22
224
Nursing Homes
20
Clinics
22
Allopathic Hospitals
50
Private Hospitals
20
Primary Health Centres
19
114
Sky Group
P a g e | 113
Community Health Centres
60
Family Welfare Centres
19
Family Welfare Sub-Centres
72
TOTAL
538
Population of Kanakapura Taluk as per census 2001 is 3, 37,208. Hence the no of hospital seats per
1000 population is less than 2, which is much less than the standard value of 4 seats per 1000
population.
Table5.12: No of hospital beds per 1000 population

Source: Ramanagara District handbook
NO OF HOSPITAL BEDS PER 1000 POPULATION
5
4
4
3
2
NO OF SEATS PER 1000

POPULATION
1.59
1
0
KANAKAPURA Taluk
Sky Group
STANDARD
P a g e | 114
HEALTH SCHEMES
The National Rural health mission has been introduced to provide universal access to equitable,
affordable and quality healthcare which is responsive to the needs of the people. Initiatives for
reducing child and maternal mortality, stabilising population along with gender and demographic
balance have been taken.
The key features for delivery of NRHM in Karnataka includes making public health delivery system
fully functional and accountable to the community, working in a mission mode, decentralised
planning, delegation of power, human resource management, community involvement, rigorous
monitoring and evaluation against standards, convergence of health related programs and flexible
financing.
The NRHM program has five distinct agenda
Promotion of maternal and child health: Maternal ill health and death impacts families, communities
and societies and has far reaching impacts across all socio-economic strata. Promotion of maternal
and child health is an important objective of NRHM, since mother hood encompasses reproductive
health, family planning, pregnancy, childbirth, infant and maternal mortality.
In view of the above goals, an umbrella scheme has been initiated called the Thayi Bhagya
scheme which consists of three sub schemes Janani Suraksha Yojna, Prasooti Araike and Madilu.
Under Janani Suraksha scheme, poor pregnant women are given financial and institutional
assistance through a decentralised medical infrastructure system. Prasooti Araike is also a part of the
maternal healthcare program in which health care and check up facilities are provided to women.
Madilu is another scheme that was devised to encourage women to deliver in hospitals for which they
would be entitled to medical kit for the baby and the mother.
Sky Group
P a g e | 115
Child health care: Health and well being of children during their intra-uterine period, toddler years,
school age and adolescence needs intervention which is reached out through Maternal and child care
programs and the public delivery system, Anganawadis, ASHAs and schools.
Immunisation: It is the most cost-effective and effective intervention in public health system. Polio,
DTP, BCG, Measles, TB and Hepatitis B vaccines are administered through the various PHCs and
FRUs. Beside this childhood diseases and neonatal illnesses are taken care of through IMNCI
(Integrated Management of Neonatal and childhood illnesses) program.
Disease control program: In order to provide health care facilities to patients with diseases like AIDS,
Leprosy, Tuberculosis and terminal diseases like cancer, several programs have been introduced at
the Taluk level, like AIDS control program, Leprosy control program, TB control program and Cancer
control program, vector disease control program etc.
Inter-sectoral convergence: In additional to the above, facilities like ambulance service have also
been introduced. One ambulance per 1.1 lakh population has been provided for rural areas with a
maximum reaching time of 25.5 minutes.
The table below shows a list of health programs in Kanakapura Taluk
Table5.13: List of healthcare programs in Kanakapura Taluk

Source:Ramanagara district book
Sky Group
Sl
Health care programmes in Kanakapura Taluk
Immunisation program
Family planning Initiative
Aids control Program
Leprosy control program
TB Control program
Cancer Control Program
Janani Suraksha Yojna
Madilu Yojna
P a g e | 116
Chapter 6 : Environmental Issues
CHAPTER 6
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
6.1 POLLUTION: GENERATION AND CONSEQUENCES
AIR POLLUTION
There is no formal report on air quality in Kanakapura. However approximately 6000 Ha of industrial
area has been proposed in the master plan 2031 out of which manufacturing consist of almost fifty
per cent. Hence, air pollution might be a reality in the area in near future. Proposals have been made
in the master plan for action for prevention of industrial pollution.
SOIL EROSION
Kanakapura has good quality agricultural land within its limits which would transform into urbanised
land due to growth pressure. Sustainable agricultural practices should therefore be adopted in the
remaining agricultural land form maximising and sustaining productivity.
6.2 RAIN WATER HARVESTING

Rainwater system is an alternative plumbing system that helps to conserve our limited water
supply. Currently, most of us use clean drinking water straight from the tap to water our gardens.
Rainwater system gives another water choice for irrigating and can save money. Using non-potable
water to irrigate your gar-den can also help replenish local aquifers.
Rainwater harvesting is collected precipitation from rooftops and other above-ground impervious
surfaces that is stored in catchment tanks for later use. Rainwater harvesting systems can range from
a simple barrel at the bottom of a downspout to multiple cisterns with pumps and filtration. The
harvested rainwater is low in sodium and chloramine and fluoride free.
There are two main types of rainwater harvesting systems that vary in complexity, volume of water
stored and permitting requirements.
Sky Group
P a g e | 117
Chapter 6 : Environmental Issues
Rain Barrel A rain barrel system is a simple rainwater collector that captures and stores a portion of
the runoff from a roof downspout. A hose attached to the bottom of the rain barrel can be used to
irrigate your garden. A rain barrel will only capture a small fraction of the rainwater that flows off your
roof, the rest of the runoff will still need to drain to a safe overflow location.
Cisterns Cisterns are larger systems that can hold much more water and may include pumps to move
the rainwater to the garden. More complex systems can involve plumbing and electrical work, soil
excavation or other structural work. For rainwater collection projects of this scale, consult a
professional to review design, construction and safety considerations. Permits and zoning certificates
are required for cistern systems.
Proposal has been forwarded in the Master Plan 2031 for rainwater harvesting techniques in the LPA.
6.3 DISASTER MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES

Till recently, the approach to Disaster Management have been reactive and relief centric. A paradigm
shift has now taken place at the national level from the relief centric syndrome to holistic and
integrated approach with emphasis on prevention, mitigation and preparedness. These efforts are
aimed to conserve developmental gains as also minimize losses to lives, livelihood and property.
A typical Disaster Management continuum as shown below, comprising of six elements i.e.,
Prevention, Mitigation and Preparedness in pre-disaster phase, and Response, Rehabilitation and
Reconstruction in post-disaster phase, defines the complete approach to Disaster Management.
Industrial hazards leading to chemical and

biological disasters and fire hazard are the
most prominent hazards that the LPA
faces.
The
master
plan
proposes
guidelines for undertaking detail studies at

the
micro
level
for
equipping
the
authorities for the same.
Fig 6.1: Disaster Management

Continuum
Sky Group
P a g e | 118
Chapter 7| Problems
CHAPTER 7
PROBLEMS
The following issues have been identified in the Kanakapura Conurbation Area
1. Lack of commercial center at Kanakapura Town. Commercial activities spread along NH

2. No segregation of inter settlement and intra settlement traffic.
3. Congestion on the NH, especially along the Bus Stand.
4. Lack of road hierarchy.
5. Inadequate connectivity.
6. No separate freight route.
7. Presence of slums within town municipal limit.
8. Requirement of additional Residential area for population in 2031. Presently 11% residential
area exists.
9. Landfill site of 5 Ha required for 2031.
10. P&SP area of 90 Ha required for 2031.
11. Protection of valley area of Arkhavathy river is required.
12. Lack of Park and Open Spaces in the urbanised area. Presently 0.24% park and open space
exists.
The following issues have been identified in the Harohalli Conurbation Area
1. Lack of commercial center. No segregation of inter settlement and intra settlement traffic.
3. Inadequate connectivity.
5. Requirement of additional Residential area for population in 2031. Presently 4.29% residential
area exists.
Sky Group
P a g e | 119
Chapter 7| Problems

8. Lack of Park and Open Spaces in the urbanised area. Presently 0.13% park and open space
exists.
The following issues have been identified in the Kaggalipura Conurbation Area
1. Lack of commercial center.

area exists.
8. Lack of Park and Open Spaces. Presently 0.43% park and open space exists.
The following issues have been identified in the Sathanur Conurbation Area
1. Lack of commercial center.

area exists.
8. Lack of Park and Open Spaces. Presently 0.13% park and open space exists.
Sky Group
P a g e | 120
Chapter 8 |Visualising the Future
CHAPTER 8
VISUALISING THE FUTURE

8.1. INTERIM MASTER PLAN POPULATION PROJECTION - 2021
As per the approved Interim Master Plan 2021, the total population in the LPA as projected at 11.22
lakhs. However the projection has been based on the census 2001 data. The population for Master
Plan 2031 has been estimated using census 2011 data. It also takes into account the growth trends
in the region.
The IMP recognises four important growth nodes in the LPA Kaggalipura, Harohalli, Kanakapura
and Sathanur. The following are the landuse statistics of the four conurbations in the Interim master
Plan 2021.
Table 8.1: IMP landuse analysis Kaggalipura and Harohalli - 2021

LANDUSE
KAGGALIPURA
AREA (sqkm)
PERCENTAGE
HAROHALLI
AREA (sqkm)
PERCENTAGE
RESIDENTIAL
12.31
56.9
10.68
32.0%
COMMERCIAL
1.19
5.5
0.68
2.0%
21.4%
INDUSTRIAL
0.21
1.0
7.14
PUBLIC/SEMI PUBLIC
3.78
17.5
0.85
2.5%
PARKS/ PLAYGROUNDS
1.53
7.1
4.70
14.1%
2.1%
UTILITY AND SERVICES
0.19
0.9
0.69
TRANSPORTATION
2.01
9.3
2.96
8.9%
QUARRIES
0.00
0.0
0.44
1.3%
LAKES/TANKS/RIVER
0.40
1.9
1.53
4.6%
0.0
3.68
11.0%
AGRICULTURE
0.00
TOTAL
21.62
33.35
Table 8.2: IMP landuse analysis Kanakapura and Sathanur - 2021

LANDUSE
KANAKAPURA
AREA (sq km)
PERCENTAGE
RESIDENTIAL
10.82
COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL
SATHANUR
AREA (sq km)
PERCENTAGE
43.0%
7.18
0.56
2.2%
0.68
3.6
3.82
15.2%
7.81
41.3
PUBLIC/SEMI PUBLIC
1.27
5.1%
0.68
3.6
PARKS/ PLAYGROUNDS
4.27
17.0%
1.02
5.4
UTILITY AND SERVICES
0.23
0.9%
0.06
0.4
TRANSPORTATION
2.92
11.6%
1.38
7.3
QUARRIES
0.55
2.2%
0.00
0.0
LAKES/TANKS/RIVER
0.71
2.8%
0.07
0.4
AGRICULTURE
2.34
8.5%
0.00
0.0
TOTAL
27.49
Sky Group
38.0
18.90
P a g e | 121
8.2. POPULATION GROWTH TREND IN KANAKAPURA LPA

POPULATION GROWTH IN KANAKAPURA LPA
The Kanakapura LPA is composed of 85 villages and 1 town. The present population of the LPA
villages (census 2011) is 126,916. Total population of the LPA, including Kanakapura TMC is
180,931. The figure below shows the population growth in the LPA from 1961 to 2011.
Population growth in Kanakapura LPA

200000
180000
160000
Population
140000
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
Kanakapura LPA
1961
83194
1971
95887
1981
125993
1991
151998
2001
170278
2011
180937
Figure 8.1 : Population in Kanakapura LPA

Source: Census 2011
Table 8.3: Population growth rate in Kanakapura LPA
Year
Decadal growth rate
Annual growth rate
1991-2001
12%
1.2%
2001-2011
6.25%
0.6%
Sky Group
P a g e | 122
POPULATION GROWTH IN KANAKAPURA TMC
Kanakapura Town or TMC is the only urban settlement in the Kanakapura LPA. It has an area of 7.31
sq. km1. The table below shows population in Kanakapura TMC from 1961 to 2011. The present
population of the TMC is 54,021.
Population growth in Kanakapura TMC
60000
50000
POpulation
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
Kanakapura
1961
15000
1971
20000
1981
29000
1991
38000
2001
47000
2011
54021
Figure 8.2: Population in Kanakapura Town;

Source: Census 2011
It can be noted that the population growth in the town is less which can be attributed to lack of
economic activity and growth generators in the LPA
.
Table 8.4: Population Growth rate in Kanakapura TMC

Year
Decadal growth rate
Annual growth
1991-2001
23.6%
2.36%
2001-2011
14.9%
1.49%
Present municipal limits
Sky Group
P a g e | 123
8.3. FACTORS AIDING POPULATION GROWTH

The growth of the LPA would largely be dependent upon the industrial proposals in the region.
However, this may not be the sole contributing factor. The other factors that are expected to affect
population dispersal to the Kanakapura LPA are as follows:
Its proximity to Bangalore

Development of Major roads near and passing through the LPA like the IRR passing through
Harohalli, STRR ( approximately coinciding with SH3) connecting Anekal and Ramnagaram,
via Kanakapura, proposed Ring road around Kanakapura, PRR passing through Kaggalipura
and Uttari, Bangalore-Mysore Infrastructure Corridor to the north of LPA and NH 209 passing
right through the LPA by 2021.
KIADB industrial estates in Harohalli-Bidadi area: The industrial estates would
create
employment opportunities for people in and around the region and spur development and
growth in eth LPA.
Availability of ground water in the region as compared to the others: The Kanakapura LPA has
a higher availability of ground water as compared to the rest of the BMR since it is closer to
the Cauvery region. Hence developments are more sustainable and feasible in the LPA.
The Taluk Industrial Plan for the Kanakapura Taluk envisages promoting around 800 tiny & SSI
units including services. The Taluk also has potential for promotion of 168 units in large & medium
sector spread over five years. These investments are likely to generate direct employment for about
60,000 persons and indirect employment to about 24,000 persons.
Sky Group
P a g e | 124
8.4. POPULATION PROJECTION

There are two components of projected population
-
Natural Growth of the LPA
Inmigrating population
NATURAL GROWTH OF POPULATION IN THE LPA
The natural increase in the population has been calculated through statistical methods like arithmetic
progression, geometric progression and ANGM (annual national growth method). It has been
observed from the data that many of the villages have a negative growth rate while some of the
villages have compounding positive growth rates. The growth of the population calculated through
various statistical methods is as follows:
Table 8.5: Natural growth of population calculated through various

statistical methods.
Statistical method used
Projected population
Arithmetic Progression
2.75 lakhs
Geometric Progression
2.72 lakhs
Annual National Growth Rate Method
2.82 lakhs
All the statistical methods adopted for projection of population in the LPA yield more or less similar
results.
Table 8.6: Population projection of the villages of LPA
Sky Group
SL
VILLAGE NAME
2021
2031
Cheeluru
3543
3992
Chikkadevarahalli
379
385
Jakkasandra
1741
1710
Keeranagere
817
930
P a g e | 125
Sky Group
T.Hosahalli
695
668
Bandiganahalli
445
383
Bannikuppe
1374
1408
Bettahalli Kaval
661
844
Bheemasandra
345
374
10
Chulakanakere Kaval
183
219
11
Devarakaggalahalli
699
876
12
Doddamuduwadi
1151
1241
13
Dyavasandra
547
520
14
Gabbadi
2015
2174
15
Gabbadi Kaval
84
96
16
Harohalli
15628
18804
17
Hosakote
863
1017
18
Hulugondanahalli
2305
2764
19
Kaggalahalli
1269
1383
20
Maralagere
263
290
21
Marasandra
768
828
22
Medamaranahalli
1820
2181
23
Mudenahalli
1213
1286
24
Singasandra
1083
1170
25
Vaderahalli
1574
1924
26
Yadamadu
1059
1288
27
Agrahara
639
857
28
Allimaranahalli
2159
2404
29
Anajawadi
2410
2682
30
Aralalu
2042
2330
31
Aralalusandra
1396
1479
32
Aranakuppe
921
1019
33
Baradanahalli
914
947
34
Bekuppe
1321
1333
35
Cheeranakuppe
791
761
36
Chikkamuduwadi
3683
3936
37
Chokasandra
1637
2223
38
Ganalu
1444
1541
39
Hanumanahalli
1481
2146
40
Kallahalli
2148
2440
P a g e | 126
Sky Group
41
Kanakapura (Rural)
512
416
42
Ramapura
1214
1374
43
Rayasandra
1944
2189
44
Seegekote
1650
1756
45
Shivanahalli
1845
1892
46
Thammasandra
1006
1024
47
Tigalarahalli
692
704
48
Tigalarahosahalli
1337
1424
49
Tungani
1828
1946
50
Vadedoddi
1504
1787
51
Virupasandra
2096
2424
52
Achalu
2772
3077
53
Alur
730
1004
54
Anamanahalli
726
880
55
Bommanahalli
1175
1273
56
Dalimba
1082
1108
57
Deshohalli
58
Halasinamaradahalli
405
454
59
Honniganahalli
973
986
60
Hosahalli
116
117
61
Kabbal
1144
1129
62
Kachavanahalli
1753
1832
63
Kadahalli
1149
1201
64
Kambasagara
855
909
65
Kemmale
1196
1281
66
Mudalaswamikuppe
17
16
67
Naripura
68
Sasalapura
1848
2142
69
Sathanur
5371
5806
70
Tailuru Forest
457
489
71
Thotahalli
1396
1470
72
Yadugowdanahalli
73
Alakabelalu
81
107
74
Gulakamale
2800
3427
75
K. Chudahalli
1698
2104
76
Kaggalipura
17337
24903
P a g e | 127
77
Naganayakanahalli
973
1219
78
Nelaguli
1471
1821
79
Nettigere
2391
3096
80
Ravugodlu
1705
2123
81
Somanahalli
5578
6682
82
Sunkadakatte
86
17
83
Tharalu
1692
1906
84
Thattaguppe
3079
3749
85
Uttari
1869
2402
86
Vaddarapalya
1998
2308
87
Kanakpura TMC
78000
100100
TOTAL
225061
272932
2.8 lakhs has been considered as the natural growth in the LPA till the year 2031.
INMIGRATING POPULATION IN THE LPA
The Revised Structure Plan 2031 envisages a 70%-30% population distribution between the core and
the outside by 2031. Hence the local planning areas must be planned to create job opportunities to
realize the regional vision.
The Kanakapura LPA has about 450 tiny and SSI unit at present. KIADB industrial area also exists in
Harohalli area. As such the Industrial Perspective Plan for the Kanakapura Taluk envisaged
promoting around 800 tiny & SSI units including services till 2011. The Taluk also has potential for
promotion of 168 units in large & medium sector spread over five years. These investments are
likely to generate direct employment for about 60,000 persons and indirect employment to about
24,000 persons by 2011.
Since, maximum potential of job creation has not been reached presently; it has been assumed that
the LPA has the potential to create 80,000 jobs by the year 2031. Hence an additional 3.2 lakhs
population will be inmigrating in the LPA by the 2031, out of which 1.25 lakhs is envisaged to be
migrating in 2021 and rest by 2031.
Hence the total projected population in the LPA till the year 2031 is as follows.
Sky Group
P a g e | 128
Table 8.6: Projected population in Kanakapura LPA 2031

POPULATION 2031
Natural Increase in the LPA in 2031
2.8LAKHS
In migrating population in the LPA in 2031
3.2 LAKHS
PROJECTED POPULATION 2031
6LAKHS
Hence 6 lakhs has been taken as the projected urban population in the LPA till the year 2031.
DISTRIBUTION ION OF POPULATION

There are four important growth centres in the LPA Kanakapura, Kaggalipura, Harohalli and
Sathanur. The urban population in the LPA has been distributed in these growth centres which
includes natural growth and inmigrating population. The table below show the distribution of
population in the four growth nodes and the villages of the LPA.
Table 8.7: Distribution of population in the four growth nodes

AREA
POPULATION IN 2031
Kaggalipura
1,50,000
Harohalli
1,80,000
Sathanur
90,000
Kanakapura
1,80,000
TOTAL URBAN POPULATION 2031
6,00,000
IMP 2021
8,00,000
A population 6lakh will be accommodated in the four urban areas and a population90,000 will be
accommodated in the villages in the agricultural zone.
A township has been proposed at Sathanur by the BMRDA to host textile and apparel industries. The
township would accommodate a population of 3.2 lakhs. The master plan proposals do not take into
account the population of the township since facilities would be planned separately for it.
Sky Group
P a g e | 129
PROJECTED POPULATION IN KANAKAPURA LPA

700000
600000
600000
500000
400000
350000
300000
280000
151998
200000
100000
83194
95887
125993
170278
225000
180937
0
1961
1971
EXISTING POPULATION
1981
1991
2001
2011
PROJECTED URBAN POPULATION
2021
2031
NATURAL GROWTH
Figure 8.3: Projected urban population in Kanakapura LPA

8.5 AREA REQUIREMENT
The requirement of area is calculated on the basis of 67 pph gross density to accommodate the
projected population of 6 lakhs in the four conurbations.
Table 8.8: Population in Kanakapura LPA 2021, 2031

YEAR
POPULATION
TOTAL URBANISABLE AREA

(@67 pph)
2031
6,00,000
9000 Ha
The total urbanisable land required by the year 2031 is 9000 Ha (@ 67 persons per Ha gross density)
PROPOSED LAND UTILISATION STATISTICS
The overall statistics of the LPA as per proposal of Master Plan 2031 is given in the table below. The
total conurbation area is 9075.65 Ha excluding water bodies, agricultural land, forests and hillocks as
shown in the table below.
Sky Group
P a g e | 130
Table 8.9:Conurbation area statistics-2031

Category
AREA (In Ha)
TOTAL URBANISABLE AREA IN THE LPA*
9075.65
AREA BEYOND CONURBATION
31125.77
TOTAL LPA
41277.99
*Excluding water bodies, agricultural land, forests and hillocks and quarries
8.6 POPULATION DENSITY 2031

Sathanur. The urban population in the LPA has been calculated for these growth centres which
population and the density in the four growth nodes.
Table 8.10: Distribution of population in the four growth nodes

POPULATION IN
2031
Conurbation
area (Ha)*
Gross Density
(pph)
Kaggalipura
1,50,000
2109
72
Harohalli
1,80,000
2721
66
Sathanur
90,000
1858
50
Kanakapura
1,80,000
2386
75
TOTAL URBAN
POPULATION 2031
6,00,000
9075.65
67
AREA
IMP 2021
8,00,000
@ 88 pph
Sky Group
P a g e | 131
8.7 HOUSING REQUIREMENT

The requirement of housing for the LPA for the year 2031 has been calculated as shown in the table
below. The housing requirement of the LPA has been calculated by considering 4.5 persons per
households. The total number of houses required for the LPA is 2 lakhs. The required residential area
is 3500 Ha @40dwelling unit/Ha. The detail housing requirement for each conurbation has been
Table 8.11: Residential Area requirement for the LPA

YEAR
TOTAL
POPULATION
TOTAL HOUSES
REQUIRED
TOTAL RESIDENTIAL AREA

REQUIRED ( 40dwelling unit/Ha)
By 2021
3,50,000
80,000
2000
By 2031
6,00,000
1,40,000
3500
Table 8.12: Residential Area requirement in the LPA for the Conurbations
CONURBATION
RESIDENTIAL AREA
2011-2021 ( 40
houses/Ha)
RESIDENTIAL AREA
2021-2031 ( 40
houses/Ha)
TOTAL RESIDENTIAL
AREA
Till 2031
Kaggallipura
400
400
800
Harohalli
550
550
1100
Sathanur
350
350
700
Kanakapura
400
600
1000
TOTAL
1700
1900
3600
Sky Group
P a g e | 132
8.8 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT
a.
WATER SUPPLY
The total requirement of the LPA has been calculated using CPHEEO standards for domestic water
supply. Total domestic water requirement in the LPA in the year 2031 is 81 Mld
WATER SUPPLY GAP IN KANAKAPURA LPA

WATER DEMAND IN MLD
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2011
2021
2031
DEMAND
4.8
47.25
81.00
SUPPLY
4.8
4.8
4.8
Fig 8.4: Water Supply gap in Kanakapura LPA
b. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
The total area required for solid waste management has been calculated based on CPHEEO norms
for Municipal Waste Management. Total area requires for landfill management in the LPA till 2031 is
30 acres.
Table 8.13: Landfill Area Requirement in the LPA

Category
Projected Population 2031
2031
600000
Domestic Waste generated (in kg) @ 0.3 kg per capita per day
180 tonne
Non-domestic Solid waste generated (in kg) @ 0.1 kg per capita per day
60 tonne
Total waste generated (in kg)
240 tonne
Sky Group
P a g e | 133
Volume of solid waste (cu m)
269 cu m
Volume of land fill required (cu m)
323 cu m
area of land fill required per day (sq. m)(20 m depth)
17 sq m
Area of land fill required per year ( in acres)
1.48 acres
Area required till 2031
30 acres
8.9 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT
a. EDUCATION
Requirement for educational facilities have been calculated using UDPFI guidelines for urban areas.
The total area required for educational facilities in each of the conurbations have been tabulated in
the table below.
Table 8.14: Educational facility Requirement in the LPA

Educational
facility
requirement
UNITS REQUIRED
AREA REQUIRED (Ha)
Educational
facility
Kanakapura
Harohalli
Kaggalipura
Sathanu
r
Nursery school
@ 1/2500
population
72
66
66
Basic primary
school @ 1/
2500 population
72
66
Higher
secondary
school @
1/7500
population
24
Colleges @
1/1.25 lakh
population
Technical
institutions @ 1/
1000000
Sky Group
Kanakapur
a
Harohalli
Kaggalipura
Sathanur
36
66
36
44
27
38
35
35
20
P a g e | 134
ITI @ 1 /
1000000
1.4
1.4
Engineering
Colleges @ 2 in
urban extension
60
60
medical
Colleges @ 2 in
urban extension
15
15
136.4
52
127
30
TOTAL
b. HEALTH
Requirement for healthcare facilities have been calculated using UDPFI guidelines for urban areas.
The total area required for educational facilities in each of the conurbations have been tabulated in
the table below.
Table 8.15: Medical facility Requirement in the LPA

UNITS REQUIRED
Medical
facility
General
Hospital @ 1
per 2.5 lakh
population500 beds
Intermediate
Hospital (
category A) @
1 per 1 lakh
population 200 beds
Intermediate
Hospital (
category B) @
1 per 1 lakh
population 50-80 beds
polyclinic @ 1
per lakh
population
Dispensary @
1per 0.15 lakh
population
Sky Group
AREA REQUIRED (Ha)
Kanakapura
Town
Harohalli
Kaggalipura
Kanakapura
Town
Harohalli
Kaggalipura
Sathanur
.6
.6
.3
.3
10
10
10
1.2
1.2
1.2
.6
Sathanur
P a g e | 135
Nursing Home
@ 1 per .45 to
1 lakh
population-25
to 30 beds
Child Welfare
& Maternity
Centre@ 1 per
.45 to 1 lakh
population- 25
to 30 beds
TOTAL
Sky Group
.6
.6
.3
.3
20
25
15
15
P a g e | 136
8.10
PARTICIPATORY APPROACH
As per the provisions of KTCP Act 1961, the Master Plan would be put up for public display after
provisional approval of the plan by the government. The issues and objection raised by the public
would be then considered and included in the proposal if found feasible and for the greater good.
The RTI Act provides scope for gaining information by the public. The Disclosure Act also provides
scope for discussion on the Master Plan.
8.11
S.W.O.T ANALYSIS
The SWOT analysis of the LPA has been shown below.
WEAKNESS
STRENGTH
1. High Potential for Sericulture
1. Low Ground Water Potential

2. Lack of Mass Transit System.
1. Ground Water pollution due to

industrial development
2. Damage to Sericulture due to
Industrial Development.
1. Industrial Incentives as per the

Industrial Policy 2009-14
2. Sericulture
Incentives
per
Karnataka Vastra Neethi
THREAT
8.12
as
OPPORTUNITY
VISION 2031
The vision of the Master Plan 2031 is as follows;

1. To develop the LPA as a self-sufficient counter magnet to Bangalore.
2. To develop industrial base in the LPA for employment in the region.
Sky Group
P a g e | 137
Chapter 9|Master Plan Proposals
CHAPTER 9
MASTER PLAN PROPOSALS

9.1 COMPONENTS OF THE MASTER PLAN
The contents of a Master Plan are elaborated in Section 12 of the Karnataka Town and Country
Planning Act 1961.
As per the act, the Master Plan should contain a series of maps and documents indicating the
manner in which the development and improvement of the entire planning area within the jurisdiction
of the Planning Authority are to be carried out and regulated, such plan shall include proposals for the
following, namely
a. Zoning of land use for residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, educational
and other purposes together with Zoning Regulations.
b. A complete street pattern, indicating major and minor roads, national highways and state
highways and traffic circulation pattern, for meeting the immediate and future requirements
with proposals for improvement;
c. Areas for parks, playgrounds and other recreational uses public open spaces, public buildings
and institutions and area reserved for such purposes as may be expedient for new civic
developments;
d. Areas earmarked for future development and expansion;
e. Reservation of land for the purposes of central Government, the State Government, Planning
Authority or public utility undertaking or any other authority established by Law, and the
designation of lands being subject to acquisition for public purposes or as specified in the
master plan or securing the use of the landing in the manner provided by or under this Act;
f.
Declaring certain areas, as areas of special control and development in such areas being
subject to such regulations as may be made in regard to building line, height of the building,
floor area ratio, architectural features and such other particulars as may be prescribed;
g. Stages by which the plan is to be carried out.
Sky Group
P a g e | 138
9.2 MASTER PLAN OBJECTIVES

The objectives of the Master Plan can be stated as follows:
1. To provide growth direction in the LPA
2. To promote industrial development in the LPA
3. To enhance linkage between the LPA with other areas of the BMR.
4. To plan for population in 2031.
9.3 DENSITY
Sathanur. The urban population in the LPA has been calculated for these growth centres which
population and the density in the four growth nodes.
Table-9.1: Density in the Growth Nodes of Kanakapura LPA

Conurbation
TOTAL POPULATION
CONURBATION AREA
(Ha)*
DENSITY (PPH)
Kaggallipura
1,50,000
2109
72
Harohalli
1,80,000
2721
66
Sathanur
90,000
1858
50
Kanakapura
1,80,000
2386
75
TOTAL URBAN POPULATION 2031
6,00,000
9075.65
67
Sky Group
P a g e | 139
9.4 STRATEGY FOR OBTAINING LAND FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES

Development of public infrastructure like parks and playgrounds, roads and institutions require land
acquisition. A conventional mode of land acquisition has been through the The Land Acquisition Act
of 1894. Since the process lacks definite benefits to the landowner, it has faced considerable protest
in recent past. Consequently, a more democratic way of land pooling has been adopted in many of
the Indian states called Town Planning Schemes.
Since the process of land pooling through Town Planning Schemes present definite advantages to all
stakeholders, it should be adopted as a means to develop infrastructure in the LPA.
Town Planning Schemes could be adopted for pooling land for development of the major roads
STRR, IRR, ITRR and RR.
9.5 BASIC CONSIDERATION FOR PROPOSAL

The basic considerations for the Master Plan 2031 proposals were as follows:
1. Existing development in the area: The existing developments have been given priority in
determining the proposed landuse of the Master Plan 2031. In most of the cases the existing
landuse has been retained to minimise public distress and loss of property.
2. IMP Proposals: IMP proposals for landuse have been retained in all places barring places
where it conflicts with the existing landuse.
3. Scientific landuse allocation: New areas have been brought under the proposed land use to
integrate the existing and IMP proposed landuse judiciously. New areas have also been brought
under proposals to satisfy the requirements of the population in 2031.
4. All the directions of government.
5. Identification of water bodies and natural drains and their protection
6. Structure Plan directives
7. Change of land uses approved by the govt. and P.A. under section 14-A (3)
Sky Group
P a g e | 140
9.6 PROPOSALS
9.6.1
PROPOSED LANDUSE PLAN 2031
KANAKAPURA LPA
The overall statistics of the LPA as per proposal of Master Plan 2031 is given in the table below. The
total conurbation area is 10152.22 Ha as shown in the table below.
Table 9.1 A: Conurbation area statistics-2031

Category
AREA (In Ha)
Percentage
TOTAL CONURBATION AREA
10152.22
24.59%
AREA BEYOND CONURBATION

(agricultural zone)
31125.77
75.04%
TOTAL LPA
41277.99
100%
The overall statistics of the four conurbations is given in the table below. Residential area forms
39.25% of the total combined conurbation limit, commercial, industrial, public and semi-public and
and transportation forms, 3.15%, 16.40%, 6.12%, 9.88%,2.37% and 12.24% respectively.
Table 9.1 B: Proposed Landuse 2031, LPA

LANDUSE
AREA ( IN HA)
AREA ( IN SQKM)
PERCENTAGE
RESIDENTIAL
3984.26
39.84
43.89%
COMMERCIAL
319.61
3.20
3.53%
INDUSTRIAL
1664.62
16.65
18.34%
620.87
6.21
6.84%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
1002.72
10.03
11.05%
PUBLIC UTILITY
240.87
2.41
2.66%
TRANSPORTATION
1242.70
12.43
13.69%
TOTAL
9075.65
90.77
100.00%
AGRICULTURE
514.02
5.14
WATER BODIES
478.19
4.78
HILLOCK'S/QUARRY'S
84.35
0.84
10152.22
101.52
GRAND TOTAL
Sky Group
P a g e | 141
The statistics of the agricultural zone (area beyond the fourconurbation limit) is as follows
Table 9.1 C: Landuse statistics of the agricultural zone

LANDUSE
AREA ( IN HA)
AREA ( IN SQKM)
PERCENTAGE
BUILT-UP *
1314.3368
13.14
4.22%
AGRICULTURE
28095.53
280.96
90.26%
WATER BODIES
770.8053
7.71
2.48%
FOREST
945.0991
9.45
3.04%
GRAND TOTAL
31125.7755
311.26
100%
*Total area of villagegramthana and settlements outside the conurbation area.
KANAKAPURA CONURBATION AREA

Kanakapura is the Taluk headquarters of Kanakapura Taluk as well as the only TMC in the LPA. As
such it is a node of prime importance owing to already superior administrative stature. The town has
Landuse
Area (Ha)
Area (Sq km)
Percentage
RESIDENTIAL
1084.72
10.84
45.51%
COMMERCIAL
84.31
84.31
3.53%
INDUSTRIAL
322.92
3.22
13.52%
132.97
1.32
5.54%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
379.18
3.79
15.91%
PUBLIC UTILITY
43.88
0.43
1.81%
TRANSPORTATION
338.89
3.38
14.19%
TOTAL
2386.87
23.82
100.00%
AGRICULTURE
163.60
1.63
WATER BODIES
144.24
1.44
HILLOCK'S/QUARRY'S
54.68
.54
2749.39
27.49
enormous
economic potential
in
terms
of
agriculture,
sericulture
other
GRAND TOTAL
and
small
scale
industrial activities.
The Landuse of the
town
has
proposed
been
as
to
boost its economic

potential
and
supplement
hierarchy
its
in
the
region.
Table 9.2: Kanakapura proposed landuse statistics -2031

The total urbanisable area of the town is 27.49 sqkm and more than 1.5 lakhs population is proposed
in the town by 2031. 11.74% of the total area is proposed for industrial use while whereas 4.84% of
the total area is dedicated to public and semi-public uses. 39.45% of the total area is reserved for
residential purposes. 3.07% of the total area is commercial and 13.79% is under parks and open
spaces. The rest of the area is comprised of quarries, water bodies and agricultural landuse as
Sky Group
P a g e | 142
HAROHALLI CONURBATION AREA
Harohalli is one of the most significant nodes of the Kanakapura LPA and a growing industrial cluster.
It is proposed to host more than 2 lakh population by 2031. The total area proposed as the
conurbation limit of Harohalli is 33.34sqkm (3334 ha).
Table 9.3: Harohalli Proposed land use statistics-2031

Landuse
Area (Ha)
Area (sq km)
RESIDENTIAL
1049.06
10.49
38.55%
COMMERCIAL
55.82
0.56
2.05%
INDUSTRIAL
661.16
6.61
24.30%
85.07
0.85
3.13%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
399.44
3.99
14.68%
PUBLIC UTILITY
89.82
0.90
3.30%
TRANSPORTATION
380.7
3.81
13.99%
TOTAL
2721.07
27.21
100.00%
AGRICULTURE
350.33
3.5
WATER BODIES
233.7
2.33
HILLOCK'S/QUARRY'S
29.67
0.29
3334.76
33.34
GRAND TOTAL
Percentage
19.83 % of the area has been dedicated to industries, since it is the future economic mainstay of the
town. 31.46% of the total area is reserved for residential purposes where as 11.42% of the area is
devoted to transportation. 1.67% of the area is reserved for commercial purposes to serve the future
population. 11.98% of the area is park and open space to maintain adequate balance with the
anticipated built up area in the town. 2.55% of the area is proposed to be under public and semipublic use while utility and services take up 2.69% of the area. The rest of the land use is under
quarries, water bodies and agriculture as shown in the table below.
KAGGALIPURA CONURBATION AREA
Kaggalipura is also recognized as an important growth node of the LPA and approximately 56,000 of
the future population of 2031 is distributed in this town. Industrial area on the cue to 21 Ha have been
proposed in the area for form the future economic base. The town has been proposed primarily as an
institutional hub for the LPA.
Sky Group
P a g e | 143
51.66% of area has been proposed for residential use while 5.01% of area is under commercial use.
15.43% is devoted to public and semi-public use. 13.06% of the area is dedicated to transportation
and 6.91% of the area is under parks and other open spaces. The rest of the area is comprised of
quarries, water bodies and agriculture as shown in the table below.
Table 9.4: Kaggalipura proposed landuse statistics-2031

Landuse
Area (Ha)
RESIDENTIAL
1120.76
11.21
53.13%
COMMERCIAL
108.64
1.09
5.15%
INDUSTRIAL
23
0.23
1.09%
334.82
3.35
15.87%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
149.94
1.50
7.11%
PUBLIC UTILITY
88.84
0.89
4.21%
TRANSPORTATION
283.41
2.83
13.44%
TOTAL
2109.41
21.09
100.00%
AGRICULTURE
0.1
0.001
WATER BODIES
60.13
0.6
2169.64
21.69
GRAND TOTAL
Area (sq km)
Percentage
SATHANUR CONURBATION AREA
Sathanur has been proposed as a major growth node in the LPA in future. Almost 2 lakh population
has been distributed in Sathanur. The total proposed conurbation area is 18.98 sqkm.38.44% to the
total area has been reserved for residential purposes while 34.64% has been reserved for industrial
use. 3.73 % of the land is proposed to be under commercial use while another 3.58% has been
reserved for public and semi-public use. 3.91% of the area is under parks and open spaces. The rest
of the area has been dedicated to quarries, water bodies and agriculture as seen in the table below.
Table 9.5: Sathanur proposed landuse statistics-2031
Sky Group
Landuse
Area (Ha)
Area (sq km)
Percentage
RESIDENTIAL
729.72
7.30
39.27%
COMMERCIAL
70.84
0.71
3.81%
INDUSTRIAL
657.54
6.58
35.38%
68.01
0.68
3.66%
PARK & OPEN SPACE
74.17
0.74
3.99%
P a g e | 144
PUBLIC UTILITY
18.33
0.18
0.99%
TRANSPORTATION
239.7
2.40
12.90%
TOTAL
1858.31
18.58
100.00%
WATER BODIES
40.12
0.4
1898.45
18.98
GRAND TOTAL
Sathanur has been proposed as a major growth node in the LPA in future. Almost 2 lakh population
has been distributed in Sathanur. The total proposed conurbation area is 18.98 sqkm.38.44% to the
total area has been reserved for residential purposes while 34.64% has been reserved for industrial
use. 3.73 % of the land is proposed to be under commercial use while another 3.58% has been
reserved for public and semi-public use. 3.91% of the area is under parks and open spaces. The rest
of the area has been dedicated to quarries, water bodies and agriculture as seen in the table.
9.6.2
PROPOSED TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION PLAN 2031
Progress follows the lines of transportation. Transportation Corridors are generally considered as
lifelines of any town / city. An efficient Traffic and Transportation system promotes socio - economic
activities. Kanakapura LPA hasone National Highway (NH-206), one State Highway (SH 3), four
Major District Roads with good network of roads. One of the major objectives of MP is to provide
broader roads within Kanakapura LPA with good hierarchy of roads. Its aim is to provide an efficient
and feasible circulation plan for the entire LPA.
The total area covered by traffic and transportation use in the conurbation area is 105 ha,
constituting 4.1% of developed area. By and large the inter town traffic movement is convenient. But
due to very narrow road network in the town area, there are many intra town traffic problems and
proposals for the same are to be made.
Some general guidelines for better connectivity are addressed:
All village roads within LPA having width less than 18 m are proposed for widening to 18 m
Right of Way (ROW).
Within the Town limits, Major roads are proposed for widening to ease out the traffic
movement vide
o
o
o
Budikere Main Road

Pipeline Road
Sangama Road
Parking space is proposed along commercial access roads and around bus-stand areas.
Sky Group
P a g e | 145
Improvements of major intersections. Sufficient space for pedestrians, signals and utilities will
be taken separately with wide footpath and cycle tracks are provided along main market,
shopping/commercial street.
Wherever feasible cycle tracks are separately provided.
Buffer zones/green spaces are proposed for NMT.
Pedestrian Refugee islands are proposed for road width above 18 m ROW.
Any road development/ redevelopment/ widening proposal shall be done only if the road
sections annexed (Annexure 8) are implemented.
City Traffic and Transportation Studies (CTTS) are made for BMR, 2031. This CTTS is
referred for provision of Traffic Management proposals in the Kanakapura LPA. However
road circulation plan for the entire LPA is prepared showing the alignment and pattern of all
existing and proposed roads in the LPA.
PROPOSALS
1. Widening of Village Roads:
All village roads within LPA which are less than 18 m are proposed for widening to 18 m.
2. Segregation Of Regional And Intra-Settlement Traffic

Town Ring road has been proposed around Kanakapura which is the major growth node of
the LPA. It would act as a conurbation boundary as well as serve the purpose of diverting
traffic from the centre of the town.
3. Segregation Of Freight Traffic

Since major industrial areas have been proposed in the LPA a separate freight corridor is
required separating the intra settlement traffic and freight traffic. Presently the NH 206form the
routes for both freight as well as normal traffic. TRR (town ring road) has been proposed so
serve the purpose by diverting heavy traffic away from the town Centre.
4. Proposal Of New Roads To Increase Connectivity

New roads have been proposed to increase the connectivity to developed areas in the LPA.
New roads are also proposed for better zoning and guide future developments.
5.
Planning For Non Motorized Traffic (NMT) And Pedestrian Facilities
Sky Group
P a g e | 146
Kanakapura town and all the major settlements in the LPA have to be planned for NMT and
easy pedestrian movement. Studies should be taken up at the town level to arrive at detailed
planning proposals for NMT mainly for cycling and pedestrian friendly circulation pattern. Old
market area is proposed for Pedestrian Zone by restricting the traffic movement during
specified hours. This can be achieved besides other measures that will be adopted Buffer
zones/green spaces under HT lines, along major drainage lines and area surrounding
lakes/ponds/tanks will be explored for NMT infrastructure for better NMT accessibility as per
DULT recommendations.
6. Planning For Parking Facilities

Parking facilities is completely absent in the LPA. With the growth of the population in the LPA
and the consequent vehicular growth, proper planned parking facilities are indispensible part
of the development. Studies will be taken up at LPA level to recognize inherent problems and
to arrive at detailed proposals for parking in the district/town level.
7. Planning for Public Mass Transit

The public mass transit is meant to take on maximum number of repeat trips hence major
terminals of passenger transit should be located at high density work place and high density
residential areas.
8. Planning for Multimodal Transit

To encourage multimodal transit integration, it is desirable to have the terminals located
wherever more than one mode like rail and road are present and they can be integrated e.g.
Bangalore City railway station and the Kempegowda bus terminal. The bus terminal is being
redeveloped to accommodate the metro station and intra city bus terminal as well as a few
intercity bus terminals, thereby ensuring seamless physical multimodal integration.
9. Location of Bus Stands, Bus depots and Bus Bays
Within the town limits, bus stands/stops are proposed for every 250-300 m with suitable
shelter facility. In all layouts with more than 10 ha extent, bus bays shall be indicated as a part
of the layout within the property boundary of the layout. The existing properties of
BMTC/KSRTC are reserved for traffic and transport use.
10. Truck Terminals/ freight complex/ logistics hub and Provision of Infrastructure near
Truck Terminals/ freight complex/ logistics hub
Sky Group
P a g e | 147
As far as possible the traffic and transportation use should be located as per the envisaged
activity. It is desirable to have truck terminal/ freight complex/ logistics hub next to or along the
side of the industrial use/ KIADB industrial areas.
Map no 27 shows the proposed Circulation Pattern in the Kanakapura LPA. The following tables
show the statistics of the roads in the LPA.
Table 9.6: Road Inventory of Kanakapura LPA.

Road Width
Length (in km)
Area (sq m)
18
67.88
1221.86
24
75.02
1800.39
30
56.08
1682.25
80
12.74
1018.95
90
32.11
2890.13
243.82
8613.59
Total
Besides the roads proposed by the Master plan there exists BMR proposed roads in the LPA (IRR,
STRR, TRR). The statistics of the roads are given in the table below.
Table 9.7: Road Inventory of BMR proposed roads

Type
Road Width (m)
Length (km)
Area (sqkm)
IRR
90
8.06
0.73
PRR
100
5.30
0.53
RR
90
5.69
0.51
TRR
90
24.65
2.22
STRR
90
1.72
0.15
45.42
4.14
Total
Sky Group
P a g e | 148
9.6.3
ROAD WIDENING AND BUILDING LINE
The following roads have been identified in the LPA for widening.
Table 9.8: Inventory of Roads proposed to be widened in the Master plan

2031
SL
ROAD NAME
EXISTING WIDTH (m)
PROPOSED WIDTH(m)
NH 209
20
30
SH3
12
18
BUDIKERE MAIN ROAD
12
30
PIPELINE ROAD
20
SANGAMA ROAD
12
30
The Proposed building line from the major roads has been listed in the table below.
Table 9.10: Building Line proposed for major roads

Sl.
No.
Name of the Road
Proposed right of way

(m)
Building line from the edge

of ROW (m)
STRR
90.0
10.0
IRR
90.0
10.0
TRR
90.0
10.0
RR
60.0
6.0
NOTE:
For National Highways, State highways, Major District roads, other district roads and village roads
standards specified (road width, building lines etc.,) by the Ministry of Surface Transport, Government
of India are to be followed vide Govt. Notification No: UDD 251 BMR 2005, dated 22-12-2005 and
other circulars of Government of Karnataka)
For all existing roads of width more than 15m shall be provided minimum of 3m building line.
Sky Group
P a g e | 149
9.6.4
STRUCTURE PLAN POLICIES AND PROPOSALS
LAND UTILISATION AND ENVIRONMENT

The land utilization study along with the LCA lead to the formation of the following policy sets. The
policy set in the BMR RSP 2031 is universally applicable to all LPAs. The table below lists the
policies and their recommendations.
Table 9.9: Structure Plan proposals land Utilization and Environment

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATIONS
LU1
Land allocation strategy to promote compact development
LU2
Designating urban areas that serve as urban reserves or transition zones
LU3
Decentralization and relocation of congestion generating uses from BBMP
LU4
LU5
Development framework to integrate proposed industrial estates
LU6
Minimizing conflicts between the proposed industrial estates and ecologically sensitive areas.
LU7
Environmental impacts of industrial estates
LU8
Green belt management and inclusion in the conservation zone
LU9
Assessment of the proposed conurbations of the Interim Master Plans
10
EV1
Conservation of productive agricultural lands
11
EV2
Promote sustainable agricultural practices
12
EV3
Protection of Surface water Bodies
13
EV4
Active rejuvenation of lakes and tanks
14
EV5
Water demand based land use
15
EV6
Strict control on Ground water extraction
16
EV7
Integrated Water shed management
Sky Group
Urban agriculture should be encouraged to achieve urban food security and local employment
generation
P a g e | 150
17
EV8
Protection of Environmentally Sensitive Areas
18
GEV 9
Active Integration of Wastelands in the development strategy
19
GEV 10
All mining and quarrying activities should be strictly monitored and controlled to effectively
address development and environmental issues in a balanced manner.
ECONOMY
The existing situation shows that the major industrial locations are concentrated on the North-West
part of the region, starting from Peenya and extending towards Nelamangala and beyond. The rest of
the region dominated by textiles and agro industries are concentrated in and around the existing
towns. An analysis of the present investment trend, as depicted by the BMR RSP 2031, however
shows the presence of major investment attraction potential along Kanakapura road, Mysore road
and BMIC. The national and state level strategies have spurred economic growth in the regions in the
post 2000 period. The emergence of the SMEs and creation of major infrastructural facilities like the
BIA have given rise to a major growth to the Bangalore region. However, basic infrastructure like
power, transport and water are still concerns for sustained economic growth. High land prices have
lead to a shortage of affordable housing leading to increasing informality in housing and longer travel
hours. In view of the above economic situation the draft BMR RSP 2031 proposes the following
economic policies as listed in the table below.
Table 9.10: Structure Plan proposals Economy

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATION
E1
A comprehensive and elaborate land allocation strategy should be formulated for BMR
E2
Industrial and any other economic locations should be identified based on land capability.
E3
Spatial spread of economic activities should be planned
E4
Growth of service sector in the BMR should be encouraged.
E5
Encouraging SMEs in the region
E6
Sky Group
BMR should be developed as a nodal area for locating educational, healthcare facilities
and research institutions
P a g e | 151
E7
BMR should be developed as centre for high-end scientific and engineering industries.
E8
BMR should be developed as business tourism destination

Spatial developed initiatives like new townships / residential areas outside BBMP should
E9
be made integral with the local economy of existing settlement and in conjunction with
larger hinterland.
10
E 10
11
E 11
Small scale and medium scale polluting industries should be located outside the BBMP
Settlements in BMR should be made economically sustainable by clustering of economic
activities.
The areas within the city and emerging investment destinations across BKR and existing
12
E 12
towns (cluster and growth nodes) should be connected with efficient public transport
system.
13
E 13
14
E 14
15
E 15
16
E 16
Local Economic Development (LED) policy should be developed at each town level as a
part of the Local Area Development Plan to boost employment in the surrounding towns.
Special hawking zones within the Bangalore city and in identified locations in each zone
should be earmarked.
Environment impact of industrial estates
Proposed industrial estates and large investment destinations should be so developed to
integrate with local economy and livelihood.
TRANSPORT
The BMR draft RSP 2031 compliments the policy recommendations of the SP 2011 for a balanced
regional growth. The policies are hence aligned towards removing the regional imbalances and
increasing the efficiency of the transport systems. The table below highlights the policies of the draft
RSP 2031 for transport sector.
Table 9.11: Structure Plan proposals Transport

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATION
T1
Support and Enable the sustained growth of regional business
T2
Increasing the share of public transport systems
T3
Rail based transport systems and networks
Sky Group
P a g e | 152
T4
Road based transport systems and networks
T5
T6
Interrelationships between transport policy and housing and labour markets.
T7
Linking the new international airport to the major urban centers
T8
Promote urbanization and us of NMV
T9
Expansion of Bangalore Metropolitan Land Transport Authority (BMLTA)
10
T10
Public Transport be developed taking into account the size of the urban settlement
i.e. smaller towns vis a vis the core
Transport proposals be within the larger framework of a Comprehensive Regional

Traffic and Transport Study
Overview of the Transport Recommendations of BMR 2031 for Kanakapura LPA
Road Transport Recommendations:

The Intermediate Ring Road (IRR) and the Peripheral Ring Road (PRR) should be realigned
in locations where they intersect ecologically sensitive areas and in areas where there are
existing major roads nearby.
The right of way (RoW) of the major roads, i.e. arterial road ( 55m) , sub-arterial roads (35m)
and other major roads (25m), have been specified. Exclusive bus lanes have been suggested
for the arterial roads and the sub-arterial roads. Access from arterial roads shall be only
through service roads whose access would be controlled. Sub-arterial roads shall have
access to adjoining properties but interval for median opening and intersections should at
least be one kilometre.
Freight Transport Recommendations:
There is a proposal for development of integrated freight hub at Kanakapura near Harohalli.
HOUSING
The draft Revised Structure Plan 2031 makes policy recommendations for reducing the demandsupply gap in the housing sector and to reduce the regional imbalance in terms of housing types. The
RSP recommends provision of serviced land with transport and employment facilities to give the
Sky Group
P a g e | 153
growth nodes and the clusters a spur of development. It also suggests about shifting the role of the
KHB from housing builder to more of a housing facilitator and providing housing to the poor at
subsidized rates. In-situ up gradation programmes of the slum areas should be undertaken and
housing needs of the urban poor should be addressed as a part of the housing strategy. The table
below lists out the housing policy of the draft RSP 2031 which remains same in aggregate as the SP
2011.
Table 9.12: Structure Plan proposals Housing

SL
POLICY
H1
RECOMMENDATIONS
Government land should be provided within the priority growth centres and new urbanisable
blocks for composite and joint venture
A policy to restructure the functions, roles and operations of the Karnataka Housing Board (
H2
KHB), through innovatory changes in the regulatory framework, should be implemented to

shift focus from house builder to land assembler and infrastructure facilitator as a joint
venture partner with the private sector for the provision of housing
H3
H4
H5
Measures are required to be taken to provide land for group housing for the urban poor at
subsidized or controlled prices
The main focus of the Karnataka Slum Clearance Board ( KSCB) should be on in-situ upgradation through self help processes incorporating the participation of appropriate NGOs.
A range of innovative housing supply solutions, including rental housing, should be
encouraged to help meet the housing needs of the urban poor.
A programme to carry out regular housing needs surveys and to maintain an appropriate
H6
housing management information system in support of the formulation of effective housing

policy and supply targets.
H7
Unauthorized layouts to be regularized within the overall strategic intent of the BMR RSP
2031
WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

The RSP 2031 has the following recommendations for water supply and sanitation.
Sky Group
P a g e | 154
Table 9.13: Structure Plan proposals Water Supply

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATIONS
W1
Adequate measures to augment supply from surface water source in the BMR
W2
Ensure quality supply in the BMR
W3
Improve efficiency of utilization
W4
Advocate better waste management and conservation measures
W5
Implement measures to protect water bodies and tanks
Table 9.14: Structure Plan proposals Sanitation

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATIONS
S1
Maximise the utility and efficiency of the existing sewerage systems in the BMR
S2
Measures to be taken for augmentation of sewer network
S3
S4
Encourage waste water treatment using appropriate technology to protect

environment and promote the reuse of treated water for non-potable uses
Enforce vigilance against uncontrolled discharge into network.
POWER
The BMR RSP 2031 proposed increase in power generation in the region by using alternative and
ecologically friendly sources and municipal wastes. It also envisages private players on the power
generation region. It strives to ensure quality supply of power by use of clean coal technology and
renovation of the old power plants in the region. Stringent efficiency standards and emission norms
on vehicles to reduce demand of conventional fuels is also proposed. Operational and financial
performance of distribution network should be improved and demand may be reduced by replacing
power intensive industries through R&D.
Table 9.15: Structure Plan proposals Power

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATIONS
P1
Enhance power generation capacity with optimum utilization of source
Sky Group
P a g e | 155
P2
Ensure quality supply of power to the BMR region
P3
Improve operational and financial performance of the distribution sector company
P4
Introduce improved mechanisms for demand side management so as to reduce the

demand for energy
TELECOM
Table 9.16: Structure Plan proposals telecom

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATIONS
TC1
Improve telecom connectivity in the rural districts of BMR
TC2
Provide fair and transparent policy environment forth e telecom market
TC3
Enhance capacities of telephone exchanges

The BMR draft RSP 2031 provides policy guidelines for the up gradation of the solid waste
management process in the BMR. It proposes the setting up of an integrated solid waste
management facility in the region and utilization of advanced technology to make solid waste disposal
a safe and profitable affair. It also proposed involvement of people for better facilitation of MSW
management by creating awareness through concepts like concepts of source segregation. The
table below lists out the policy guidelines.
Table 9.17: Structure Plan proposals Solid Waste Management

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATIONS
SWM 1
Integrated solid waste management in the region
SWM 2
Sky Group
Advanced technologies and practices are to be developed to treat the waste

before final disposal and create new economic opportunities
P a g e | 156
SWM 3
Stakeholder involvement in solid waste management

Encourage decentralized small waste treatment and disposal facilities with the
SWM 4
support of community based organizations to reduce pressure on the

centralized facilities and to extend the life of the centralized facilities
SWM 5
Private public participation in waste treatment and disposal
SWM 7
Mandate segregation of waste at household level
The RSP 2031 proposed the establishment of integrated solid waste management facility at
Kanakapura. These facilities are proposed to be centres for waste storage, processing and disposal
in the area. A buffer zone of 500 m should be created around the site as no development zone by
notifying the prohibition of development in a buffer zone.
EDUCATION
The draft RSP envisages removing the regional disparity in education level and raising the general
education level in the region. It also provides policies to create a workforce more apt to the
requirements of the region.
Table 9.18: Structure Plan proposals Education

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATIONS
ED1
Mandate minimum standard for all the schools
ED2
ED3
Enhance capacity of vocational education courses so as to match the

employment potentials of the region
Improve access and availability of quality education in the rural areas
HEALTH
There exists regional disparity in terms of health status as in reported by the Task Force on Health
and Family Welfare 2001. The high level of privatization in the health sector in the Bangalore Urban
district creates a sophisticated pool of medical resource which is absent in the surrounding Bangalore
Sky Group
P a g e | 157
rural and Ramanagara district. The heath policies of the draft RSP hence aims at up grading the
health scenario in the region.
Table 9.19: Structure Plan proposals health

SL
POLICY
RECOMMENDATIONS
HE1
Improved access and availability of quality healthcare in Bangalore rural district
HE2
Use of technology to improve accessibility and availability of health services
HE3
Decentralised and participatory process in health planning and monitoring
9.6.5
SECTORAL PROPOSALS
ECONOMY
INCREASING WORK PARTICIPATION IN THE LPA
The work participation rate in the LPA (Kanakapura Taluk) is 38% that of Kanakapura Town is 17.5%,
whereas that in Karnataka is 41% and at the national level it is 39%1. An increased work participation
rate of 40% should be targeted for the entire LPA (including Kanakapura Town) till the horizon year
2031.
Government
employment programmes such as
Prime
Minister Rozgar Yojana (PMRY),
Swarnajayanthi Shahari Rozgar Yojna, and Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee
Act should be enforced efficiently to increase work participation.
The industrial potential of the area should also be used to generate employment for local people.
Industrial estates and large investment destinations should be so developed as to integrate with the
local economy. Open settlements should be preferred over closed or gated communities.
PROMOTING SMALL SCALE, TINY AMD COTTAGE INDUSTRIES
Small scale, tiny and cottage industries should be promoted through proper financial, marketing and
distribution schemes. Small scale and cottage industries requires less start-up capital, are labour
intensive, offer better employment opportunities to women and are often better platforms for local
1
Census 2011
Sky Group
P a g e | 158
craftsmanship. Hence promotion of such industries serves the purposes of employment generation,
preserving local craft and empowering women.
IMPACT OF INDUSTRIES ON GROUND WATER
The industrial perspective plan for Kanakapura Taluk lists a range of industries in small scale and
medium scale sector as potential investment options. However, the LPA along with the entire BMR
region is under a threat of water scarcity. Hence proper water management plan should be prepared
before commencement of industrial activities to address issues like ground water depletion, ground
water recharge through water treatment, ground water pollution etc.
RELOCATION OF INDUSTRIES FROM BANGALORE
The RSP 2031 specifies relocation of industries from BBMP limits to outer BMR as one of the
economic strategies. Viability of relocating these industries in the LPA may be looked into, to
introduce industries with established markets into the area.
DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL ECONOMY
Local economy should be strengthened in the entire LPA. Planned commercial centers should be
introduced at the major growth nodes in the LPA Kanakapura, Harohalli-Kanakapura and Sathanur.
The influx of population in the LPA would demand a proper commercial network within the LPA for
basic service delivery. Regularization of Delivery chains and markets should be taken up as a major
project
SERICULTURE TO BE GIVEN A BOOST
The provisions of the Suvarna Vastra Neethi 2008-1013 should be utilised to develop sericulture as
the prime activity in the LPA.
The centrally sponsored Catalytic Development Programme" should be implemented with the
assistance of Central Silk Board. Schemes under Catalytic Development Programme like Drip
irrigation, construction of rearing houses, raising of mulberry saplings, Installation of multi end reeling
machines, Incentive for Bivoltine Silk etc. are very popular. In order to ensure production of better
quality cocoons and silk with increased productivity, these programmes under Catalytic Development
Programme should be stepped up for which adequate funds will be made available under the State
and Central sector.
Sky Group
P a g e | 159
The initiatives of The National Research and Development Corporation (NRDC) should be supported
and expanded to establish Chawki Rearing Centre (CRC) and for capacity building and skill
development of the local farmers.
Detailed study should be undertaken to investigate the cause of slow development of sericulture
despite high potential and necessary investment plan for the sector. Kanakapura Town should be
used as the focal center for the LPA for development of capacity building, processing and marketing
facilities subject to its viability during the detailed study.
INTEGRATION OF LARGE INDUSTRIAL ESTATES WITH LOCAL ECONOMY & LIVELIHOOD
Large industrial units have been planned in the Harohalli Bidadi Cluster. Precision Engineering and
Machine Tools, Textiles, Plastics, Construction Material and Rubber and Agro and Food based
Industries have been proposed in the Taluk Industrial development Plan.
These are some of the sectors with highest backward and forward linkages. Forward and backward
linkage of these units should be analyzed in detail to boost the local economy. Art silk, Synthetic
textile manufacturing, Land based Transport, Petroleum products, retail, rubber tyre manufacturing,
recycling industries, Real estate should be used as key industries for boosting the local economy.
Detail studies should be carried out for estimating the quantum of forward and backward linkage and
the investments required.
AGRICULTURE
Food Park has been proposed at Harohalli by the department of Horticulture/ Food Karnataka Ltd.
Agro and Food Industries have been proposed as primary industries in the Taluk Industrial Plan. The
Taluk is also an AEZ for Gerkins and Rose onions. Processing industries should be promoted for
value addition.
Capacity building of the farmers in terms of knowledge development and awareness of latest
technologies, soil health improvement (by crop rotation etc.), water conservation and micro irrigation,
integrated post-harvest processing, crop insurance and credit facilities should be undertaken.
Soil moisture conservation and soil fertility improvement program through watershed approach.
Composting/green manuring/ tank silt recycling should be promoted.
Promoting alternate land use systems like Agri-horti system for arable lands (mango, sapota,
tamarind, jack fruit etc.) and Horti-silvi system (mango, sapota + silver oak, casurina, teak),
Sky Group
P a g e | 160
Silvipasture (block plantation of acacia, silver oak, casurina, D.Sisso, Meliaazardicta, cassia and
muthuga + S.hamata, S.scabra, calaproimum, anjan, Guinea macuaena, etc.) for non-arable lands.
Dryland vegetables (chilli, beans, brinjal, tomato, cluster bean, gourds etc.), Floriculture
(chrysanthemum, jasmine, crossandra marigold, roses etc.) fruits (guava, papaya, banana),
sericulture and coconut plantations should be promoted.
Livestock component (local draught animals, dairy, sheep, piggery, rabbit, apiculture) should be
developed.
COMMERCIAL CENTRE AT KANAKAPURA
There is an absence of a commercial center in the LPA. Since Kanakapura is the Taluk headquarters,
a regional commercial level should be planned in the town. The proposed landuse plan hence shows
a large area dedicated for commercial activities.
TRANSPORT
SEGREGATION OF REGIONAL AND INTRA-SETTLEMENT TRAFFIC
Town Ring road has been proposed around Kanakapura which is the major growth node of the LPA.
It would act as a conurbation boundary as well as serve the purpose of diverting traffic from the
centre of the town.
SEGREGATION OF FREIGHT TRAFFIC
Since major industrial areas have been proposed in the LPA a separate freight corridor is requires
separating the intra settlement traffic and freight traffic. Presently the NH 209 forms the route for both
freight as well as normal traffic. The TRR (town ring road) has been proposed so serve the purpose
by diverting heavy traffic away from the town Centre.
WIDENING OF EXISTING MAJOR ROADS
Sky Group
P a g e | 161
Existing roads in the LPA have been proposed to be widened to accommodate the excess traffic. The
table of roads to be widened is included later in the proposal.
PLANNING FOR PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES
All the major settlements in the LPA and specially Kanakapura town have to be planned for easy
pedestrian movement. Studies should be taken up in the town level to arrive at detailed planning
proposal for pedestrian friendly circulation pattern.
PLANNING FOR PARKING FACILITIES
Parking facilities is completely absent in the LPA. With the growth of the population in the LPA and
the consequent vehicular growth proper planned parking facilities are indispensible part of the
development. Studies should be taken up at town level to recognize inherent problems and arrive at
detail proposals for parking in the towns.
HOUSING
AUGMENTATION OF HOUSING SUPPLY
Housing Stock for both affordable and other categories has to be augmented to support the induced
population in the LPA.
Private real estate development should be encouraged and properly planned along with other models
of housing for viability and utilization of common delivery chains.
Composite and Joint venture housing schemes of the government along with private sector should be
encouraged.
25% of proposed industrial area2 should be used or housing workers and model of housing should be
subsidized by the industrial authority.
According to Industrial Policy 2009-14
Sky Group
P a g e | 162
Housing Schemes such as Indira Awas Yojna, Dr.Ambedkar Housing Scheme, Ashraya Schemes
should be promoted to increase its reach among people.
SLUM IMPROVEMENT
Detail exercise of slum identification should be carried out in the LPA.

Slum development should be brought under National Programmes such as the Rajiv Awas Yojna.
Internal ear-marking of local body funds should be carried out for provision of basic services to the
poor. Security of tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply, sanitation and ensuring
delivery of other already existing universal services of the government for education, health and
social security should be planned for. Earmarking at least 20-25% of developed land in all housing
projects (both public and private agencies) for EWS/LIG category with a system of crosssubsidization should be carried out.
Development programmes for Slums should also be carried out under the programmes funded by
The Karnataka Slum Development Board.
ENVIRONMENT
CONSERVATION OF PRODUCTIVE AGRICULTURAL LANDS
The Kanakapura LPA has some of the most fertile agricultural land in the BMR and has been
designated as an Agri Export Zone (AEZ). Hence all new developments and landuses have been
planned protecting the productive agricultural lands in the LPA.
PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
Sustainable agricultural practices should be followed in the LPA. Soil health should be continuously
monitored and programmes such as "Bhumi-TayiyaArogya" should be promoted to recover soil
quality and fertility. Drip Irrigation should be introduced for crops which do not require flooded fields.
Crop rotation practices should be introduced into the cropping practice to ensure soil fertility and
productivity.
INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
Sky Group
P a g e | 163
Integrated Water management programmes should be adopted by the municipalities and urban local
bodies to ensure sustained supply of water to the LPA. Incessant digging of bore well should be
controlled and water loss during transmission and distribution should be minimized. Waste water
treatment should be introduced to recycle and reuse waste water. All surface water bodies should be
protected, maintained and enhanced for long term ecological well-being and water supply.
MINING AND QUARRYING
Uncontrolled mining and quarrying activities should be stopped. Mining and Quarrying activities
should run with proper licensing along with detailed survey and inspection of potential damage to
natural resources, human settlements and otherwise.
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
WATER SUPPLY
Any plan on water supply must be preceded by a land use plan. New water treatment should be
planned to serve principally first to serve new development areas and then to serve the deficit areas.
Dead end system of distribution of water supply should be adopted as the network system due to its
cost advantage. Minimum capacity for water purification system must be for 1 MGD from economic
point of view, below which it is not recommended.
PROPOSALS
AUGMENTATION OF WATER AVAILABILITY FOR DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL NEEDS
The area experiences shortage of water and wells are the main modes of sustenance in rural areas
as well as part of urban areas. Ground water in this area is fast depleting. The water supply demand
for future has been discussed above. Hence supply of tap water to the LPA needs to be augmented
for both domestic and industrial use.
AUGMENTATION OF WATER QUALITY
Sky Group
P a g e | 164
It has been shown in the study that at present only 20% of the population in the LPA avails treated
tap water supply. At present there are no treatment plants in the LPA. Water treatment has to be
made an integral part of the water supply scheme to supply water free of iron and fluoride.
NEW WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES
The study shows that 14% of the population avail water away from their dwelling unit. Water source
close to dwelling unit should be provided in all areas urban and rural. New water supply schemes
should be introduces to make drinking water available to all.
CREATION OF WATER TREATMENT PLANTS
Water treatment plants need to be created in the LPA for providing clean drinking water. 0.22 sq. km
area has been assigned for utilities in the proposed Landuse plan of the Kanakapura LPA while
Harohalli and Kaggalipura have 0.69 and 0.19 sq. km of area assigned for utilities and services.
Treatment plants can be setup centrally for the entire LPA or decentralised in north and south zones.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
Operation and maintenance of water supply pipes and water treatment
plant is necessary to meet
the future demand of water. All the above strategy will fail if there is no proper maintenance. All
pipeline leakages need to be identified to prevent loss of water. While ULBs shall enhance the tariff
base over a period of time to ensure that O&M is payable from the revenues, there is an immediate
requirement of O&M funds so as to ensure that the assets created under the scheme are properly
maintained.
REDUCTION IN LOSSES IN WATER SUPPLY BY PUBLIC AWARENESS
A series of workshops should be organised across the region to create public awareness on the
importance of water as a national resource and the severe consequences of wasting and polluting
water. Industrial clusters are a source of severe water loss which can pose a serious threat in future.
The State Government along with NGOs should come forward for campaigning.
STRUCTURED PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTICIPATION
Private sector participation is desirable in the PPP format in the sector so that there is a balance
between risks and responsibilities between the government Agencies and the Private Sector.
In view of the same, private Sector Participants shall be invited to leverage on the following possible
benefits:
Sky Group
P a g e | 165
Reduction of involvements of Public finance or redirecting them to the poor;

Induction of greater technical and management expertise;
Provision of a more responsive service to the customers;
Sourcing of additional financing;
IMPROVEMENT OF GROUND WATER SITUATION
1. Industrial growth should be effected in a planned manner and it will be mandatory for the
units to allow periodical monitoring of water quality from nearby wells on a regular basis by
agencies like SPB/PHE and should be open for cross checking;
2. For ground water based industries, regular water level and quality monitoring have to be
made compulsory;
3. Rain water harvesting measures have to be adopted by all the industrial establishments
where the water level is not shallow;
DRAINAGE AND SANITATION
Considering that there is virtually no systematic drainage system, it is felt necessary for each city to
draw up an integrated drainage and sewerage system for the entire area. Accordingly it will be the
endeavours of the city to design and implement an integrated system on a phase wise basis. The
drainage system will be set up initially in Kanakapura and then extended to the other areas of the
region. The drainage plan shall be worked out on the basis of Master Plan, GIS, Land Use & Control
Plan and the existing Drainage Channels. Generally, drains shall be provided along the existing
roads, existing rails and proposed roads and rails. The cost of the Integrated Drainage System shall
be worked out through Detailed Studies and Assessment and will be taken up for implementation
thereafter.
However, the present situation merits urgent attention and requires implementation of immediate
improvement schemes. In view of the same, immediate action plans have been worked out for
implementation.
Sky Group
P a g e | 166
OBJECTIVES
To develop and improve the storm water drainage in KLPA and the new developing areas by
2031.
To solve the water logging problems in the urban areas with better networking of drains.
To cover all existing drains after their repairing by 2021.
To achieve complete coverage of sewer network in newly developing areas along with
progress of development.
To provide total sanitation to major rural areas by 2021.
To achieve complete coverage of sewerage network by 2031, since laying of sewer lines in
already developed and congested areas would be difficult.
To make KLPA free from open defecation by 2031 as per Government of Indias total
sanitary campaign.
The Industrial waste generation has not been considered in the above calculation. Industrial waste
has to be treated separately before releasing into the network. The tolerance limit of the of the
release fluids must conform with the standards prescribed in IS:3306-1974. The volume of industrial
waste would depend on the type of industrial units proposed.
The design volume of the sewerage system would therefore be calculated on the basis of domestic
and industrial waste generated in the LPA.
PROPOSALS
IMPROVEMENT OF DRAINAGE NETWORK
The surface drains do not have total coverage in the LPA. Kanakapura town has surface drainage
system in the 5 percent of the total area. In rural areas surface drains are absent. Surface drains
have to be constructedto cover all settlement areas. Drain covers to be provided to all new and
existing drains.
COMPLETE COVERAGE OF SEWER NETWORK
Sky Group
P a g e | 167
The sewerage system has to be extended to cover all settlements in Kanakapura LPA. 71.6 km of
sewerage system is already under proposal to be constructed in Kanakapura town. The total area
proposed to be developed in the LPA is 27 sqkm and the total length of road network proposed is
10152 km.
Hence an additional 10125 km of sewerage network has to be constructed in order to bring the
coverage up to 100 percent. The design period of the sewerage system should at least be 30 years.
The trunk sewer line from the sources to STPs shall be laid along the contour. The advantage of
natural slopes along the streams, rivers and road network should be adopted while designing the
trunk sewer line.
TOTAL SANITATION TO RURAL AREAS: SANITARY TOILETS
Provision has to be made for assistance to BPL households to build sanitary toilets and upgrade their
septic tanks and construct soak pits, to extend sanitation facilities in the entire LPA.
CONSTRUCTION OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS
Sewage treatment plants have to be constructed in the LPA for treating sewage. Tertiary treatment of
sewage can be used as a strategy for ground water recharge through reclaimed sewage, since water
scarcity is a major issue in the LPA. For treated industrial wastes to be released for irrigation
purposes, the final fluid must conform with BIS code IS: 3307-1965.The STPs shall be accessible for
ease in construction and repairing of plant and machineries.
COMMUNITY AWARENESS CAMPAIGN
A community awareness campaign is needed to make people aware about the benefit of sewer
connections and how it can enhance the present living conditions and environmental quality in their
areas.
SAFE DISPOSAL OF WASTES AND UTILISATION
Appropriate measures have to be taken for safe disposal of septic tank and other wastes. Detachable
dumping chutes should be constructed at selected points in the sewerage system for disposing of the
night soil collected from individual houses. The sewage after treatment should be disposed of either
into a water body like lake, stream, river, ocean or into the land.
Sky Group
P a g e | 168
The sewage may be utilised for several purposes such as (i) Industrial reuse or reclaimed sewage
effluent in cooling systems, boiler feed, process water etc, (ii) Reuse in agriculture and horticulture,
watering of laws, golf courses etc. (iii) Ground water recharge for augmenting ground water
resources.
PUBLIC TOILETS
Provision of public toilets in the market areas and in the LIG areas.
CONSTRUCTION OF COMMON EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS IN THE INDUSTRIAL AREAS
Construction of common effluent treatment plants (CETP) must be made mandatory in the industrial
areas for treatment of industrial wastes before release into the sewerage network.
MUNICIPAL OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
Proper fund allocation must be made for operation and maintenance of the sewage system.
Appropriate organisational/ institutional framework must be provided in the newly developed areas of
Harohalli, Kaggalipura and Sathanur for operation and maintenance of sewage network.
Sky Group
P a g e | 169
In, India municipal wastes have to be managed as per the provisions of Municipal Solid Wastes
(Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 promulgated under Environment Protection Act, 1986. As
per these rules, all the biodegradable municipal solid wastes shall be required to be processed by
appropriate biological processing method.
Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2000 has made MSWM the Litigation
responsibility of Urban Local Bodies (City Corporations and Municipal Corporations), which asks for
source segregation of waste for cleaner composting and recycling. Further, the Supreme Court of
India, acting on Public interest Litigation directed all urban local governments to install scientific solid
waste treatment plants before a set deadline. Thus the installation of a scientific solid waste
management system, though a costly proposition for most of the urban bodies, has become an
imminent necessity. Also the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MOEF), Government of India, has
issued the Municipal Solid Wastes (management and handling) Rules in the year 2000, which identify
the CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board) as the agency to monitor the implementation of these
rules.
PROPOSALS
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
In view of the projected growth in population and absence of any MSW facilities it is proposed to have
Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) complex.
MANAGING MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
Existing municipal solid waste management system would follow the following strategies for efficient
management in the future.
COLLECTION OF WASTE
Increasing the coverage and efficiency of collection mechanism would help in better management
and in reducing the formation of unhygienic and open dump sites. Segregation of waste into
biodegradable and non-biodegradable Components shall be carried at source or at primary collection
centres.
Sky Group
P a g e | 170
TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF WASTES
On the basis of availability of land and financial resources with the service provider, either of the
methods aerobic composting, anaerobic Digestion or sanitary land filling could be adopted for
treatment and disposal of waste. However, since it appears that land filling would continue to be the
most widely Adopted practice in India in the coming few years, in which case certain Improvements
need to be done to ensure sanitary land filling and not mere dumping of Waste.
AWARENESS CAMPAIGN
Awareness Campaign shall be carried out in order to educate the general public about the disposal of
solid waste at the right place. Awareness campaign shall also be carried out to show and illustrate the
segregation of solid waste. Benefits about cleanliness and hygienic environment should be taught.
LANDFILL FACILITY
Landfill facility is present for Kanakapura town, though it is not adequate for horizon year 2031. Land
has been allocated for utilities and services in the Landuse plan of Harohalli, Kaggalipura and
Sathanur. Land fill facilities should be located within those areas after proper design considerations.
INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY REFORM
Strengthening urban local bodies to perform efficiently in managing the waste and ensuring
strict enforcement of the recently introduced municipal solid waste (Management and
handling) rules.
It is also imperative to harness and integrate the role of three emerging actors in this field
the private sector, NGOs, and rag pickers into the overall institutional Framework.
MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES

WASTE SEGREGATION
Many wastes are mixtures of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Much of their contents may
even be water. By segregating key toxic constituents, isolating liquid fraction, keeping hazardous
streams away from non-hazardous wastes, generator can save substantial amounts of money on
disposal or find new opportunities for recycling and reuse of wastes. The Ministry of Environment,
Government of India, had identified toxicity of different chemicals, through the Manufacture, Storage
and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 in exercise of power conferred by Section 6, 8 and
Sky Group
P a g e | 171
25 of Environment Protection (E.P). Act, 1986, and had notified mandatory requirements for its
management. In India quantum of generation of wastes (solid/liquid and hazardous/non-hazardous)
for different industry has not been detailed, which is necessary for wastes exchange system or for
adopting treatment/ disposal alternatives for different wastes segregated.
COLLECTION, STORAGE AND TRANSPORT
The unsatisfactory state of storage of hazardous wastes can be remedied to alarge degree by such
low-cost measures as restricting access, fencing off the storagearea to minimize any wind-blown
nuisance, providing separate covered storage forputrifiable of hazardous wastes, and ensuring
regular and frequent collection.There are certain measures a municipal authority can take to control
thetransportation of industrial wastes, even if it does not want to become actuallyinvolved itself. For
instance, contractors should be licensed after ensuring that theyare technically competent and
environmentally aware and should be allowed tohandle industrial wastes. Labelling and coding of
hazardous waste load can be mademandatory so that in the event of an accident, the emergency
services know how tohandle a spillage. Municipal authorities can be given the responsibility to
monitorthe contractors to minimize cases of fly-tipping and ensure that industrial wastes aredisposed
at the appropriate sites. If a municipal authority can also collect industrialwaste; industries must pay
the charge which will be based on the quantity and natureof the waste. This might minimize the
quantity of waste produced by industry and atthe same time the programme will become financially
viable and self-sustaining. Theprinciple the polluter pays should be adhered to in all such cases.
COMBINED TREATMENT FACILITIES
Small-scale industries, which contribute about more than half of the totalproduction, also generate
huge quantity of wastes. The small-scale industries are notin a position to treat their solid wastes or
liquid effluent because of space, technicalknow-how and financial constraints. It is, therefore, deemed
that in a cluster ofsmall-scale industries the different wastes are characterized, identified,
quantifiedand stored for treatment through a combination of recycling, recovery and reuse
ofresources such as, raw material, bio-gas, steam and manure, besides providing anefficient service
facility, to make the system less expensive. The combined effluenttreatment plants (CETP) are to be
operated by the local bodies, where the cost ofconstruction, operation and maintenance need to be
shared by individual industriesdepending upon the quality and quantity of wastes generated.
However, suchcommon treatment facility may require pre-treatment at individual industry to theextent
specified by the State Pollution Control Board. With regard to availability ofwastes along with their
identification, quantum of waste generated should also beascertained so that technology
development/adoption can be considered oneconomic grounds for a small-scale or organised sector
Sky Group
P a g e | 172
of industry. If economicsjustify movement of wastes over longer distances for a centralised plant,
specificsubsidies for storage, collection and transportation could be considered. CETPs are being
successfully operated in Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh andsuch facilities should be promoted in other
States. Small scale industries having waste characteristics similar to those of nearbylarge industry
having waste treatment facilities can take help in treating their wasteson payment basis.
DISPOSAL METHODS
Depending upon the characteristics of the wastes, different types of disposalmethods can be used for
hazardous and non-hazardous industrial wastes. The mostpredominant and widely practiced
methods for wastes disposal are: (a) Landfill, (b)Incineration and (c) Composting.
Landfilling is still the major disposal method in many countries. Yet in manyinstances landfilling sites
are not properly chosen in terms of geophysical soilproperties, hydrogeology, topography and
climate. On a proposed site there is aneed to carefully consider the potential for ground or surface
water contaminationfrom pollution by leachate migration or surface run-off from the site.Nonetheless,
even when a site appears to have the right geophysical properties, itsselection and use are not an
absolute guarantee that contamination of groundwatercan be avoided. Hence, continuous
surveillance of the site and its surroundings mustbe maintained to check that the disposal of
hazardous wastes can continue withoutposing a threat to the environment and to the general public.
To reduce this threatlandfill sites have been lined, for example with plastic materials, in order to
preventleaching into groundwater supplies.
Landfill sites for industries should be proposed in the industrial Landuse area after proper
consideration of contours and design specifications of the industrial park.
Sky Group
P a g e | 173
SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The pivotal role of social infrastructure in development has been recognized in the various national
and state level planning policies. In conformation with the national and state agenda, healthcare has
been given prime importance during the master planning process. A stock of existing facilities has
been taken and the deficiencies and requirements for year 2031 have been calculated. The existing
indicators of the health have been analysed and targets have been set till the year 2031.
HEALTH
INCREASING HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS
Healthcare facilities need to be augmented as per the requirement of the LPA.

INCREASING ACCESSIBILITY TO HEALTHCARE
Healthcare facilities should be set up for every village, cluster and major town so that basic
healthcare is accessible to all people. Regulatory and administrative framework should be
strengthened to ensure availability of medical professionals in all healthcare institutions.
Mobile health clinics can be introduced to improve accessibility in remote areas. Healthcare should
also be made a part of corporate social responsibility (CSR) for the industries that would be set up in
the region.
Technology like telemedicine should be used to make healthcare accessible in remote corners of the
LPA.
HEALTHCARE MONITORING
Regular monitoring of health statistics should be undertaken in the LPA to prepare a database and
monitor increase or decrease in health status. Monitoring should be specially undertaken in and
around industrial areas to analyse the impact of industries on public health.
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
Institutional and administrative framework should be strengthened and organized to ensure swift
service delivery and strict monitoring and operation of healthcare services. Decentralization of
healthcare service should also be accomplished at LPA level, wherein monitoring can be done
through Panchayats and Civil Societies.
Sky Group
P a g e | 174
EDUCATION
EDUCATIONAL FACILITY REQUIREMENT
The following table shows the requirement of educational facilities in the LPA. Basic education would
be strengthened by providing primary and secondary schools at settlement level ensuring proper
accessibility and connectivity from all areas of the LPA. Colleges would be provided at the three
major clusters i.e. Kanakapura, Harohalli Kaggalipura and Sathanur. Technical Institutions,
Engineering colleges and Medical colleges would be planned across the LPA to increase technical
capacity in the workforce to match the employment potential of the region.
INCREASE LITERACY RATE IN THE LPA
The literacy rate of Kanakapura Taluk is 65.1%, whereas that in Karnataka is 75% and the national
literacy rate is 74.5%. Basic education facilities need to be strengthened to increase the literacy rate.
Education programmes such as mid-day meals, free bicycles, free uniforms and bags should be
promoted in order to achieve the goal.
INCREASE ENROLMENT RATIO IN THE LPAAND DECREASE DROPOUT RATE
There is a sharp decrease in enrolment rates in the LPA in secondary schools. Schools should be set
up within communicable distances from villages so that education is accessible to everyone.
Incentives should be provided so that students do not have to leave education to support their
families economically.
STUDENT TEACHER RATIO
Student teacher ration should meet the standards prescribed by the Right of Children to Free and
Compulsory Education Act 2009. A ratio of 1:30 should be maintained in primary schools and 1:35
should be maintained in secondary schools.
INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES IN SCHOOLS
Infrastructure facilities should be improved in schools across the LPA. Separate girls toilet should be
provided in every unit. Drinking water facility and play grounds should be made compulsory in all
schools. Universally accessible design of structures should be followed for all units.
Sky Group
P a g e | 175
Chapter 10 : Phasing of development
CHAPTER 10
PHASING OF DEVELOPMENT
The Master Plan has been prepared for a plan period of 20 years. Since the area proposed is far
more than the requirement of the near future, uncontrolled and sparse development may take place
in absence of a regulating mechanism for the immediate future. Hence the concept of phasing of
development has been introduced as required under section 12 (g) of Karnataka Town and Country
Planning Act, 1861 to bring about gradual and compact development in the Local Planning Area. The
primary objective of act is to guide and regulate the developments within the Local Planning Area in a
phased manner so as to facilitate planning for the provision of infrastructure services like water
supply, sanitation, drainage, transport and social infrastructure.
The projected population in the Local Planning Area is proposed to be accommodated in a phased
manner from 2011-2021 and 2021-2031 as proposed in the phasing map.
No approvals for development/ No Objection Certificate for conversion to non-agricultural use or

change of land use are permissible in the Phase II (i.e., 2021 2031) of urbanizable area. Now the
land uses suggested for the urbanizable area identified for 20212031 are only for the purposes of
planning and these urbanizable areas are not marked for any development during
phase I.
However, if any development was initiated in pursuance of earlier No Objection Certificate given by
this Authority for conversion to non-agriculture use/ change of land use by the Authority, the same
would be allowed as per rules, though such developments are not in line with the policy of ensuring
compact and planned development.
The stages by which the plan is to be carried out in phased manner has been prepared based on:
-
Present growth trend: the area adjacent to present developed areas have been given priority
for development in the first phase.
The area required to accommodate the projected population in 2021 and 2031.
Sky Group
P a g e | 176
The total population in the LPA in 2021 is 3.5 lakhs and that in 2031 is 6 Lakhs. The area requirement
of the two phases has been calculated to accommodate a population of 6 lakhs @ 67pph by the year
2031.
Table 10.1: Phasing of development
Area to be developed*
YEAR
TOTAL URBAN POPULATION
2011
180000
2011-2021
180000
3137.62(including existing)
2021-2031
240000
5938.03
Total
600000
9075
*Area exclusive of water bodies, forests, agricultural lands and hillocks

The urbanisable area requirement for each phase for the four conurbations has been calculated as
follows:
Table 10.2: Phasing of development: Kaggalipura
AREA
POPULATION
Urbanisable area (Ha)*
2011
20000
2011-2021
45000
903.57 (including existing development)
2021-2031
85000
1205.84
1,50,000
2109.41
AREA
POPULATION
2011
20000
2011-2021
60000
1349.06(including existing development)
2021-2031
100000
1372.01
Total
1,80,000
2721.07
AREA
POPULATION
2011
5000
Total
Table 10.3: Phasing of development: Harohalli
Table 10.4: Phasing of development: Sathanur
2011-2021
30000
2021-2031
55000
1566.73
Total
90,000
1858.31
AREA
POPULATION
2011
60000
2011-2021
60000
Table 10.5: Phasing of development: Kanakapura
Sky Group

P a g e | 177
2021-2031
Total
60000
1793.45
1,80,000
2386.87
*Area exclusive of water bodies, forests, agricultural lands and hillocks
The land use analysis for phase-I to be carried out during 2011-21 is detailed below.
Table 10.6: Land use analysis for phase-I: Kaggalipura
KAGGALIPURA
AREA (Ha)
PERCENTAGE
RESIDENTIAL
509.95
53.99%
COMMERCIAL
57.35
6.35%
INDUSTRIAL
16.64
1.84%
PARK & OPENSPACE
75.21
8.32%
PUBLIC & SEMIPUBLIC
97.90
10.83%
TRANSPORTATION
146.51
16.21%
URBANISABLE AREA - PHASE 1
903.57
100.00%
1205.84
2109.41
LANDUSE
Table 10.7: Land use analysis for phase-I: Harohalli

HAROHALLI
LANDUSE
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL
PARK & OPEN SPACES
PUBLIC UTIITY
TRANSPORTATION
Sky Group
AREA (Ha)
PERCENTAGE
479.45
33.10
468.14
57.05
34.05
47.43
229.85
1349.06
1372.01
2721.07
35.54%
2.45%
34.70%
4.23%
2.52%
3.52%
17.04%
100.00%
P a g e | 178
Table 10.8: Land use analysis for phase-I: Kanakapura

KANAKAPURA
LANDUSE
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL
PARK & OPEN SPACES
PUBLIC UTIITY
TRANSPORTATION
AREA (Ha)
PERCENTAGE
378.90
20.59
3.39
68.17
32.28
13.66
76.40
593.41
1793.46
2386.87
63.85%
3.47%
0.57%
11.49%
5.44%
2.30%
12.88%
100.00%
Table 10.9: Land use analysis for phase-I: Sathanur

SATHANUR
LANDUSE
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL
PARK & OPEN SPACES
PUBLIC UTIITY
TRANSPORTATION
Sky Group
AREA (Ha)
139.71
23.45
7.55
20.51
25.49
13.44
61.43
291.58
1566.73
1858.31
PERCENTAGE
47.91%
8.04%
2.59%
7.04%
8.74%
4.61%
21.07%
100.00%
P a g e | 179
Chapter 11|Financial Implication
CHAPTER 11
ENFORCEMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND

EVALUATION
As per Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961, Master plan is prepared to guide and
regulate the growth of dynamic urban areas; Master Plan is a physical development plan or land use
plan and is prepared taking into account the land requirement for various uses for a growing
community.
In many ways, Master plan lays down the blueprint for the development of a region and direction in
which growth of the region must be shaped. The proposals of Master Plan have to be implemented
by all concerned stakeholders for it to be an effective instrument for urban planning. The
implementation of Master plan proposals must be reviewed on a periodic basis and a mechanism
must be in place for evaluation of the extent to which identified actions are successfully
accomplished.
11.1 ACTIONS
The identified actions for monitoring can be summarized broadly as follows:

1)
To develop compact and complete urban communities
Compact community is a high density urban settlement and is the most sustainable urban form.
Compactness has many advantages, less cost of providing services, less carbon footprint, forging
strong community links being the foremost. A complete urban form has a well-defined and developed
street network with equitable allocation of road space for all modes; mixed land use that reduces the
need and length of a trip; focus on public transport and walking and cycling.
Parameters for review:
Density of development; Completeness of street network with specific focus on completion of missing
links; width and quality of footpaths; creation of bus-bays; development of bus terminals; priority to
public transport by providing dedicated lanes for buses; development of cycle tracks etc.
Sky Group
P a g e | 180
2)
To enhance the character and quality of public realm to suit the varied requirements of
the community.
What makes an urban community liveable? Historically, many towns/cities always had a main market
streets, public plazas etc. where people could congregate and interact. The public realm comprises of
the places where the children could play; the old could meet and chat and the young could hang-out,
and the people in other age-groups could catch up with their friends after work or exercise in the
mornings or do their shopping without the threat of being run over by a passing vehicle. Public realm
must have something for every age group. Well-developed Parks, play grounds, pedestrianized
areas etc. enhance the quality of public realm.
Parameters for review: Development of parks on hierarchical basis (neighbourhood/ city /town
level); Networking of green spaces along nalas, lakes, rivers etc./ buffer spaces to form a network of
green links for walking/cycling; Pedestrianization of market streets, temple streets, heritage areas etc.
3)
To
proactively encourage
the
development of a
sustainable
community by
discouraging use of personal vehicles and thereby, reduce the carbon footprint of the
community.
Unbridled growth of personal vehicles adds to congestion, air-pollution and increase in unproductive
time spent in commuting for the community. Many indirect costs like parking costs are not considered
when people make a choice to buy a two-wheeler or a car as parking is free in many of our
cities/towns. Parking on streets also reduces the road width available for movement of
people/vehicles and further causes congestion problems. Like good habits that need to be inculcated
from childhood, paid parking has to be implemented irrespective of the fact that the city/town has
manageable traffic.
Parameters for review: Implementation of parking policy with parking pricing; demarcation of areas
where vehicles can be parked and where they cannot be parked; enforcement measures;
Provision of cycle parking etc.
4) To facilitate seamless freight movement while ensuring that the ambience of the city is not
affected due to movement of trucks etc. through the city.
Parameters for review:Development of designated parking areas for heavy goods vehicles/logistic
hubs.
Sky Group
P a g e | 181
5) To preserve historically and culturally important landmarks, and to ensure that public
infrastructure and facilities within the city/town are aesthetically designed and
constructed from architectural and functional point of view, and contribute to
enhancing the ethos of the city/town.
Parameters for review: Identification of historically and culturally important buildings and
development of plans for their preservation; developing design guidelines for new public
buildings.
6) To enhance the per-capita green space in the city/town with attention to protection of
local bio-diversity.
Parameters for review: Development of guidelines for city plantation; extent of plantation proposed
during the year etc.
11.2MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Master plan for the plan period 2031 will be successful only if the objectives listed above are
implemented in co-ordination with all implementing agencies. It is necessary to put in a mechanism
to ensure that implementation of master plan proposals are periodically reviewed.
A master plan review committee is set up under the Deputy Commissioner of the district as follows,
for this purpose.
Sl.
Members
Deputy Commissioner of concerned District
Chairman
Representative of B.M.R.D.A not below the rank of Deputy Director
Member
Executive engineer, P.W.D.
Member
Representative of Zilla Panchayat
Member
Commissioner/ Chief Officer of respective Municipality
Member
Member Secretary of Local Planning Authority
Member-Convener
Representative of BWSSB,BESCOM ,KAIDB & KHB( invitees as and when

required)
Member
Sky Group
P a g e | 182
The committee is expected to meet every quarter to review the performance with respect to specific
targets that must be identified in the first meeting of the committee. All the proposals/ projects/
schemes identified for implementation or enforcement are prioritised to be developed in phases over
the plan period of 20 years depending on the mode of development and funding.
An independent evaluation of master plan will be done by BMRDA every five years to gauge
the effectiveness of the implementation of the Master plan proposals.
11.3 FISCAL PLAN FOR 2031

The fiscal requirement for infrastructure provision based on the proposals of the Master Plan 203,
have been calculated as shown in the table below. Unit prices have been considered from similar
projects elsewhere.
Table 11.1: Financial proposals
ROADS
SL
CATEGORY
WIDTH
(m)
LENGTH (km)
90
8.06
90
5.3
90
5.69
60
24.65
LAND
ACQUISITION
COST (CRORE)
DEVELOPMENT
COST
694.06
64.48
758.54
456.39
4.24
460.63
489.98
4.552
494.53
1910.39
17.748
1928.14
81.456
1133.61
90.024
1640.45
67.296
1516.04
329.796
7931.95
STRR
ITRR
IRR
RR
MASTER PLAN
PROPOSED ROADS
18
67.88
1052.15
MASTER PLAN
PROPOSED ROADS
24
75.02
1550.43
MASTER PLAN
PROPOSED ROADS
30
56.08
1448.75
6
7
TOTAL
7602.16
TOTAL
FINANCIAL
REQUIREMENT
PARKS AND PUBLIC & SEMI PUBLIC PLACES

AREA
PROPOSED IN
MASTER PLAN
(Ha)
SL
9
PARKS AND OPEN SPACES
Sky Group
10.02
LAND
ACQUISITION
COST (CRORE)
8628.42
DEVELOPMENT
COST
10.02
TOTAL
FINANCIAL
REQUIREMENT
8638.44
P a g e | 183
10
PUBLIC AND SEMI PUBLIC USES
6.20
5338.94
6.2
5345.14
13983.59
TOTAL FINANCIAL OVERLAY
21915.54
The total cost of provision of transport infrastructure including the BMR proposed roads (STRR, IRR,
RR, ITRR) is 7931 crores. Provision public amenities in the LPA till 2031 would require a capital sum
of 13983 crores. The total capital required is 21, 915 crores.
Sky Group
P a g e | 184
PART II
ZONING REGULATIONS
Chapter 12|Zoning Regulations
CHAPTER 12
ZONING REGULATIONS
12.1 INTRODUCTION
In order to promote public health, safety and the general social welfare of the community, it is
necessary to apply control and reasonable limitation on the development of land and buildings.
This is to ensure that most appropriate, economical and healthy development of the entire
Kanakapura Local Planning Area including Kanakapura Town takes place in accordance
with the land use plan, and its continued maintenance over the years. For this purpose, the LPA
is divided into number of use zones, such as Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Public and
Semi Public, Park and Open Space etc. Each zone has its own regulations, as the same set of
regulations cannot be applied to the entire area.
Zonal Regulations protects residential areas from the harmful invasions of commercial and
industrial uses and at the same time promotes the orderly development of industrial and
commercial areas, by suitable regulations on spacing of buildings to provide adequate light, air,
protection from fire, etc. It prevents overcrowding in buildings and on land to ensure adequate
facilities and services.
Zoning is not retrospective. It does not prohibit the uses of land and buildings that are lawfully
established prior to the coming into effect of these Zonal Regulations. If these uses are contrary
to the newly proposed uses, they are termed non-conforming uses and are gradually eliminated
over years without inflicting unreasonable hardship upon the property owner.
The Zonal Regulations and its enforcement ensure proper land use and development and form
an integral part of the Master Plan. It also ensures solutions to problems of development underlocal conditions.
The Zonal Regulations for Kanakapura Local Planning Area prepared under the clause (a) of
sub-section (1) of section 12 of the Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961 are
detailed below:
Sky Group
P a g e | 185
12.1. 1
Establishment of Zones and Zonal Maps
The local planning area is divided into use zones such as Residential, Commercial,
Industrial etc., as shown in the enclosed maps.
12.1.2
Zonal boundaries and interpretations of Zonal Regulations.
These regulations set out the various uses of land:
a.
Those are permitted.
b.
Those may be permitted under special circumstances by the Authority in

different zones.
The regulations governing minimum size of plot, maximum plot coverage, minimum front, rear
and side setbacks, minimum road widths and maximum number of floors and height of
structures are set out in these regulations.
NOTE:
a.
Where there is uncertainty as regards to the boundary of the zones in the approved
maps, it shall be referred to the Authority and the decision of the Authority in this regard
shall be final.
b.
For any doubt that may arise in interpretation of the provisions of the Zonal Regulations,
the Authority shall consult BMRDA or the Director of Town & Country Planning,
Government of Karnataka, Bangalore.
c.
Where there is uncertainty in identifying alignment of nala, canal, river, existing public
road, railway line, high-tension line and any religious building position and also survey
number boundaries in the approved maps, it shall be referred to the actual position on
ground and decision taken by the Authority in this regard shall be final.
d.
Change of Land Use from Approved Master Plan

No change of land use cases shall be entertained by the Authority under section 14-A of
Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act (K.T.C.P. Act), 1961 in the Agricultural
Zone as such changes contravene the provisions of Master Plan.
Sky Group
P a g e | 186
e.
Phasing and Compact Development

The projected population in the Local Planning Area is proposed to be accommodated in
a phased manner from 2011-2021 and 2021-2031 as proposed in the phasing map.
However no approvals for development/ No Objection Certificate for conversion to nonagricultural use or change of land use are permissible in the Phase II (i.e., 2021
2031) of urbanizable area. Now the land uses suggested for the urbanizable area
identified for 2021 2031 are only for the purposes of planning and these urbanizable
areas are not marked for any development during phase I.
However if any development was initiated in pursuance of earlier No Objection
Certificate given by this Authority for conversion to non-agriculture use/ change of land
use by the Authority, the same would be allowed as per rules, though such
developments are not in line with the policy of ensuring compact and planned
development.
12.1.3
Definitions
In these Zonal Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires, the expressions given below
shall have the meaning indicated against each of them.
1.
Act means the Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act (K.T.C.P. Act), 1961.
2.
Addition or Alteration means a structural change including an addition to the area
or change in height or the removal of part of building, or any change to the structure, such
as the construction or removal or cutting of any wall or part of a wall, partition, column,
beam, joist, floor including a mezzanine floor or other support, or a change to or closing of
any required means of access ingress or egress or a change to fixtures or equipment as
provided in these Zonal Regulations.
3. Amalgamation means clubbing of two or more authorized plots.
4. Amenity
includes roads, street, open spaces, parks, recreational grounds,
playgrounds, gardens, water supply, electric supply, street lighting, sewerage,

drainage, public works and other utilities, services and conveniences.
5. Apartment means a room or suite or rooms, which are occupied or which is intended
or designed to be occupied by one family for living purpose.

6. Apartment building / multi dwelling Unit means a building containing four or more
dwelling units, or two buildings blocks, each containing two or more dwelling units on a
given property. This word is synonymous with residential flat.
Sky Group
P a g e | 187
7. "Applicant means any person who gives notice to the Authority for any approval with
an intention to take up any development work.

8. Auditorium means Premises having an enclosed space to seat audience and stage
for various performances such as concerts, plays, music etc.

9. Authority means Planning Authority constituted for Kanakapura Local Planning area
under the Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961.

10. Balcony means a horizontal cantilever projection including a handrail or balustrade, to
serve as passage or sit out place.

11. Basement storey or cellar means any storey, which is partly / wholly below the
ground
level. The basement height should not project more than 1.2 m above the
average ground level.

12. Bifurcation means bifurcation of a plot into two.
13. Building includes;
a. A house, out-house, stable, privy, shed, well, verandah, fixed platform, plinth, door
step and any other such structure whether of masonry, bricks, wood, mud, metal or
any other material whatsoever;
b. A structure on wheels simply resting on the ground without foundation;
c. A ship, vessel, boat, tent and any other structure used for human habitation or used
for keeping animals or storing any article or goods on land.
14. Building Line means the line up to which the plinth of buildings may lawfully extend
within the plot on a street or an extension of a street and includes the line prescribed, if
any, or in any scheme.
15. Building Set Back is the minimum distance between any building or structure from the
boundary line of the plot.

16. Bus Depot means premises used by public transport agency or any other agency for
parking, maintenance and repair of buses. These may include the workshop.
17. Bus Terminal means a premises used by public transport agency to park the buses
for short duration to serve the public. It may include the related facilities for
passengers.
18. Carriageway means the clear motorable width within the road right of way without any
obstructions such as drains, trees, electric poles, etc. The carriageway surface may be
or may not be paved. Width of the carriage way or the width of the pavement depends
on the width of the traffic lane and number of lanes.
Sky Group
P a g e | 188
19. Chajja means a continuous sloping or horizontal cantilever projection provided over
an opening or external wall to provide protection from sun and rain.

20. Chimney means a structure usually vertical containing a passage or flue by which the
smoke, gas, etc., of a fire or furnace are carried off and by means of which a draught is
created.
21. Civic Amenity" means a market, a post office, a bank, a bus stand or a bus depot, a
fair price shop, a milk booth, a school, a dispensary, a maternity home, a child care
centre, a library, a gymnasium, a recreation centre run by the Government or Local
Authority, a centre for educational, religious, social or cultural activities or philanthropic
service run by a co-operative society or society registered under the Karnataka
Societies Registration Act, 1960 (Karnataka Act 17 of 1960) or by a trust created wholly
for charitable, educational or religious purposes, a police station, fire station, an area
office or a service station of the Local Authority or the Karnataka Urban Water Supply
and Drainage Board or the Karnataka Electricity Supply Companies, State and Central
Govt. offices and such other amenity as the Government may by notification specify.
22. Clinic: A premises used for treatment of outpatients by a doctor.
23. Clinical Laboratory: A premises used for carrying out tests for diagnosis of ailments.
24. Commercial Building means a building or part of a building, which is used as shops,
and/or market for display and sale of merchandise either wholesale or retail, building
used for transaction of business or the keeping of accounts & records for similar
purpose; professional service facilities, corporate offices, software services, offices of
commercial undertakings and companies, petrol bunk, restaurants, lodges, nursing
homes, cinema theatres, multiplex, kalyana mantapa, banks ,community hall and clubs
run on commercial basis.
Storage and service facilities incidental to the sale of
merchandise and located in the same building shall be included under this group,
except where exempted.
25. Common Wall means a wall built on land belonging to two adjoining owners, the wall
being the joint property of both owners.

a)
If two adjoining owners build a dividing wall on their property, they are not common
walls and no part of the footings of either wall shall project on to the land of the
adjoining owner, except by legal agreement between the owners.
b)
Any such common or dividing wall shall be considered for the purpose of these
byelaws, as being equivalent to an external wall as far as the thickness and height
are concerned.
Sky Group
P a g e | 189
26. Community Hall means congregational place to be developed by Government or
Local Bodies, Trust, Society, etc., and having a Hall without separate kitchen and
dining. No upper floor shall be permitted.
27. Convention Centre means premises having enclosed space for conducting seminars,
conferences and exhibitions without cooking facilities.

28. Corner Plot/ Corner Site means a plot facing two or more intersecting
Streets/Roads.
29. Corridor means a common passage or circulation space including a common
entrance hall.
30. Court yard means a space permanently open to the sky either in the interior or
exterior of a building within the site around a structure.

31. Covered Area means area covered by building / buildings immediately above the
plinth level, but does not include the space covered by;
a. Court yard at the ground level, garden, rocky area, well and well structures, plant,
nursery, water pool, swimming pool (if uncovered) platform around a tree, tank,
fountain, bench with open top and unenclosed sides by walls and the like;
b. Drainage, culvert, conduit, catch-pit, gully-pit, chamber gutter and the like;
c. Compound or boundary wall, gate, un-storied porch and portico, chajja, slide, swing,
uncovered staircase, watchman booth including toilet. The area covered by
watchman booth or pump house shall not exceed 15 sq m depending on the size of
the plot and its requirement.
d. Sump tank and electric transformer.
32. Cross Wall means an internal wall within the building up to the roof level or lintel
level.
33. Cultural Building means a building built by a Trust, Society, Government or Local
body for cultural activities.

34. Density means concentration of population expressed in terms of number of persons
per hectare in a particular area.

35. Detached Building means a building, the walls and roof of which are independent of
any other building in the same plot with open spaces on all sides, except the portion
covered by the garage.
36. Duplex means a residential apartment in two levels connected with an internal
staircase.
37. Drains means natural valleys intended for flow of storm water /rain water.
38. Drainage means the removal of any waste liquid by a system constructed for this
purpose.
Sky Group
P a g e | 190
39. Dwelling Unit /Tenement means an independent housing unit with separate facility
for living, cooking and sanitary requirements.

40. Exit means a passage, channel or means of egress from any floor to a street or other
open space of safety.

41. External Wall means the outer wall of the building not being a partition wall even
though adjoining a wall of another building and also a wall abutting on an interior open
space of any building.
42. First Floor means the floor immediately above the ground floor or stilt, on which
second and other floors follow subsequently.

43. Flatted Factory means a premises having group of non-hazardous small industrial
units as given in Schedule I having not more than 50 workers and these units may be
located in multi-storeyed industrial buildings.
44. Floor means the lower surface in a storey on which one normally walks in a building.
The general term floor does not refer basement or cellar floor and mezzanine.
45. Floor Area Ratio(FAR) means the quotient of the ratio of the combined gross area of
all floors, except the areas specifically exempted under these regulations, to the total
area of the plot, viz.
Floor Area Ratio =
Total floor area of all the floors

---------------------------------------------Plot Area
46. Footing means the projecting courses at the base of a wall to spread the weight over a
large area.
47. "Foundation means that part of structure which is below the lowest floor and which
provides support for the superstructure and which transmits the load of the
superstructure to the bearing strata.
48. Frontage means the width of any site/land abutting the access/public road.
49. Garage means a structure designed or used for the parking of vehicles.
50. Government means the Government of Karnataka.
51. Ground Floor means immediately above the level of the adjoining ground level on all
sides or above the basement floor.

52. Guidance Value is the value fixed by the Sub-Registrar for the land/building as per
The Karnataka Stamp Act -1957.

53. Gas go down means premises where LPG cylinders are stored.
Sky Group
P a g e | 191
54. Ground Coverage means the total area covered by building immediately above the
plinth level. Swimming pool, sump tank, pump house and electric substation, utilities are
not included.
55. Group Housing means apartments or group of apartments on a minimum plot size of
1 hectare or more with one or more floors and with one or more dwelling units in each
floor. They are connected by an access of not less than 3.5 m in width, if they are not
approachable directly from the road.
56. Habitable Room means a room occupied or designed for occupancy by one or more
persons for study, living, sleeping, Eating, cooking but does not include bathrooms
water closet compartments, laundries serving and storage pantries, corridors , cellars,
attics and spaces that are not used frequently or during extended periods.
57. Hazardous Building means a building or part thereof used for:
a. Storage handling, manufacture of processing of radioactive substances or of highly

combustible or explosive materials or of products which are liable to burnwith
extreme rapidity and/or producing poisonous fumes or explosive emanations;
b. Storage, handling, manufacture or processing of which involves highly corrosive,
toxic or noxious alkalis, acids, or other liquids, gases or chemicals producing flame,
fumes and explosive mixtures, etc. or which result in division of matter into fine
particles capable of spontaneous ignition.
58. Head Room where a finished ceiling is not provided the lower side of the Joists or
beams
or tie beams shall determine the clear headroom.

59. Height of Building means the vertical distance measured in the case of flat roofs from
the average road level of the site to the top of the roof and in the case of pitched roofs
up to the point where the external surface of the outer wall intersects a finished surface
of the sloping roof and in case of gable facing the street, the midpoint between the eavelevel and the ridge. Architectural features, service no other function except that of
decoration shall be excluded for the purpose of measuring height. Water tank,
chimneys, lift room, stair case room, and parapet are also excluded for the purpose of
measuring height. The aggregate area of such structures shall not exceed 1/10th of the
roof area of the building upon which they are erected.
60. Heritage Building means a building possessing architectural, aesthetic, historic or
cultural values, which is declared as Heritage building by the Planning Authority,

Kanakapura or any other Competent Authority within whose jurisdiction such building is
situated.
Sky Group
P a g e | 192
61. Heritage Precinct means an area comprising heritage building or buildings and
precincts there of or related places which is declared as such by the Planning Authority,
or any other Competent Authority within whose jurisdiction such building is situated.
62. High Density Development means development which include star hotels, shopping
malls, multiplexes, commercial complexes, IT and BT.

63. High-rise Building means a building of height of G+4 or 15 m or more above the
average ground level. However, chimneys, cooling towers, boiler, rooms/ lift machine
rooms, cold storage and other not-working areas in case of industrial buildings and
water tanks, and architectural features in respect of other buildings may be permitted
without reckoning for height.
64. Hospital is premises providing medical facilities of general or specialized
nature for
treatment of indoor and outdoor patients.

65. Hotels: A premises used for lodging or payment with or without boarding facilities.
66. Integrated Residential Schools: A premises having educational and playing facilities
for students up to XII standard and also having boarding facilities for students and
faculty members.
67. Industrial Building means a building wholly or partly used as a factory, for the
manufacture of products of all kinds and related activities (including fabrication and
assembly, power plant, refinery, gas plant distillery, brewery, dairy, factory, workshop
etc.)
68. IT Infrastructure companies means the real estate Infrastructure developer or a
builder, registered under Indian Companies Act, 1956, having core competency in
constructing IT office space for sale or for lease cum sale to IT Industry for the purpose
of IT activities by the IT industry.
69. IT/ITES Park is defined as exclusively delineated or earmarked site/area of 2000 sq m
land and above managed and developed/ to be developed with IT office space and
other amenities and made available on lease basis for IT industry, to provide plug and
play facilities as per the stipulations contained herein.
70. IT/ ITES Campus is defined as IT office space and other amenities developed by an
IT Company on its own land and for its own use.

71. IT/ITES Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is notified by government of India as IT/ITES
SEZ developed in an area of 25 acres and above to be developed by a developer or codeveloper, according to the provisions of The SEZ Act, 2005.
72. Junk Yard means premises for covered semi covered or open storage including sale
and purchase of waste goods, commodities and materials.
Sky Group
P a g e | 193
73. Kalyana Mantapa means premises where marriages, social and religious functions
are conducted with cooking facilities.

74. Land Use includes the purpose to which the site or part of the site or the building or
part of the building is in use or permitted to be used by the Authority on any specified
date. Land use includes zoning of land use as stipulated in the Master Plan and the
Zonal regulations.
75. Layout means any subdivision of land with the formation of a new road or an access
road. It may consist of single or multiple sites.

76. Layout Plan means sub division of plot (residential or non residential) with proposed
road network and provision for Parks and Civic Amenities.

77. License means an authorization or permission in writing by the ULB to carry out any
building construction.
78. Lodging is a premises used for lodging on payment.
79. Loft means a residual space above normal floor level which may be constructed or
adopted for storage purposes.

80. Lift means an appliance designed to transport persons or materials between two or
more levels in a vertical direction by means of a guided car platform.

81. Master Plan means Master Plan, 2031 prepared for the Local Planning Area of
Kanakapura approved by the Government under the Karnataka Town and Country
Planning Act, 1961.
82. Mezzanine Floor means an intermediate floor between Ground floor and First floor
only, with area of mezzanine floor restricted to 1/3 of the area of that floor and with a
minimum height of 2.20m. Mezzanine floor is permitted on commercial uses only. Such
Mezzanine floor shall be accessible only from the Ground floor.
83. Multilevel Car Parking (MLCP) means multilevel R.C.C. structure used for vehicle
parking connected to all floors by means of ramps or ramps with mechanical elevators.
MLCP can be an independent structure or part of a building with other land uses.
Sky Group
P a g e | 194
84. Multiplex means, a building housing an entertainment and cultural centre including
cinema theatres, restaurants, food courts, shops etc.

85. Nursing Home means, a premises having medical facility for in-patient and out-patient
patients, providing up to 30 beds.

86. Open Space means an area forming an integral part of the plot, left open to sky in a
building.
87. Parapet means a low wall or railing built along the edge of a roof or balcony.
88. Parking Space means an area enclosed or unenclosed, covered or open sufficient in
size to park vehicles together with a drive-way connecting the parking space with a
street or any public area and permitting the ingress and egress of the vehicles.
89. Park: An area used for leisure, recreational activities, it may have related landscaping,
public toilet and fence.

90. Playground: An area used for outdoor games, it may have on it landscaping, parking
facilities and public toilet.

91. Penthouse means a covered space not exceeding 10 sq m on the roof of a building,
which shall have at least one side completely open.

92. Plinth means the portion of a structure between the surface of the surrounding ground
and surface of the floor immediately above the ground.

93. Plinth Area means the built up covered area of the building.
94. Plinth Level means the level of the floor of a building immediately above the
surrounding ground.
95. Plot or Site: A parcel of land enclosed by definite boundaries and held in one
ownership.
96. Porch or Portico means a roof cover supported on pillars or cantilevered projection
for the purpose of pedestrian or vehicular approach to a building.

97. Public and Semi-Public Building means a building used or intended to be used
either ordinarily or occasionally by the public and owned by State or Central

Government or Quasi Government or Local Authorities such as offices, religious
Sky Group
P a g e | 195
institutions (a church, temple, chapel, mosque or any place of public worship),

educational institutions (college, school), health institutions, library, cultural and
recreational institutions/theatres of non commercial nature, public concert room, public
hall, hospital run by public institutions, public exhibition hall, lecture room or any other
place of public assembly, Dharmashala.
98. Pump Room means a room provided below ground level adjacent to sump tank to
house various types of pumps with self priming mechanism however the entrance shaft
of the pump room of a maximum of 2Mx2M may be permitted above the ground level.
99. Recreational Club is a premises used for assembly of a group of persons for social
and recreational purposes with all related facilities.

100. Repair Shop is a premises similar to retail shop for carrying out repair of house hold
goods, electronic gadgets, automobiles, cycles etc.,
101.Residential Building means a building used or constructed or adopted to be used
wholly for human habitation and includes garden, ground, garages, stables, and other
out-houses if any, necessary for the normal use of the building as a residence.
102. Restaurant is a premise used for serving food items on commercial basis including
cooking facilities, with covered or open space or both having seating facilities.
103.Retail Shop is a premise for sale of commodities directly to the Consumer with
necessary storage.
104. Right of way (ROW) is the width of land acquired for the Road, along its alignment.
It should be adequate to accommodate all the cross sectional elements of the
highway
and
may
reasonably
provide
for
future development. To prevent
development along highways, control lines and building lines shall be provided. Control
line is a line which represents the nearest limits of future uncontrolled building activity in
relation to a road. Building line represents a line on either side of the road; between
which and the road no building activity is permitted at all.
100. Road Level is the level of the road at the access to the property or in the event of
more than one entrance to the property the road level considered shall be at the centre
of the property frontage. The level of the road shall be taken at the centre of the carriage
way.
101. Road Width means the distance between the boundaries of a road including footways
and drains measured at right angles to the centre of the plot.

Note: In case of sites at T junction or at the intersection of multiple roads, the width of the
road parallel to the site shall be considered.
107. Room Height means the vertical distance measured between the finished floor
surface and the finished ceiling surface where a finished ceiling is not provided, the
Sky Group
P a g e | 196
underside of the joist or beams or tie beams shall determine the upper point of
measurement. The minimum height of the room shall be 2.75 m.
108. Row Housing means more than one residential buildings in a row attached to each
other with only front, rear and interior open spaces.
109. Semi-detached Building means a building detached on three sides with open
spaces as specified in these regulations.
110. Service Apartment means fully furnished room or suite or rooms with kitchen, which
is intended to be used on rental basis.
111. Service Road means a road / lane provided adjacent to a plots(s) for access or
service purposes as the case may be.
112. Services means activities incidental to the land use of the building such as electrical
sub-station, electrical panel room, generators, HVAC (Heating, Ventilation & Air
conditioning) facilities, plumbing and sanitary facilities, STP, refrigeration and cold
storage, fire fighting facilities, building management systems, car park management
facilities and similar such activities.
113. Service Industry means an industry where services are offered with or without
power. If power is used, aggregate installed capacity shall not exceed 5 HP. The site
area shall not exceed 240 sq m.
Service industries shall be permitted in the
residential and commercial zone under special circumstances and in the light
industries zone of the Master Plan as given in Schedule I.
114. Set back means the open space prescribed under these Zonal
Regulations
between the plot boundary and the plinth of the building.

115. Stilt Floor means a floor consisting of columns, used only for vehicle parking It
may also be open parking area provided at ground level and not be covered by
enclosures and shutters. The height of the stilt floor shall be a minimum of 2.4m and
shall not exceed 3.0m. The height shall be considered for calculating the total height
of the building. In case of mechanical or multi level parking the maximum height shall
be 3.6 m.
116. Storey means the space between the surface of one floor and the surface of the
other floor vertically above or below.
117. Staircase Room means a room accommodating the stairs and for purpose of
providing protection from weather and not used for human habitation.
118. Town Municipality means the Town Municipal Council of Kanakapura established
under the Karnataka Municipality Act.
119. Villa An independent house/dwelling on a given plot.
Sky Group
P a g e | 197
120. Wholesale An area where goods and commodities are sold or, delivered to retailers,
the premises include storage/ go down, loading and unloading facilities.
121. Zonal Regulations mean the Regulations governing land use made under the
Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961.
Note: 1. The words and expressions not defined in these regulations shall have the same
meaning as in the Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961 and Rules, the
Building Bye Laws of Bangalore Mahanagara Palike and National Building Code of India
2005.
2. All permissions accorded by Kanakapura Planning Authority or BMRDA or Government

prior to coming into force of these Zonal Regulations shall be treated as conforming uses
irrespective of the classification made in the Master Plan 2031. This is to be allowed on a
case by case basis only.
3. Any other unforeseen situations that arise during implementation of this Zonal
Regulations for which provisions are not found in this, the Authority may take decision in
consultation with the BMRDA or Director of Town & Country Planning.
4. The Authority till the framing of its own Building Byelaws under Section 75 of the KTCP
Act 1961 shall adopt the relevant portions of the Building Byelaws of the Bangalore
Mahanagara Palike not covered under these Regulations in respect of size of drawings,
qualifications of persons drawing the plans, size of habitable rooms, ventilation, facilities
for physically handicapped persons, fire safety requirements, staircase details, etc. in a
building
5. Safety measures against earthquake in building construction:

Buildings shall be designed and constructed adopting the norms prescribed in the
National Building Code and in the criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures
bearing No. IS 1893-2002 published by the Bureau of Indian Standards, making the
buildings resistant to earthquake.
Sky Group
P a g e | 198
12.2 ZONING OF LAND USE

For the purpose of these regulations, the planning area of the town is divided into following
use zones.
1. Residential
2. Commercial
3. Industrial
4. Public and Semi-Public
5. Public Utilities
6. Open Spaces, Parks, Playgrounds, Buffer along River and Burial Ground
7. Transport and Communication
8. Agricultural Use
9. Areas of special control
NOTE:
i.
Uses permissible under special circumstances by the Authority in different

zones provided that:a) All changes are in public interest;
b) The proposal for all such changes are displayed in the notice board of the
Planning Authority, inviting objections from the public within a period of not
less than fifteen days from the date of display as may be specified by the
Planning Authority.
ii.
Roads are permitted in all the zones.
iii.
Prior to giving permission for religious use and school or college buildings in
different zones either under uses permissible or under special circumstances by
the Authority, instructions given in Government Circular No. Na A E 237 Be Ma
Praa 2009 dated 19-09-2009 is to be followed.
iv.
Uses permitted in all the above category of zones are subject to space standards
as given in Table-1.
Sky Group
P a g e | 199
v.
Space standards for various buildings/ uses in different zones are strictly adhered
to while giving permission for change of land use / alienation as prescribed in
Table 1.
Uses of land that are permitted and those that may be permitted under special
circumstances by the Kanakapura Planning Authority in different zones of the local planning
area shall be as follows:
12.2.1 RESIDENTIAL ZONE:

a. Uses permitted:
Dwellings units/tenements, plotted residential developments, villas, semi

detached houses apartments, multi dwelling housing, service apartments, group
housing, hostels including working women and gents hostels, old age homes,
Dharmashala, orphanages, places of public worship, schools offering higher primary
school courses, kinder garden/kids play area,Daycare, crche (with a minimum site
area of 500 sq. m for nursery schools and 1000 sq. m for lower primary schools) public
libraries, post and telegraph offices, telephone exchange, Karnataka Power
Transmission Corporation Limited Counters, milk booths, HOPCOM centres, STD
booths, mobile phone service repairs, computer institutes.
b. Uses that are permitted under special circumstances by the Authority:
Municipal, state and central government offices, public utility buildings,

cemeteries, golf clubs, banks, nursing homes, higher primary schools with minimum
site area of 2000 sq m, hospitals, (with a minimum site area of 750 sq. m and the site is
abutting a road of minimum 12 m width), philanthropic uses, fuel storage depots, filling
stations, service industries with noc from KSPCB(for all the above industries and those
as per the list given in Schedule-I, power required for air conditioning, lifts and
computers are excluded from HP specified above), power loom for silk twisting
provided the noise generated shall be within the limit prescribed by the Ministry of
Environment and Forest, Government of India / gas cylinder storage provided it
satisfies all required norms of safety, neighbourhood or convenience shops limited to
20 sq. m., internet caf centres, doctors consulting, Room, not exceeding 20.00 sq m.
Sky Group
P a g e | 200
pay & use toilets and service apartments, vehicle parking including multilevel car
parking.
Note:
a) Diesel generators equivalent to the quantity of power supplied by the Karnataka Power
Transmission Corporation Limited (KPTCL) may be permitted as substitute to power
cut and power failures in any zone after obtaining information on the quantity of power
supplied to a premises and the capacity of generator required from KPTCL. However,
in residential zone installation of diesel generators be discouraged and shall be given
in exceptional cases after spot verification and obtaining No Objection Certificate from
the KSPCB.
b) Where service apartments are permitted, fee under section 18 of KTCP Act, 1961 for
commercial use shall be levied.
12.2.2 COMMERCIAL ZONE:

a. Uses permitted:
All uses that are permitted in residential zone ,traffic & transportation and public/semi
public zones subjected to statutary NOC S like FIRE,KSPCB 7 etc, petty shops/ retail
shops & hardware shops, job typing / computer training institutes, cyber caf, and
internet browsing, departmental stores, grocery/ HOPCOMS, vegetable shops,
newspaper, stationery and milk booth, commercial and corporate offices / clinics
belonging to professional services like advocates and doctors, architects and selfowned, shopping/ commercial complexes and service establishments like hair dressing
saloons, massage centers, laundries, dry cleaning and tailoring shops, restaurants and
hotels, eateries such as darshinis, tea stalls, and take aways, bakery and sweet stalls ,
mutton and poultry stalls, cold storages, clubs, hostels, newspaper or job printing, all
types of offices, STD/FAX/internet center/ ATM centers/ banks, insurance and consulting
and business offices, places of amusement or assembly, microwave towers and stations,
advertising signs conforming to relevant building byelaws, photo studio, church, temple
and other places of worship and assembly, educational, medical/engineering/ technical
and research institutions,(on the sites having minimum 2 ha with a minimum of 12m wide
approach road), financial institutions, education coaching centers, nursing homes and
speciality hospitals, pathological labs, hostels, libraries, any retail business or services
Sky Group
P a g e | 201
not specifically restricted or prohibited therein, filling stations (Fuel stations and pumps,
LPG storage, gas retail outlets), neighborhood shops, nursing homes, service industries
listed in Schedule I (power up to 10HP). Uses for small repair centers (electronic,
mechanical, automobile), vulcanizing shops, printing press, residential buildings
including orphanages and old age homes, gyms, clinics and yoga center, warehouses,
storage areas for goods and kalyana mantapas, cinema theatres, multiplexes,
auditoriums, community centers, recreational /social clubs and amenities, exhibitions
centers, entertainment and amusement centers, convention centers and banquet halls,
hard and software computer offices and information technology related activities (Power
required for air conditioners, lifts and computers are excluded from the HP specified
above), flour mill up to 10 HP
b. Uses that are permitted under special circumstances by the Authority:
Automobile workshop, manufacturing establishments employing not more than ten

workers and uses permitted or permissible on appeal in the residential zone other than
those specifically prohibited therein. Heavy goods markets, storage of inflammable
materials, sale of second hand junk goods, junk yards & agro mandis junkyard, truck
terminals, weigh bridges, cold storage, fruit and vegetable markets,
meat and fish
markets, wholesale business, trading & warehouses, flour mill up to 20 HP
Note:
I
Commercial complexes / office complexes/ neighborhood shops should have

sufficient provision for toilet for visitors in each floor and should be shown on
plan. It shall have waste disposal arrangements.
12.2.3 INDUSTRIAL ZONE:

a.
Uses that are permissible:
All uses that are permissible under special circumstances in Residential and Commercial
zone & traffic & transportation use, all industries like IT and BT industries, microwave
towers, power plants, filling stations, parking lot (including multi-level), bus and truck
terminals, loading and unloading facilities, warehouses, public utilities like garbage and
sewage disposal, municipal and Government offices, dwellings for manager, watch and
ward staff in an area not exceeding 1000 sq m or 10% of the total area, whichever is
Sky Group
P a g e | 202
lower, canteen and recreation facilities, kalyana mantapa, office, shops, clubs, job
printing, banks, restaurants, dispensary and automobile service stations.
All uses as per the categorization of light industries, medium industries and heavy
industries defined by Department of Industries and Commerce (schedule I) except
Obnoxious and hazardous industries. There is no power limitation for industries to be
permitted in this zone.
b. Uses that are permissible under special circumstances by the Authority:
Obnoxious and hazardous industries are subject to clearance from the State Pollution
Control Board, junk yards, dairy and poultry farms, slaughter house and meat processing
unit, ice and freezing plants with power, sports and recreation uses, resorts and
amusement parks.
Note:
i.
To encourage work-home relationship, 40 % of the available land area for development

of residential use for providing quarters to the employees of that particular industry,
subject to clearance from the KSPCB in an area of 10 hectares and above.
ii. Wherever IT and BT industries are permitted in area of 5 hectares and above, 30% of
the area may be allowed for residential apartment for the convenience of the employees
subject to clearance from the KSPCB
iii. Residential regulations shall be followed for approval of residential development within
the premises of industrial/ I.T. and B.T. area.
Schedule I
1. Illustrative list of household and service industries permitted in Residential and
Commercial Zone:
Sl.
Description
No.
1.
Bread and bakeries
2.
Confectionary, candies and sweets
3.
Biscuit Making
4.
Ice, ice-Cream
5.
Cold Storage (small scale)
6.
Aerated water and fruit beverages
Sky Group
P a g e | 203
7.
Huller and flour Mills
8.
Automobile, scooter and cycle service and repair workshop
9.
Furniture (Wooden and Steel)
10.
Printing, book binding, embossing, etc.
11.
Laundry, dry Cleaning and dyeing facilities
12.
General jobbing and machine shops
13.
Household utensil repairs, welding, soldering, patching and polishing.
14.
Photography, printing (including sign board printing)
15.
Vulcanizing
16.
Tailoring
17.
Hand looms
18.
Velvet embroidery shops
19.
Art weavers and silk sarees, printing and batik works
20.
Jewellery, gold ornaments and silver wares
21.
Mirror and photo frames
22.
Umbrella assembly
23.
Bamboo and cane products
24.
Sport goods and repair shops
25.
Musical instrument repair shops
26.
Optical lens grinding, watch, pen repairs
27.
Radio and T.V. repair shops
28.
Electric lamp fittings
29.
Shoe making and repairs
30.
Audio / Video libraries
31.
STD / ISD counters
32.
R&D Labs, test centres, IT, BT, BPO activities
33.
Rubber stamps
34.
Card board box and paper products including paper (manual only)
35.
Cotton and silk printing/ screen printing
36.
Webbing (narrow, fabrics, embroidery, lace manufacturing)
37
Ivory, wood carving and small stone carving
38
Coffee curing units
39
Candles and wax products
40
Household kitchen appliances
41
Washing soaps small scale only
Sky Group
P a g e | 204
42
Fruit canning and preservation
43
Electric lamp fitting / Assembly of bakelite switches, shoe making, repairing
44
Power looms (silk reeling unit up to 10 HP)
45
Areca nut processing unit
46
Beedi rolling
47
Agarbathi rolling
48
Assembly and repair of measuring instruments(excluding handling of mercury and

hazardous materials)
49
Clay & modelling with plaster of paris.
50
Diary products Example: cream, ghee, paneer, etc.
51
Enamelling vitreous (without use of coal)
52
Milk cream separation
53
Manufacture of jute products
54
Manufacture of bindi
55
Photo copying of drawings including enlargement of drawings and designs
56
Packaging of shampoos
57
Packaging of hair oil
58
Utensil washing powder (only mixing and packaging)
2.
Illustrative list of Light Industries:
Sl.
Description
No.
1.
Bread and bakeries
2.
Confectionery, candies and sweets
3.
Biscuit making
4.
Ice, ice cream
5.
Cold storage (small scale)
6.
Aerated water and fruit beverages
7.
Flour mills with power up to 20HP
8.
Hats, caps, turbans including garments
9.
Hosiery including knitted garments
10.
Gold and silver thread
11.
Shoe lace making
Sky Group
P a g e | 205
12.
Toy making (earthen, paper, wooden, plastic metal and tin)
13.
Cotton and silk cordages, twine thread and thread ball making
14.
Velvet embroidered shoes
15.
Art wares and silk screen printing and batik works
16.
Jewellery, gold ornaments and silver wares
17.
Wood and stone carving
18.
Electroplating, mica plating, engraving
19.
Photographs, printing (including sign board and printing)
20.
Stone carving
21.
Mirrors and photo frames
22.
Umbrella assembly
23.
Bamboo and cane products
24.
Sports goods
25.
Card board box and paper products including paper
26.
Stationery items including educational and school drawing instruments
27.
Furniture making (wooden and steel)
28.
Musical instruments
29.
Printing, book binding, embossing, photograph, etc.
30.
Optical lens grinding, watch and pen repairing
31.
Steel wire products
32.
Sheet metal works
33.
Metal polishing
34.
Laboratory porcelene wares
35.
Radio assembly and parts TV, mobile phones, air conditioner, fridge assembly parts
(small scale)
36.
Electric lamps, fittings, shades, fixtures, etc.
37.
Automobiles, scooters, cycle service and repair workshop
38.
Laundry and dry cleaners
39.
General jobbing machine
40.
Iron foundries (only when related to other industries using electricity)
41.
Brushes (household, sanitary and toilet)
42.
Shoe making and repairing
43.
Leather goods
44.
Black smithy
45.
Household utensils, repair, welding, soldering, patching, and polish (kalai)
Sky Group
P a g e | 206
46.
Vulcanising and tyre re-treading
47.
Cement products
48.
Chalk, crayon, artists colour
49.
Tobacco products (cigarettes and beedies)
50.
Cosmetics and hair oils
51.
Cutlery
52.
Cycle parts and accessories
53.
Door and window fittings
54.
Drugs and medicines
55.
Lantern, torches and flash lights
56.
Aluminium wires, cake and pastry moulds.
57.
Padlocks and pressed locks
58.
Rope making (vegetable fibre)
59.
Mathematical instruments
60.
Builders hard wares
61.
Tin products
62.
Optical frames
63.
Button clips
64.
Wax polishing
65.
Upholstery springs and other springs
66.
Precision instrument of all kinds
67.
Safety pins
68.
Screws, bolts, nuts, pulleys, chains, gears
69.
Conduit pipes fabrication (not exceeding 2" diameter)
70.
Buckets and metal containers, plastic jugs and fixtures metal embossing.
71.
Oil stoves and pressure lamps
72.
Paper mill (small scale) hand made
73.
Washing soaps
74.
Hand tools
75.
Electric industries, computer and software
76.
Ice and freezing plants
77.
Information Technology & Bio Technology
Sky Group
P a g e | 207
3. Illustrative list of Medium Industries:
Sl.
Description
No.
1.
Small domestic appliances and gadgets (room heaters, coolers, hot plates,
iron lamps, etc.)
2.
Manufacturing of trunks and metal boxes, suit cases, small containers
3.
Scientific, educational and industrial precision instruments.
4.
Clocks and watches, photographic equipments
5.
Typewriters, Radios, TVs, air conditioner, fridges, STD/mobile sets.
6.
Electrical instruments (including transistors)
7.
Calculating machines (small machines only)
8.
Copper wire and utensils
9.
Sewing machines
10.
Sanitary fittings (excluding sanitary wares)
11.
Electrical appliances (room heaters, iron and room air coolers, small transformers,
electric fans, fractional HP motors, cooking ranges, water heaters, etc.) computers and
electric goods.
12.
Electrical fans and industries permitted in light industrial zone.
4. Illustrative list of Heavy Industries:
Sl.
Description
No.
1.
Hazardous and heavy manufacturing industries
2.
All types of heavy industries
12.2.4 PUBLIC AND SEMI-PUBLIC USES

a) Uses permitted:
All Central, State and Quasi Government offices/ owned complexes, and centres and
institutional office, educational, college campus including hostel facilities for students,
integrated residential schools/colleges, higher educational Institutions, colleges, cultural
Sky Group
P a g e | 208
and religious institutions including libraries, reading rooms and clubs, medical and health
institutions, cultural institutions like community halls, opera houses, clubs, auditoriums,
cultural complexes predominantly non commercial in nature, exclusive places of
worship/congregation, public toilets, nursery creches, civic amenities and large
infrastructure facilities of health, education, sports, cultural and social institutions, utilities
and services, offices/ sub offices of utilities, water supply installations including disposal
works, electric power plants, high tension and low tension transmission lines, sub
stations, gas installation and gas works, fire fighting stations, spastic rehabilitation
centers,
orphanages,
Govt.
dispensaries,
police
stations,
post
offices,
telecommunication/microwave tower, filling stations, fire stations, broadcasting &

transmission stations, banks, and quarters for essential staff and all uses permitted
under parks and playgrounds, traffic and transport related facilities, Public Transport
terminals and interchanges public distribution system shops, bill collection centers, dobhi
ghat, dharma shala and research institutions.
Note:
Retail shops, restaurants, filling stations, clubs, banks, canteens, dwellings required for
power maintenance and functioning of public and semi-public uses in the zone may be
permitted when they are run on non-commercial basis in their own premises and
ancillary to the respective institutions.
b) Uses that are permitted under special circumstances by the Authority:
Parking lot, repair shops, parks, play grounds, maidens and stadiums (no area limit) and
recreational uses, stadium, cemeteries, crematorium, clubs, canteen, libraries, aquarium,
planetarium, museum, horticultural nursery and swimming pool, orphanages and old age
homes, airport related ancillary uses
Note:-
i.
In case any private property is included within the boundary of any existing Public
and Semi Public building and if the owner can establish the ownership of such
property vests with him/her, then the land use adjoining the Public & Semi Public
building may be assigned to such private property by the Authority.
Sky Group
P a g e | 209
12.2.5 PUBLIC UTILITIES

a) Uses permitted:
Public utilities include energy, water, telecommunication sub stations/ service
stations/supply and pumping stations, high and low tension transmission lines and power
stations/ sub-stations, electric power plants, installations, storage reservoirs OHT,
treatment plants, storage and dumping yards, gas and gas lines, gas installations and
gas works, electric towers, transformers and microwave towers, telecom towers and
drainage and sanitary installations including solid waste management facilities such as
land fill sites, garbage dumping yard, treatment plants and disposal works, drying beds,
micro-wave towers, fire stations, milk dairies, wind mills.
b)
Uses that are permitted under special circumstances by the Authority:
Shops, canteens, offices, banking counter, dwellings required for proper maintenance
and functioning of public utility and other ancillary users, in their own premises as an
ancillary to the respective institutions not exceeding 5% of the total area.
Note:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
The buffer created for accommodating the utilities such as power, water, pipeline,
oil pipelines and high voltage lines, gas lines and any other utilities. Each buffer
is dictated by technical standards specified by the competent Authority.
The regulations for the above will be decided by the Authority.
In case of new developments, these shall remain as non buildable areas and
remain as reservations and marked for the purpose intended.
For electrical networks, KPTCL standards are followed.
12.2.6 PARKS, PLAYGROUNDS AND OPEN SPACES

a) Uses permitted:
Parks, play grounds, stadia, NMT infrastructural facilities, sports complexes, childrens
play land inclusive of amusement parks such as disney land type, toy trains, parkways,
boulevards, cemeteries and crematoria, burial grounds, public toilets, parking, sewage
treatment plants, water storage, sewage treatment plants, public use ancillary to park
and open space and open space, parking and playground. The area of such ancillary
use shall not exceed 5% of total area.
Sky Group
P a g e | 210

Clubs (non-commercial nature and run by residents association), canteens, libraries,
aquarium, planetarium, museum, bala bhavan, art gallery, open air theaters, water sports
and amusement theme parks, recreational clubs (Non-commercial nature), public
libraries, horticulture/nursery, transportation terminals and swimming pool, milk booths,
HOPCOMS centres and Uses ancillary to the above such as canteens, may be permitted
not exceeding 5% of total area limited to ground plus one floor only.
12.2.7 TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION

a) Uses permitted:
Railway lines, railway yards, railway stations, railway workshops, airport roads, road
transport depot, storage depots, bus stations, bus stands and bus shelter, bus bays,
auto stand, parking areas, multi level car parking information, kiosk Integrated, bus
terminals, TTMC & metro stations, truck terminals, MRTS terminals, workshop and
garages for two wheelers/ LMV/ HMV and filling stations, service stations, airports and
helipad, post offices, telegraph offices, telephones and telephone exchanges, television
telecasting and radio broadcasting stations, Transport offices, microwave stations and
offices in their own premises and residential quarters for watch and ward, filling
stations, loading and unloading platforms (with/without cold storage facility), weigh
bridges, cargo terminals and transfer of cargo between different types of transport (rail,
road, air), Automobile spares and services. Automobile spares and services. transport
depot, storage depots, bus stations, bus stands and bus shelter, commercial, office
use shall be permitted & encouraged in all transport hubs & interchanges like TTMC &
IMTH etc. Provided that the biuilt up area for such use does not exceed 25% of
developable
area.
Traffic
and
Transportation
Management
Centres,
Transit
Interchange terminals/ Transit Terminals up to 50 % of the permissible developable

area.
Hotels, motels, clubs, go downs, special warehousing and indoor recreational uses,
shops, canteens, restaurants, banks, dwellings required for proper maintenance of the
transport and communication services in their own premises as an ancillary to the
respective institutions not exceeding 25% of the total developable area.
Sky Group
P a g e | 211
Note
1. Regulations for transit oriented development:
1. In case of development for any use abutting road with ROW/Road width of 60 m
and above additional FAR of 0.5 over and above the FAR provided against the
said use shall be allowed within the 150 m radius of any transit hub/ major
interchanges (railway station, B.R.T. and metro) in Zonal Regulations of
Kanakapura Master plan, on payment of fee at twice the applicable prescribed
rates of Betterment levy subject to statutory clearances viz. fire, Airport etc
2. In case of development around Railway station/Metro Station/any other
Mass Rapid Transport System:
Station in the radius of 150 m from the boundary of the same an additional FAR of
0.5 over and above FAR provided against the said use in Zonal Regulations of
Kanakapura Master Plan, on Payment of fee at twice the applicable prescribed rates
of betterment levy subject to statutory clearances e.g. Airport, Fire safety, Pollution
control etc.,
3. Minimum Foot path width shall be 2.0m to 3.0m based on the Road width as
indicated in road cross sections ( refer Annexure ).
4. As far as possible the traffic and transportation use should be located as per the
envisaged activity. It is desirable to have truck terminal/ freight complex/ logistics
hub next to or alongside the industrial use. Similarly the public mass transit is
meant to take on maximum number of repeat trips hence major terminals of
passenger transit should be located at high density work place and high density
residential areas.
To encourage multimodal transit integration, it is desirable to have the terminals located
wherever more than one mode like rail and road are present and they can be integrated.
The bus terminal is being redeveloped to accommodate the metro station and intra city
bus terminal as well as few inter-city bus terminal, there by ensuring seamless physical
multimodal integration.
12.2.8 AGRICULTURAL ZONE

a) Uses Permitted:
Agriculture and horticulture, childrens play land inclusive of amusement parks, such as
disney land type, eco-tourism activities, toy trains, dairy and poultry farming, pisciculture,
Piggeries farms, livestock rearing milk chilling centers, cold storage, farm houses and
Sky Group
P a g e | 212
their accessory building and uses not exceeding 200 sq. m. of plinth area for the farmers
own use within the limitation of minimum plot area of 1.20 hectares. Not exceeding 250
sq m of plinth area within the plot area limitation of 1.2 ha limited to G+ 1 floor. Uses
specifically shown as stated in the land use plan like urban village, brick kilns, rice mills,
sugar mills, jaggery mills, gardens, orchards, nurseries and other stable crops, grazing
pastures, forest lands, marshy land, barren land and water sheet, highway amenities
viz., filling stations, weigh bridges and check posts.
Agro processing units (as defined by C & I Dept.), Urban amenities such as burial
grounds, sports grounds, clubs/ sports clubs, stadiums, playgrounds, parks and garden
land, water sports, golf centers, race course, race / driving testing tracks, cultural
buildings, places of worship, air terminal and helipads, educational and health
institutions,
hospitals,
libraries,
exhibition
centers,
park
and
open
spaces,
graveyards/burial grounds, rehabilitated schemes of government, institutions relating to

agriculture, research centres, LPG bottling plant (min. 500 m away from human
habitation), ware house, storage and sale of farm products locally produced, provided
the Ground Coverage does not exceed 15 % and subject to a maximum of Ground+ First
floor only. Service and repairs of farm machinery and agricultural supplies, old age and
orphanage homes, Public utilities such as solid waste landfills, water treatment plants,
power plants, fuel stations and other highway amenities such as weigh bridges, check
posts and toll gates having access to major roads, truck terminals, quarrying and
removal of clay and stone up to 3.0 m. depth and crushing, wind mills, solar energy
stations, residential developments within the area reserved for natural expansion of
villages and buildings in such areas should not exceed two floors (Ground + one).
Note:
i.
Coverage:
15 % of the site area of the land may be used for educational and health
purposes and a building height of G+1 floor only shall be permitted.

ii.
For all uses permitted under this zone, regulations for rural development are to be followed.
12.2.8A Regulations for Rural Development
Within 150 m radius from the existing gramathana (as defined in the note below), for those
Sky Group
P a g e | 213
villages having a population up to 1000 as per 2011 census, and for every additional 1000
population additional 50 m for uses permitted under residential and agricultural zone may be
permitted with the following conditions.
1) FAR: 1.0
2) Maximum no of floors: G+1
3) Setbacks and coverage for the respective uses: As per Table no 8
NOTE:
Gramathana: means old village settlement as earmarked in the revenue survey map
(village map). Any addition already made to the gramathana in any form shall not be
considered while measuring the distance between land in question and gramathana.
12.2.9
AREAS OF SPECIAL CONTROL
12.2.9A
Solid Waste Management (SWM) Area/ site
For efficient and scientific management and disposal of solid waste generated within Bruhat
Bangalore Mahanagara Palike limits, certain areas lying within Kanakapura Local Planning Area
have been identified. Following regulations are laid out in order to restrict development around
these areas as per Government Order No. Na A E 325 MNU 2007 dated 06-10-2007:
a.
Area within a distance of 50 m from the premises of the SWM area/ site is
declared as Buffer Zone and No development or construction is permitted in this
zone. However set back and tree plantation may be allowed in this zone.
b.
Area within a distance of 200 m from the premises of the SWM area/ site is
declared as Sensitive Zone and developments or construction may be permitted
without affecting solid waste management area / site.
c.
If approval of layout in the Sensitive Zone is sought then existence of SWM

area/ site/ unit for 48 years is to be written in the layout plan while approving the
layout and when sale of sites in such a layout is done then the same is to be
written in the sale deed also for the knowledge of applicant/ owner / purchaser of
the land/ site.
d.
Permissions in the sensitive zone will be as per the land use specified in Master
Plan. The Authority may impose certain conditions (about the existence of the
site etc.,) that may protect the Solid waste management site and sensitive zone
Sky Group
P a g e | 214
12.2.9B
Archeological/ Historical Monuments and Precincts
The historical monuments in any city reflect the past glory of the city. As they attract
tourists both from inside and outside the country. While permitting developments around
historical monuments, care has to be taken to see that their aesthetic environs are not affected.
In order to preserve aesthetic environs around these monuments it is necessary to declare the
areas surrounding these monuments as zones of special control and impose the special
regulations around these monuments.
The Archeological Survey of India has not yet declared any of the monuments in the
Kanakapura town and the State Archeological Department has also not identified any of the
monuments in the Kanakapura town.
If the Planning Authority observes any Heritage structures, precincts of historic and/or aesthetic
and/or Architectural and/or cultural or environmental significance and natural features and sites
of scenic beauty, then Authority may demarcate special Development control areas for
regulation of development around these areas, to preserve the importance of the concerned
heritage structure and also to control the surrounding developments so that they do not mar the
grandeur or beauty or view of the heritage structure for the purposes of implementation.
A special Heritage committee may be constituted with the prior approval of the Government to
examine the proposals of development or any matter related to development, in the various
regulation areas, if received by the Authority, under the provisions of special Regulations and to
make recommendations to this Authority for consideration.
a)
Building up to and inclusive of first floor or up to a height of 7 m from ground level,

whichever is less, is permissible within a distance of 100 m distance from the premises
of the monuments.
b)
Buildings up to and inclusive of second floor or up to a height of 10.5 m from ground

level, whichever is less are only permissible between 100 m and 200 m distance from
the premises of the monuments.
c)
Building up to and inclusive of third floor or up to a height of 14 m from ground level,

whichever is less are only permissible between 200 m and 400 m distance from the
premises of the monuments.
Sky Group
P a g e | 215
d)
In any case no building shall be permitted within 400 m above the height of the declared
monument.
Note:
i.
No permission for any development around notified historical monument, shall be

accorded unless concurrence/ No Objection Certificate is received from the competent
authority i.e. Archaeological Survey of India, State Archaeology Department.
ii.
Any subsequent amendments to the Archaeology Act concerned regarding prohibited

area such amendments shall mutatis mutandis apply to these regulations.
iii.
In case of change of land use from the approved Master Plan to other use, the setbacks
shall be the higher of the two uses.
Table- 1
Space Standards for various Buildings /Uses
Sl.
Buildings / Uses
No
1
Conference halls, Community halls &
Min. road
Min. size of
width in m
plot in Sq m
12.0
500
Social clubs
2
Cold storage
12.0
1000
Indoor games
15.0
2000
Hotels / lodges
12.0
500
Kalyana Mantapas
12.0
1000
LPG storage & Fuel Filling stations
15.0
500
Nursing homes/polyclinics
12.0
500
Service Apartments
12.0
500
Nursery School
12.0
10
Lower Primary schools
12.0
11
Higher Primary schools
12.0
12
High schools with play ground,
12.0
13
Integrated Residential Schools
15.0
14
Colleges
15.0
15
Star hotels (up to 3 star)
15.0
Sky Group
As prescribed by the
competent Authority
As prescribed by
P a g e | 216
16
Star hotels (above 3 star)
18.0
the competent
17
Convention centres
15.0
Authority
18
Cinema, Multiplex, Convention Center
18.0
2000
19
R&D Lab
12.0
1500
NOTE:
1.
A buffer of 45 m is assumed all along the flow of the river on both banks, which shall be
treated as no development zone.

2.
In case of change of land use from the approved Master Plan to other use, the setbacks
shall be the higher of the two uses.
Sky Group
P a g e | 217
12.3 ZONING REGULATIONS: REGULATIONS FOR DIFFERENT USES OF BUILDINGS

The minimum set back required on all the sides of a building, maximum FAR, maximum height of building that are permissible for different
dimensions of sites and width of roads are set out for residential, commercial, public and semi-public, traffic and transportation, public utility
buildings up to 10.0 m in height in Table -2 and 3 given below:
Table 2
Exterior open spaces / setbacks in percentage (minimum) for residential, commercial, public and
semi-public, traffic and
transportation, public utility buildings up to 10.0 m in height.
Depth of
site in M.
1.
Up to 6
Over 6
Up to 9
Over 9
Up to 12
Over 12
Up to 18
Over 18
Up to 24
Over 24
Sky Group
Residential
Minimum in m.
Commercial
Traffic &
Transportation,
Public Utility & public
& semi Public
Front
Rear
Front
Rear
Front
Rear
2.
1.00
3.
0
4.
1.00
5.
0
6.
1.50
7.
0
1.00
1.00
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.00
1.00
1.50
1.00
2.00
1.50
1.50
1.50
2.50
1.50
2.50
1.50
2.50
2.00
3.00
2.00
3.00
2.00
3.50
3.00
3.50
2.50
4.00
3.00
Width of
site in M
8.
Up to 6
Over 6
Up to 9
Over 9
Up to 12
Over 12
Up to 18
Over 18
Up to 24
Over 24
Residential
Minimum in m.
Commercial
Traffic &
Transportation,
Public Utility & public
& semi Public
Left
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right
9.
0
10.
0
11.
0
12.
0
13.
0
14.
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.50
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.50
1.75
1.50
2.00
1.50
2.00
1.75
2.50
2.00
3.00
2.00
2.50
2.50
3.00
2.00
3.00
2.00
3.00
3.00
4.00
P a g e | 218
Note:
i.
When car garage is proposed on the right side rear corner, the minimum front
setbacks shall be 3.0 m;
ii.
For residential, commercial, public and semi-public, traffic and transportation,

public utility buildings, above 10 m in height, the setbacks shall be insisted as
per Table - 3;
iii.
For residential sites up to 120 sq m;

a. Open staircase shall be permitted in the side setbacks, but there shall be
a minimum open space of 0.50 m from the side boundary and 1.0 m from
the front and rear boundary of the site.
b. Toilets minimum of 1 m x 1.5 m and not exceeding 1.4 % of the plot area
permissible in rear set back only;
c. When minimum set back of 1.5 m is left on the right side, a scooter
garage may be permitted at the back side limiting the depth of the garage
to 3.0 m;
Table 3
Exterior open spaces / setbacks for residential, commercial, public and

Semi-public, traffic and transportation, public utility buildings
exceeding 10.00 meters in height.
Sl. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Sky Group
Height of building in meters

Above 10.0 Up to 12.0
Above 50.0
Minimum Exterior open spaces

setbacks
to be left on all sides
(in m)
4.5
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
16.0
P a g e | 219
TABLE 4
Maximum Floor Area Ratio & Road Widths for Different uses
Road width in
m
Public & Semi-public,

Residential
Commercial
Traffic&Transportation,
Public utility
Upto 9
1.50
1.50
1.25
Over 9 to 12
1.75
1.75
1.50
Over 12 to 18
2.00
2.00
1.75
Over 18 to 24
2.25
2.25
1.75
Over 24
2.50
2.50
2.00
Note:
Only effluent treatment plant, open to sky swimming pool, car parking are excluded from
FAR computations.
12.3.1 Regulations for Group Housing Project

The following norms shall be adopted while approving building plans for group housing;
a) The approach road to a group housing project must have a minimum width of 12
m;
b) The minimum area for group housing shall be 1.00 ha or more.
c) An apartment Building on a plot of 1 hectare or more shall also be treated as
group housing and norms are applied accordingly.
d) A development plan showing the general arrangement of residential building
blocks, and dimensions of the plots earmarked for each building block, access
roads to abutting lands, parks, open spaces and civic amenity areas, shall be
obtained prior to according approval to the building plan;
e) Setbacks should be provided with reference to the depth and width of total plot
area;
f)
The floor area ratio (FAR) shall be with reference to the width of the public road
abutting
the property and the FAR shall be calculated for the net area of
the plot as prescribed in Table 4 after deducting the area reserved for civic
amenities.
Sky Group
P a g e | 220
g) The coverage shall be with reference to the total area of the development plan.
h) The distance between any two buildings shall not be less than half the height of
the taller building.
I)
15% of the total area to be reserved for civic amenity, parks and open spaces,
subject to a minimum of 10% for parks and open spaces and 5% for Civic
Amenity.
TABLE 6
Maximum plot coverage, FAR, minimum setbacks and minimum

road width for group housing.
Plot area
Minimum road width
Maximum
in m
Plot coverage
Between 1.00 to 2.00 ha

Between 2.00 to 3.00 ha
Above 3.00 ha
12
12
15
Maximum FAR
60%
1.50
50%
2.00
40%
2.25
Note:
a) Approval of development plan showing the general arrangement of residential
building blocks, and dimensions of plot earmarked for each building blocks, means of
access roads and civic amenity areas, should precede the approval to building plan.
b) In case, the height of group housing building exceeds 10.0 m, then setback to be left
all-round the premises shall be as per Table 2.
c)
Parking requirement shall be as per Table 9. In addition, 10% of the total parking
shall be reserved for visitors parking separately.
d) Internal roads and park area shall be developed by the owner / developer himself for
the specified purpose only.
e) C.A. sites and park area reserved in the development plan shall be handed over free
of cost to the Authority by a relinquishment deed. Preference may be given to the
owner/developer of the respective project for lease of C.A. area reserved in the
Group Housing project.
Sky Group
P a g e | 221
12.3.2 Regulations for Semi detached houses

The following norms shall be adopted while approving semi detached houses as given in
Table 7.
Table 7
Regulations for Semi-detached houses
1.
Minimum
combined
area
of
the
140 sq m
neighboring plots
2. Building coverage
3. Floor area ratio
As applicable to individual plots
4. Maximum number of floors
5. Minimum road width
6. Front setback for back to back plots
Shall be equal to the sum of front and rear

setbacks of individual plots.
On a plot on which a semi-detached building is
7.
Side setbacks for plots joined at the proposed, the side set back for each unit shall be
side.
the total of the left and right setbacks to be left in

case of individual plots.
12.3.3
Row housing
The following norms shall be adopted while approving row houses as given in Table 8.
TABLE 8
Row Housing (Maximum 12 units, minimum 3 units)
1 Minimum combined area of plot
210 sq m
2 Maximum area of each plot
108 sq m
3 Building coverage
4 Floor area ratio
As applicable to individual plots
5 Number of floors
6 Minimum road width
7 Setbacks minimum
Sky Group
Front: 2.00 m
Rear: 1.50 m
P a g e | 222
Side: 2.00 m only for end units
12.3.4
Flatted factories
The following norms shall be adopted while approving flatted factories as given in Table
9.
TABLE - 9
Regulations for Flatted Factories
1. Minimum plot area
1,000 sq m
2. Maximum plot coverage
40 %
1.50 up to 12.0 m road width
3. FAR
and 1.75 above 12.0 m road width.

a. Front 8.00 m
b. Rear
4. Minimum setbacks
4.50 m.
c. Sides 4.50 m.
12.3.5
Industrial buildings
Coverage, Floor Area Ratio and Open space for Industrial buildings are as given in Table
10 below:
TABLE 10
Coverage, Floor Area Ratio and Open space for Industrial buildings
Minimum
Minimum
Other
Minimum
Frontage
Front setback in
sides
road width
in m.
in m
in m
1.00
3.0
1.00
1.00
60%
1.25
12.0
4.50
3.00
1000 to 2000
50%
1.25
24.0
6.00
5.00
Over 12
2001 to 4000
40%
1.25
28.0
8.00
5.00
Over 12
4001 to 8000
35%
1.00
32.0
8.00
6.00
Over 15
Above 8000
30%
0.50
42.0
15.00
12.00
Over 15
Plot area in
Max. plot
Floor area
sq m
coverage
Ratio
Up to 230
80%
231 to 1000
Sky Group
P a g e | 223
Note: whenever the plot of the minimum size prescribed is not facing the required width of
road, permission shall be granted to the maximum extent of built up area allowable to
that particular road width.
12.3.6
Regulations for IT and BT related Activities
FAR and Ground Coverage in Industrial Zone for IT related activities to be followed as per
table 10 A below
Table -10 A
SL
NO
SIZE OF PLOT (
sq m)
GROUND
COVERAGE
PERMISSIBLE
FAR
ROAD WIDTH (m)
Upto 1000
55%
1.50
Above 9m upto 12m
50 %
1.75
Above 12.0m upto 18.0
50%
2.00
Above 18.0 upto 24.0
45%
2.25
Above 24.0 upto 30.0
45%
2.50
Above 30.0
2
3
4
5
Above 1000 upto

2000
Above 2000 upto
4000
Above 4000 upto
6000
Above 6000
Note: whenever the plot of the minimum size prescribed is not facing the required width of
road, permission shall be granted to the maximum extent of built up area allowable to
that particular road width.
Parking regulations for IT and BT related buildings

Each off-street parking space provided for motor vehicles shall not be less than (2.5
m x 5.0 m) 12.50 sq m area and for scooter and cycle parking spaces provided shall
not be less than 3 sq m and 1.4 sq m respectively and it shall be 25% of the car
parking space.
For building of different uses, off-street parking spaces for vehicles shall be provided
as stipulated the Table - 11
Sky Group
P a g e | 224
Exterior open spaces / setbacks in percentage (minimum) for IT and BT related

buildings to be followed as per table 10 B below.
Table 10 B
SL
NO
SIZE OF PLOT (sq m)
GROUND
MIN FRONT
MIN ALL AROUND
COVERAGE
SETBACKS (m)
SETBACKS (m)
Upto 1000
55%
Above 1000 upto 2000
50 %
50%
45
Above 6000
45
15
12
12.3.7
Parking Regulations
Parking space standards to be adopted are as follows:
a) Each off-street parking space provided for motor vehicles shall not be less than
(2.5 m x 5.0 m) 12.50 sq m area and for scooter and cycle parking spaces provided
shall not be less than 3 sq m and 1.4 sq m respectively and it shall be 25% of the
car parking space.
b) For building of different uses, off-street parking spaces for vehicles shall be
provided as stipulated in the Table - 11below:
TABLE 11
Off-street parking spaces
Sky Group
P a g e | 225
Sl.
No.
Category
Single dwelling unit
1.
Minimum one car parking space of

2.50 m x 5.00 m for every
A dwelling unit measuring more than 50 sq m upto
150 sq m of the floor area. A additional one car
park for part thereof, when it is more than 50% of
the prescribed limit.
a.
2 tenements each having area less than 50
Multi-family residential
sq m
b.
1 tenement exceeding area of 50 sq
Lodging establishments, tourist homes
6 guest rooms
and hotels
200 m floor area
Educational
a. Hospital
a. 100 sq m floor area subject to minimum 20

spaces
b. Nursing homes
b. 75 sq m floor area subject to minimum 10

spaces
Assembly/Auditorium
25 seats
Government or Semi public buildings
100 sq m floor area
Retail business
75 sq m floor area
Industrial
10
Storage
100 sq m floor area
11
Kalyana Mantapa
75 sq m floor area
12
Private Offices
75 sq m floor area
13
Restaurant/Pubs/Bars/Coffee Parlours
75sq m of floor area
14
Students Hostels
15 rooms
15
Working Persons Hostel
5 rooms
100 sq m floor area plus 1 lorry space measuring

3.5m x 7.5m for every 1000 sqm or part thereof.
Additional parking or part thereof shall be provided when the part area exceeds 50%
of the prescribed limits/ standards
Note:
Sky Group
P a g e | 226
(a) Parking space shall be with reference to total floor area after deducting space covered
by lift room, stair case, open balcony and ducts open to sky in addition to the area
deducted for the purpose of calculating the F.A.R.
(b) Up to 50 sq m in the case of shops, parking spaces need not be insisted.
(c) Off-street parking space shall be provided with adequate vehicular access to a
Street and the area of drive aisles subject to a minimum of 3.50 m and such other
provision required for adequate maneuvering of vehicles shall be exclusive of the
parking spaces stipulated in these Zonal Regulations.
(d) The parking spaces shall be provided in:
(a) First basement for plots up to 1000 sq m and second basement shall be
Permissible for plots more than 1000 sq m.
(b) Stilt floor or in upper floors (at any level.)
(c) Car parking can be provided in the set back areas provided; a minimum of 3.0 m is
left free from the building.
(d) The other aspects for providing parking spaces are:
i. Common and continuous cellar parking floors between adjoining blocks would be
allowed depending upon structural safety aspects.
ii. The parking spaces should be efficiently designed and clearly marked and
provided with adequate access, aisle, drives and ramps required for maneuvering
of vehicles.
iii. Stilt floor/Cellar parking floor shall be used only for parking and not for any
habitation purpose. Misuse of the area specified for parking of vehicles for any
other use shall be summarily demolished / removed by the Enforcement
Authority.
Sky Group
P a g e | 227
iv. For parking spaces in second basement and upper storeys of parking floors, at
least two ramps of minimum 3.5 m width or one ramp of minimum 5.4 m width
and maximum slope of 1:8 shall be provided.
i.
Basement / cellar shall be permitted to extend in the setback area except the
front setback after leaving a minimum of 1.5 m from the property line.
ii. A maximum of three basements in the case of 3-Star Hotels and above can be
permitted for parking and services
iii. Every basement storey shall be at least 2.4 m in height from the floor to the
bottom of the roof slab / beam / ceiling (whichever is less) and this height of
basement floor shall not exceed 2.75 m
iv. The basement storey shall not be projected more than 1.20 m above the average
ground level
12.3.8
Corridor
The minimum widths of corridor for different uses of building are as given in the Table
12.
TABLE 12
Minimum Width of Corridors
Sl.
Building use or type
No.
1
Minimum width of the

corridor in m
Residential building
1.0
Apartment building
2.0
Assembly buildings such as auditorium, Kalyana Mantapa, cinema

2
theatre, religious building, temple, mosque or church and other
2.0
buildings of public assembly or conference.

3
Institutional buildings such as:

a. Government office
2.0
b. Government Hospitals
2.4
c. Educational Buildings such as Schools, Colleges, Research

Institutions.
Sky Group
2.0
P a g e | 228
d. Commercial buildings such as private office, nursing homes,

lodges, etc.
e. All other buildings
12.3.9
2.0
1.5
Restrictions of Building Activity in Vicinity of Certain
Areas:
a) No building/ development activity shall be allowed in the bed of water bodies like
nala, and in the Full Tank Level (FTL) of any lake, pond etc,.
b) The above water bodies and courses shall be maintained as recreational/Green
buffer zone, and no building activity other than recreational use shall be carried out
within.
i)
30 meters from the boundary of Lake of 40.00 ha. and 10 m. for others.
ii) 9 meters from the boundaries of Canal / Raj Kaluve.

iii) 3 meters from the boundary of field natural drains as defined in the RS map /
topo sheets.
iv) The above shall be in addition to the mandatory setbacks. Unless and otherwise
stated, the area and the Full Tank Level (FTL) of a lake shall be reckoned as
measured or given in the Survey of India topographical maps/Irrigation Dept.
12.3.10 Distance of Building from Electrical Lines

No building shall be erected below an electrical line, as well as within the horizontal distance
from the electrical line indicated in the Table - 13. The vertical distance below the level of the
electrical line and the topmost surface of the building corresponding to the minimum
horizontal distance shall be as indicated in Table - 13. The minimum vertical clearance is not
applicable if the horizontal distance exceeds the minimum prescribed.
TABLE 13
Distance of buildings from electrical lines
Sky Group
P a g e | 229
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
Electrical lines
Vertical clearance
in m
Horizontal
clearance
in m
2.5
6.0
3.7
6.0
3.7
6.0
Low and medium voltage lines

up to 11 KV
High voltage lines up to and
including 11 KV
High voltage line above 11 and up to and including
33 KV
12.3.11 Solar Water Heater Requirements

Solar water heaters shall be provided as per the table for different categories of buildings.
TABLE 14
Solar lighting and water heater requirements
Sl.
Type of use
No.
1
100 litres per day shall be

provided for every unit
Restaurants service food and drinks with seating / 40 sq m of seating or serving

serving area of more than 100 sq m and above.
area
Lodging establishments and tourist homes
3 rooms
Hostel and guest houses
6 beds / persons capacity
Industrial canteens
50 workers
Nursing homes and hospitals
4 beds
Kalyana Mantapas, community hall and convention hall

(with dining hall and kitchen)
Recreational clubs
Residential buildings:
30 sq m of floor area
100 sq m of floor area
(a) Single dwelling unit measuring 200 sq m of floor area or site area of more than 400
sq m whichever is more.
(b) 500 lpcd for multi dwelling unit / apartments for every 5 units and multiples thereof.
Solar photovoltaic lighting systems shall be installed in multi unit residential buildings
9
(with more than five units) for lighting the set back areas, drive ways, and internal
corridors.
Sky Group
P a g e | 230
12.3.12 Rain Water Harvesting

Rain water harvesting is compulsory in all buildings of plots of size (9X12m) and
above, it includes storage or recharging into ground of rainwater falling on the terrace or on
any paved or unpaved surface within the building site.
The following systems may be adopted for harvesting the rainwater drawn from
terrace and the paved surface.
1.
Open well of a minimum of 1.00 m dia. and 6.00 m in depth into which rainwater may
be channeled and allowed after filtration for removing silt and floating material. The
well shall be provided with ventilating covers. The water from the open well may be
used for non-potable domestic purposes such as washing, flushing and for watering
the garden, etc.
2.
Rainwater harvesting for recharge of ground water may be done through a bore well
around which a pit of one meter width may be excavated up to a depth of at least 3.00
m and refilled with stone aggregate and sand. The filtered rainwater may be
channeled to the refilled pit for recharging the bore well.
3.
An impervious storage tank of required capacity may be constructed in the setback or

other than, space and the rainwater may be channeled to the storage tank. The
storage tank may be raised to a convenient height above the surface and shall always
be provided with ventilating the surface and shall always be provided with ventilating
covers and shall have draw off taps suitably place so that the rain water may be
drawn off for domestic, washing, gardening and such other purposes. The storage
tanks shall be provided with an overflow.
4.
The surplus rainwater after storage may be recharged into ground through percolation
pits, trenches, or combination of pits and trenches. Depending on the geomorphologic
and topographical condition, the pits may be of the size of 1.20 m width x 1.20 m
length x 2.00 m to 2.50 m depth. The trenches can be or 0.60 m width x 2.00 m to
6.00 m length x 1.50 m to 2.00 depth. Terrace water shall be channeled to pits or
trenches. Such pits or trenches shall be backfilled with filter media comprising the
following materials.
Sky Group
P a g e | 231
i)
40 mm stone aggregate as bottom layer up to 50% of the depth;
ii)
20 mm stone aggregate as lower middle layer up to 20% of the depth;
iii)
Course sand as upper middle layer up to 20% of the depth;
iv)
A thin layer of fine sand as top layer;
v)
Top 10% of the pits / trenches will be empty and a splash is to be provided in
this portion in such a way that roof top water falls on the splash pad;
vi)
Brick masonry wall is to be constructed on the exposed surface of pits /

trenches and the cement mortar plastered;
vii)
The depth of wall below ground shall be such that the wall prevents lose soil
entering into pits / trenches. The projection of the wall above ground shall at
least be 15 cm;
viii) Perforated concrete slabs shall be provided on the pits / trenches.
5. If the open space surrounding the building is not paved, the top layer up to a sufficient
depth shall be removed land refilled with course sand to allow percolation of rainwater
into ground.
The terrace shall be connected to the open well / bore well / storage tank /recharge pit
/trench by means of H.D.P.E. / P.V.C. pipes through filter media. A valve system shall be
provided to enable the first washings from roof or terrace catchments, as they would contain
undesirable dirt. The mouths of all pipes and opening shall be covered with mosquito (insect)
proof wire net. For the efficient discharge of rainwater, there shall be at least two rain water
pipes of 100 mm dia for a roof area of 100 sq m Rainwater harvesting structures shall be
sited as not to endanger the stability of building or earthwork. The structures shall be
designed such that o dampness is caused in any part of the walls or foundation of the
building or those of an adjacent building.
12.3.13 Facilities for Physically Handicapped Persons

Public and semi public buildings having covered area of 300 sq m and above shall be
designed and constructed to provide facilities to the physically handicapped persons as
prescribed in the Schedule-V of these Zoning Regulations.
SCHEDULE - V
Facilities for physically handicapped persons
Sky Group
P a g e | 232
These byelaws shall apply to the physically handicapped persons having the
following disabilities.i.
Non-ambulatory disabilities: Impairments that regardless of cause or

manifestation, for all practical purposes, confine individuals to wheelchairs;
ii.
Semi-ambulatory disabilities: Impairments that cause individuals to walk

difficulty or insecurity. Individuals using braces or crutches, amputees,
arthritics, spastics, and those with pulmonary land cardiac ills may be sent
ambulatory.
iii.
Hearing disabilities: Deafness or hearing handicaps that make an individual

insecure in public areas because he is unable to communicate or hear
warning signals.
iv.
Sight disabilities: Total blindness or impairments affecting sight to the extent

that the individual functioning in public areas is insecure or exposed to
danger.
a. Access Path/ Walk Way: The width of access path / walkway from plot entry and
surface parking to the building entry shall not be less than 1.80 m. It shall not have a
gradient exceeding 5%.
b. Surface Parking: At least two car spaces shall be provided at surface level near
entrance with maximum travel distance of 30.00 m from the building entrance.
c. Space for Wheel Chair Users: Adequate space shall be kept for the free movement
of wheel chairs. The standard size of wheel chairs shall be taken as 1050 mm x 750
mm the doors shall have a minimum width of 900 mm to facilitate the free movement
of wheel chairs.
d. Approval to Plinth Level: At least one entrance shall have approach through a
ramp. The ramp shall have a minimum width of 1.80 m with maximum gradient of
1:10.
e. Entrance Landing: Entrance landing shall be provided adjacent to ramp with the
minimum dimension of 1.80 m x 2.00 m.
f.
Corridors: The minimum width of corridors shall be 1.80 m.
g. Staircase: The minimum width of staircase shall be 1.50 m. The minimum number of
risers on a flight shall be limited to 12. Size of treads shall not be less than 30 cm and
the height of risers shall not be more than 15 cm.
h. Lifts:
Sky Group
P a g e | 233
j)
Wherever lifts are required to be installed as per bye-laws, provision of at least

one lift shall be made for the wheel chair users with the following cage
dimensions recommended for passenger lifts of 13 persons capacity by Bureau
of Indian Standards.
Clear internal depth 1100 mm (1.10 m)
Clear internal width 2000 m (2.00 m)
Entrance door width 900 mm (0.90)
ii) The lift lobby shall have a minimum inside measurement of (1.80 x 1.80) m.
j.
Toilets: One special water closet in a set of toilets shall be provided for the use of
handicapped persons with wash basin keeping in view the following provisions.i. The minimum size of toilet shall be 1.50 m x 1.75 m.
ii. The maximum height of the W.C. set shall be 0.50 m above the floor.
k. Hand Rails: Hand rails shall be provided for ramps, staircases, lifts and toilets. The
height of hand rails shall be normally 800 mm above the floor level. If the building is
meant for the predominant use of children, the height of hand rails may be suitably
altered.
l.
Guiding / Warning Floor Material: The floor material to guide or to warn the visually
impaired persons with a change of colour or material with conspicuously different
texture and easily distinguishable from the rest of the surrounding floor materials is
called guiding or warning floor material. The material with different texture shall give
audible signals with sensory warning when person moves on this surface with
walking stick. The guiding / warning floor material is meant to give the directional
effect or warn a person at critical places. This floor material shall be provided in the
following areas:
i. The access path to the building and to the parking area;
ii. The landing lobby towards the information board, reception, lifts, staircase and
toilets;
iii. At the beginning / end of walkway where there is vehicular traffic;
iv. At the location abruptly changing in level and at the beginning / end of ramp;
v. At the entrance / exit of the building.
m.
Proper Signage: Appropriate identification of specific facilities within a building for

the handicapped persons should be done with proper signage. Visually impaired
persons make use of other senses such as hearing and touch to compensate for the
lack of vision; whereas visual signals shall benefit those with hearing disabilities.
Signs should be designed and located such that they are easily legible by using
suitable letter size (not less than 20 mm size). For visually impaired persons,
Sky Group
P a g e | 234
information board in Braille should be installed on the wall at a suitable height and it
should be possible to approach them closely. To ensure safe walking there should
not be any protruding sign, which creates obstruction in walking.
The symbols / illustrations should be in contrasting colour and properly illuminated so that
with limited vision one may be able to differentiate amongst primary colours.
12.3.14 Security Deposit

The applicant shall deposit a sum of Rs. 50/- per sq m of floor area as refundable
non-earning deposit for the following categories of buildings namely:
a) Residential Buildings/ Group Housing/Multi-Dwellings/Apartments with 5 units or
more.
b) Commercial Buildings exceeding 300 sq m of floor area. The security deposit
shall be refunded after one year of completion of the building as per approved
plan certified by Development or Local Authority. If the construction is not as per
the approved plan, the deposit would be forfeited.
12.3.15 General Rules

The following shall be considered while enforcing the zoning regulations for all types of
developments:
I.
Conversions
a. Conversions prior to the provisional approval of Interim Master Plans (28.4.2007) as

per GO dated 12.12.2008 are to be honored irrespective of the land use proposed in
the Master Plan except in cases of road alignment, natural drains and water bodies.
b. The government is the competent authority to permit change of land use under the
act. It is further classified that the permission accorded by high power
committee/government/single window shall be deemed to be given as, if planning
authority has provided its opinion to government under the procedure specified
under section 14-A of the KTCP Act 1961.
Sky Group
P a g e | 235
c. All layouts approved by the Authority Shall be deemed to have been reserved for the
purpose for which they are approved, provided they have been approved before the
approval of master plan
II.
Application of land use:
a. The proposed land use indicated towards the roadside of a property shall be
the land use for the entire property (one property depth not exceeding 50 m)
without identifying it for different uses by measuring as per the scale of the
maps. This is applicable only to the built-up area as shown in the existing land
use map.
b. Different uses permitted in a given zone may be allowed in different floors of

the building. In such cases, the regulations applicable to the use of the
ground floor of the building shall apply to the entire building.
c. In case of uses granted under special circumstances/change of land use, as

the case may be, the higher of the setback and the lower of the FAR
applicable to the original land use /change of land use as the case may be
shall be applicable.
d. The proposed alignments of STRR, IRR, RR, TRR, Expressway etc., are to
be incorporated. In case of any changes in the alignment by the competent
Authority, the same would prevail over MP proposal.
e. Any discrepancies with respect of revenue survey numbers, actual alignment

of HT lines, existing roads, nala alignment and water bodies in the MP shall
be resolved by field and documentary verification by the Authority and also in
comparison with the ground reality/cadastral map
f. In case of change in alignment of roads, H T line or nala indicated in the MP,

the adjacent higher land use abutting the alignment before change shall be
considered.
Sky Group
P a g e | 236
g. The Government directions for considering the approval of layouts are

protected under special circumstances.
h. If the alignment of the existing road is shifted in the MP, the existing road as
on ground reality/ cadastral map may be considered for the proposed road
widening. The higher land use abutting the shifted road shall be considered
accordingly.
III.
Setbacks
i.
The front and rear setbacks shall be with reference to depth of the site.
ii.
Left and right setbacks shall be with reference to width of the site.
iii.
No side setbacks shall be insisted upon only in the case of reconstruction of

existing building where traditional row housing type of development exists and
in areas specifically provided under the Zonal Regulations.
iv.
The provision of setbacks should be read with tables prescribed for floor area
ratio, coverage etc., for different type of buildings.
v.
When the building lines are fixed, the front set back shall not be less than the
building line fixed or the minimum front set back prescribed whichever is
higher.
vi.
In the case of corner sites both the sides facing the road shall be treated as
front side and regulations applied accordingly to maintain the building line on
these two roads and to provide better visibility.
vii.
In case where the building line is not parallel to the property line, the front and
rear setbacks shall not be less than the specified setbacks at any point.
viii. In case of building sanctioned prior to coming into force of these rules which
are abutting other properties on one, two or more sides, upper floors may be
Sky Group
P a g e | 237
permitted, to utilize the available FAR except in the front to enable road
widening, if any.
ix. In case of irregular plots setbacks are to be calculated according to the depth
or width at the points where the depth or width are varying. In such cases,
average setbacks should not be fixed at as they may effect minimum set back
at any point.
x. The left and right set-backs may be interchanged by the Authority in

exceptional cases due to existing structures like: open well and also
considering the topography of the land.
i.
Higher FAR should be permitted only within 200m radius of any transit hub or
major interchanges (Railway station , metro or BRT station ).
ii.
In case of sites availing additional FAR / FSI, the permissible ground

coverage should be reduced by 20% for the area above 500sqm.This shall be
limited to a minimum coverage of 15%.
iii.
Foot path and utility services are provided on either sides roads for 18m &
above roads for minimum of 2.0m to 3.0m width.
iv.
Pedestrian only zones shall be identified and marked along with time bound
action plan for achieving the same.
v.
Commercial, office use shall be permitted and even encouraged in all

transport hubs and interchanges like TTMC, IMTH etc.
vi.
Bus- bays shall be indicated on the layout approval drawings within the
layouts at the time of approval (Above 18M).
vii.
The turning radii of roads at the junctions/ intersection designs shall be as per
the IRC code for intersection design for urban roads and shall include space
required for signals and utilities along with the signage.
viii.
The parking requirements shall be 50% of the parking shown against the uses
in case of commercial/ service industry are proposed to be developed in the
transit stations/ terminals / interchanges i.e. TTMCs IMTC.
Sky Group
P a g e | 238
ix.
The cross-sections in the annexure shall be applicable in case of

development of the road of applicable classification. In case additional Row is
available the order of priority for the space allocation shall be as below:
Pedestrian sidewalk
Central Verge/median for pedestrian refuge
Cycle path
Plantation zone
Bus bay
xi. Carriageway
IV.
NOC
i.
For all the high-rise buildings NOC from the following departments shall be
obtained.
ii.
a.
Fire force department.
b.
K.U.W.S.& D.B.
c.
K.P.T.C.L./BESCOM
d.
Telecommunication department
e.
Karnataka State Pollution Control Board
A Traffic Impact Study shall be submitted along with other applicable documents
for permission where possible developable area is not less than 2000 sq. m. in
case of commercial or industrial uses. The authority may reject or accept or may
seek the opinion of Directorate of Urban Land Transport on the traffic impact
study and approve the development with or without such conditions as it deems
fit.
iii.
For all Development Plans, Apartment Buildings and Residential Layouts which
come under the category stipulated by the Karnataka State Pollution Control
Board (K.S.P.C.B.), necessary NOC from K.S.P.C.B. shall be furnished.
iv.
For Cinema theatres, the setbacks and other provisions shall be as per
Karnataka Cinematography Act and Rules.
V.
Road width
a) Road width means distance between the boundaries of a road including footways
and drains.
b) If the road width varies along the length of road, then the minimum width of the road
along 200 m stretch on either side, from the centre of the plot shall be considered.
c) In case of roads having service roads in addition to the main roads, the
Sky Group
width of
P a g e | 239
road shall be aggregate width of service roads and main roads for determining FAR
and number of floors.
d) When a portion of land is at different/split levels, then the width of the road to be
considered for determining F.A.R., shall be the aggregate width of the roads which
are at different levels.
VI.
Means of Access
The means of exclusive access, which would be other than through public roads and streets,
shall not be of more than 30 m length from the existing public roads and streets The
minimum width of such access shall be 3.5 m. FAR and height of buildings coming up on
such plots shall be regulated according to the width of public street or road. If the means of
access exceeds 30.0 m in length, FAR shall be regulated with reference to the width of such
access road. Construction of buildings on plots with common access/lanes from the public
road/street shall be regulated according to width of such common access roads/lanes.
VII.
Garages
a) For garages no side or rear setbacks are to be insisted. One upper floor not
exceeding 3.0 m. in height shall be permitted provided no openings are provided
towards neighboring buildings and at least one opening for light and ventilation is
provided towards the owners property.
b) Garages shall be permitted in the rear right hand corner of the plot. In cases of
buildings constructed or sanctioned prior to the enforcement of these regulations,
where space is not available on the right side, it may be permitted on the left side
provided minimum setback exists in the adjoining property of the left side.
c) In case of corner plots, the garage shall be located at the rear corner diagonally
opposite to the road intersection.
d) The maximum width of the garage shall not exceed 4 m and the depth should not
be more than 6.0m or 1/3 the depth of the plot, whichever is lower.
e) The garages shall not be constructed or reconstructed within 4.5m from road edge.
This may be relaxed in cases where the garage forms part of the main building with
minimum setback for the plot.
Sky Group
P a g e | 240
VIII. Plots facing the roads proposed for widening:
In case of a plot facing the road proposed for widening, the required land as
indicated in the master plan for road widening shall be handed over to the local
Authority free of cost by a Relinquishment deed by the owner of the land before
sanction is accorded to his plan;
a) The FAR shall be allowed as applicable to the total area of the site without
deducting the area to be taken over for road widening, provided at least 60% of the
site area is available for use as a building site after the proposed road widening;
and set back shall be determined for the remaining portion of the plot.
b) Existing road width abutting the site shall be considered for calculating the FAR.
Benefit of Development Rights shall be extended in such cases as per the
provisions of Section 14-B of KTCP Act 1961
IX. Exemption in open space:
The following exemptions in open space shall be permitted

a) Cantilever Portico: A cantilever portico of 3.0 m width (maximum) and 4.5 m length
(maximum) may be permitted in the ground floor within the side set back. No access
is permitted to the top of the portico for using it as a sit out. Height of the portico
shall be open to sky. The portico when allowed shall have a clear open space of one
meter from the boundary of the property.
b) Balcony: The projection of the balcony shall be measured perpendicular to the
building up to the outermost edge of the balcony. Cantilever projection of the
balcony shall be permitted not exceeding 1/3 of the setback subject to a maximum
of 1.1 m in the first floor and 1.75 m in and above the second floor. No balcony is
allowed within the minimum setback area at the ground floor level. The length of the
balcony shall be limited to 1/3 of the length of each side of the building.
c) Lifts: Lifts shall be provided for buildings with ground plus three floors and above.
d) Parking space: Adequate space for car parking shall be provided in the premises
as per standards in Table - 11.
Sky Group
P a g e | 241
X.
Water supply: Bore well shall be provided in all high rise buildings to provide
alternative source of water supply where the Karnataka Urban Water Supply and
Drainage Board so desires and the strata is capable of yielding water.
XI.
Height of building: In the reckoning of height of buildings, headroom, lift room,

water tanks on terrace, penthouse may be excluded.
XII.
Road alignment: In case of buildings that have been permitted lawfully by Town
Municipal Council or Planning Authority and if such structures are obstruction to the
alignment of the proposed roads in the Master Plan, 2031, such road alignment shall
be re-looked into by the Authority and decision may be taken suitably.
XIII.
Permissions: All permissions accorded by Govt. or by the Planning Authority shall

be treated as conforming uses irrespective of the classification made in the Master
Plan, 2031. This is to be allowed on a case by case basis only.
XIV.
New additions to existing buildings:

In case of buildings which are existing prior to coming into force of these regulations,
upper floors may be permitted according to the existing coverage subject to limitation of
height, F.A.R., Building Line or any road widening proposals in accordance with present
regulations.
12.4. SUB-DIVISION REGULATIONS

The purpose of these regulations is to guide the development of new areas in accordance
with the land use plan. As long as this is done on sound planning principles with adequate
space standards, the future of the Town is assured.
This will not necessitate costly
corrective measures, which would become necessary, if sub-standard growth is allowed to

take place. These sub-division regulations are confined to standards of size of plots, street
widths and community facilities.
In sanctioning the sub-division of a plot under section 17 of the Karnataka Town and Country
Planning Act, 1961, the Planning Authority shall among other things see that the following
planning standards are followed for sub-division of plot.
Sky Group
P a g e | 242
The Authority reserves the right to modify the layout submitted by the applicant / owner and
may impose any condition either from the planning point of view or in the interest of public.
A. Amalgamation:
i.
In the case of amalgamation, the proposed sites shall have the same land
use.
ii.
Ownership of the amalgamated plot could be in a single or multiple

names/family members/ company. But, amalgamation shall not be considered
if the plots are under lease agreement.
iii.
Development controls for the amalgamated plot shall be with reference to

new dimensions.
B. Bifurcation:
i.
In the case of all bifurcations, whether corner site or intermediate site, front
setback for the resulting site abutting the road shall be the same as that of the
original site and not that of the subdivided site.
ii.
A Plot/ Site which is a part of the Sub division plan/layout/scheme duly

approved by the Authority may be further bifurcated with prior permission of
Authority and the sub divided plot shall not be less than the prescribed size of
the plot.
iii.
Bifurcated plot shall not be less than 54 sq m. Bifurcated plot shall have a
minimum of 3.5 m access.
iv.
The bifurcated plot shall have a minimum of 4.5 m frontage. This condition
shall not apply to family partition sites.
12.4.1 Norms for Approval of Sub-division of plot or Layout Plan

12.10.1A
Approval of residential layout:
a) Size of plot
No building plot resulting from a sub-division after these regulations come into force is
smaller in size than 54 sq m in residential zone. In specific cases of sites for housing
schemes for economically weaker sections, low income groups, slum clearance and Ashraya
housing, the authority may relax the above condition.
Sky Group
P a g e | 243
b) Areas for open spaces and civic amenities

The minimum area, areas for open space and civic amenities and roads while sanctioning of
layout for residential purpose shall be subject to the following conditions:
i.
The minimum area for approval of a layout shall not be less than 1.0 ha provided that
if a single owner does not possess the entire 1.0ha, a group of owners may jointly
apply to the Authority.
ii.
In case of already land locked areas where the amalgamation of 1.0Ha. is not at all
possible, the Authority may consider lesser areas, provided minimum 10% of
Open space and 5% of Civic amenity space shall be reserved.
iii. The area earmarked for residential sites shall be a maximum of 55% of the total
extent.
iv. Balance area shall be earmarked for roads, parks, and playgrounds and civic
Amenities and the area under parks and playgrounds shall not be less than 10%
of the total extent.
v.
Areas covered under Park Zones, Valleys, lake/nalla buffer etc may be shown as
park in the layout plan.
vi. If by incorporating major roads proposed in the Master Plan, the area under roads
exceeds 45%, in such case the reservation under parks and civic amenities may
be relaxed.
vii. A maximum of 3% of the total area from out of the permissible residential area may
be earmarked for commercial uses.
viii. The area reserved for parks and open spaces, civic amenities and roads shall be
handed over to the Planning Authority free of cost through a registered
relinquishment deed before taking up development of the layout.
ix. Minimum width of road width shall not be less than 9.00 m. for plots upto 200 Sq M
and for bigger plots the road width shall not be less than 12.00 m.
x.
In case of EWS sites the minimum road width may be 7.5m
xi. The land in question shall be converted for non agricultural purpose.
Sky Group
P a g e | 244
xii. The land shall be access from public road and the use of land shall be in accordance
with the zonal regulations of master plan.
xiii. The necessary development charges shall be paid to the concerned UDA / Local
Authority. This fee is in addition to recovery of fee under Section 18 of K.T.C.P
Act and other fees/charges prescribed by the Government from time to time.
xiv.
Whenever the total area proposed for formation of layout exceeds 10acres, then
adequate extent of land may be earmarked for provision / installation of utilities like
transformer, sewage treatment plant, overhead water tank, bus bay / shelter, etc. this
area may be taken into calculation under either CA or Park as the case may be.
Decision of the Authority in this regard shall be final.
xv.
Landscaping on the streets/ sideways/ sidewalks for better green cover shall be
insisted for roads with road width of 15 m and above at the time of approval for
development (layouts/ Development Plan/ building plan).
xvi.
While developing a land, if for any reason, the road has to be stopped without
continuation, then cul-de-sac with turnaround area of 9 m radius of the end shall be
provided.
12.10.1B
Approval of single plot for residential purpose.
Any extent of land can be approved as single plot subject to the following conditions:
i.
The land in question is converted for residential purpose.
ii.
The land shall have access from the public road and the use of land shall be in
accordance with the Zonal Regulations of the Master Plan.
iii.
The Authority shall collect the fee under Section 18 of the K.T.C.P. Act and
development charges and any other fees and charges prescribed by the Government
from time to time. In addition, fee for Rejuvenation of lake/tank as per section 18(A)
of the K T C P Act, 1961 at the rate of Rs. 1,00,000/- per acre shall be levied and
collected as per the Government circular No. Na A Ee 90 BMR 2010 dated
29-9-
2010.
iv.
In case owner of any land who has obtained approval for single plot desires to subdivide his plot at a later stage, he shall obtain approval by the Authority treating it as
Sky Group
P a g e | 245
sub-division of land and the norms applies accordingly as prescribed in the Zoning
Regulations.
v.
If any roads proposed in master plan shall be incorporated in the plan and shall be
handed over to the authority free of cost.
vi.
The necessary development charges shall be paid to the concerned UDA / Local
Authority. This fee is in addition to recovery of fee under Section 18 of K.T.C.P Act
and other fees/charges prescribed by the Government from time to time.
12.10.1C
Approval of Non-Residential layouts.
A. If the non-residential layout for approval consists of only one single unit,
approval shall be given subject to the following conditions:
I.
The land in question shall be converted for non-agricultural purpose.
II.
Any extent of land can be approved as single plot.
III.
The land shall be access from public road and the use of land shall be in
accordance with the zonal regulations of master plan.
IV.
The minimum road width shall be 12m.
V.
A minimum 5% of the total extent of land shall be reserved for vehicle parking
and this shall be in addition to the parking space prescribed in the Zoning
Regulations as per the total floor area of the building.
VI.
A minimum 10% of the total extent shall be earmarked as park and open
space.
VII.
Areas covered under Parks Zones, Valleys, lake/nallah buffer etc may be
shown as park in the development plan.
VIII.
The area reserved for vehicle parking and open space shall be maintained by
the landowner and this land shall not be used for any other purpose by the
landowner.
IX.
The Planning Authority shall collect the fee under section 18 of K.T.C.P. Act
and development charges applicable and any other fees and charges
prescribed by the Government from time to time.
Sky Group
P a g e | 246
X.
In case owner of any land who obtained approval for single plot desires to
sub-divide his plot at later stage, he shall obtain approval of Authority for sub
division of plots as per prescribed norms.
B. If the non-residential layout for approval consists of two or more number of

plots, the following conditions shall apply:
i. The land in question shall be converted for non-agricultural purpose.
ii. The land shall be access from public road and the use of land shall be
in accordance with the zonal regulations of master plan.
iii. A minimum 5% of the total extent of land shall be reserved for vehicle
parking and
this
shall be in addition to the parking space
prescribed in the Zoning Regulations as per the total floor area of the
building.
iv. A minimum 10% of the total extent of land shall be earmarked as park
and open space.
v. Minimum width of road shall not be less than 12.0m.
vi. The area earmarked for parking, park and open space and roads shall
be handed over to the local authority at free of cost for maintenance.
vii. The Planning Authority shall collect the fee under Section 18 of
K.T.C.P. Act and development charges and any other fees and
charges prescribed by the Government from time to time.
12.10.1D
Regulations for Redevelopment Schemes
In case of Slum Redevelopment Scheme, taken up by the Karnataka Housing Board

and Karnataka Slum Clearance Board, the following regulations given in the table
15 below shall be applicable.
TABLE-15
SI.
Sky Group
Regulations for Slum Redevelopment Scheme
P a g e | 247
No.
1
Land Use Allocation

For rehabilitation scheme, procedure as per Section 14 A of Karnataka Town &
Country Planning Act may be dispensed with in agricultural zone of approved Master
Plan after consultation with the Director of Town and Country Planning and for redevelopment within the conurbation area shall be as per the Zonal Regulation and
Master Plan proposals.
FAR & Ground Coverage taken up in the same location.

Extent in Ha
Coverage
FAR
Min. Road width
Min. allround set

back
Up to 0.4
60%
3.0
6m for buildings < 15m
6m
height and 9m for > 15 m

height
Above 0.4 up to
60%
3.0
0.8
7.5 m
and 12 m for > 15 m ht
Above 0.8
3
9m for buildings< 15m ht
60%
3.0
12.0 m
9.0 m
FAR & Ground Coverage for a relocation scheme.

Road width in m.
Coverage
FAR
Less than 12
60%
2.00
Above 12 and Up to 18
55%
2.25
Above 18 and up to 24
55%
2.50
Above 24 and up to 30
50%
3.00
Above 30
50%
3.25
Set backs
As per Table 2 or 3 of
these Regulations
Minimum Open space and Civic Amenity area

Open space and Civic Amenity area shall be 15% of total sital area. Out of 15%, not
less than 10% shall be reserved for park area and the rest reserved for Civic Amenity
area. Such areas need not be handed over free of cost to the Authority
Commercial
2% of the total area may be reserved for Commercial use subject to fulfillment of
parking area.
Set-backs
As shown in item number 2 & 3
Sky Group
P a g e | 248
Distance between the blocks

Up to 15 m height 6.0 m minimum & Above 15m height 9.Om minimum shall be
12.4.2
Standard of Roads
a) Layouts
Minimum Right of Way for streets proposed in layouts is as per Table 16.
Table-16
Standard of Roads/streets in layouts
Sl.
Length and category of streets
No
1
in m
Residential
a) Up to 180 m
9.00 m
b) Above180 m Up to 500m
12.00 m
c) Above 500 m
18.00 m
d) Collector street (minor roads)
12.00 m
e) Major collector roads (feeder streets)
18.00 m
f) Arterial roads
2
18m,24m and 30 m
Commercial
a) Retail
12.00 m
b) Others
15.00 m
b)
Minimum right of way
Industrial
a) Up to 2.0 Hectare
12.00 m
b) Above 2.0 Hectare
15.00 m
Single Plot Layouts

One public through fare road shall be provided at the edges of the property as per
the extent of land as shown in the Table 17 below.
Sky Group
P a g e | 249
Table-17
Standard of Roads/streets in layouts
Sl.
Single plot layout for
Extent of layout
No
1.00 to
2.00 to
Above
2.00 ha
5.00 ha
5.00 ha
Residential
9.00 m road
12.00 m road
18.00 m road
Commercial
12.00m road
18.00 m road
24.00 m road
Industrial and other uses
12.00m road
18.00 m road
24.00 m road
12.4.3
Standards for Civic Amenities, Parks & Play Grounds
Standards for Civic Amenities, Parks & Play Grounds regarding minimum area with respect
to population per unit of different facilities are presented in Table 18 and 19 respectively.
1. Civic Amenities
TABLE 18
Standards for Civic Amenities
Particulars
Population
per unit
Area in ha.
a) Educational Facilities:
i) Nursery School (age group 3 to 6 years)
ii) Basic primary and Higher primary school
(age group 6 to 14 years)
1,000
3,500 to 4,500
As per the Standards of
iii) Higher secondary school (age group 14 to

17 years)
iv) College
15,000
Respective Departments
50,000
b) Health Facilities:
i) Dispensary
5,000
ii) Health Centre
20,000
c) Other facilities:
Sky Group
P a g e | 250
i) Post and Telegraph
10,000
ii) Police Station
10,000
iii) Religious Building
3,000
iv) Filling Station
15,000
2.Parks, play ground and open spaces

The area standards and population benchmarks to be followed for providing parks,
playground and open spaces are given in Table 15 below.
TABLE 19
Standards for Parks, play ground and open spaces
Sl. No.
Category
1.
Tot-lot
2.
Population Area in
per unit
hectares (min.)
500
0.05
Children park
2,000
0.20
3.
Neighborhood play ground
1,000
0.20
4.
Neighborhood park
5,000
0.80
12.4.4
Building Line
Building lines are prescribed for some important roads in Hosakote town as presented in
Table -20. Front setback is also prescribed separately for various types of buildings. The
higher of the two shall be the minimum open space in order to have better street architecture
and also to facilitate road widening proposal if any in future.
TABLE 20
Proposed Building Line
Sl.
No.
Name of the Road
Proposed
right of way
(m)
Building line
from the edge of
ROW (m)
STRR
90.0
10.0
Sky Group
P a g e | 251
IRR
90.0
10.0
ITRR
90.0
10.0
RR
60
6.0
NOTE:
For National Highways, State highways, Major District roads, other district roads and village
roads standards specified (road width, building lines etc.,) by the Ministry of Surface
Transport, Government of India are to be followed vide Govt. Notification No: UDD 251 BMR
2005, dated 22-12-2005 and other circulars of Government of Karnataka)
For all existing roads of width more than 15m shall be provided minimum of 3m building line.
ANNEXURE I- Road Cross- Section
Fig 1- Arterial Road Cross- Section (RoW- 45m)
Fig 2- Sub- Arterial Road Cross- Section (RoW- 35m)

Sky Group
P a g e | 252
Fig 4- Collector road cross- section- (RoW- 24m)
Fig 5- Collector road with centre bus lane cross- section- (RoW- 25m)
Sky Group
P a g e | 253
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 1: NOTIFICATION OF THE KANAKAPURA LPA
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 2
ii
ANNEXURES
iii
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 3: GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION FOR PREPARATION OF INTERIM

MASTER PLAN
iv
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURES
vi
ANNEXURES
vii
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 4: GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION
viii
ANNEXURES
ix
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 5: GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT

General description of groundwater assessment unit in Kanakapura region and surroundings
Sl.
Code
no.
of
No.
watershed
Command
Type of rock
Averial
Remarks
non-command
formation
extent, Ha
4B3B5
NC
Gneiss
1,21,500
Kanakapura
4B3B6
NC
Gneiss
86,500
North
4B3B7
NC
Gneiss
52,000
North west side
4B3C1
NC
Gneiss
86,300
West side
4B3C2
NC
Gneiss
1,16,800
North west corner
Source: Report on dynamic groundwater resources of Karnataka, March 2004
Ground water resources potential in Kanakapura region and surroundings
Details
Code No. of water shed

4B3B5
4B3B6
4B3B7
4B3C1
4B3C2
3112
565
2021
1525
1474
3541
609
3369
2166
non-
1471
866
467
1177
1401
Recharge from other sources during non-
1083
683
969
531
1148
Total annual ground water recharge, Ham
7140
5655
4066
5076
6241
Natural discharge during non-monsoon
357
283
203
254
312
6783
5372
3862
4823
5929
Recharge from rain fall during monsoon

season, Ham
Recharge from other sources during
monsoon season, Ham
Recharge
from
rainfall
during
monsoon season, Ham
monsoon season, Ham
season, Ham
Net ground water availability, Ham
Source: Report on dynamic groundwater resources of Karnataka, March 2004
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 6: STAGE OF GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT OF WATERSHED

ZONES IN KANAKAPURA TALUK AND BANGALORE SOUTH Taluk
Parameter
4B3B5
4B3B6
4B3B7
4B3C1
Kanakapura
Bangalore
South
1. Total Annual Ground water
9383.61
6543.16
Recharge
2.
Net
annual
ground
water
6783
5371
3862.44
4822
8914.43
6216
12165
7647
6589.26
3612
14469.58
11262.10
723
509
208.13
443
890.79
594.52
12888
8156
6797.39
4055
15360.37
11856.63
1005
708
289.30
625
1240.30
834.08
584
116.88
190
151
175.99
84
of water levels
Yes
No
No
Yes
pre-monsoon
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
OE
OE
OE
Critical
9%Critical
OE
availability, Ham
3. Existing gross ground water
draft for irrigation, Ham
draft for domestic and industrial
water supply, Ham
draft for all uses, Ham
6.
Allocation
for
domestic
&
industrial use for the next 25

years, Ham
7. Net ground water availability for
future
irrigation
development,
Ham
8. Existing stage of groundwater
development, %
9. Is there any significant decline
post-monsoon
10. Category
91%OE
11.
Average
crop
water
0.62
0.42
0.82
0.82
0.82
ground
water
715
142.91
requirement, m
12.
Balance
irrigation potential available, Ha

Source: Report on dynamic ground water resources of Karnataka as on March-2004
OE Over exploited
Only 34 MLD is available for entire taluk
xi
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 6: STATUS OF GROUNDWATER UTILIZATION LOWER CAUVERY

CATCHMENT (4B3)
xii
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 7: STATUS OF GROUNDWATER UTILIZATION BANGALORE

RURAL DISTRICT
xiii
ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE 8: ROAD SECTIONS
Fig 1- Arterial Road Cross- Section (RoW- 45m)
xiv
ANNEXURES
Fig 4- Collector road cross- section- (RoW- 24m)
Fig 5- Collector road with centre bus lane cross- section- (RoW- 25m)
xv
ANNEXURES
Fig 6- Local street cross- section- (RoW- 11m)
xvi
Annexures
ANNEXURE 9: CHANGES MADE FROM INTERIM MASTER PLAN TO MASTER PLAN 2031
CONURBATION 1 - KAGGALIPURA
SL.No
Village Name
Survey No
Existing Landuse
IMP Landuse
Master Plan Landuse
Reason for Change in Landuse
UTTARI
83
Tank
Residential
Tank
Changed as per cadastral Tank
UTTARI
80
Agriculture
Residential
Park
Changed as per Approved Layout
UTTARI
31
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
UTTARI
31
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
UTTARI
31
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
UTTARI
113,150,158
Commercial
Park
Commercial
Changed as per Existing Landuse
UTTARI
111
Tank
Residential
Tank
CHUDAHALLI_K
Park
PS
Park
Changed as per Existing Park
CHUDAHALLI_K
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
10
CHUDAHALLI_K
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
11
KAGGALIPURA
31
Tank
Residential
Tank
12
KAGGALIPURA
38,39
PS
Residential
PS
13
KAGGALIPURA
50,53
Agriculture
Residential
Park
Sky Group
P a g e | xvii
Annexures
14
UTTARI
141,132
Residential
Commercial
Residential
15
UTTARI
64,141
Residential
Commercial
Residential
16
UTTARI
68
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
17
UTTARI
68
Residential
Residential
Tank
18
KAGGALIPURA
84
Agriculture
Tank
Residential
19
KAGGALIPURA
222
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
20
GULAKAMALE
99
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
21
GULAKAMALE
84
Tank
Residential
Tank
22
GULAKAMALE
109,116,121
PS
Residential
PS
23
GULAKAMALE
16,18
Agriculture
Residential
Park
24
GULAKAMALE
18,21,22,23
Agriculture
Residential
Park
25
GULAKAMALE
46
Tank
Residential
Tank
26
KAGGALIPURA
46,127
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
27
KAGGALIPURA
199
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
28
KAGGALIPURA
215
Industrial
Commercial
Industrial
29
UTTARI
25
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
Sky Group
P a g e | xviii
Annexures
30
KAGGALIPURA
136
Agriculture
Residential
Commercial
31
KAGGALIPURA
143
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
32
GULAKAMALE
20
Agriculture
Residential
Park
33
GULAKAMALE
118
PS
Residential
PS
34
KAGGALIPURA
58,67
PS
Residential
Park
35
KAGGALIPURA
324
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
36
KAGGALIPURA
312
Tank
Residential
Tank
37
KAGGALIPURA
298
Agriculture
Residential
Commercial
38
KAGGALIPURA
298
Agriculture
Park
Commercial
39
THARALU
Tank
Residential
Tank
40
SOMANAHALLI
229,230,231,253,239,2
40,241 & Surroundings
PU
PS
PU
41
SOMANAHALLI
225
Park
Commercial
Park
42
SOMANAHALLI
225
PS
Commercial
PS
43
SOMANAHALLI
225
PS
Commercial
PS
44
SOMANAHALLI
227
PS
Commercial
PS
45
SOMANAHALLI
212,213,217,218
PS
Residential
PS
Sky Group
Change of Landuse Made by Govt

Change of Landuse Made by Govt
P a g e | xix
Annexures
46
SOMANAHALLI
20,23
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
47
SOMANAHALLI
18,36
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
48
KAGGALIPURA
46,151,152
Commercial
Residential
Commercial
49
KAGGALIPURA
151
PS
Park
PS
50
KAGGALIPURA
173
PS
Residential
PS
51
KAGGALIPURA
174
PS
Residential
PS
CONURBATION 2 - HAROHALLI
SL.No
Village Name
Survey No
Existing Landuse
IMP Landuse
Master Plan Landuse
GABBADI
130
Tank
Residential
Tank
GABBADI
42,44,48
Park
Industrial
Park
Changed as per Existing Park
GABBADI
Residential
Industrial
Residential
GABBADI
249,250
Agriculture
Agriculture
Residential
Changed as per Master Plan
HOSAKOTE
33
Agriculture
Hillock
Park
GABBADIKAVAL
Industrial
Agriculture
Industrial
HOSAKOTE
Transport
Transport
Tank
Sky Group
P a g e | xx
Annexures
MARASANDRA
38
Tank
Residential
Tank
HAROHALLI
50
Tank
Residential
Tank
10
HAROHALLI
244
Tank
Park
Tank
11
HAROHALLI
Residential
Park
Residential
12
MEDAMARANAHALLI
Residential
Agriculture
Residential
13
MEDAMARANAHALLI
Residential
Industrial
Residential
14
MEDAMARANAHALLI
56
Industrial
Industrial
Tank
15
MEDAMARANAHALLI
72,94,95,96
Residential
Industrial
Residential
16
HAROHALLI
478,493,501,502,503
Residential
PU
Residential
17
HAROHALLI
444
Tank
Agriculture
Tank
18
HAROHALLI
Tank
Industrial
Tank
19
HAROHALLI
Tank
Industrial
Tank
20
HAROHALLI
529
Tank
Residential
Tank
21
GABBADI
42
Agriculture
Industrial
Tank
22
GABBADI
161
Tank
Agriculture
Tank
23
HAROHALLI
Tank
Residential
Tank
Sky Group
P a g e | xxi
Annexures
24
HAROHALLI
377
Agriculture
Tank
Park
25
HAROHALLI
467,469,470,471
Agriculture
Tank
Park
26
HAROHALLI
291
Tank
Agriculture
Tank
27
HAROHALLI
Agriculture
Park
Agriculture
28
HAROHALLI
Agriculture
Park
Agriculture
29
HAROHALLI
Agriculture
Agriculture
Park
30
GABBADI
Agriculture
Agriculture
Park
224,225,238,242,243,2
48,785,793 &
Surroundings
110,111,117,116,115,3
22,325& Surroundings
600,672,680,689,690&
Surroundings
118,119,120,121,122,1
23,124 & Surroundings
CONURBATION 3 - KANKAPURA
SL.No
Village Name
Survey No
Existing Landuse
IMP Landuse
Master Plan Landuse
KANAKAPURA
34,35,48,49,50,54,709,
& Surroundings
PU
Residential
PU
KANAKAPURA
19,20
Industrial
PS
Industrial
KANAKAPURA
665,670
PS
Residential
PS
KANAKAPURA
269,273
PS
Agriculture
PS
KANAKAPURA
Commercial
Residential
Commercial
Changed as per cadastral Landuse
Sky Group
P a g e | xxii
Annexures
KANAKAPURA
563,564,565,566,571 &
Surroundings
Agriculture
Agriculture
Residential
KANAKAPURA
541
Tank
Residential
Tank
THAMMASANDRA
192
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
AGRAHARA
45,69
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
10
KANAKAPURA
446
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
11
KANAKAPURA
428,435,436
PS
Residential
PS
12
KANAKAPURA
505
Agriculture
Agriculture
Tank
13
KANAKAPURA
448
Agriculture
Agriculture
Tank
14
ARALALU
157,176
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
15
ARALALU
118
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
16
ARALALU
141
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
17
ARALALU
125
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
18
ARALALU
209,137
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
19
BEKUPPE
Tank
Residential
Tank
20
CHOKASANDRA
1,2,3 etc
Residential
Agriculture
Residential
21
ARALALU
Tank
Transport
Tank
Sky Group
P a g e | xxiii
Annexures
22
SHIVANAHALLI
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
23
KALLAHALLI
135
Agriculture
PS
Tank
CONURBATION 4 - SATHANUR
SL.No
Village Name
Survey No
Existing Landuse
IMP Landuse
Master Plan Landuse
ANAMANAHALLI
41,42,159,160
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
ANAMANAHALLI
138,139
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
ANAMANAHALLI
85
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
ANAMANAHALLI
10
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
ANAMANAHALLI
Tank
Residential
Tank
SATHANUR
256
Tank
Residential
Tank
SATHANUR
207
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
SATHANUR
335
Tank
Park
Tank
SATHANUR
184
Tank
Residential
Tank
10
SATHANUR
227
Tank
Residential
Tank
11
SATHANUR
Tank
Residential
Tank
Sky Group
P a g e | xxiv
Annexures
12
SATHANUR
170
Park
Residential
Park
13
SATHANUR
83
Tank
Industrial
Tank
14
SATHANUR
52
Tank
Park
Tank
15
DESHOHALLI
37
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
16
SATHANUR
312
Tank
Park
Tank
17
YADUGOWDANAHALLI
21
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
18
SATHANUR
297
Tank
Residential
Tank
19
SATHANUR
295,316
Agriculture
Residential
Tank
20
ANAMANAHALLI
69,86
Residential
PS
Residential
Sky Group
P a g e | xxv
Kanakapura Planning Authority

Municipal Khata .No.297/271,
Ranganatha Swamy Devasthana Road,
Kanakapura-562117, Ramanagara District
Email: member_plan2009@bsnl.in
Phone NO -27526208
Web: www.kanakapura-pa.in

Kanakapura LPA Provisional Zoning Regulations

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Kanakapura LPA Provisional Zoning Regulations

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Provisional Approval

Bangalore Metropolitan Region Development Authority

Salient Features of Kanakapura LPA

1.2 REGIONAL SETTING

1.3 PHYSIOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE

1.4 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

1.5 INTRODUCTION TO LPA

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

2. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND ECONOMIC

2.1 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTER

2.2 ECONOMIC BASE

2.3 HERITAGE AND TOURISM

3. HOUSING AND URBAN POOR

3.2 HOUSING SHORTAGE / DEMAND

3.3 URBAN POOR AND SLUMS

4. EXISTING LANDUSE AND TRANSPORTATION

4.1 EXISTING LAND UTILISATION

4.2 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION

5.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

5.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

6.1 POLLUTION: GENERATION AND CONSEQUENCES

6.2 RAIN WATER HARVESTING

6.3 DISASTER MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES

8. VISUALISING THE FUTURE

8.1 INTERIM MASTER PLAN PROJECTIONS- 2021

8.2 POPULATION GROWTH TREND IN KANAKAPURA LPA

8.3 FACTORS AIDING POPULATION GROWTH

8.4. POPULATION PROJECTION

8.5 AREA REQUIREMENT

8.6 POPULATION DENSITY 2031

8.7 HOUSING REQUIREMENT

8.8 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT

8.9 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT

8.10 PARTICIPATORY APPROACH

8.11 S.W.O.T ANALYSIS

8.12 VISION 2031

9. MASTER PLAN PROPOSALS

9.1 COMPONENTS OF THE MASTER PLAN

9.2 MASTER PLAN OBJECTIVES

9.4 STRATEGY FOR OBTAINING LAND FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES

9.5 BASIC CONSIDERATION FOR PROPOSAL

9.6.1 PROPOSED LANDUSE PLAN 2031

9.6.2 PROPOSED TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION PLAN 2031

9.6.3 ROAD WIDENING AND BUILDING LINES

9.6.4 REVISED STRUCTURE PLAN 2031 POLICIES AND

10. PHASING OF DEVELOPMENT

11. ENFORCEMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND

11.2 MONITORING AND EVALUATION

11.3 FISCAL PLAN FOR 2031

12. ZONING REGULATIONS

12.2 ZONING OF LAND USE

12.3 ZONING REGULATIONS: REGULATIONS FOR DIFFERENT USES

12.4. SUB-DIVISION REGULATIONS

Kanakapura LPA in the context of BMR

Annual Direction of the Wind 1980-1997

Average annual rainfall 2000 - 2010

Monthly mean and mean maximum temperature in the LPA

Monthly mean relative humidity in Kanakapura LPA

Population in Kanakapura Town

Population in Kanakapura LPA

Population growth rate in Kanakapura LPA

Comparison of population growth

Population density in Kanakapura LPA

Urban rural population distribution in the LPA