Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Introduction to ED
Prof. Jarmo Partanen, D.Sc Jukka Lassila
Topics of lectures
Introduction to Electricity Distribution, 27.10 (12.30 16), 6426
Methods for electrical, economic and reliability calculations, 28.10 (12.15-16), 6426
Strategic planning of electricity distribution network, 3.11 (12.15-14), 6426
Planning of primary substations and medium voltage networks 4.11 (12.15-16), 6311
Structures and planning of distribution substations and low voltage networks, 18.11 (12.3016), 6311
Short circuit and earth fault protection of distribution networks 21.11 (8.15-12), 6311
Operation of distribution systems 24.11 (12.30-16), 6426
Electricity distribution automation, 1.12 (10.15 -14), 6426
Smart Grids, 2.12 (12.30-16), 6311
Introduction to ED
Local 110 kV networks
Primary substations 110/20 kV (110/10 kV)
Medium voltage networks 20 kV (10 kV)
Distribution substations 20/0,4 kV
Low voltage networks 1.0, 0.4 kV
Industrial networks 20, 10, 6, 3, 0,6, 0,5, 0,4 kV
Electricity distribution network
radially operated
a lot of lines and nodes
low prices of components (compared to transmission level)
a lot of similar design and construction tasks
well analysed cases
principles
Background
400 V
20 kV
110/20 kV
Primary
substation
(10...30 MVA)
20 kV
400 V
Mostly overhead lines (400 V, 20 kV, 110 kV), 3-phase system at all voltage
levels
Feeders, in Finland:
Total 350 000 km of distribution lines:
400 V low voltage (62 %) and 20 kV medium voltage (38 %) lines
MV (20 kV): 30-50 km/feeder
LV (400 V): 116 m/customer
Lappeenranta University of Technology
- 16 000 customers
- 112 km 20 kV
- Peak power 45 MW
- Cabling rate 72 %
- 11 000 customers
- 430 km of 20 kV network
- Peak power 50 MW
- Cabling rate 12 %
MARTINKYL
110/20 kV
110/20 kV
20/0.4 kV distribution
substation (30200 kVA)
KALLBCK
20 kV underground cable
450 000
110/20 kV
LANDBO
Number of customers
400 000
350 000
300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
1)
2)
10 miles
100 000
20 kV overhead line
50 000
0
110/20 kV
20/0.4 kV
20 kV
Road
500 m = 0.3
miles
20 kV overhead line
7
110/20 kV
NEED FOR..
MARTINKYL
= 20/0.4 kV
distribution
substation
20 kV
20 kV
400 V
400 V
MASSBY
KALLBCK
LANDBO
20 kV
400 V
20 kV medium voltage network
400 V
20/0.4 kV distribution
substation (30200 kVA)
400 V ABC
line
400 V
(3-phase system)
AMR
400 V
Road
150 feet
20 kV
400 V underground cable
Lappeenranta University of (3~)
Technology
10
Elenia
Fortum
E.ON
85 companies
10 biggest, customers:
Fortum Shknjakelu Oy
Helsingin Energia
Vattenfall Siirto Oy
Espoon Shk Oyj
Tampereen Shklaitos
Uudenmaan Shkverkko Oy
Savon Voima Oyj
Jrvi-Suomen Energia Oy
Vantaan Energia Oy
Pohjois-Karjalan Shk Oy
403374
318 695
183 464
119 560
117 976
109 447
99 562
88 213
84 760
80 177
11
1-busbar system
1-busbar system
2-busbar system
double-busbar system
20 kv feeder shells
circuit breaker
disconnectors
CT; load current, protection, zero current coils
protection relays; short circuit, earth fault, recloser,
voltage measurement cell
busbar voltage measurement
earth fault protection, neutral voltage, open delta connection
12
PM1
25 MVA
Teknikum
2 MW
Nybacka
1 MW
Myllynummi
2.0 MW
Koff
4.5 MW
Sorsakorpi
1.5 MW
Nissil
2.5 MW
Alikerava II
PM2
16 MVA
Alikerava I
Varayhteys
uudelle
asemalle
SA1_10
Varayhteys
uudelle
asemalle
SA1_8
Omakytt Koff
SA1_22
SA1_20
Kilta
SA1_18
Jspilnpiha
SA1_16
SA1_21
SA1_19
SA1_17
SA1_15
SA1_13
SA1_11
SA1_9
SA1_7
SA1_5
SA1_3
Sytt
uudelta
asemalta
II
Peltomenkatu
Keskusta
Sompio
Kannisto
Sampola
Savio
Ifi/Stowe
Voimala
SA1_14
Lapila
SA1_12
SA1_4
Sytt
uudelta
asemalta I
SA1_2
13
14
15
Introduction to ED distribution
substations
Disconnector between 20 kv line and transformer
Substation + transformer
pole mounted substations in overhead networks
bad mounted or building substations in cable networks
16
Introduction to ED
low voltage networks
3-phase system, neutral (neutral conductor) earthed
Radial network, rarely backup connections
AMKA-conductors (aerial bundled cable) in rural areas
16120 mm2, 1015 k/km
17
Neutral conductor
MV branch line
Switchgear/
Circuit breaker
Fuses
MV trunk line, e.g. 11 kV
Sectionaliser, recloser
KJ
MV-lines
Trunk line: 3 phases + neutral
Branch line: 1, 2 or 3 phases + neutral
LV
LV (127 V)
a)
b)
23.10.2014
Lappeenranta University of Technology
c)
MV-lines in Canada, 11 kV
1-phase 11 kV line
23.10.2014
Lappeenranta University of Technology
MV-lines in Canada, 11 kV
Fuse
1-phase
transformer
Neutral
conductor
23.10.2014
Lappeenranta University of Technology
MV-lines in Canada, 11 kV
Fuses
3-phase
transformer
23.10.2014
Lappeenranta University of Technology
losses
main 20 kv overhead lines
thermal capacity
main 20 kv and 0,4 kv lines in cable networks
short-circuit current
conductors of 20 kv branch lines near to feeding point (110/20 kv primary
substation)
reliability
medium voltage networks and primary substations
economy
always important
Lappeenranta University of Technology
23