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FEDERICO VILLARREAL
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
CIVIL
DISEO DE VIGAS Y COLUMNAS DE
CONCRETO ARMADO
N2
DATOS DE LA ESTRUCTURA
TABLA DE VARIABLES (*)
C
A
P
A
C
I
D
A
D
P
O
R
T
A
N
Z
U T
O
NLLLLLS
E
N
1 2 3 4 5 O D
A
E
L
S
U
E
L
O
q
P
N
I R
S VT
UE I
ELC
L O
OD
ED
L E
OD
CI D
AS I
LES
E
O
O
H
16767
O
....
S
26767 P
. . . . 5I
.
T
36767 A
.... L
(
K
g/
c
m
2
)
3.
0
2.
2 5
S
7
2
S
6
2 2
2. S
5
2 3
PLANTA TPICA
ELEVACIN
A. LOSA ALIGERADA.
NOTA:
- El sentido del aligerado ser paralelo al de la menor luz.
REA TRIBUTARIA
h=
L 6.0
=
20 20
Entonces usamos,
h = 0.30 m
h = 0.25 m
- Una vez definida la altura de la losa aligerada, para determinar la carga de
la losa segn el espesor vamos a la siguiente tabla:
Losas aligeradas armadas en una sola direccin de concreto armado
Con vigueta 0.10 m de ancho y 0.40 m entre ejes (*)
Espesor del
aligerado (m)
Espesor de losa
superior (m)
0.17
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Peso propio
Kpa
(Kgf/m2)
2.8 (280)
3.0 (300)
3.5 (350)
4.2 (420)
pp.
=
pm. =
ptab. =
=
350
100
100
550
Kg/m2
Kg/m2
Kg/m2
Kg/m2
B. VIGAS.
Las vigas principales y secundarias tendrn las mismas dimensiones iguales a:
L = Mayor luz de los ejes principales
L = 7.5 m
h
L 7.5
=
=0.625
12 12
Entonces usamos,
h = 0.6 m
Tambin,
h 0.6
b =
=0.3
2 2
Usamos,
b = 0.3 m
V (0.30 x 0.60)
C. COLUMNAS.
- Se dimensionar con la columna con la carga crtica por gravedad, esto
luego se generalizar a todas las columnas, porque las columnas perifricas
sern gruesas para tomar las cargas de sismo por volteo.
La cargaen un nivel cualquiera de una columna de mayor reatributaria=carga muerta (aligerado+ viga+ colu
OCUPACIN O USO
Hospitales
Salas de operaciones, laboratorios y zonas de servicio
Cuartos
Corredores y escaleras
3.0 (300)
2.0 (200)
4.0 (400)
P
0.45 f 'c
Donde:
Ag
= rea bruta
f c
= 2400 Kg/m3
= 3.00 m
=7
= 7.00 x 5.75
CARGA MUERTA
CARGA VIVA
Aligerado
Vigas
Columnas
Sobrecarga
=
=
=
=
P = 223721.75 Kg
Si,
A g=
223721.75 Kg
0.45 210 Kg/cm2
Entonces,
Ag = 2367 cm2
ALIGERADO
VIGAS
COLUMNAS
METRADO DE CARGAS
A. CARGAS DE SISMO
DATOS:
- Uso
- Ubicacin
- Suelo local
TABLA N 1
FACTORES DE ZONA
3
2
1
Tipo
S1
S2
S3
S4
Tabla N2
Parmetros del Suelo
Descripcin
Roca o suelos muy rgidos
Suelos intermedios
Suelos flexibles o con estratos de gran espesor
Condiciones excepcionales
Z
0.4
0.3
0.15
Tp(s)
0.4
0.6
0.9
*
S
1
1.2
1.4
*
Tabla N3*
CATEGORA DE LAS EDIFICACIONES
DESCRIPCIN
CATEGORA
A
Edificaciones esenciales cuya funcin no debera interrumpirse
Edificaciones
inmediatamente despus que ocurra un sismo, como hospitales.
Esenciales
FACTOR U
1.5
Sistema Estructural
Coeficientes de Reduccin R
Para estructura regulares
Concreto Armado
Prticos(1)
Tp
; C 2.5
T
ZUCS
P
R
hn
CT
Donde:
CT = 0.35 para edificios cuyos elementos resistentes en la direccin
considerada sean nicamente prticos.
21
=0.6
35
C=2.5
0.6
=2.5; C 2.5, CUMPLE
0.6
C 2.5
=
=0.3125 0.125, CUMPLE
R 0.8
AT = 27.50 x 16.50
AT = 453.75 m2
- Peso total de la estructura (P): Consideramos una reduccin de la carga
viva (CV), en nuestro caso adoptamos el 25%.
P= Pi
Donde:
Pi = Peso concentrado en el piso de nivel i.
Hallamos primero para P1,
CARGA MUERTA
CARGA VIVA
Aligerado
Vigas
Columnas
Sobrecarga
=
=
=
=
P1=[ 550 x 27.50 x 15.50+2400 x 0.30 x 0.60 ( 4 x 27.50+5 x 16.50 ) +2400 x 0.30 x 0.80 ( 3.00 ) 20+300 x 0.25 x 45
P1=[ 234437.50+83160.00+34560.00+34031.25 ]
P1 = 386 188.75 Kg
Entonces el peso total de la estructura,
PTOTAL = 386188.75 x 7
P = PTOTAL = 2 703 321.25 Kg
Todos los niveles de igual peso.
Con los datos hallados y reemplazando datos, hallamos la Cortante basal (V),
V=
ZUCS
P
R
Z
U
C
S
R
P
80% de la Cortante basal
V
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.3
1.5
2.5
1.2
8
2703321.25
0.80
364948.3688
V = 364948.37 Kg
V = 364.95 Tn
Pi h i
Pi hi
Tenemos,
NIVE
L
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Pi (Kg)
386188.7
5
386188.7
5
386188.7
5
386188.7
5
386188.7
5
386188.7
5
386188.7
5
hi (m)
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
Pihi
Pihi (Kgm)
1158566.25
2317132.5
0
3475698.7
5
4634265.0
0
5792831.2
5
6951397.5
0
8109963.7
5
32439855.
Pi hi
Pihi
32439855.
00
32439855.
00
32439855.
00
32439855.
00
32439855.
00
32439855.
00
32439855.
00
P i hVi (Kg)
0.03571
4
0.07142
9
0.10714
3
0.14285
7
0.17857
1
0.21428
6
0.25000
0
364948.36
9
364948.36
9
364948.36
9
364948.36
9
364948.36
9
364948.36
9
364948.36
9
V (Tn)
364.948
4
364.948
4
364.948
4
364.948
4
364.948
4
364.948
4
364.948
4
Fi =
Fi =
Pi h i
P h i (Tn)
Fi V
= i Fi
V
hEni el
Pi hi Piprtico
2(*)
(Kg)
(Tn)
13033.87
13.03
3.26
26067.74
26.07
6.52
39101.61
39.10
9.78
52135.48
52.14
13.03
65169.35
65.17
16.29
78203.22
78.20
19.55
91237.09
91.24
22.81
364948.37
364.95
00
Fi = V = 364.95
CUMPLE
B. CARGA MUERTA
- Anlisis en el prtico 2:
Carga muerta
(Tn/m)
WD
3.595
3.595
3.595
3.595
C. CARGA VIVA
Previamente al metrado se realizara una reduccin de carga viva segn Norma
E.020 del RNE.
REDUCCION DE CARGA VIVA
Las cargas vivas mnimas repartidas indicadas en la TABLA 1 podrn
reducirse, de acuerdo a la siguiente expresin:
Lr=Lo 0.25+
4.6
Ai
Donde:
Lr
Lo
Ai
= rea de influencia del elemento estructural en m2 que se calculara
mediante:
Ai = k At
At
CARGAS REPARTIDAS
Kpa (Kgf /m2)
Hospitales
Salas de operaciones, laboratorios y zonas de servicio
Cuartos
Corredores y escaleras
3.0 (300)
2.0 (200)
4.0 (400)
TABLA 3*
Factor de Carga Viva sobre el Elemento
ELEMENTO
Columna y muros
Vigas interiores
Vigas de borde
Vigas en volado
Vigas de borde que soportan volados
Tijerales principales que soportan techos livianos
Lozas macizas o nervadas en dos direcciones
Lozas macizas o nervadas en una direccin
Vigas prefabricadas aisladas o no conectadas
monolticamente a otros elementos paralelos
Vigas de acero o de madera no conectadas por corte
al diafragma de piso
Vigas isostticas
FACTOR k
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
De h),
Con,
k=2
Ai > 40 m2
Lr > 0.5 Lo
Ancho tributario < 1.5 l
REAS TRIBUTARIAS POR TRAMOS
TRAMO 1 de 6.5 m:
TRAMO 2 de 7.5 m:
TRAMO 3 de 6.5 m:
TRAMO 4 de 7.0 m:
Segn,
Lr=Lo 0.25+
4.6
Ai
Tenemos,
Claro
libre
del
tramo
Ancho
tributar
io
(m)
TRAM
OS
l
(m)
Factor
de
carga
viva
rea
tributaria
del
elemento
rea de
influencia
del
elemento
estructural
Intensidad
de
carga viva
sin reducir
k=2
At
(m2)
Ai
(m2)
Lo
(Kg/m2)
Intensidad
de carga
viva
reducida
Carga viva
(Kg/m)
4.6
A
Carga
viva
(Tn/m)
WD = Lr x Ancho
tributario i
WD
1349.04
1285.66
1349.04
1315.65
1.35
1.29
1.35
1.32
Lr=Lo 0.25+
(Kg/m2)
1
2
3
4
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
6.5
7.5
6.5
7.0
2
2
2
2
37.38
43.13
37.38
40.25
74.75
86.25
74.75
80.5
300
300
300
300
234.61
223.59
234.61
228.81
TRAMOS
Ancho
tributario
(m)
Ancho
tributario < 1.5 l
(m)
1
2
3
4
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
9.75
11.25
9.75
10.5
Limitacin
Ai
(m2)
Cumple 74.75
Cumple 86.25
Cumple 74.75
Cumple 80.5
Ai > 40
(m2)
Limitacin
Lr
(Kg/m2)
Lr > 0.5 Lo
(Kg/m2)
Limitacin
40
40
40
40
Cumple
Cumple
Cumple
Cumple
234.61
223.59
234.61
228.81
150
150
150
150
Cumple
Cumple
Cumple
Cumple
Fi
(Tn)
En el prtico 2
3.26
6.52
9.78
13.03
16.29
19.55
22.81
Carga muerta
(Tn/m)
WD
3.595
3.595
3.595
3.595
Carga viva
(Tn/m)
WL
1.35
1.29
1.35
1.32
DIAGRAMAS
CARGAS DE SISMO
ANLISIS ESTRUCTURAL
reas e inercias en la direccin principal de columnas y vigas. Considerando
la reduccin de inercias de 0.70 y 0.35 para las inercias de columnas y vigas
respectivamente y luego el Modulo de Elasticidad y Modulo de Corte.
COLUMNAS
A C =b x h
I C =0.70 x
VIGAS
A V =b x h
b xh
12
I V =0.35 x
bxh
12
Donde:
AC
rea de la columna
AV
rea de la viga
IC
Inercia de la columna
IV
Inercia de la viga
0.70 =
0.35 =
Mdulo de Elasticidad
Mdulo de corte
nn
e
dr
ec
i
ia
n(
em
r4
c)
i
a
C
0
O 0
.
L 0. 0
0
U .0.
0
M0021 7
8
N 42 0
9
A 8
6
S
0
0
V
.
0. 0
I
0
.0.
G 00
0
10 3
A
1
85 5
S
8
4
9
Y consideramos:
E = 2 173 700 Tn/m2
G = 0.4 x E = 869 480 Tn/m2
CARGA MUERTA
Fuerzas en los Elementos (convencin de resistencia de materiales)
Ni
Nj
Mi
Mcentro
Mj
Vi
Vj
e
(Tn)
(Tn)
(Tn.m) (Tn.m) (Tn.m)
(Tn)
(Tn)
1 -82.419
-82.419
3.194
-1.278
-5.750 -2.981 -2.981
2 -70.790
-70.790
6.643
0.180
-6.284 -4.309 -4.309
3 -59.063
-59.063
6.446
-0.012
-6.470 -4.305 -4.305
4 -47.270
-47.270
6.476
-0.030
-6.536 -4.337 -4.337
5 -35.427
-35.427
6.569
0.042
-6.484 -4.351 -4.351
6 -23.536
-23.536
6.779
0.123
-6.533 -4.437 -4.437
7 -11.615
-11.615
6.850
-2.681 -12.211 -6.354 -6.354
8 -175.455 -175.455
1.164
-0.406
-1.976 -1.047 -1.047
9 -150.233 -150.233
2.059
0.001
-2.057 -1.372 -1.372
10 -125.117 -125.117
2.264
-0.003
-2.269 -1.511 -1.511
11 -100.066 -100.066
2.272
-0.032
-2.336 -1.536 -1.536
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
-75.067
-50.113
-25.204
-176.239
-151.066
-125.891
-100.726
-75.563
-50.415
-25.239
-169.319
-145.032
-120.808
-96.627
-72.478
-48.358
-24.264
-88.606
-76.054
-63.434
-50.761
-38.051
-25.302
-12.541
1.328
1.653
1.074
1.609
-0.004
0.135
0.238
-0.082
0.032
0.057
0.032
0.032
0.014
0.015
-0.019
-75.067
-50.113
-25.204
-176.239
-151.066
-125.891
-100.726
-75.563
-50.415
-25.239
-169.319
-145.032
-120.808
-96.627
-72.478
-48.358
-24.264
-88.606
-76.054
-63.434
-50.761
-38.051
-25.302
-12.541
1.328
1.653
1.074
1.609
-0.004
0.135
0.238
-0.082
0.032
0.057
0.032
0.032
0.014
0.015
-0.019
2.351
2.601
2.112
-0.896
-2.292
-2.024
-2.086
-2.101
-2.020
-2.466
0.167
1.318
0.663
0.740
0.682
0.309
1.577
-3.638
-7.806
-7.424
-7.466
-7.540
-7.681
-7.971
-12.393
-16.787
-12.752
-14.632
-12.730
-16.771
-12.713
-14.427
-12.946
-16.773
-12.687
-14.239
-13.105
-16.761
-12.670
0.044
-0.089
-0.888
0.418
-0.109
0.006
-0.019
0.018
-0.135
0.707
-0.229
0.119
-0.057
0.020
-0.100
0.303
-0.132
1.486
-0.269
-0.009
-0.002
-0.043
-0.214
3.096
6.414
8.495
6.266
7.495
6.396
8.486
6.288
7.460
6.397
8.487
6.282
7.464
6.397
8.488
6.286
-2.263
-2.779
-3.888
1.733
2.074
2.035
2.048
2.137
1.750
3.881
-0.626
-1.080
-0.777
-0.700
-0.883
0.296
-1.842
6.611
7.268
7.406
7.461
7.454
7.254
14.163
-12.752
-16.777
-12.688
-14.417
-12.450
-16.811
-12.683
-14.692
-12.232
-16.808
-12.722
-14.872
-12.074
-16.818
-12.731
-1.538
-1.793
-2.000
0.876
1.455
1.353
1.378
1.413
1.257
2.116
-0.264
-0.799
-0.480
-0.480
-0.522
-0.004
-1.140
3.416
5.025
4.943
4.976
4.998
4.978
7.378
11.628
13.483
11.694
12.613
11.727
13.476
11.688
12.545
11.794
13.477
11.678
12.492
11.842
13.474
11.674
-1.538
-1.793
-2.000
0.876
1.455
1.353
1.378
1.413
1.257
2.116
-0.264
-0.799
-0.480
-0.480
-0.522
-0.004
-1.140
3.416
5.025
4.943
4.976
4.998
4.978
7.378
-11.739
-13.480
-11.674
-12.552
-11.641
-13.487
-11.679
-12.620
-11.574
-13.486
-11.689
-12.673
-11.525
-13.489
-11.693
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
0.023
0.086
0.342
0.498
-0.020
1.916
2.123
1.264
2.400
-6.354
-8.354
-6.238
-7.378
0.023
0.086
0.342
0.498
-0.020
1.916
2.123
1.264
2.400
-6.354
-8.354
-6.238
-7.378
-14.113
-13.263
-16.780
-12.647
-13.969
-13.383
-16.728
-12.647
-13.973
-12.211
-16.547
-12.893
-14.451
7.462
6.397
8.486
6.274
7.467
6.376
8.482
6.317
7.421
6.551
8.617
6.235
7.712
-15.002
-11.915
-16.804
-12.777
-15.135
-11.837
-16.863
-12.692
-15.224
-12.659
-16.774
-12.609
-14.163
12.456
11.891
13.478
11.664
12.416
11.922
13.463
11.677
12.404
11.615
13.451
11.727
12.624
-12.709
-11.476
-13.484
-11.704
-12.749
-11.446
-13.499
-11.691
-12.761
-11.753
-13.511
-11.640
-12.541
CARGA VIVA
Fuerzas en los Elementos (convencin de resistencia de materiales)
Ni
Nj
Mi
Mcentro
Mj
Vi
Vj
e
(Tn)
(Tn)
(Tn.m) (Tn.m) (Tn.m)
(Tn)
(Tn)
1 -30.939 -30.939
1.196
-0.480
-2.156
-1.117 -1.117
2 -26.572 -26.572
2.498
0.070
-2.359 -1.619 -1.619
3 -22.169 -22.169
2.416
-0.004
-2.425 -1.614 -1.614
4 -17.742 -17.742
2.428
-0.010
-2.449 -1.626 -1.626
5 -13.297 -13.297
2.462
0.015
-2.432 -1.631 -1.631
6
-8.835
-8.835
2.536
0.050
-2.437 -1.658 -1.658
7
-4.362
-4.362
2.574
-1.003
-4.581 -2.385 -2.385
8 -64.324 -64.324
0.375
-0.124
-0.623 -0.333 -0.333
9 -55.079 -55.079
0.621
-0.005
-0.631 -0.417 -0.417
10 -45.871 -45.871
0.714
0.001
-0.712 -0.475 -0.475
11 -36.687 -36.687
0.713
-0.012
-0.737 -0.483 -0.483
12 -27.522 -27.522
0.741
0.018
-0.705 -0.482 -0.482
13 -18.373 -18.373
0.838
-0.041
-0.921 -0.586 -0.586
14 -9.240
-9.240
0.627
-0.286
-1.198 -0.608 -0.608
15 -64.613 -64.613
-0.277
0.129
0.534
0.270
0.270
16 -55.385 -55.385
-0.706
-0.034
0.638
0.448
0.448
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
-46.156
-36.930
-27.705
-18.484
-9.252
-62.840
-53.825
-44.834
-35.859
-26.897
-17.946
-9.006
-32.538
-27.929
-23.295
-18.642
-13.974
-9.292
-4.605
0.502
0.587
0.409
0.590
-0.005
0.053
0.084
-0.029
0.012
0.020
0.012
0.012
0.006
0.004
-0.006
0.008
0.026
0.131
0.178
-0.006
-46.156
-36.930
-27.705
-18.484
-9.252
-62.840
-53.825
-44.834
-35.859
-26.897
-17.946
-9.006
-32.538
-27.929
-23.295
-18.642
-13.974
-9.292
-4.605
0.502
0.587
0.409
0.590
-0.005
0.053
0.084
-0.029
0.012
0.020
0.012
0.012
0.006
0.004
-0.006
0.008
0.026
0.131
0.178
-0.006
-0.624
-0.642
-0.647
-0.622
-0.756
0.039
0.426
0.195
0.222
0.201
0.067
0.518
-1.336
-2.866
-2.727
-2.742
-2.770
-2.823
-2.929
-4.654
-6.027
-4.783
-5.375
-4.776
-6.021
-4.773
-5.297
-4.854
-6.022
-4.765
-5.227
-4.911
-6.018
-4.760
-5.180
-4.968
-6.025
-4.753
-5.127
0.001
-0.006
0.005
-0.041
0.218
-0.073
0.041
-0.020
0.008
-0.036
0.107
-0.032
0.546
-0.098
-0.003
0.000
-0.016
-0.078
1.137
2.411
3.045
2.357
2.751
2.404
3.042
2.364
2.738
2.404
3.042
2.362
2.740
2.404
3.043
2.363
2.739
2.405
3.042
2.360
2.741
0.626
0.630
0.657
0.540
1.193
-0.186
-0.343
-0.235
-0.207
-0.272
0.147
-0.581
2.428
2.670
2.721
2.742
2.738
2.667
5.203
-4.783
-6.024
-4.762
-5.294
-4.676
-6.035
-4.758
-5.396
-4.597
-6.034
-4.770
-5.463
-4.540
-6.037
-4.772
-5.512
-4.482
-6.032
-4.788
-5.561
0.417
0.424
0.435
0.387
0.650
-0.075
-0.257
-0.143
-0.143
-0.158
0.027
-0.366
1.255
1.845
1.816
1.828
1.836
1.830
2.710
4.368
4.838
4.391
4.632
4.403
4.836
4.390
4.606
4.427
4.836
4.387
4.586
4.445
4.835
4.386
4.573
4.462
4.837
4.382
4.558
0.417
0.424
0.435
0.387
0.650
-0.075
-0.257
-0.143
-0.143
-0.158
0.027
-0.366
1.255
1.845
1.816
1.828
1.836
1.830
2.710
-4.407
-4.837
-4.384
-4.608
-4.372
-4.839
-4.385
-4.634
-4.348
-4.839
-4.388
-4.654
-4.330
-4.840
-4.389
-4.667
-4.313
-4.838
-4.393
-4.682
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
0.728
0.750
0.487
0.881
-2.385
-2.994
-2.344
-2.710
0.728
0.750
0.487
0.881
-2.385
-2.994
-2.344
-2.710
-5.011
-6.004
-4.756
-5.126
-4.581
-5.945
-4.834
-5.308
2.396
3.042
2.374
2.724
2.466
3.084
2.350
2.830
-4.457
-6.052
-4.756
-5.595
-4.747
-6.027
-4.726
-5.203
4.473
4.831
4.388
4.553
4.362
4.827
4.404
4.635
-4.302
-4.844
-4.387
-4.687
-4.413
-4.848
-4.371
-4.605
CARGA DE SISMO
Fuerzas en los Elementos (convencin de resistencia de materiales)
Ni
Nj
Mi
Mcentro
Mj
Vi
Vj
e
(Tn)
(Tn)
(Tn.m) (Tn.m) (Tn.m)
(Tn)
(Tn)
1 42.942
42.942 -60.237 -35.736 -11.236 16.334 16.334
2 36.729
36.729 -31.596 -11.397
8.803
13.466 13.466
3 28.547
28.547 -17.992
-0.477
17.038 11.677 11.677
4 20.312
20.312
-9.923
5.058
20.040
9.988
9.988
5 12.992
12.992
-3.926
8.087
20.100
8.009
8.009
6
7.115
7.115
0.852
9.462
18.073
5.740
5.740
7
2.890
2.890
4.255
6.914
9.573
1.773
1.773
8 -10.508 -10.508 -63.600 -34.012
-4.425 19.725 19.725
9
-8.897
-8.897
-41.709 -11.044 19.620 20.443 20.443
10 -6.817
-6.817
-29.662
-0.509
28.645 19.436 19.436
11 -4.763
-4.763
-21.103
4.834
30.771 17.291 17.291
12 -2.977
-2.977
-13.600
7.784
29.168 14.256 14.256
13 -1.588
-1.588
-6.620
8.815
24.250 10.290 10.290
14 -0.659
-0.659
-1.772
7.907
17.585
6.452
6.452
15 9.979
9.979
-63.441 -33.954
-4.467 19.658 19.658
16 8.511
8.511
-41.463 -11.018 19.428 20.297 20.297
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
6.574
4.633
2.921
1.564
0.603
-5.187
-4.463
-3.492
-2.498
-1.600
-0.863
-0.293
-37.226
-31.880
-24.812
-17.684
-11.337
-6.228
-2.541
-0.393
-1.111
-1.750
-2.826
-4.731
-3.723
-2.804
-1.855
-8.091
-5.947
-3.826
-1.641
-11.051
-8.015
-4.986
-1.874
-14.022
-10.056
-6.211
-2.137
6.574
4.633
2.921
1.564
0.603
-5.187
-4.463
-3.492
-2.498
-1.600
-0.863
-0.293
-37.226
-31.880
-24.812
-17.684
-11.337
-6.228
-2.541
-0.393
-1.111
-1.750
-2.826
-4.731
-3.723
-2.804
-1.855
-8.091
-5.947
-3.826
-1.641
-11.051
-8.015
-4.986
-1.874
-14.022
-10.056
-6.211
-2.137
-29.591
-21.041
-13.573
-6.718
-1.759
-63.445
-42.337
-30.390
-21.773
-14.163
-7.034
-2.067
-59.173
-30.842
-17.056
-9.038
-3.189
1.405
4.629
20.360
17.261
19.746
18.547
26.795
22.891
26.142
24.536
26.961
23.185
26.413
24.747
23.966
20.759
23.563
22.041
19.248
16.835
19.010
17.738
-0.523
4.847
7.771
8.859
7.906
-33.763
-11.040
-0.518
4.820
7.762
8.779
7.926
-35.570
-11.478
-0.474
5.083
8.120
9.509
6.848
0.168
0.005
0.019
-0.163
0.202
0.007
0.016
-0.203
0.199
0.006
0.017
-0.199
0.177
0.007
0.014
-0.175
0.148
0.006
0.013
-0.143
28.545
30.735
29.115
24.437
17.572
-4.081
20.256
29.353
31.413
29.688
24.593
17.920
-11.967
7.886
16.108
19.203
19.429
17.612
9.067
-20.024
-17.251
-19.708
-18.874
-26.391
-22.877
-26.110
-24.942
-26.563
-23.173
-26.379
-25.145
-23.612
-20.745
-23.535
-22.392
-18.952
-16.823
-18.984
-18.024
19.379
17.259
14.229
10.385
6.444
19.788
20.864
19.914
17.729
14.617
10.542
6.662
15.735
12.909
11.055
9.414
7.539
5.402
1.479
-6.213
-4.601
-6.070
-5.346
-8.183
-6.102
-8.039
-7.068
-8.235
-6.181
-8.122
-7.127
-7.320
-5.534
-7.246
-6.348
-5.877
-4.488
-5.845
-5.109
19.379
17.259
14.229
10.385
6.444
19.788
20.864
19.914
17.729
14.617
10.542
6.662
15.735
12.909
11.055
9.414
7.539
5.402
1.479
-6.213
-4.601
-6.070
-5.346
-8.183
-6.102
-8.039
-7.068
-8.235
-6.181
-8.122
-7.127
-7.320
-5.534
-7.246
-6.348
-5.877
-4.488
-5.845
-5.109
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
-15.582
-11.745
-7.803
-3.923
-21.037
-14.585
-8.142
-1.479
-15.582
-11.745
-7.803
-3.923
-21.037
-14.585
-8.142
-1.479
13.817
12.373
13.842
12.829
9.573
8.374
9.217
8.718
0.085
0.010
0.006
-0.077
0.181
0.010
0.007
-0.174
-13.648
-12.354
-13.831
-12.983
-9.211
-8.354
-9.202
-9.067
-4.225
-3.297
-4.258
-3.687
-2.890
-2.230
-2.834
-2.541
-4.225
-3.297
-4.258
-3.687
-2.890
-2.230
-2.834
-2.541
u
(m)
0.000E+00
0.000E+00
0.000E+00
0.000E+00
0.000E+00
1.014E-02
1.014E-02
1.012E-02
1.009E-02
1.004E-02
3.085E-02
3.077E-02
3.070E-02
3.065E-02
3.062E-02
5.409E-02
5.395E-02
5.384E-02
5.377E-02
5.374E-02
7.607E-02
7.589E-02
q
(rad)
0.000E+00
0.000E+00
0.000E+00
0.000E+00
0.000E+00
-5.505E-03
-5.239E-03
-5.230E-03
-5.201E-03
-5.479E-03
-7.260E-03
-6.940E-03
-6.927E-03
-6.901E-03
-7.247E-03
-7.334E-03
-7.019E-03
-7.008E-03
-6.981E-03
-7.320E-03
-6.554E-03
-6.274E-03
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
7.573E-02
7.565E-02
7.562E-02
9.479E-02
9.456E-02
9.437E-02
9.426E-02
9.422E-02
1.092E-01
1.089E-01
1.087E-01
1.086E-01
1.085E-01
1.194E-01
1.190E-01
1.187E-01
1.186E-01
1.186E-01
1.708E-04
-8.994E-05
-6.418E-04
8.138E-04
-1.953E-04
1.876E-04
-9.913E-05
-7.070E-04
8.548E-04
-2.044E-04
1.966E-04
-1.041E-04
-7.428E-04
8.714E-04
-2.082E-04
2.000E-04
-1.058E-04
-7.574E-04
-6.261E-03
-6.239E-03
-6.537E-03
-5.309E-03
-5.075E-03
-5.064E-03
-5.043E-03
-5.286E-03
-3.851E-03
-3.717E-03
-3.699E-03
-3.691E-03
-3.822E-03
-2.786E-03
-2.499E-03
-2.482E-03
-2.470E-03
-2.767E-03
DISEO DE VIGAS
Primero disearemos la viga a flexin, para esto se definir el momento
de diseo usando las combinaciones de carga. Para esto se hallaran los
momentos en las secciones criticas (mximos momentos) en la envolvente,
PARA NUESTRO CASO ES EL NIVEL 6 DEL PORTICO 2.
N
NIVEL DE
DISEO
PRTICO
DE DISEO
1
2
3
7
6
5
RESISTENCIA REQUERIDA*
La resistencia requerida (U) para cargas muertas (D), cargas vivas (L) y cargas
de sismo (E), ser como mnimo:
U = 1.4 D + 1.7 L
U = 1.25 (D + L) E
U = 0.90 D E
TIPO DE CARGA
MOMENTOS DEBIDO A MOMENTOS DEBIDO A MOMENTOS DEBIDO A
ELEMENTO
56
57
58
59
CARGA DE SISMO
(Tn-m)
Mi
Mcentro
Mj
13.817 0.085 -13.648
12.373 0.010 -12.354
13.842 0.006 -13.831
12.829 -0.077 -12.983
COMBINACIONES
PRIMERA
COEFICIENTES
1.4 D + 1.7 L
1.4
1.7
ELEMENTO
56
MXIMOS MOMENTOS
Mi
Mcentro
Mj
-27.254 38.701 -24.149
COMBINACION
SEGUNDA
COMBINACION
1.25 (D + L) + E
1.25
TERCERA
COMBINACION
1.25 (D + L) - E
1.25
CUARTA
COMBINACION
0.90 D + E
0.9
QUINTA
COMBINACION
0.90 D - E
0.9
57
58
59
56
57
58
59
56
57
58
59
56
57
58
59
56
57
58
59
-33.625
-25.791
-28.277
-9.175
-16.041
-7.911
-11.045
-36.809
-40.788
-35.596
-36.703
1.773
-2.682
2.460
0.253
-25.862
-27.428
-25.225
-25.405
50.808
38.701
44.572
32.645
42.935
32.645
37.630
32.645
42.935
32.645
37.630
17.087
22.750
17.087
19.817
6.417
8.163
6.417
7.277
-33.897
-25.854
-30.825
-34.016
-40.998
-35.642
-39.007
-6.719
-16.290
-7.979
-13.041
-24.301
-27.531
-25.254
-26.684
2.995
-2.823
2.408
-0.719
Para los centros de luz hallamos las cargas ltimas y luego los momentos
ltimos de la siguiente manera:
Wux L
CENTRO DE LUZ =
8
M
ELEMENTO
56
57
58
59
WD
3.595
3.595
3.595
3.595
WL
1.350
1.290
1.350
1.320
6.500
7.500
6.500
7.000
-27.254
38.701
-9.175
32.645
-36.809
32.645
1.773
17.087
6.50
-24.149
6.50
10.25
-33.625
50.808
-34.016
-6.719
-24.301
2.995
-16.041
42.935
-40.788
42.935
-2.682
22.750
-27.428
8.163
14.00
-33.897
-40.998
-16.290
-27.531
-2.823
14.00
17.25
-25.791
38.701
-7.911
32.645
-35.596
32.645
2.460
17.087
-25.225
6.417
20.50
-25.854
-35.642
-7.979
-25.254
2.408
20.50
24.00
-28.277
44.572
-11.045
37.630
-36.703
37.630
0.253
19.817
-25.405
7.277
27.50
-30.825
-39.007
-13.041
-26.684
-0.719
56
57
58
59
-25.862
6.417
VIGA 56
ANLISIS DE SECCIONES POR EL MTODO DE RESISTENCIA LTIMA O ROTURA
DATOS:
b = 0.3
h = 0.6
m
m
f' c = 210
fy = 4200
(1)Mucentro de luz
(+) =
38.70
30
60
210000
Kg/cm2 0
420000
Kg/cm2 000
387000
Tn_m
0
cm
cm
Kg/m2
0.210
Kg/m2
4.200
Kg_cm 3870
PERALTES
d
POR TRACCIN
cm
capa(1) d =
0.54
54
capa(2) d =
0.51
51
d'
capa(1)
d' =
capa(2)
d' =
POR COMPRESIN
cm
0.06
0.09
Tn/c
m2
Tn/c
m2
Tn_c
m
capa(3) d =
0.49
capa(3)
d' =
49
0.11
11
1.7
0.5
945
As=
1.7 f ' c b
q=
fy
q=
As#1 =
As#2 =
As#3 =
2.55
22.70
24.81
26.52
M q
1
dq (dq)2 u
2
945
cm2
cm2
cm2
capa1 = NO
capa2 = SI
capa3 = NO
1000
DATOS:
1 =
3 =
f' c =
fy =
=
0.85
0.85
210
4200
0.90
f'
6000
p b= 1 3 c
fy
6000+ f y
pb = 0.02125
pmx = 0.01062
50%
pmx =0.50 p b
[ (
Rub= pmx f y 1
pmx f y
1.7 f ' c
)]
5
0.01593
pmx = 75
Rub = 35.142
75%
Kg/cm2
4. TABLA:
FALLA BALANCEADA
f'c
175
Kg/cm2
210
Kg/cm2
245
Kg/cm2
pb
0.01771
0.02125
0.02479
0.50pb
0.75pb
0.50pb
0.75pb
0.50pb
0.75pb
0.008855
0.013283
0.010625
0.015938
0.01239
5
0.01859
3
29.288
40.793
35.142
48.948
40.997
57.103
pmx
Rub
5. MOMENTO ULTIMO
BALANCEADO:
De la tabla tenemos:
M ub=Rub b d 2
30742.2
Mub = 22
Mub = 30.742
Kg_m
Tn_m
6. COMPARAMOS:
M ub> M u
Mub > Mu
30.742
SI
38.70 Tn_m
NO
7. Mu1 :
M u 1=M ub
Mu1 = 30.742
8. As1:
A s 1= p mx bd
Tn_m
3074.22
2
Tn_cm
DISEO EN
TRACCION
DISEO EN
COMPRESIN
280
Kg/cm2
0.02833
0.50p
b
0.014
165
46.85
2
0.75p
b
0.021
248
65.25
8
350
Kg/cm2
0.03333
0.50p
b
0.016
667
55.58
8
0.75p
b
0.025
000
77.82
3
As1 = 16.26
cm2
9. Mu2:
M u 2=M uM u 1
Mu2 = 7.958
Tn_m
795.778 Tn_cm
10. As2:
A s 2=
M u2
f y (dd ' )
As2 = 4.68
11. f'sb:
cm2
11
[ (
f ' sb=6000 1
6000
d ' 6000+ f y
d
6000
f'sb = 4800
)]
Kg/cm2
VERIFICAMOS:
f ' sb < f y
f'sb < fy
4800 4200
12. HACEMOS f'sb =
fy:
f ' sb=f y
f'sb = fy
4200 4200
13. HALLAMOS A's:
A 'S = A s 2
fy
f ' sb
CUMP
LE
CUMP
LE
SI
NO
A's = 4.68
cm2
14. As:
A s =A s 1 + A s 2
As = 20.93
cm2
DE TABLA:
As(real) = 23.22
A's(real) = 5.68
cm2
cm2
BARR
AS
6#7
2#6
CAPA
S
2
1
16. VERIFICAMOS
CUANTIAS:
pmx ( real )=
A s(real)
bd
0.01517
pmx(real) = 6
0.00371
p'(real) = 2
p' (real )=
A ' s(real)
bd
pmx <
f ' sb
fy
0.50pb +
p'f'sb/fy
0.01433
0.015176 7
CUMP
LE
CUMP
LE
SI
NO
DE TABLA:
As(real) = 23.22
A's(real) = 7.74
cm2
cm2
BARR
AS
6#7
2#7
CAPA
S
2
1
VERIFICAMOS
CUANTIAS:
pmx(real) =
p'(real) =
0.01517
6
0.00505
9
VERIFICAMOS LA CUANTA
MXIMA:
pmx <
0.015176
CUMP
LE
CUMP
LE
0.50pb +
p'f'sb/fy
0.01568
4
SI
NO
19. RESPUESTA:
b=
0.30
h=
d=
d' =
0.60
51
6
m
m
cm
cm
BARR CAP
AS
AS
6#7
2
2#7
1
57
58
59
0.00
3.25
-27.25
38.70
-9.18
32.65
-36.81
32.65
1.77
17.09
-25.86
6.42
6.50
-24.1
-34.02
-6.72
-24.30
3.00
6.50
10.25
-33.63
50.81
-16.04
42.94
-40.79
42.94
-2.68
22.75
-27.43
8.16
14.00
-33.90
-41.00
-16.29
-27.53
-2.82
14.00
17.25
-25.79
38.70
-7.91
32.65
-35.60
32.65
2.46
17.09
-25.23
6.42
20.50
-25.85
-35.64
-7.98
-25.25
2.401
20.50
24.00
-28.28
44.57
-11.05
37.63
-36.70
37.63
0.25
19.82
-25.41
7.28
27.50
-30.83
-39.01
-13.04
-26.69
-0.72
#
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
11
En el Sistema Ingles
Designacin
Nmero
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
#11
#14
#18
1
1
1
1
111/16
2
Dimetro
Nominal en
in
0.375
0.500
0.625
0.750
0.875
1.000
1.128
1.270
1.410
1.693
2.257
rea
Nominal en
in2
0.11
0.20
0.31
0.44
0.60
0.79
1.00
1.27
1.56
2.25
4.00
Peso en
Lb/pie
0.376
0.668
1.043
1.502
2.044
2.670
3.400
4.303
5.313
7.650
13.600
cada barra
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
adicional
15.0 19.0 23.0 26.5 30.5 34.5 38.0
4.0
16.0 20.0 24.0 28.0 32.5 36.5 40.5
4.0
16.5 21.0 25.5 30.0 34.5 39.0 43.0
4.5
17.0 22.0 26.5 31.5 36.0 41.0 46.0
5.0
1.00 18.0 23.0 28.0 33.0 38.0 43.0 48.5
5.0
PROCEDIMIENTO
59
Mui (-)(3) =
Mui (+)(4) =
Muj (+)(5) =
Mucentro de luz(+)(1) =
Muj (-)(2) =
Mui (-)(3) =
Mui (+)(4) =
Muj (-)(5) =
-35.60
2.46
2.40
44.57
-39.01
-36.70
0.25
-0.72
SECCIONES DISEADAS
ELEMENTO 56
Mucentro de luz(+)(1) =
Muj (-)(2) =
38.70
-34.02
Mui (-)(3) =
Mui (+)(4) =
-36.81
1.77
Muj (+)(5) =
3.00
ELEMENTO 57
Mucentro de luz(+)(1) =
50.81
Muj (-)(2) =
-41.00
Mui (-)(3) =
-40.79
Mui (-)(4) =
-2.68
Muj (-)(5) =
-2.82
ELEMENTO 58
Mucentro de luz(+)(1) =
38.70
Muj (-)(2) =
-35.64
Mui (-)(3) =
-35.60
Mui (+)(4) =
2.46
Muj (+)(5) =
2.40
ELEMENTO 59
Mucentro de luz(+)(1) =
Muj (-)(2) =
44.57
-39.01
Mui (-)(3) =
Mui (+)(4) =
-36.70
0.25
Muj (-)(5) =
-0.72