When looking at networking basics, understanding the way a network operates is t

he first step to understanding routing and switching. The network operates by co

nnecting computers and peripherals using two pieces of equipment; switches and r
outers. Switches and routers, essential networking basics, enable the devices th
at are connected to your network to communicate with each other, as well as with
other networks.
Though they look quite similar, routers and switches perform very different func
tions in a network.
Networking Basics: Switches
Switches are used to connect multiple devices on the same network within a b
uilding or campus. For example, a switch can connect your computers, printers an
d servers, creating a network of shared resources. The switch, one aspect of you
r networking basics, would serve as a controller, allowing the various devices t
o share information and talk to each other. Through information sharing and reso
urce allocation, switches save you money and increase productivity.
There are two basic types of switches to choose from as part of your network
ing basics: managed and unmanaged.
An unmanaged switch works out of the box and does not allow you to make
changes. Home-networking equipment typically offers unmanaged switches.
A managed switch allows you access to program it. This provides greater
flexibility to your networking basics because the switch can be monitored and ad
justed locally or remotely to give you control over network traffic, and who has
access to your network.
Networking Basics: Routers
Routers, the second valuable component of your networking basics, are used t
o tie multiple networks together. For example, you would use a router to connect
your networked computers to the Internet and thereby share an Internet connecti
on among many users. The router will act as a dispatcher, choosing the best rout
e for your information to travel so that you receive it quickly.
Routers analyze the data being sent over a network, change how it is package
d, and send it to another network, or over a different type of network. They con
nect your business to the outside world, protect your information from security
threats, and can even decide which computers get priority over others.
Depending on your business and your networking plans, you can choose from ro
uters that include different capabilities. These can include networking basics s
uch as:
Firewall: Specialized software that examines incoming data and protects
your business network against attacks
Virtual Private Network (VPN): A way to allow remote employees to safely
access your network remotely
IP Phone network : Combine your company's computer and telephone network
, using voice and conferencing technology, to simplify and unify your communicat
ions