FINAL MODULE

LESSON 1:

AGE
An audience may be composed of more or less the same age level or varying ages. The
speech must be attuned to the average age of the audience and embrace in its reach
the minimum and maximum ages of listeners. Age, it has been said, is a measure of the
development of man primarily with reference to hiss cultural evolution. The age of a
person determines his capacity to understand the fund of his knowledge and the depth
of his experiences. The young are adventurous, generally optimistic, and the like to take
chances, older people tend to be conservative , critical and cautious.
SEX
The audience may be male or female, or it may be mixed, it may be a group of gays.
Whatever be the case, the speaker must take into account the sex of his audience.
Because of the disparity in their sexual structures, men and women have different
tastes, interest, attitudes, prejudices, responses, methods of thinking, etc. a common
line of thought is that women tend to be emotional and sensitive, whereas men like to
arrive at conclusions through logical processes, the so called third sex is aligned with
the women more in this regard.
OCCUPATION
The audience may belong to certain occupations. They may be laborers, farmers,
teachers, lawyers, doctors or businessmen,
A speech before laborers should certainly different on type and structures from a
speech before lawyers. If the speaker talks on a topic that is familiar ti the audience, he
need not dwell too much on the basic ideas of the subject. For instances, he need not
define common legal terms to lawyers common medical terms for doctors.
EDUCATION
The audience may consist of elementary school children, or high school students, or
college undergraduates or those college degrees, the type and structure of the speech
should be suited to the educational attainment of the audience. A speech appropriate for
grades school pupils would generally bore or even insult a college audience.

Of course, the speaker should not merely considered the formal schooling of his
audience mature audience that has had no college education but is wise in ways of life
should not be underestimate by the speaker.
EXPERIENCE
The audience may be experienced in the field of the speaker does because of the
audiences experience the speaker should attempt to equalize the situation through
intensive research.
SIZE
Audiences may range from a small intimate group to large crowds. With a small
audience, the speaker can and should be retained in his actions. With a big sixed
audience, speaker needs to speak slower to be understood, to talk louder to be heard
and to be a little more exaggerated with his gestures. A large audience may also mean
that the listeners come from all walks of life.
INTEREST
The members of the audience have their own personal interest. The audience may
consist of a particular group of teachers interested in salary increase, or of a civic club
interested in community development, or of a political association interested in clean
elections, or of a sports group in physical development.
BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES
The beliefs and attitudes of the people are affected by their economical status, social
position, religious and political ideologies. The speaker should also be conscious of the
attitude of the audience toward himself and his subject the audience may be friendly but
may not respect the speaker or vice versa the job of the speaker should do something
about an audience with we-do-not case attitude toward the subject of the speech.
THE OCCASION
The speaker always speaks to an audience on a particular occasion. The content and
structure of a speech should be suit the occasion. He should be aware of the nature and
purpose of the occasion, the program, his role and the speaking environment.
NATURE AND PURPOSE
The nature of your speech must harmonize with the nature and purpose og the
occasion a solemn occasions calls for a solemn delivery.
LESSON 2

FORMS OF PUBLIC ADDRESS

SOCIAL
Responde, farewell, congratulator y, presentation, acceptance, commencement,
dedication, anniversary addresses or eulogies.
PROFESSIONAL
Like lectures or those made inauguration addresses, legislative messages, keynote
addresses or speeches made n demonstration and rallies.
POLICY FORMING
Nomination speeches, inauguration addresses, legislative messages, keynote
addresses or speeches made in demonstration and rallies.

OTHERWAYS OF GROUPING SPEECHES BY SPECIAL OCCATION MAY BE:

CEREMONIAL speeches
Anniversary address, eulogy, presentation of ambassadors to the head of state.
SPEECHES of COURTESY
Awards day, acceptance of an honor, arrival or departure of a visiting official, inaugural
or organization meeting of a club, welcome , farewell.
SPEECHES of DEDICATION
Opening of a church a community center, a park, a bridge, a war memorial.
SPEECHES of COMMEMMORATION
Independence day, thanks giving day, united nations day, constitution day, law day, or
rizal day.
SPEECHE of GOODWILL
After dinner speeches, public relations campaign, luncheon meetings, educational
programs, special demonstration, conventions.
SPEECHES of WELCOME
Welcome remarks set the tone of the program. Start things off in the proper mood and it
will have a reate effect on the rest of the proceedings.

SPEECHES of INTRODUCTION
A principal task of a person introducing the speaker is to create a receptive mood in the
audience toward the speaker and his message.

NOMINATION SPEECH
The nomination speech is similar to the speech of introduction in the that you will talk
about one person whom you are nominating.
PRESENTATION SPEECH
This is the time when you present an award, such as a medal, a trophy or a plaque,
which you have to read before it is given out.
ACCEPTANCE SPEECH
This type of speech is common but is often ignored as something that one need tnot
prepare because nobody really expects to deliver one. At times some people just say
thank you and sitt down.

LESSON 3
THE PROGRAM
A typical program may be:
Opening
The emcee gets the mike and begins the program, often by saying that they will now
begin the program it may start with singing the national anthem or the delivery of an
invocation or both,
Welcome
Welcome remarks are the delivered. If there is no such part of the program, the function
of welcoming is performed by the emcee. Instead of welcome remarks.
Introduction
Someone is asked to introduce the quest speaker. Again the emcee handles the job if
there is no othere person assigned to do it.
Speech
This is the main part of the program the speaker delivers the piece od resistance. The
success of the entire program rest squarely on his shoulders.

Reactions
Reactors, who are person, who are knowledgeable, may follow the speaker to give their
reactions to his speech, but this is optional.
Open forum
When there is no time and occasion allows or requires it, An open forum is conducted.
Questions are asked from the floor.
Closing
The program may be brought to a close by closing remarks of the dignitary. If none is
available, the program is closed by the moderator or the emcee with an expression of
the gratitude to all those who attended.

THE SPEAKERS ROLE

The emcee
In old days, he was called the toastmaster. Later, he was the master of ceremonies,
abbreviated as MC at first,a nd now, by developing usage, spelled out as EMCEE.
An emcee should not forget that he is just an emcee to announce the next part of the
program.
The presiding officer
He is the person who has to take charge of the conducted of the proceedings. He is the
speaker, or whoever takes his place, at session of the batasang pambansa. He may
called the chairman.
The moderator
The moderator is much like the presideing officer. He also presides, but he usually
presies over a particular activity where moderation is needed. That is why he is called
the moderator. His job is moderate. The activity could be an open forum
The floor leader
Legislative bodies have floor leaders: the majority floor leader and the minority floor
leader. Ordinary proceedings should always have a floor leader. A floor leader ang the
needed in certain gatherings where there are varied interest and someone is neede
from the floor to initiate moves, control the proceedings and otherwise maintain a
semblance of order in the discussion.

The rapporteur
The rapporteur is the name of the person assigned to report the plenary session
assembly on what transpired in work session.
Resolution committee chairman
The chairman of the resolutions committee takes over at the end of a convention or
conference where resolutions are expected to be passed. He should be ready to defend
his resolutions and be willing to accept amendments to the same whenever possible.
The open forum participant
He is the person who has no specific function, except to be present and to listen. Yet, he
has the option to rise, ask questions, make specific comments or otherwise contributes
his two scents worth.
The fine master
Is the person assigned to supervise fining sessions in clubs that impose fine as a
means of raising funds.

LESSON 4
VOCAL VARIETY
There are four ways in which we can vary our voice:
A.
B.
C.
D.

We can speak fast or speak low(rate)

We can speak loud or speak soft(force)
We can speak high or speak low(pitch)
We can change to some extent the sound of the voice(quality)

RATE
Rate is the speed in speaking
The allowable rate is not so fast that the speaker cannot be understood and that
listeners will get bored.
The appropriate rate depends upon the meaning of the words and the purposes of the
speaker. Serius situations rate depends upon the meaning of the words and the
purpose of the speaker.

The two elements of rate are(1) quantity; and (2) pause

Quantity
Is the leght of time within spoken words. We prolong or shorten quantity to help convey
the meaning of words.
Pause
Is the length of time spent in silence between words. A speaker cannot just pause
without a proper motivation.

Force
Force is the loudness in speaking.
The allowable for is not so soft that the speaker cannot be heard and ot so loud that the
listeners will get distracted.
Degree refers to the amount of force applied. There are three kinds of force as to form:
1. Effusive force is the even application of forcr to all the words.
2. Expulsive force is the short and quick application of force to words.
3. Explosive force is the abrupt and violent application of force to words;

Stress
Is the force applied to different syllables in a word or to different words in a phrase

Pitch
Is the musical position of speech sound. The range of the pitch of our voice is fixed,
although it may be widened through practice.
The allowable pitch should be within your range, provided only that you do not strain
your voice or not too low to sound mumbled

There are two kinds of inflection:

1. Glide or slide, which is gradual change of pitch;and
2. Step, which is the abrupt change of pitch

Rules to remember. While pitch must also be varied to avoid a moontone, we must
guard
1 a sing song intonation. Your voice qoes up and down without reason
2 a patterned intonation. You have a certain accent in your speech. It is much like
the punto in the vernacular

Quality
Quality may also be varied for emphasis or to achieve more meaning or to become
momre interesting. For instance, we may imitate the voice of a person whose words
we are quoting. This requires some charges in our voice.

Emphasis
Any act of the speaker that calls attention to the ideas being conveyed is called
emphasis. Do not overemphasized or continuously emphasize.

Vocal climax
The vocal climax is generally employed in rabble-rousing speeches. It was often
used in the old political campaign speeches in this country

Figures of speech
Let us not forget the great benefit we can derive from the use of figures of speech,
the inject vigor and color into our language among the most commonly used are;
simile, metaphor, personification, metonymy, synecdoche, apostrophe, hyperbole,
litotes and irony.

1. Simile is a direct comparison of two things by the use of like and as

2. Metaphor is an implied comparison
3. Personification is the endowment of an inanimate object or abstract idea with
human qualities or attributes
4. Metonymy is the use of a thing for another associated with it
5. Synecdoche is the use of a more comprehensive for a less comprehensive term
6. Apostrophe is the direct address to a person who is present, absent or dead

Acknowledgement

He was good in everything, he was curios and responsible for his works. He had
a best characteristics of men, handsome, smart, industrious, and too many that
too hard to explain. But every challenges that he conquer there are sacrifice and
heartache that will never fade in his heart. Every hard times that he fought he
always do it with greatness in his heart that keeps him to move forward in life. So
even this short acknowledgement to the author you may get a great ideas in life.
Thank you.