CHE198D (General Chemistry)

1) Choose the response that includes all the items listed below that are pure substances.
i. orange juice ii. steam iii. ocean water iv. oxygen v. vegetable soup
a. i, iii, v
b. ii, iv
c. i, iii, iv
d. iv only
e. all of them are pure
2) Which of the following is an example of a physical property?
a. corrosiveness of sulfuric acid
b. toxicity of cyanide
c. flammability of gasoline
d. neutralization of stomach acid with an antacid
e. lead becomes a liquid when heated to 601C
3) Which of the following does not represent a chemical change?
a. a freshly cut apple turns brown
b. milk turns sour on standing at room temperature
c. when cooled to 0C, liquid water becomes ice
d. frying an egg
e. fermentation of sugar to alcohol
4) The scientist who determined the magnitude of the electric charge of the electron was
a. John Dalton.
b. Robert Millikan.
c. J. J. Thomson.
d. Henry Moseley.
e. R. Chang.
5) Which of the following scientists developed the nuclear model of the atom?
a. John Dalton
b. Robert Millikan
c. J. J. Thomson
d. Henry Moseley
e. Ernest Rutherford
6) An atom of the isotope chlorine-37 consists of how many protons, neutrons, and electrons? (p =
proton, n = neutron, e = electron)
a. 17 p, 18.45 n, 17 e
b. 17 p, 20 n, 7 e
c. 17 p, 20 n, 17 e
d. 17 p, 37 n, 17 e
e. 20 p, 17 n, 20 e
7) Which of the following pairs of elements would be most likely to form an ionic compound?
a. P and Br
b. Cu and K
c. C and O
d. O and Zn
e. Al and Rb
8) Give the formula for cobalt(II) chlorate dihydrate.
a. CoCl22H2O
b. CoClO3(H2O)2
c. Co(ClO3)2(H2O)2
d. Co(ClO3)22H2O
e. Co2(ClO3)32H2O
9) The mineral hausmannite is a compound of manganese-55 and oxygen-16. If 72% of the mass of
hausmannite is due to manganese, what is the empirical formula of hausmannite?
a. MnO
b. Mn3O
c. Mn3O4
d. Mn4O3
e. MnO3
10) Zircon is a mineral with the empirical formula ZrSiO4. If all the zirconium is 90Zr, all the silicon is 28Si,
and all the oxygen is 16O, what mass of oxygen is present in 10. g of zircon?
a. 0.88 g
b. 1.2 g
c. 1.8 g
d. 3.5 g
e. 5.4 g
11) Which of the following elements is chemically similar to oxygen?
a. sulfur
b. calcium
c. iron
d. nickel
e. sodium
12) There are two stable isotopes of chlorine: chlorine-35, with a mass of 34.968853 amu; and chlorine37, with a mass of 36.965903. Given that the average atomic mass of a chlorine atom is 35.45 amu,
which of the following statements is true?

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a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
13)

14)

15)

16)

17)

18)

19)

20)
21)
22)

23)

Chlorine contains almost exclusively of

Chlorine contains more

35
17

Cl than

37
17

35
17

37

Cl, with very little 17 Cl.

Cl.

Chlorine contains roughly equal amounts of

Chlorine contains more

37
17

Cl

35
than 17

35
17

Cl and

37
17

Cl.

Cl.
37

35

Chlorine contains almost exclusively of 17 Cl, with very little 17 Cl.

What is the average mass, in grams, of one atom of iron?
a. 6.02 x 1023 g
b. 1.66 x 1024 g
c. 9.28 x 1023 g
d. 55.85 g
e. 55.85 x 10 23 g
One mole of iron
a. is heavier than one mole of lead (Pb).
b. is 77.0 g of iron.
c. is 26.0 g of iron.
d. weighs the same as one mole of lead.
e. None of the above.
How many carbon atoms are there in 10 lbs of sugar, C12H22O11?
a. 9.6 x 1025 atoms
b. 4.21 atoms
c. 8.0 x 1024 atoms
d. 342 atoms
e. 159 atoms
Balance the following equation using the smallest set of whole numbers. The sum of the coefficients
is
Al + H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + H2
a. 3.
b. 5.
c. 6.
d. 9.
e. 12.
Hydrogen chloride gas can be prepared by the following reaction:
2NaCl(s) + H2SO4(aq) 2HCl(g) + Na2SO4(s)
How many grams of HCl can be prepared from 2.00 mol H2SO4 and 150 g NaCl?
a. 7.30 g
b. 93.5 g
c. 146 g
d. 150 g
e. 196 g
A 1.375 g sample of mannitol, a sugar found in seaweed, is burned completely in oxygen to give
1.993 g of carbon dioxide and 0.9519 g of water. The empirical formula of mannitol is
a. CHO.
b. CH7O3.
c. C3H2O.
d. C3H7O3.
e. CH2O.
One way of obtaining pure sodium carbonate is through the decomposition of the mineral trona,
Na5(CO3)2(HCO3)2H2O, as shown in the following reaction:
2Na3(CO3)(HCO3)2H2O(s) 3Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + 5H2O(g)
When 15 metric ton of trona is decomposed, 11 metric ton of Na2CO3 is recovered. What is the
percent yield of this reaction?
a. 95%
b. 73%
c. 65%
d. 42%
e. 13%
Which of the following compounds is a nonelectrolyte?
a. NaF
b. HNO3
c. CH3COOH
d. NaOH
e. C6H12O6
Based on the solubility rules, which one of the following should be soluble in water?
a. AgBr
b. AgCl
c. Ag2CO3
d. AgNO3
e. Ag2S
Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when solutions of Pb(NO3)2 and NH4Cl are
mixed?
a. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2NH4Cl(aq) NH4NO3(aq) + PbCl2(s)
b. Pb2+(aq) + 2Cl(aq) PbCl2(s)

c.
Pb2+(aq) + 2NO3 (aq) + 2NH 4 (aq) + 2Cl(aq) 2NH 4 (aq) + 2NO3 (aq) + PbCl2(s)
d. NH4+(aq)+ NO3 (aq) 2NH4NO3(s)
e. No reaction occurs when the solutions are mixed.
Which of the following compounds is a weak acid?

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a. HF
b. HCl
c. HBr
d. HI
e. HClO4
24) The oxidation number of Cr in Cr2O72 is
a. 12.
b. 7.
c. 2.
d. +6.
e. +7.
25) Identify the elements that are oxidized and reduced in the following reaction.
KClO3(aq) + 6HBr(aq) KCl(aq) + 3Br2(l) + 3H2O(l)
a. Br is oxidized and Cl is reduced
b. Cl is oxidized and H is reduced
c. H is oxidized and O is reduced
d. O is oxidized and Cl is reduced
e. Cl is oxidized and Br is reduced
26) Which of the following is an example of a disproportionation reaction?
a. 2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)
b. 2KBr(aq) + Cl2(g) 2KCl(aq) + Br2(l)
c. 2H2O2(aq) 2H2O(l) + O2(g)
d. CaBr2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) CaSO4(s) + 2HBr(g)
e. 2Al(s) + 3H2SO4(aq) Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 3H2(g)
27) What mass of Li3PO4 is needed to prepare 500. mL of a solution having a lithium ion concentration of 0.175 M?
a. 6.75 g
b. 10.1 g
c. 19.3 g
d. 30.4 g
e. 3.38 g
28) 35.0 mL of 0.255 M nitric acid is added to 45.0 mL of 0.328 M Mg(NO3)2. What is the concentration of nitrate ion in the final
solution?
a. 0.481 M
b. 0.296 M
c. 0.854 M
d. 1.10 M
e. 0.0295 M
29) Which of these properties is/are characteristic(s) of gases?
a. High compressibility
b. Relatively large distances between molecules
c. Formation of homogeneous mixtures regardless of the nature of gases
d. A and B.
e. A, B, and C.
30) A sample of N2 gas occupies 2.40 L at 20C. If the gas is in a container that can contract or expand at constant pressure, at
what temperature will the N2 occupy 4.80 L?
a. 10C
b. 40C
c. 146C
d. 313C
e. 685C
31) Calculate the density of Br2(g) at 59.0C and 1.00 atm pressure.
a. 27.2 g/L
b. 5.83 g/L
c. 769 g/L
d. 22.4 g/L
e. 3.45 g/L
32) Air contains 78% N2, 21% O2, and 1% Ar, by volume. What is the density of air at 1,000. torr and 10C?
a. 1.0 g/L
b. 6.1 g/L
c. 1.3 g/L
d. 1.8 g/L
e. 0.56 g/L
33) How many liters of oxygen gas at 153C and 0.820 atm can be produced by the decomposition of 22.4 g of solid KClO3?
a. 3.0 L
b. 0.085 L
c. 4.20 L
d. 7.79 L
e. 11.7 L
34) Which statement is false?
a. The average kinetic energies of molecules from samples of different "ideal" gases is the same at the
same temperature.
b. The molecules of an ideal gas are relatively far apart.
c. All molecules of an ideal gas have the same kinetic energy at constant temperature.
d. Molecules of a gas undergo many collisions with each other and the container walls.
e. Molecules of greater mass have a lower average speed than those of less mass at the same
temperature.
35) 1.000 atm of dry nitrogen, placed in a container having a pinhole opening in its side, leaks from the container 3.55 times faster
than does 1.000 atm of an unknown gas placed in this same apparatus. Which of these species could be the unknown gas?
a. NH3
b. C4H10
c. SF6
d. UF6
e. Rn
36) An endothermic reaction causes the surroundings to
a. warm up.
b. become acidic.
c. condense.
d. decrease in temperature.
e. release CO2 .
37) A glass containing 200. g of H2O at 20C was placed in a refrigerator. The water loses 11.7 kJ as it cools to a constant
temperature. What is its new temperature? The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/gC.
a. 0.013C
b. 4C
c. 6C
d. 14C
e. 34C

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38) Suppose a 50.0 g block of silver (specific heat = 0.2350 J/gC) at 100C is placed in contact with a 50.0 g block of iron
(specific heat = 0.4494 J/gC) at 0C, and the two blocks are insulated from the rest of the universe. The final temperature of
the two blocks
a. will be higher than 50C.
b. will be lower than 50C.
c. will be exactly 50C.
d. is unrelated to the composition of the blocks.
e. cannot be predicted.
39) A 0.1326 g sample of magnesium was burned in an oxygen bomb calorimeter. The total heat capacity of the calorimeter plus
water was 5,760 J/C. If the temperature rise of the calorimeter with water was 0.570C, calculate the enthalpy of combustion
of magnesium.
Mg(s) + 1/2O2(g) MgO(s)
a. 3280 kJ/mol b. 24.8 kJ/mol c. 435 kJ/mol
d. 106 kJ/mol
e. 602 kJ/mol
40) Octane (C8H18) undergoes combustion according to the following thermochemical equation:
2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g) 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(l)
Hrxn = 11,020 kJ/mol.
Given that Hf[CO2(g)] = 393.5 kJ/mol and Hf[H2O(l)] = 285.8 kJ/mol, calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of
octane.
a. 210 kJ/mol
b. 11,230 kJ/mol
c. 22,040 kJ/mol
d. 420 kJ/mol
e. 420 kJ/mol
41) During volcanic eruptions, hydrogen sulfide gas is given off and oxidized by air according to the following chemical equation:
2H2S(g) + 3O2(g) 2SO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the above reaction given:
3S(s) + 2H2O(g) 2H2S(g) + SO2(g) H = 146.9 kJ/mol
S(s) + O2(g) SO2(g)
H = 296.4 kJ/mol

42)

43)

44)
45)

46)

a. 1036.1 kJ/mol
b. 742.3 kJ/mol
c. 149.5 kJ/mol
d. 443.3 kJ/mol
e. 742.3 kJ/mol
Which of the following processes always results in an increase in the energy of a system?
a. The system loses heat and does work on the surroundings.
b. The system gains heat and does work on the surroundings.
c. The system loses heat and has work done on it by the surroundings.
d. The system gains heat and has work done on it by the surroundings.
e. None of these is always true.
What is the wavelength of radiation that has a frequency of 2.10 1014 s 1?
a. 6.30 1022 m
b. 7.00 102 nm
c. 7.00 105 m
d. 1.43 106 m
e. 3.00 108 m
What is the energy in joules of a mole of photons associated with visible light of wavelength 486 nm?
a. 6.46 1016 J b. 6.46 1025 J c. 2.46 104 J
d. 12.4 kJ
e. 246 kJ
Atoms emit visible and ultraviolet light
a. as electrons jump from lower energy levels to higher levels.
b. as the atoms condense from a gas to a liquid.
c. as electrons jump from higher energy levels to lower levels.
d. as they are heated and the solid melts to form a liquid.
e. as the electrons move about the atom within an orbit.
Calculate the frequency of the light emitted by a hydrogen atom during a transition of its electron from the n = 6 to the n = 3
principal energy level. En = 2.18 1018 J(1/n2).
a. 1.64 1015 /s b. 9.13 1013 /s c. 3.65 1014 /s d. 1.82 1019 /s e. 2.74 1014/s

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47) What is the maximum number of electrons in an atom that can have the following set of quantum numbers?
n = 4 l = 3 ml = 2 ms = +1/2
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 6
e. 10
48) "No two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers" is a statement of
a. the Pauli exclusion principle.
b. de Broglie's relation.
c. Bohr's equation.
d. Dalton's atomic theory.
e. Hund's rule.
49) A ground-state atom of manganese has ___ unpaired electrons and is _____.
a. 0, diamagnetic
b. 2, diamagnetic
c. 3, paramagnetic
d. 5, paramagnetic
e. 7, paramagnetic
50) Which of the following is the electron configuration of an excited state of an oxygen atom?
a. 1s22s22p4
b. 1s22s22p5
c. 1s22s22p33s1
d. 1s22s22p6
e. 1s22s22p3
51) The law of octaves was proposed by
a. G. N. Lewis.
b. John Newlands.
c. Dmitri Mendeleev.
d. J. J. Thompson.
e. Ernest Rutherford.
52) Mendeleev proposed the existence of an unknown element that he called eka-aluminum. This element is now called
a. gallium.
b. silicon.
c. magnesium.
d. boron.
e. germanium.
53) Consider the element with the electron configuration [Kr]5s24d7. This element is
a. a representative element.
b. a transition metal.
c. a nonmetal.
d. an actinide element.
e. a noble gas.
54) Which of the following make an isoelectronic pair?
a. Ca2+ and Fe3+
b. O2 and F
c. F and Cl
d. Cl and Ca2+
e. None of the above.
55) Arrange the following ions in order of decreasing ionic radius: Al3+, Mg2+, Na+, O2.
a. Al3+ > Mg2+ > O2 > Na+
b. Al3+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > O2
c. Na+ > Mg2+ > Al3+ > O2
d. O2 > Al3+ > Mg2+ > Na+
e. O2 > Na+ > Mg2+ > Al3+
56) Which of the following elements has the smallest ionization energy?
a. Li
b. Na
c. Be
d. K
e. Rb
57) Which of the following elements has the greatest electron affinity (largest positive value)?
a. Mg
b. Al
c. Si
d. P
e. S
58) Which of the following elements has the greatest metallic character?
a. Br
b. Se
c. Ni
d. As
e. Si
59) Which of the following is an amphoteric oxide?
a. Na2O
b. MgO
c. Al2O3
d. SO2
e. Cl2O7
60) The Lewis dot symbol for the chloride ion is

a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Cl

: Cl

: Cl :

: Cl

: Cl :

61) Which of the following solids would have the highest melting point?
a. NaF
b. NaCl

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c. NaBr
d. NaI
e. None of the above
62) The number of lone electron pairs in the NO2 ion is ___.
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
63) Which of the following Lewis structures is incorrect?
a.

d. 7

e. 8

b.
c.

d.

e.

64) The number of resonance structures for the sulfur dioxide molecule that satisfy the octet rule is
a. 1.
b. 2.
c. 3.
d. 4.
e. None of these.
65) The formal charge on the bromine atom in BrO3 drawn with three single bonds is
a. 2.
b. 1.
c. 0.
d. +1.
e. +2
66) Give the number of lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of CBr4.
a. 0 lone pairs, square planar
b. 0 lone pairs, tetahedral
c. 1 lone pair, square pyramidal
d. 1 lone pair, trigonal bipyramidal
e. 2 lone pairs, square planar
67) According to VSEPR theory, which one of the following molecules should have a geometry that is trigonal bipyramidal?
a. SF4
b. XeF4
c. NF3
d. SF6
e. PF5
68) The bond angle in SCl2 is expected to be
a. a little less than 109.5.
b. 120.
c. 109.5.
d. 180.
e. a little more than 109.5.
69) Which one of the following molecules is nonpolar?
a. NH3
b. OF2
c. CH3Cl
d. H2O
e. BeCl2
70) N,N-diethyl-m-tolumide (DEET) is the active ingredient in many mosquito repellents. What is the hybridization state of
carbon indicated by the arrow in the structure of DEET shown below?

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71)
72)

73)
74)

75)
76)

77)

78)

a. sp
b. sp2
c. sp3
d. sp3d
e. sp3d2
The number of pi bonds in the oxalate ion (C2O42) is
a. 1.
b. 2.
c. 3.
d. 4.
e. 5.
Which one of the following substances is expected to have the highest boiling point?
a. HBr
b. HCl
c. HF
d. HI
e. None of the above
Which one of the following substances will have both dispersion forces and dipole-dipole forces?
a. HCl
b. BCl3
c. Br2
d. H2
e. CO2
Which of the following characteristics indicates the presence of weak intermolecular forces in a liquid?
a. a low heat of vaporization
b. a high critical temperature
c. a low vapor pressure.
d. a high boiling point
e. None of the above.
The number of atoms in a face-centered cubic unit cell is
a. 1.
b. 2.
c. 3.
d. 4.
e. 8.
3
Palladium crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell. Its density is 12.0 g/cm at 27C. Calculate the atomic radius of Pd.
a. 138 pm
b. 1.95 108 nm
c. 1.95 108 cm
d. 154 pm
e. 0.109 nm
Use the following data to determine the molar heat of vaporization of chlorine.
T (C)
84.5 71.2 47.3
P (mmHg) 40.0 100.0 400.0
a. 34,700 J
b. 21,900 J
c. 317 J
d. 712 J
e. 9.99 kJ
The molar enthalpy of vaporization of hexane (C6H14) is 28.9 kJ/mol, and its normal boiling point is 68.73C. What is the
vapor pressure of hexane at 25C?
a. 171 torr
b. 4.44 torr
c. 117 torr
d. 3370 torr
e. 759 torr

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79) Based on the phase diagram shown below, how will the melting point of the substance change if the pressure is increased

above 1 atm?
a.
b.
c.
d.

80)

81)

82)

83)

84)

The melting point will decrease.

The melting point will remain the same.
The melting point will increase.
The substance will not melt at pressures of 1 atm and above; instead, the solid sublimes to form the
gas phase.
e. None of the above
A saturated solution
a. contains more solute than solvent.
b. contains more solvent than solute.
c. contains equal moles of solute and solvent.
d. contains the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in that solvent at that temperature.
e. contains a solvent with only sigma bonds and no pi bonds (i.e. only single bonds, with no double or
triple bonds).
Which response lists all the following pairs that are miscible liquids.
Pair #1: octane (C8H18) and water
Pair #2: acetic acid (CH3COOH) and water
Pair #3: octane (C8H18) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
a. 1, 3
b. 1, 2
c. 3
d. 2
e. 2, 3
A 9.50 % by mass solution of acetone (C3H6O) in water has a density of 0.9849 g/mL at 20C. What is the molarity of this
solution?
a. 0.621 M
b. 1.61 M
c. 1.66 M
d. 1.71 M
e. 16.9 M
The solubility of gases in water usually decreases with
a. increasing pressure.
b. increasing temperature.
c. decreasing temperature.
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
Oxygen gas makes up 21 % of the atmosphere by volume. What is the solubility of O2(g) in water at 25C if the atmospheric
pressure is 741 mmHg? The Henry's law constant for oxygen gas at 25C is 1.3 103 mol/Latm.
a. 2.7 104 M
b. 1.3 103 M
c. 6.2 103 M
d. 9.6 103 M
e. 0.96 M

85) The vapor pressure of water at 20C is 17.5 mmHg. What is the vapor pressure of water over a solution prepared from 2.00
102 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) and 3.50 102 g water?
a. 0.51 mmHg
b. 16.0 mmHg
c. 19.4 mmHg
d. 18.0 mmHg
e. 17.0 mmHg
86) Which of the following aqueous solutions has the highest boiling point? K b for water is 0.52C/m.
a. 0.2 m KCl
b. 0.2 m Na2SO4
c. 0.2 m Ca(NO3)2
d. A and B.
e. B and C.

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87) What is the molar mass of toluene if 0.85 g of toluene depresses the freezing point of 100. g of benzene by 0.47C? Kf of
benzene is 5.12C/m.
a. 92.6 g/mol
b. 78.0 g/mol
c. 10.7 g/mol
d. 81.8 g/mol
e. 927 g/mol
88) Which one of the following units would not be an acceptable way to express reaction rate?
a. M/s
b. M min1
c. L mol1 s1 d. mol L1 s1 e. mmHg/min
89) Chlorine dioxide reacts in basic water to form chlorite and chlorate according to the following chemical equation:
2ClO2(aq) + 2OH(aq) ClO2(aq) + ClO3(aq) + H2O(l)
Under a certain set of conditions, the initial rate of disappearance of chlorine dioxide was determined to be 2.30 101 M/s.
What is the initial rate of appearance of chlorite ion under those same conditions?
a. 5.75 x 102 M/s
b. 1.15 x 101 M/s
c. 2.30 x 101 M/s
d. 4.60 x 101 M/s
e. 9.20 x 101 M/s
90) For the overall chemical reaction shown below, which one of the following statements can be rightly assumed?
2H2S(g) + O2(g) 2S(s) + 2H2O(l)
a. The reaction is third-order overall.
b. The reaction is second-order overall.
c. The rate law is, rate = k[H2S]2 [O2].
d. The rate law is, rate = k[H2S] [O2].
e. The rate law cannot be determined from the information given.
91) Chlorine dioxide reacts in basic water to form chlorite and chlorate according to the following chemical equation:
2ClO2(aq) + 2OH(aq) ClO2(aq) + ClO3(aq) + H2O(l)
A kinetic study of this reaction under a certain set of conditions yielded the data below.
Exp
[ClO2] (M)
[OH] (M)
-[ClO2] /t (M/s)
1
0.0500
0.100
5.75 x 102
2
0.100
0.100
2.30 x 101
3
0.100
0.0500
1.15 x 101
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

rate = k[ClO2][OH]
rate = k[ClO2]2[OH]
rate = k[ClO2][OH]2
rate = k[ClO2]2[OH]2
rate = k[ClO2]4[OH]

92) A certain reaction A products is second order in A. If this reaction is 10.% complete after 20. s, how long would it take for
the reaction to be 90.% complete?
a. 180 s
b. 1600 s
c. 440 s
d. 18,000 s
e. 540 s
93) The activation energy for the reaction CH3CO CH3 + CO is 71 kJ/mol. How many times greater is the rate constant for this
reaction at 170C than at 150C?
a. 0.40
b. 1.1
c. 2.5
d. 4.0
e. 5.0
94) When the concentrations of reactant molecules are increased, the rate of reaction increases. The best explanation for this
phenomenon is that as the reactant concentration increases,
a. the average kinetic energy of molecules increases.
b. the frequency of molecular collisions increases.
c. the rate constant increases.
d. the activation energy increases.
e. the order of reaction increases.
95) Which is the correct equilibrium constant expression for the following reaction?

Fe2O3(s) + 3H2(g)

2Fe(s) + 3H2O(g)
a. Kc = [Fe2O3] [H2]3 / [Fe]2[H2O]3
b. Kc = [H2] / [H2O]
c. Kc = [H2O]3 / [H2]3
d. Kc = [Fe]2[H2O]3 / [Fe2O3] [H2]3
e. Kc = [Fe] [H2O] / [Fe2O3] [H2]
96) Carbon tetrachloride reacts at high temperatures with oxygen to produce two toxic gases, phosgene and chlorine.

RJQB | 9

CCl4(g) + 1/2O2(g)

COCl2(g) + Cl2(g),

Calculate Kc for the reaction 2CCl4(g) + O2(g)

a. 4.4 109

b. 8.8 109

c. 1.9 1010

Kc = 4.4 109 at 1,000 K

2COCl2(g) + 2Cl2(g).
d. 1.9 1019

e. 2.3 1010

97) Calculate Kp for the reaction 2NOCl(g)

2NO(g) + Cl2(g) at 400C if Kc at 400C for this reaction is 2.1 102.
a. 2.1 102
b. 1.7 103
c. 0.70
d. 1.2
e. 3.8 104

98) The brown gas NO2 and the colorless gas N2O4 exist in equilibrium, 2NO2
N2O4. In an experiment, 0.625 mole of
N2O4 was introduced into a 5.00 L vessel and was allowed to decompose until equilibrium was reached. The concentration of
N2O4 at equilibrium was 0.0750 M. Calculate Kc for the reaction.
a. 7.5
b. 0.125
c. 0.0750
d. 0.10
e. 0.050

99) For the reaction PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)

PCl5(g) at a particular temperature, Kc = 24.3. Suppose a system at that temperature
is prepared with [PCl3] = 0.10 M, [Cl2] = 0.15 M, and [PCl5] = 0.60 M. Which of these statements is true?
a. The reaction is at equilibrium.
b. The reaction will proceed in the direction of forming more PCl5 until equilibrium is reached.
c. The reaction will proceed in the direction of forming more PCl3 and Cl2 until equilibrium is reached.
d. None of the above statements is true.
e. All of the above statements is true.
100) For the following reaction at equilibrium in a reaction vessel, which one of these changes would cause the Br2 concentration to
increase?

2NO(g) + Br2(g), Hrxn= 30 kJ/mol

a. Lower the temperature.
b. Remove some NO.
c. Remove some NOBr.
d. Compress the gas mixture into a smaller volume.
e. Add a catalyst.
Which is not a characteristic property of acids?
a. neutralizes bases.
d. reacts with CO2(g) to form carbonates.
b. turns litmus from blue to red
e. All of the above are characteristic properties of
acids.
c.
reacts with active metals to produce H2(g).
In the reaction HSO4(aq) + OH(aq) SO42(aq) + H2O(l), the conjugate acid-base pairs are
a. HSO4 and SO42; H2O and OH.
d. HSO4 and H2O; OH and SO42.

+
2

b. HSO4 and H3O ; SO4 and OH .

e. HSO4 and OH; SO42 and H3O+.

2
c.
HSO4 and OH ; SO4 and H2O.
What is the pH of an aqueous solution that contains 5.3 1017 OH ions per liter of solution?
a. 5.30
d. 8.70
b. 6.06
e. 11.3
c.
7.94
What is the pH of a 0.0055 M HA (weak acid) solution that is 8.2% ionized?
a. 2.26
d. 8.21
b. 3.35
e. 10.65
c.
4.52
Calculate the pH of a 6.71 102 M NaOH solution.
a. 12.83
d. 6.71
b. 2.17
e. 1.17
c.
11.82
What is the pH of a solution prepared by mixing 10.0 mL of a strong acid solution with pH = 2.00 and 10.0 mL of a strong
acid solution with pH = 6.00?
a. 2.0
d. 6.0
b. 2.3
e. 8.0
c.
4.0
2NOBr(g)

101)

102)

103)

104)

105)

106)

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107) Hydrosulfuric acid is a diprotic acid, for which Ka1 = 5.7 108 and Ka2 = 1 1019. Determine the concentration of sulfide ion
in a 0.10 M hydrosulfuric solution.
a. 0.10 M
d. 1 1019 M
5
b. 7.5 10 M
e. 1 1020 M
c.
5.7 109 M
108) Which one of these salts will form a basic solution on dissolving in water?
a. NaCl
d. NH4NO3
b. KCN
e. FeCl3
c.
NaNO3
109) Calculate the pH of a 0.021 M NaCN solution. [Ka(HCN) = 4.9 1010]
a. 1.68
d. 7.00
b. 3.18
e. 10.82
c.
5.49
110) Which one of the following is a buffer solution?
a. 0.40 M HCN and 0.10 KCN
d. 0.10 M KCN
b. 0.20 M CH3COOH
e. 0.50 M HCl and 0.10 NaCl
c.
1.0 M HNO3 and 1.0 M NaNO3
111) Calculate the pH of a buffer solution that contains 0.25 M benzoic acid (C6H5CO2H) and 0.15M sodium benzoate
(C6H5COONa). [Ka = 6.5 105 for benzoic acid]
a. 3.97
d. 3.40
b. 4.83
e. 4.41
c.
4.19
112) You have 500.0 mL of a buffer solution containing 0.30 M acetic acid (CH3COOH) and 0.20 M sodium acetate (CH3COONa).
What will the pH of this solution be after the addition of 20.0 mL of 1.00 M NaOH solution? [Ka = 1.8 105]
a. 4.65
d. 4.84
b. 4.71
e. 5.07
c.
4.56
113) For PbCl2 (Ksp = 2.4 104), will a precipitate of PbCl2 form when 0.10 L of 3.0 102 M Pb(NO3)2 is added to 400 mL of 9.0
102 M NaCl?.
a. Yes, because Q > Ksp.
d. Yes, because Q < Ksp
b. No, because Q < Ksp.
e. Yes, because Q = Ksp.
c.
No, because Q = Ksp.
114) The solubility of lead(II) iodide is 0.064 g/100 mL at 20oC. What is the solubility product for lead(II) iodide?
a. 1.1 108
d. 2.7 1012
b. 3.9 106
e. 1.4 103
11
c.
1.1 10
115) Which of the following would decrease the Ksp for PbI2?
a. Lowering the pH of the solution
d. All of the above
b. Adding a solution of Pb(NO3)2
e. None of the abovethe Ksp of a compound is
constant at constant temperature.
c.
Adding a solution of KI
116) Which of these species would you expect to have the lowest standard entropy (S)?
a. CH4(g)
d. H2O(g)
b. HF(g)
e. None of the above
c.
NH3(g)
117) Which one of the following reactions would you expect to have highest S?
a. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
d. C2H6(g) + 7/2O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(g)
b. C2H2(g) + 5/2O2(g) 2CO2(g) + H2O(g)
e. None of the above
c.
C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
118) Sulfur can be separated from lead in the mineral galena, PbS(s), by roasting the ore in the presence of oxygen as shown in
the following reaction:
2PbS(s) + 3O2(g) 2PbO(s) + 2SO2(g)
Calculate S for this reaction using the thermodynamic data provided below.

PbS(s)

S(J/Kmol)
91.2

RJQB | 11

O2(g)
PbO(s)
SO2(g)

205.0
69.45
248.5

a. 410 J/Kmol
d. 21.8 J/Kmol
b. 161.5 J/Kmol
e. 43.5 J/Kmol
c.
47.7 J/Kmol
119) Sodium carbonate can be made by heating sodium bicarbonate:
2NaHCO3(s) Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)
Given that H = 128.9 kJ/mol and G = 33.1 kJ/mol at 25C, above what minimum temperature will the reaction become
spontaneous under standard state conditions?
a. 0.4 K
d. 401 K
b. 3.9 K
e. 525 K
c.
321 K
120) Calculate Kp at 298 K for the reaction SO2(g) + NO2(g) SO3(g) + NO(g).
Gf
SO2(g)
300.4 kJ/mol
SO3(g)
370.4 kJ/mol
NO(g)
86.7 kJ/mol
NO2(g)
51.8 kJ/mol

121)

122)

123)

124)

a. 6.99 107
d. 475
b. 5.71 108
e. 1.42 106
c.
14.2
Complete and balance the following redox equation. The sum of the smallest whole-number coefficients is
MnO4 + H+ + Br Mn2+ + Br2 + H2O (acidic solution)
a. 6.
d. 29.
b. 17.
e. 43.
c.
21.
A certain electrochemical cell has for its cell reaction:
Zn + HgO ZnO + Hg
Which is the half-reaction occurring at the anode?
a. HgO + 2e Hg + O2
d. ZnO + 2e Zn
2+

b. Zn + 2e Zn
e. None of the above
2+

c.
Zn Zn + 2e
Consider an electrochemical cell based on the following cell diagram:
Pt | Pu3+(aq), Pu4+(aq) || Cl2(g), Cl (aq) | Pt
Given that the standard cell emf is 0.35 V and that the standard reduction potential of chlorine is 1.36 V, what is the standard
reduction potential E(Pu4+/Pu3+)?
a. 2.37 V
d. 1.01 V
b. 1.01 V
e. 1.71 V
c.
1.71 V
Consider the following standard reduction potentials in acid solution:

The strongest reducing agent among those shown above is

a. Fe3+.
d. Al3+.
2+
b. Fe .
e. Al.
c.
Br.
125) Given the following standard reduction potentials,

RJQB | 12

Ag+(aq) + e Ag(s)
E = 0.80 V
AgCN(s) + e Ag(s) + CN(aq) E = 0.01 V
calculate the solubility product of AgCN at 25C.
a. 4.3 1014
b. 2.3 1013
c.
126)

127)

128)

129)

130)

d. 5.1 1013
e. None of these

2.1 1014
The measured voltage of a cell in which the following reaction occurs is 0.96 V:
H2(g, 1.0 atm) + 2Ag+(aq, 1.0 M) 2H+(aq, pH = ?) + 2Ag(s)
+
Calculate the pH of the H (aq) solution. E(Ag+/Ag)=0.80V?
a. 1.4
d. 7.1
b. 2.7
e. 14.9
c.
5.4
A current of 0.80 A was applied to an electrolytic cell containing molten CdCl2 for 2.5 hours. Calculate the mass of cadmium
metal deposited.
a. 3.2 107 g
d. 8.4 g
b. 1.2 103 g
e. 16.8 g
c.
4.2 g
Alpha particles are identical to
a. protons.
d. helium nuclei.
b. helium atoms.
e. electrons.
c.
hydrogen atoms.
As a result of beta decay, the product nucleus is
a. one atomic number lower than the original
d. two atomic numbers lower than the original
element.
element.
b. two atomic numbers higher than the original e. four atomic numbers lower than the original
element.
element.
c.
one atomic number higher than the original element.
What is the missing symbol in this plutonium fission reaction?
239
94

a.

148
56

b.

0
1

Pu 01n ___ 3891Sr 3 01n

Ba

d.

91
38

e.

146
56

c.

143
54

Sr
Ba

Xe

232

Th

131) In the 90
decay series there are six radioisotopes that decay by alpha emission, including Th-232 itself, and four
radioisotopes that decay by beta emission. The final product of this series is a stable isotope. The symbol for this product is
a. 204W
d. 208 Pb
74
82
.
.
b. 208W
e. 208 Pt
74
78
.
.
204
c.
Pb
82
.
130

132) The only stable isotope of iodine is iodine-127. Predict the mode of decay of 53 .
a. alpha emission
d. electron capture
b. beta emission
e. None of these
c.
positron emission
133) Find the nuclear binding energy of uranium-234 (atomic mass = 234.040947 amu) in units of joules per nucleon. [Data:
neutron mass = 1.674928 1024 g; proton mass = 1.672623 1024 g; electron mass = 9.109387 1028 g; NA = 6.0221367
1023 /mol; c = 2.99792458 108 m/s]
a. 2.97 1010 J/nucleon
d. 1.30 1012 J/nucleon
12
b. 1.22 10 J/nucleon
e. 1.27 1012 J/nucleon
10
c.
3.04 10 J/nucleon
134) Calculate the energy released in joules when one mole of polonium-214 decays according to the equation

RJQB | 13

214
84

Po

210
82

Pb 24 He

[Atomic masses: Pb-210 = 209.98284 amu, Po-214 = 213.99519 amu, He-4 = 4.00260 amu.]
a. 8.78 1014 J/mol
d. 9.75 103 J/mol
b. 7.2 1014 J/mol
e. 1.46 109 J/mol
11
c.
8.78 10 J/mol
135)
Cobalt-60 is a beta emitter with a half-life of 5.3 years. Approximately what fraction of cobalt-60 atoms will remain in a
particular sample after 26.5 years?
a. 1/5
d. 1/32
b. 1/16
e. 1/64
c.
1/26
136) Polonium-208 is an alpha emitter with a half-life of 2.90 years. How many milligrams of polonium from an original sample of
2.00 mg will remain after 8.00 years?
a. 0.147 mg
d. 6.77 mg
b. 0.296 mg
e. 1.90 mg
c.
0.725 mg
137) A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238. The half-life of the decay series U-238 Pb-206 is 4.5 109 yr.
Assuming no Pb-206 was present in the rock initially, how old is the rock?
a. 1.7 109 yr
d. 4.5 109 yr
9
b. 5.2 10 yr
e. 2.4 109 yr
6
c.
2.7 10 yr
138) The Rb-87/Sr-87 method of dating rocks is often used by geologists:
87
37

Rb

87
38

Sr 10

t1/2 = 6.0 1010 yr

Estimate the age of a rock sample in which the present-day mole ratio of Rb-87 to Sr-87 is 36:1.
a. 2.4 109 yr
d. 4.1 1011 yr
9
b. 1.7 10 yr
e. 3.6 1011 yr
11
c.
3.1 10 yr
139) Which one of the following statements about fission and fusion is false?
a. Fission occurs among the heaviest isotopes,
d. The fission of Pu-239 atoms produces a great
whereas fusion occurs more readily for light
number of isotopes of a large number of
isotopes.
elements.
b. For a fission reaction the mass defect (m) is e. Neutron-induced fission processes can occur at
room temperature, rather than at millions of
negative, whereas for fusion m is positive.
degrees.
c.
In order for fusion reactions to occur, temperatures must be in the millions of
degrees.
140) The dose unit of ionizing radiation is called the rad. The rad is defined in terms of
a. the half-life of a radioisotope.
d. the accumulation of fission products.
b. the energy deposited per gram of an object.
e. the number of ions per centimeter.
c.
the biological damage produced.
General Chemistry
7) ANS: D
PTS:
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Answer Section
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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