LearnCBSE.in 5OLUT | Oe SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER - 1 Solved. ‘Maximum Marks: 90 OR Malyalam. 3. It reduces the possibilty of conflict between social groups 44. Municipal Corporation. 5. Belgium, Sri Lankaand United Kindom. 6. Per Capita Income, 7. Primary Sector 8. Secondary Secor. 9. (i) The loss of cattle destroyed Africa livelihoods. (i) Planters, mine owners and colonial governments now successfully monopoliséd what scarce cattle resources remained, to strengthen their power and forced Africans into the labour market, Control over the scarce resource of caltle enabled European eolonisers to conquer and subdue Arica 1x3=3 oR (i) Britain imposed import duties on cotton textiles, thus export market got declined. (ii) Exports of British goods to India increased. Along with Manchester goods flooded Indian markets The machine-made goods were cheaper and weavers could noi compete with them. iv) Raw cotton exports from India to Britain shot upthe prices of cotton. (v) By 1850, reports from most weaving regions got declined and desolated (Any three) 13 =3 on (A tenement is rundo -oversiowded apartment house especially in a poorsection co city. (di) In the 19" cer more people began crowding into American cities oe arcived immigrants seeking beter life. The population rom 18001880 in New York city. This led tothe division iy dings into maple ving space to econmodate the growing cee Ye mmnah pistons tenements were too often «cramped, poorly built and lacked indoor plumbing and proper venillaion, (iv) A full twosthird of the New York city population was living inthe tenement in 1900, (Any three) 1 x3 = 3 (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2013) LearnCBSE.inLearnCBSE.in 10. () By the mi-19!century, Richard M. Hoe of New York had perfected the power driven cylindrical press. This was capable of printing 8,00 sheets per hour. This press was particularly useful for printing newspaper Inthe late 19" century, the offset press was developed which would print up to six colours ata time, (iiyFrom the turn of the 20" century, elecricaly-operated presses accelerated the printing ‘operations. (iv) Other innovations included the improvisation othe methods of feeding paper improved, the ‘quality of plates became better, automatic paper reels and photo-electric control of the colour register were introduced. (v) Dust cover book jackets were introduced, (Any three) 1x3 =3 OR (8) He wrote about the terrible effects of industralisation, (di) He wrote about the pollution thatthe industralisation caused, (iii) Dickens criticised the greed for profits. {v) He cxiticised the idea that human beings were tivated as simple instruments of production. () He talked about the terrible conditions of urban life. {iv) He discussed about the exploitation of children /orphans in ‘Oliver Twist. (Any three) 1x3.=3 (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2012) 11, We an contribute o minimise the pollution by (@) Planting more plants and tees. (i) Using non-conventional sources of energy such as solar and wind energy. (iy Using public transport instead of personal car/ motor bike etc: (iv) Saving water and electricity. (Any thtee) 13 =3 12. (i) Regursoilis also known as biack soil Pi (ii) It is ideal for growing cotton, so itis also known as ‘black cotton soil’, (iyi is madeup of extremely fine clayey material {Gv) Its rich in soil nutrients, calium carbonate, magnesi {() develops cracks in hot weather. (oi) Reambold moisture and is sticky when wet (Any thee) 1x3-=3 (ease Marking Scheme, 2012) 13, The need for the conservation of forests and wildliféin India because = (0) Conservation preserves the ewological diversity and our fe support systems such as water ait and soil (ii) B also preserves the genetic diversity of plants.and animals for beter growth of species and, breeding, {Nationa ars and wile santas west up in many ates to potct he endangered species. 14. In Meghalaya, a 200-year-old system of tapping stream and spring water by using tes pe is prevalent, About 1820 litres of water enters the bamboo pipe syslem, gets transported over hundreds of metres, and finally reduces to 20-80 drops per minute at the site of the plant. (8) Bamboo pipes are used to divert perennial springs from the hiltops tothe lower area reaches by gravity, (ii) The channel sections, made of bamboo, divert water tothe plat site where iis distributed into branches, again mage and laid out with diferent forms of bamboo pipes. The flow of water into the pipes is controlled by manipulating the pipe positions (ii) Reduced chanrel sections and diversion units are used atthe last stage of water application. “The ast channel section enables water to be dropped near the rootsof the plant. 1x3 = 15. () Land reforms : colletivisation, consolidation of land holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari system. ‘Agricultural reforms : Groen Revolution and White Revolution LearnCBSE.inLearnCBSE.in Solutions | (ii) Land development programmes : Provision for crop insurance aginst drought, flocds, cyclones et, tablshment ef Grameen banks Cooperative sce and banks fr providing ns. (iv) Issuing of Kissan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, ete. (v) Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers on radio and TV, (Any three) 1x3=3 16. Vertical division of poner: Vertical division of power means sharingof poweramong governments at different levels. In India, there are three levels ofthe government: (a) For entire country : Ceniral Government Union Government. (b) At the provincial level :State Governments. (6) Atthe local level (ie, ruraland urban): Local sel-governmentslikepanchayatsand municipal «councils. (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2012) 1x3 =3 17. Different forms of social differences : (i) Social differences are based on accident of birth, eg, People around us are male and female, they are tall and short, have different kind of complexions, or have different physical abilities or disabilities. (i) Some differences are based on choices, some people are atheists. They don't believe in God. ‘or any religion. Some people choose to follow a religion other than the one in which they were born Wt 18, Communalism poses a great threat to Indian democracy 2s: (i) Ie leads to the beliet that people belonging to different religions can not live as equal citizens ‘within one nation. Either one of them has to dominate the est or they have to form different rations, (ii) Any attempt tobring followers of one religion together ina context other than religion is bound to suppress many voices within that community. Wiss 14s 3 19, Sustainable economic development means development should take place without damaging the «environment, and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generation. Measures o ensure sustainable development (i) We should avoid indiscriminate use of natural resources (ii) We should find the alternative of non-renewable resources. 14223 20. (i) Role of education : It plays a vital role in t elopment of a human being and society, therfore stress on imparting edu ‘up in our constitution. (Gi) Role of Health: The general health {in india is quite low. This is quite inevitable as nearly one-fourth ofthe population hi the poverty line. (Gi) community-based programme on 1d medical services in rural areas are Ihunched. As a rest of these fallin the incidence of certain diseases like tuberculosis, leprosy and Poli (CBSE Marking Scheme 2013) 1x3 =3 21. The contribution of three sectors of the Indian economy ® ny Sector: When we produ by expaiting natural resures it an avi of primary sector. It forms the’ allother products that we subsequenily make. Eg. farming, Fishing, forestry, mining, et. Secondary Sector: The secondary sector covers activities in whichnatural products are changed Int ether forms through ways of manufacturing that we esoodate with Industral activity Kis the next siep after primary activity. Using sugarcaneas a raw material, we make sugar or gur. We convert earth into bricksand using bricks to make houses and buildings. Since, ths sector ‘gradually became associated with the different kinds of industries that came up, itis also called 4 industrial sestor. (ii) Tertiary Sector: These activities help inthe development ofthe primary and secondary sectors, ‘These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they arean aid ora support forthe production process. Transport, storage, communication, banking, trade are some examples of tertiary activites. Since, these activities generate services rather than goods, the tertiary sector Isalso called the service sector. 1x3=3 LearnCBSE.inLearnCBSE.in 22. (i) The frst movementis the flow of trade of goods. (ii) The second movement isthe flow of people migrating in search of employment. (ii) The third movement isthe flow of capital in terms of short-term and long-term investments done overseas, {iv) Flow of goods and capital was smoother than the flow of people. All three were benefitted ‘ine octengectiies iss ie India: Migration of indentured labourers trade of cotton textile any one) Europe : Selling of Manchester goods in India, (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2012) 4¢1=5 OR (i) The early industrialists avoided a direct competition with British factories (ii) The cotton mills started to produce coarse cotton yarn and this was exported to C (iil) As Swadeshi Movement gathered momentum, industrialist pressurised government to increase tariff protection, (iv) Exports to China declined and domestic markets were taken over by China. (©) During the First World War British government called upon the Indian mills o produce goods such a3 jute bags, boots, et. for British Army. (vi) As the war prolonged, England cculd not capture the Indian markets. (Any five) 1x: (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2012) on ea ey (i). People were afraid to travel underground due to lack of ait. (Gi) The eornpartris ere full of sks taibed by pipes used by e (iii) Many felt that ‘iron monsters’ added to the mass and unhealthiness of the il es (iv) To make approximately two milesof railways, 90 houses had to be dest of railways. (0) Itfedto massive displacement ofthe London poor. (CBSE Marking Scheme, 20 23, (i). Print popularised the ideas of enlightened thinkers on traditions, superstitions and despotism. i) They advocated reasons. Reople read books of Voltaire ane Rousseau. Print created dialogue and debate, (iv) People started discussion and evahiated the royalty, {w) Print literature mocked the royalty (vi) These kind of print literature circulated underground and it created awareness among, and formed the basis of French Revolution, (Any five) 13 = OR ‘Author of ‘Mayor of Casterbridg¢’ is Thomas Hardy: Story: (i) Beis 9 story about Michael ae rain merchant who becomes the Mayor of Casterbridge. He isindependent-ni is own business style, (fi) He was both unpredictably. as cruel with his employees. (Gi) He was no match for hi rival Donald Farfrae who runs business with efficiency and is well-behaved emperament. (iv) From these char ty mourns the loss of the more plersonalised world that is disappearing. Even as he is aware of its problems and the advantages of the new order y (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2012) 1+ 4=5 24. (i) In India, manuscripts were written on palm leaves or on handmade paperbefore the age of print. (ii) Pages were sometimes beautifully illustrated (ii) They would beeither pressed betvreen wooden covers or sewn together to ensure preservation. (iv) Manuscripts continued to be produced til well after the introduction of print, down tothe late nineteenth century. {v) Manuscripts, however, were highly expensive and fragile. Tey had to be handled carefully and. they could not be read easly as script was written in different styles. 1x25 LearnCBSE.inLearnCBSE.in Solutions | OR (8) Munshi Premehand drew tradition of Kissagoistorytalling, His novels ae filled with all kinds of powerful characters, drawn from all levels of society. (1) His novels incude characters such as aristocrats and landlords, middle level peasants and landless labourers and women from margin of society. He focussed on socialists like child marriage, dowry suppression of éown-trodden lasses by landlords, (ii) The women characters are strong, individuals coming from lower classes and are not modernised, (dv) His novels look towards the future without forgetting the importance ofthe past. (0) Drawn rom various seta of society hs characters create comma based incemorac values. Examples of Munshi prem chand novels Rangbhoomi: (i). The central character ofthis novels Surdas who is visually impaired beggar from a so-called ntouchable caste. {i) This novel shows the lives ofthe most oppressed section of society with the hero like ’Surdas. (i We see Surdas struggling against the forcible takeover of his land for establishing a tobacco factory. (iv) The story of Surdas was inspired by Gandhi's persoality andideas. Godan: (i) twas published in 1936 {i) isan epic ofthe Indian peasantry. (i The novel tells the moving story of Hori and his wife Dhania, a peasant couple, (iv) Landlords, moneylenders, priests and colonial bureaucrats all those who hold cok forma network of eppression, rob ther land and make them into landless (©) Yet Hori and Dhania retain their dignity tothe end. (CBES Marking Scheme, 2012) 1 (i) The availabilty of water resources varies over space and ime, mainly due tothe variations in seasonal and annual precipitation. (i) Overexploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water amon, social groups (i) Water scarcity may be an outcome of large and growin; ‘consequent greater demands for water A large population means m ai ees me food. Hence, to facilitate higher food-grain production, water are being over exploited to expand irrigated areas for dry-season agriculture. (iv) Most farmers have their own wells and tubeel in thelr fatmsforirigation to increase thelr production. Butit may’ Sree ee sdversely affecting water availability and food security ofthe people. Thus inspite of abundant water there is water scarcity i E Marking Scheme, 2013) 1%4% 4 = 5 26, Main Features of Federalism: 6) Tsar ror oc erin In he nl (i) Each level of government has its own jurisdiction in matters of legislation, taxation and. administration even thor the same citizens (ii) Power and functions o ‘governments specified and guaranteed by Constitution, (iv) The Supreme Cour ower to settle disputes between federal governments. stitution cannot be altered by any one level of government. It, different levelsis specified by Constitution. and agreement between the government at diferent levels. (Any five) (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2013) 1x5 =5 LearnCBSE.inLearnCBSE.in 27. Secularism means no special statis givento any religion. Its justnot an ideology of some parties ‘or persons. (i) There is no official religion fr the Indian states, unlike the status of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, or that of Islam is Pakistan. (1 Th net rene eo to ctemraehy penct el propaga ry religion, or not to follow any. (il) The constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion. (iv) The Constitution allows tateto intervene in the matters of religion in order to ensure equality, within religious communities. For example, it bans untouchak (CBSE Marking Scheme, 2012) 1+ 4.=5 28, Per capita income is the average income. Itis income per head ofthe population per year: ee Total income of co ‘apita Income = Toga} population Its not an adequate indicator becau {i Itdoes not tellus how this income is distributed. Per capita Income might notbe the income of very individual inthe state. (i) Life expectancy and Infant Mostality Rates are other important criteria for measuring development. (i) Education and Literacy evel are etherindicators of development. {v) Pollution free environment, less corruption, gender equality et. are also important (CBSE Marking Scheme 2012) 1 +143 =5 Le SY ‘outside the control ofthe government. a re aed (There are no rules and regulations followed. (ii) Jobs are low paid and often not regular (i) Noprovision of overtime isthere and no paid holidays or Gv) Employmentis net secure. People can be asked to leave without (¥) Some kind of workis seasonal in nature and ee) ‘unemployed after the season is over. (vi) Noother facilities ike provident fund, gratuity (vii), Working conditions are often poor. No allowe 144s5 (viii) No medical benefit is given, eX (CBSE Marking Scheme 2012) 141s LearnCBSE.in