Chilled Ammonia Process

for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture

4 January, 2008, Nina Kr. Solie

POWER

The Alstom group:

Two main activities, three sectors
Equipment & services

Equipment & services

for power generation

for rail transport

Alstom Power Systems

Alstom Transport

Alstom Power Service

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 2

Our History
SvenskaFlktfabrikken
Flktfabrikken
Svenska
1920
1920

NEBB1873
1873
NEBB

ASEA1883
1883
ASEA

NorskViftefabrikk
Viftefabrikk1932
1932
Norsk

NationalIndustri
Industri1917
1917
National
ABBMilj
Milj1988
1988
ABB
ABBKraft
Kraft1988
1988
ABB
ABBALSTOM
ALSTOMPower
Power1999
1999
ABB

ALSTOM Norway AS in 2000

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 3

CO2 Capture Solutions

Zero emission technology pathways

Power
Power Plant
Plant with
with CO
CO22 Capture
Capture

Pre-combustion
Pre-combustion

Oxy-combustion
Oxy-combustion

Post-combustion
Post-combustion

(New
(New plants
plants only)
only)

(New
(New ++ retrofit)
retrofit)

(New
(New ++ retrofit)
retrofit)

Source: Vattenfall

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 4

Source: Vattenfall

Process Schematic of the Chilled Ammonia

Process
Gas
Water
Rich Solution
Lean Solution
CO2

Steam
REF

From FGD

Stripper

G6

Clean
Combustion
Gas

Pressurized
CO2

G7
Water Wash

G5
Cooling
Cooling

DCC2

REF
REF

G2

G3

G4
Steam

Booster Fan

G1

CO2 Absorber

CO2 Regenerator

DCC1
REF
Bleed

Refrigeration
System

Cooling and
Cleaning
CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 5

CO2 Absorption

CO2 Regeneration

Advantages of Ammonia

Energy efficient capture of CO2

Low heat of reaction
High pressure regeneration

High capacity for CO2 per unit of solution

No degradation during absorption-regeneration
Tolerance to oxygen in flue gas
Low cost and harmless reagent

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 6

Chilled Ammonia Process

Summary Development Plan
2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

1
SMALL BENCH SCALE
(Completed)

First technical
hypotheses

2 LARGE BENCH SCALE

(SRI)

Major
steps

Optimize absorber design

for pilot

Establish absorber
removal rate

To be performed on coal, gas and refinery g

Demonstrate limited
ammonia emissions

Pilots/Demos in Norway, Sweden and USA

FIELD PILOTS
(15,000 tons per year)

Validate key performance parameters

COMMERCIAL DEMONSTRATIONS
(80-100,000 tons per year)

Commercialization

System reliability

Basic concept feasibility to be validated as quickly as possible

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 7

Phase 1 Small Bench Scale Testing

Key Objectives
Establish process potential
Testing of absorber and
regenerator

Generate data to support initial

techno-economic analysis
Identify key issues to be
addressed in later development
stages
Develop process simulation
models to be used to begin
process optimization

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 8

Phase 2 - Large Bench Scale Testing

Key Objectives

Demonstrate potential to achieve acceptable CO2

capture efficiency for a range of CO2 concentrations in
flue gas
Demonstrate low ammonia emission
Measure mass transfer
Optimization of absorber design and operating
conditions
Provide data to support the design of the 5 MW pilots

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 9

Phase 2 - Large Bench Scale Testing

Photo of Absorbers & Water Wash

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 10

Phase 3 - Field Pilot Projects at We Energies and

E.ON
Key Objectives

Validate operation of the entire system on actual flue

gas
Measure heat of reaction to compare against theoretical
values
Develop and evaluate the process control logic and
operating system
Operate the system in long-term tests to identify O&M
issues and establish system reliability
At We Energies, EPRI will develop a techno-economic
analysis to scale up the system for commercial
applications
CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 11

Phase 3 - Field Pilot at We Energies

Project Summary

Commenced field erection July,

2007
Project participation through
EPRI by over 20 US and
international utilities
Pilot commissioning commenced
end of 2007
Testing to continue through 2008
Designed to capture up around
15,000 tons/year of CO2 at full
capacity
Will provide data necessary to
establish proof of concept
CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 12

We Energies Pleasant Prairie Power Plant (P4)

Phase 3 - Field Pilot at We Energies

3-D View of Pilot

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 13

Phase 3 - Field Pilot at We Energies

View from the Pilot construction

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 14

Phase 3 - Field Pilot at E.ON Karlshamn

Project Summary

Designed to capture up around

15,000 tons/year of CO2 at full
capacity
Pilot commissioning and testing to
commence in August 2008
Testing to continue into 2009
CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 15

E.ON Thermal Karlshamn Power Plant, Karlshamn,

Sweden

Phase 4 AEP Mountaineer Commercial

Demonstration
Project Status

Executed MOU in March 2007

Established project budget
Commenced project engineering
RWE partner
Demonstration unit scheduled for
commissioning in 2009
Designed to capture 100,000
tons/yr of CO2 for sequestration in
a well located on the plant property
ALSTOMs scope includes
design, supply, erection,
commissioning, operation and
maintenance
CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 16

AEP Mountaineer Plant, New Haven, W.Va.

Phase 4 StatoilHydro Commercial

Demonstration
Project Status
Executed joint development
contract with Statoil (now
StatoilHydro) for the CAP
technology in August 2007
European Test Center
Mongstad (TCM) will
demonstrate CO2 capture for
flue gases from a natural gas
combined heat and power plant
(CHP) and a catalytic cracker
(FCCU)
Designed to capture 80,000
tons/yr
Demonstrating CAP and Amine
technologies in parallel
Equal share partners in TCM
include Shell, Dong, Vattenfall &
Gassnova
CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture 07 January 2008 - P 17

www.alstom.com

POWER