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S Subject
AS WE START, WE NEED TO KNOW...
V - Verb
INDEPENDENT
CLAUSES (IC)
-
SUBJECT + VERB
He speaks.
DEPENDENT
CLAUSES (DC)
-
PATTERN 1 SIMPLE
SENTENCE
Form:
SV
Examples:
Ali is a boy.
Fasihah loves cooking.
Faris enjoys reading and listening to music.
Salim dislikes Mathematics and Geography.
Halimah and Zahidah are prefects.
Syafiqah and Ziana go to school together.
Two ocean layers are surface and deepwater.
My friends and I love swimming and snorkelling.
PATTERN 2 COMPOUND
Hafizuddin Yahaya
(HBY) 14
Page 1
SENTENCE
First Form:
SV, and SV
CONNECTORS
and
but, yet
for
so
or, nor
Students from Elite classes aced the exam, for they were the chosen
ones.
Nasrin is a member of the school band, and he always comes early for
every meeting.
Aimi does not like to boast, nor did she like to brag about her excellent
result.
The Chronicles of Narnia was written for children, but it is also suitable for
older readers.
You can choose to leave early, or you can stay back and finish the work
now.
Absyar always comes to school early, yet she is always the last to leave.
Firdaus loves detective stories, so he reads all about Sherlock Holmes.
PATTERN 3 COMPLEX
SENTENCE
Connectors:
LOGIC
Cause / Effect
Comparison / Contrast
Place / Manner
Possibility / Condition
Relation
Time
First Form:
CONNECTORS
because, since, so that, in order that
although, even though, though, whereas, while
where, wherever, how, however
if, whether (or not), unless, only if, even if, in
case (that)
that, which, who, whom
as, after, before, since, when, whenever, until
SV because SV
Examples:
-
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Shahir would not give up the relationship however bad he was treated by
the girl.
You will not succeed unless you do your very best.
Tom had many comics when he was younger.
Second Form:
Because SV, SV
Examples:
-
Third Form:
S, because SV, V
Examples:
-
Fourth Form:
SV; however, SV
Connectors:
LOGIC
Adding
Opposition / Contrast
Result / Effect
Similarity
Emphasis
Showing time
Examples:
-
CONNECTORS
in addition, also, besides, furthermore,
moreover
however, instead, otherwise, nevertheless,
nonetheless
therefore, hence, thus, accordingly,
consequently
likewise, similarly
indeed, in fact
Meanwhile
Zuhdi is the schools head prefect; also, he is the districts top debater.
Kamala has tuition tonight; otherwise, she would have gone to the
birthday party.
Sulaiman is diabetic; hence, he cannot eat sweets.
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