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PROJECT TITLED

AMPHIBIOUS BUS
Submitted to

MAHARSHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL


EDUCATION
BY

MEET DEVGANIA (146306)


AMIT SHARMA (146317)
MANAS PARAB (146323)
ABHISHEK JUVEKAR (146324)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Prof. NARESH SHIMPI

Department of Automobile Engineering

SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL POLYTECHNIC


I.C Colony, Link road, Borivali (west),

2014-2015
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the following students of
Third Year Automobile Engineering have
satisfactory completed their project report on
AMPHIBIOUS BUS during the academic year
2014-2015 as per curriculum laid down by
M.S.B.T.E MUMBAI.
NAME
NO

ROLL.

MEET DEVGANIA
146306
AMIT SHARMA
146317
MANAS PARAB
146323
ABISHEK JUVEKAR
146324

PROJECT GUIDE
PRINCIPAL

H.O.D

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(N.R SHIMPI)

(N.R SHIMPI)
Choudhary )

INTERNAL EXAMINER

(A

EXTERNAL

EXAMINER

INST. SEAL

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is the incident of great pleasure in submitting this
project work.
We take this opportunity to express our sincere
gratitude to Prof. N.R Shimpi for his valuable
guidance in this undertaking , without which the Project
report wouldnt be completed. We are grateful to him
for his untiring assistance in this project and have been
encouraging us in eliminating the errors. This Project
has been developed as a result of his valuable advice.
We are also grateful for the co-operation and valuable
suggestions rendered by Prof. N.R Shimpi as the head
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of Department and all other Teaching Staff of


Automobile Department .
Finally we are greatly indebted to management of our
college and express appreciation and thanks to our
Principle Smt. Archana Choudhary for showing keen
interest and providing necessary facilities in completion
the project . We sincerely thanks all other who have
helped us in this project.

INDEX
Sr No

Name Of The Topic

Page No

1.

Introduction

6-8

2.

History

9-15

3.

16-20

4.

Design &
Specification
Hydra Terra

5.

Tourist Attraction

31-44

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21-30

Page

6.

Transport Solution

45-54

7.

55-79

8.

Make In India
Theme
Conclusion

9.

References

82-83

80-81

Abstract :
Public transport in Mumbai involves the transport of
millions of its citizens by train, road and water. Over
88% of the commuters in Mumbai use public transport.
Mumbai has the largest organised bus transport network
among major Indian cities.
Mumbai's public transport consists primarily of rapid
transist on exclusive suburban railway lines augmented
by commuter rail rail on main lines serving outlying
suburbs, the bus services of the three municipalities
making up the metropolitan area, public taxi and auto
rickshaw as well as ferry services. A metro and a
monorail system have recently been inaugurated. This
project report consists the concept of Amphibious bus
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which is the best solution for city transport and also this
bus will create tourist attraction.

If this project is successful it will boost the Mumbai


city transportation and will connect all the rural areas to
urban areas as well as it will save time of transportation
for greater distances within Mumbai cities. This
concept of Amphibious bus has been successful in
various countries such as Great Britain , Australia ,
Dubai , Monaco , Budapest.

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Introduction
An Amphibious vehicle (or simply amphibian), is a
vehicle i.e means of transport , viable on land as well as
on (or under) water. Amphibious vehicle includes
amphibious bicycle , ATVs vehicles , buses , Trucks ,
Military vehicles & Hovercraft.

Water based transport is is lower than for


corresponding volumes of movement by road, rail or
air.
A major advantage is that the main infrastructure
the waterway is often naturally available, which then
has to be trained, maintained and upgraded. Transport
over waterways is especially effective when the source
and/or destination are waterfront locations.

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Using an Amphibious bus will reduce the time


taken for travelling across effective as generally
speaking, operating costs of fuel are low and
environmental pollution various locations in the
Mumbai city at the same time it will create tourist
attraction for international tourists. The amphibious bus
taken is a USA manufacturer named CAMI and the
vehicle name is Hydra Terra. This Report consist of the
idea of launching an Amphibious bus service for Public
Transport & Tourist Attraction in the Mumbai city.

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HISTORY
Alligator tug Bonnechere, 1907

LVT 'Buffalos' taking Canadian troops across the Scheldt in 1944

Some of the earliest known amphibious vehicles were


amphibious carriages, the invention of which is credited
to the Neapolitan polymath Prince Raimondo di Sangro of
Sansevero (July 1770) or Sir Samuel Bentham (1781).
The first known self-propelled amphibious vehicle, a
steam-powered wheeled dredging barge, named
the Orukter Amphibolos, was conceived and built
by United States inventor Oliver Evans in 1805, although
it is disputed to have successfully travelled over land or
water under its own steam.

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Inventor Gail Borden, better known for condensed milk,


designed and tested a sail powered wagon in 1849. On
testing it reportedly tipped over 50 feet from shore, from
an apparent lack of ballast to counteract the force of the
wind in the sail.
In the 1870s, logging companies in eastern Canada and
the northern United States developed a steam-powered
amphibious tug called an "Alligator" which could cross
between lakes and rivers. The most successful Alligator
tugs were produced by the firm of West and Peachey
in Simcoe, Ontario.
Until the late 1920s the efforts to unify a boat and
an automobile mostly came down to simply putting
wheels and axles on a boat hull, or getting a
rolling chassis to float by blending a boat-like hull with
the car's frame. One of the first reasonably well
documented cases was the 1905 amphibious petrolpowered carriage of T. Richmond (Jessup, Iowa, USA).
Just
like
the
world's first
petrol-powered
automobile (1885, Carl Benz) it was a three-wheeler. The
single front wheel provided direction, both on land and in
the water. A three-cylinder petrol combustion-engine
powered the oversized rear wheels. In order to get the
wheels to provide propulsion in the water, fins or buckets
would be attached to the rear wheel spokes. Remarkably
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the boat-like hull was one of the first integral bodies ever
used on a car.
Since the 1920s many diverse amphibious vehicles
designs have been created for a broad range of
applications, including recreation, expeditions, search &
rescue, and military, leading to a myriad of concepts and
variants. In some of them the amphibious capabilities are
central to their purpose, whereas in others they are only
an expansion to what has remained primarily a watercraft
or a land vehicle. The design that came together with all
the features needed for a practical all terrain amphibious
vehicle was by Peter Prell of New Jersey. His design,
unlike others, could operate not only on rivers and lakes
but the sea and did not require firm ground to enter or exit
the water. It combined a boat-like hull with tank-like
tracks. In 1931 he tested a scaled down version of his
invention.
Recently, Gibbs Amphibians has developed a new type of
amphibian, one capable of high speeds on both land and
water. The vehicles use a patented hydraulic system to
raise the wheels into the wheel wells, allowing the
vehicles to plane on water. The vehicles can transition
between land and water modes in about five seconds. The
first Gibbs fast amphibian is the Quadski, introduced in
October 2012. It went on sale in January 2013. On the
other hand, Iguana Yachts, a Frenchcompany created in
2008, has developed a groundbreaking product, with a
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brand
new
patented
technology :
amphibious motorboats featuring all-terrain tracks.
In 2010, a Southern California based company
named WaterCar, set the Guinness World Record for
Fastest Amphibious Vehicle, with their prototype, The
Python, which reached top land speeds of 204 km/hour
(127 mph) and water speeds of 96 km/hour (60 mph;52
knots). Since then, the company launched their first
commercial vehicle, The Panther, which has been featured
on ABC's The Bachelor as well as USA's Royal Pains.
The WaterCar can do 80 mph on land, and 44 mph (80
knots) on sea, and can transition from land to sea in less
than 15 seconds.
CARS

VW Schwimmwagen in
1944

June

Amphicar in Stuttgart, 2005


Main articles: Amphibious automobile and Car-boat
Amphibious automobiles have been conceived from ca.
1900, however the Second World War significantly
stimulated their development. Two of the most significant
amphibious cars to date were developed during World
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War
II.
The
most
proliferous
was
the
German Schwimmwagen, a small jeep-like 4x4 vehicle
designed by the Porsche engineering firm in 1942 and
widely used in World War II. The amphibious bodywork
was designed by Erwin Komenda, the firm's body
construction designer, using the engine and drive train of
the Kbelwagen. An amphibious version of the Willys
MB jeep, the Ford GPA or 'Seep'(short for Sea jeep) was
developed during World War II as well. A specially
modified GPA, called Half-Safe, was driven and sailed
around the world by Australian Ben Carlin in the 1950s.
One of the most capable post-war amphibious off-roaders
was the German Amphi-Ranger, that featured a hull made
of seawater-resistant AlMg2 aluminium alloy. Extensively
engineered, this costly vehicle was proven seaworthy at
a Gale force10 storm off the North Sea coast (Pohl, 1998).
Only about 100 were built those who own one have
found it capable of crossing the English Channel almost
effortlessly.
Purely recreational amphibian cars include the
1960s Amphicar and the contemporary Gibbs Aquada.
With almost 4.000 pieces built, the Amphicar is still the
most successfully produced civilian amphibious car to
date. The Gibbs Aquada stands out due to its capability of
high speed planing on water. Gibbs built fifty Aquadas in
the early 2000s after it was developed by a team
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assembled by founder Alan Gibbs before the company's


engine supplier, Rover, was unable to continue providing
engines. Gibbs and new partner Neil Jenkins reconstituted
the company and are now seeking U.S. regulatory
approval for the Aquada
The Southern California based company, WaterCar,
founded by Dave March, has also built four working
amphibious prototypes, one which holds the Guinness
World Record for World's Fastest Amphibious Vehicle
(The Python). In 2013, March released the company's first
commercial vehicle, The Panther. Since its release,
WaterCar has been popular in the Middle East, selling to
the Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, with six
additional vehicles being sold to the Crown Prince of
Dubai. The WaterCar has also been sold to tech
enthusiasts and residents of Silicon Valley.

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Design &Specification
The ornamental design for an amphibious bus, as
shown and described
DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of an amphibious bus
showing new design;
FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view thereof;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view thereof;
FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view thereof;
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view thereof; and,
FIG. 6 is a side elevation view thereof, With the Wheels
shown in recessed position.

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Hydra Terra

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Description of the Bus:


The Hydra-Terra has been a proven performer with
successful operations in 16 countries around the world
including: Bermuda, Dubai, England, Ireland, Japan,
Malaysia, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Alaska, Boston,
California, Florida, Hawaii, New York, and Rhode
Island. Ingeniously unparalleled, the Hydra-Terra is the
only Coast Guard approved "T" Vessel with our
revoluntionary
positive
buoyancy
foam-filled
conpartments.

Engine(s)
Two marine Caterpillar C7 325 hp Engines
that drive the marine side and one
Caterpillar C7 210 hp for driving on land.

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Construction
3/16" Marine Grade 5052 Plate with 6061
Grade Structural Members. The lower
section below floor in the side sections is
foam filled. The foam fill material meets
Military Specifications and is approved by
the Coast Guard. Unsinkable!
Accommodation
50 seats

Equipment
Instrumentation: Tachometer, gauges, warning lights,
bilge pumps controls.
Electrical Equipment: 12 Volts DC, Secured in locker,
2x batteries + 1x battery for vhf radio. 7kw Inverter.
Navigation Equipment: Navigation Lights, VHF radio.
Garmin GPS, Searchlight, Furuno Depth sounder.
Bathrooms: One full Bathroom. Holding tank.

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Engine Room: Water tight. Fire extinguisher;


Co2 Fire fighting system. Fire detection
system & alarms ; Engine room sound
insulation. Engine, Stern and inside

Cameras.
Sound System: Advanced Hi-FI sound system with 6
speakers. 3 x LCD color televisions attached to thruhull underwater camera. DVD Player, P.A. System.

Electrical Equipment: 130 amp alternator.


Safety Equipment: 50 Lifejackets placed
under each seat, 1 x Life Buoy Rings, 1 x
Sound Signaling Devices, 6 x Handheld
Flares, 3 x Parachute Flares, 2 x Orange
Smoke Signals, 1 x Waterproof Flashlights,
First Aid Kit.
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Ladders: 1 easy loading ladder at entrance


door.
Anchors & Rope: 150 feet of rope and chain.
1 x 30 lb bow anchor, 2 x 30 lb stern
anchors.

Navigation Equipment
Garmin GPS

Safety Equipment
Safety Equipment: 50 Lifejackets placed
under each seat, 1 x Life Buoy Rings, 1 x
Sound Signaling Devices, 6 x Handheld
Flares, 3 x Parachute Flares, 2 x Orange
Smoke Signals, 1 x Waterproof Flashlights,
First A

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Specifications
Vessel type:

Hydra Terra Amphibious Bus

Designer:

C.A.M.I.

Builder:

Hydra Terra

Model:

Hydra Terra Amphibious Bus

Year constructed:

2012

No. of engines:

Engine model:

Caterpillar C7

Engine power:

300

Fuel type:

Diesel

Drive type:

Shaft drive

Length over all:

42'

Beam:

8' 6"

Maximum draft:

4'

Hull material:

Aluminium

Hull colour:

yellow

Fuel capacity:

50 Gallons

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Water capacity:

25 Gallons

Holding tank
capacity:

25 Gallons

ADVANTAGES
1.It can be used in extreme conditions such as cyclone
and heavy winds
2. It moves with higher speed in water.
3. It provides comfortable journey with assurance of
safety.
4. This is the vehicle which can propel in land and
water.
5. By implementation of this project it will reduce the
burden on other public transport such as Railways and
Bus services

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Disadvantages

1. Higher initial cost.


2. Requires regular Maintenance and involves high
Maintenance cost.
3. Limited speed range on road.

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TOURIST ATTRACTION
Essel world. All this Tourist spots are connected
through Waterways Mumbai is located on the coastal
region and is one of the major Tourist city in India.
Every year Tourist from all over the world visit
Mumbai because of its unique location destination
across India are connected to it. If the concept of
Amphibious Bus is implemented it give a boost to the
Tourist Annually.
The Major Tourist spots in Mumbai are Gateway Of
India, Elephanta caves, Water parks & Amusement
parks such as water kingdom &. and cultural heritage,
as this city located in coastal region all Tourist If
Amphibious bus is implemented it will connect all these
Tourist spots. It has being seen that Amphibious bus
implemented in countries like Australia, United
Kingdom, Dubai, Monacco, Budhapest & several other
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countries and has been successful and has been given


higher outputs at the same time Amphibious bus are
immensely popular among International Tourists. A
number of Tourist agencies has undertaken this concept
and are selling Tickets all over the World.
Ports are the points of entry of foreign visitors into
Mumbai.

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Tourism development plan


Mumbai city and suburbs

New tourism projects


Sr no

New Tourism

Indicative cost

Mode of

Products

(Rs)

Functioning

Urban Tourist

30

Public/PPP

village
Convenction

120

PPP

centre
Bollywood

100

PPP

tourism
Cruise

20

PPP

Hip on hop off bus 15

Public/PPP

Amphibious bus

Public/PPP

500
ASSUMPTIO
N

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The above table shows the annual tourists visits in India


. The state of MAHARASHTRA tops in foreign tourists
and ranks 5 in the domestic tourism sector. If the
Amphibious bus is implemented the tourism revenue is
to be increased rapidly.

This project of Amphibious bus needs awareness and


publicity and marketing therefore this project has a
concept to link with tourism of India [tourism ministry
of India] and INCREDIBLE INDIA.
To increase the tourism sector the following aspects are
need to be carried out with research and analysis.

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Market Research
Statistical data is an important tool for the planners and
policy makers not only for planning/ policy formulation
but also to monitor the progress of the schemes and
evaluate their impact. The Ministry of Tourism brings
out an Annual Publication called " India Tourism
Statistics " every year giving details of international and
domestic tourism, including details about the classified
hotels etc. In addition a small brochure called Tourism
Statistics at a Glance is also brought out, giving
updated and latest key statistical data . The Ministry
also estimates month wise Foreign Tourist Arrivals
(FTAs) figures and Foreign Exchange Earnings (FEE)
from tourism, and this is brought out within a time lag
of just 4-5 days.

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Publicity and Marketing


All matters pertaining to printing of posters, brochures,
banners etc. and release of advertisement (print as well
as
electronic).
All matters pertaining to organizing events.
All matters pertaining to information technology up
gradation thereof.

Publicity Information Material


As part of its marketing / publicity activities,
the Ministry of Tourism brings out brochures,
leaflets, maps, films, CDs, etc. on various
topics. Each heading given below details the
theme on an all India basis, based on
availability of the respective products. In
case of the destination folders, the leaflet /
folder / brochure gives the information
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about the place or the destination with


various facets of the facilities available,
sightseeing around the place, important
telephone numbers and the contact points
of India tourism officers. Similarly, the films
deal with the subject in its entirety covering
all destinations of the country.

The following events are to be participated by the


tourism department of India. The Government Of India
Promotes Tourism in other countries through the
Tourism expo . Since our project is a part of Incredible
India the Government

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The following events are held in past few years and are
to be carried out in 2014, 2015, 2016 and so on.
If the concept of Amphibious Bus Is Successful in
Mumbai it will be carried on a large scale in all major
cities across India .

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Transportation solution
The Railway in Mumbai has been experiencing
congestion on all the major rail networks including
Western, Central and Harbor Railway lines. The
following graph indicates congestion in the Western
railway network of Mumbai.

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Transport routes :

The state government has planned the routes for the


amphibious bus which will boost the transportation
for the passengers of the rural areas and also a lot of
time saving can be done.
Union surface and water transport minister Nitin
Gadkari said that Mumbai will get amphibious buses
and roll-on roll-off (ro-ro) services, which will
connect the island city with the distant suburbs. Ro-ro
vessels can carry buses and cars with passengers in
them.

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"The central government will lend full support to the


state in exploring passenger water transport services
on the eastern waterfront. We are placing an order for
an amphibious bus to run it on pilot basis. If it
achieves success, we will run services along the
eastern seafront and other water routes in the
country,"
Gadkari said while interacting with journalists during
his visit to the state legislature in Nagpur, which is
his parliamentary constituency and is hosting the
winter legislative session.
Gadkari told journalists about possible water routes
that can be explored in the Thane creek between the
eastern shore of Mumbai and Bhayandar.

Source Times Of India Date 5 th Jan 2015

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The railway in Mumbai experience extreme rush and


is operating more than its capacity. The residents of the
city mainly travel through the railway and roadways ,
the road network is so busy that it takes a lot more time
to reach the destinations . The analyst say that if Travel
by road in Mumbai you will end up in traffic from
which you will never get out. Therefore the
Amphibious bus is the perfect solution to the traffic of
Mumbai.

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M.T.D.C PROJECT UNDERTAKING


AMPHIBIOUS BUS
After the successful launch of a seaplane service, the
Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation
(MTDC) is toying with the idea of starting an
amphibian bus service at popular tourist spots along the
Mumbai and Konkan coast. The services would be on
the lines of the Duck Services at the Thames in London.
These buses can run on land and water.

The MTDC has invited an expression of interest for the


services. We have received a go-ahead from MTDC
director Valsa Nair Singh for starting an amphibian bus
service. Initially, to make it economically viable, we
plan to start it at the Mumbai port, said Satish Soni,
assistant managing director, MTDC.
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Over the next couple of months, the corporation will


receive a feasibility report from experts. The report is
expected to give information on probable tourist spots,
rules and regulations, tariff structure, capacity of buses
and other technical details, Mr Soni said.
The amphibian buses can ply on land as well as on (or
under) water. The tourists can see some picturesque
locations in and around Mumbai by travelling in it. The
vehicle will take them to the tourist spots at seas around
Mumbai, he added.

In order to boost tourism in coastal areas, the MTDC


has decided to launch the amphibian buses. This will
add entertainment and adventure value to tourism in
Maharashtra. We are currently studying the existing
amphibian bus service in operation at the Thames.
Popularly known as Duck Service, this is one of the
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best attractions for the tourists visiting London, Mr


Soni added

.
Meanwhile, BJP leader and Union shipping and surface
transport minister Nitin Gadkari announced in Nagpur
last week that the

Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) has purchased an


amphibian bus. It will be operated in the Mumbai
harbour and be used to promote tourism apart from
ferrying JNPT staff from Mumbai to JNPT.

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Make in india theme

The Make In India theme launched by the honorable


Prime Minister Of India Narendra Damodardas Modi
aims to increase the domestic manufacturing capacity
of India hence we decided to find the local Indian
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manufacturers

of

various

components

of

the

Amphibious bus .The various manufacturers are as


follows
1. Engine And Transmission
1 C6.6 ACERT Land engine [ Caterpillar India]
2 C7 ACERT Marine propulsion Engine [Caterpillar
India]
3 Spicer Drivetrain Products

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1 C6.6 ACERT Land Engine


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2 C7 Marine Propulsion Engine

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3 Spicer Drivetrain Products


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2. glass
As the amphibious bus requires special type of glass ie
waterproof we carried out research on some of the
manufacturers in India specialize in Glass making .
There were a lot of companies and we decided to take
a Glass Manufacturer Duratuf & Durasafe and
Bangalore Safety Glass Works Pvt. Ltd. Below the
catlog of the same is given.

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3. Digital meters and gauges


Galaxy indiacators india pvt ltd
ABOUT COMPANY:
The company Galaxy indicators India Pvt Ltd has been
in the service of manufacturing and supplying of both
mechanical and Electronic Dashboard Instruments for
all segment of vehicle across India and aboard for the
last 3 decades.

TECHNOLOGY:
In an effort to upgrade the products,quality and
technology, the company has tried up for technical
collaboration with renowned instruments major M/s.
Zhucheng New oriental Auto meters Co Ltd china.
Zhucheng has achieved a number of milestone in
instrument technology whose products are praised and
used by Automobile majors worldwide.

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4. Tyres

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5. Seats
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6. Body and hull

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CONCLUSION:
As a team we did this study project very effectively all
the four members of our team worked equally and
efficiently. Our team had some weakness as well as
strong zones we worked as a team and no disputes
were resolved in no time.
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With help of this project we learned the skills of


Transport Management also we had seen some design
patents of Amphibious bus.
Our HOD Prof. Naresh Shimpi guided us too and
helped to make our study project with precision.

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REFRENCES:
1. www.wikipedia.com
2. www.camillc.com
3. www.camillc.com/hydraterra.html
4. www.tourism.gov.in
5. www.mcgm.gov.in
6. www.spicerindia.in
7. www.duratufglass.com
8. www.catepillar.com/india
9. www.makeinindia.com
10. www.mygov.in
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