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Contents
1. The Air interface
2 LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
3. Dynamic Resource Allocation
Page2
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks
1.2 3GPP Releases
1.3 Radio Interface Techniques
1 4 Transmission Modes
1.4
1.5 Spectrum Usage
1.6 Principles of OFDM
Page3
Page4
Page5
Other
cdmaOne
(IS-95)
D-AMPS
(IS-136)
Page6
Service
Theoretical Data
Rate
2G GSM
Circuit Switched
Data Service
9.6kbit/s or
14.4kbit/s
9.6kbit/s or
14.4kbit/s
2 5G GPRS
2.5G
Packet Switched
Data
171 2kbit/s
171.2kbit/s
4kbit/s to 50kbit/s
2.75G EDGE
Packet Switched
Data
473.6kbit/s
120kbit/s
Page7
UMTS
WCDMA
UMTS
TD-CDMA
CDMA2000
TD-SCDMA
Page8
Page9
LTE
Advanced
WiMAX
802.16m
Page10
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks
1.2 3GPP Releases
1.3 Radio Interface Techniques
1 4 Transmission Modes
1.4
1.5 Spectrum Usage
1.6 Principles of OFDM
Page11
3GPP Releases
Release 6
HSUPA
5.76Mbit/s
GSM
9.6kbit/s
HSDPA
14.4Mbit/s
Phase 1
Release
l
5
HSPA+
28.8Mbit/s
42Mbit/s
Release 7/8
Page12
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks
1.2 3GPP Releases
1.3 Radio Interface Techniques
1 4 Transmission Modes
1.4
1.5 Spectrum Usage
1.6 Principles of OFDM
Page13
OFDMA
TDMA
CDMA
Page14
Time
Frequency
Page15
Time
Frequency
Page16
Time
Frequency
Page17
Orthogonal
g
Frequency
q
y Division
Multiple Access
Power
Time
Frequency
Page18
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks
1.2 3GPP Releases
1.3 Radio Interface Techniques
1 4 Transmission Modes
1.4
1.5 Spectrum Usage
1.6 Principles of OFDM
Page19
Transmission Modes
Frequency Division Duplex
Channel
Bandwidth
Channel
Bandwidth
Uplink
Downlink
Duplex
p Spacing
p
g
Page20
Frequency
Transmission Modes
Time Division Duplex
Asymmetric
Allocation
Downlink
Uplink
Downlink
TDD Frame
Uplink
TDD Frame
Page21
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks
1.2 3GPP Releases
1.3 Radio Interface Techniques
1 4 Transmission Modes
1.4
1.5 Spectrum Usage
1.6 Principles of OFDM
Page22
Time
i
GSM Bands
Operating Band
Frequency
Band
Uplink Frequency
(MHz)
Downlink
Frequency (MHz)
GSM 400
450
450.4 - 457.6
460.4 - 467.6
GSM 400
480
478.8 - 486.0
488.8 - 496.0
GSM 850
850
824.0 - 849.0
869.0 - 894.0
900
890.0 - 915.0
935.0 - 960.0
900
880.0 - 915.0
925.0 - 960.0
GSM-R ((R-GSM))
900
876.0 - 880.0
921.0 - 925.0
DCS 1800
1800
1710.0 - 1785.0
1805.0 - 1880.0
PCS 1900
1900
1850 0 - 1910.0
1850.0
1910 0
1930 0 - 1990.0
1930.0
1990 0
Page23
UMTS Bands
Operating Band
Frequency
B d
Band
Uplink Frequency
(MH )
(MHz)
Downlink
F
Frequency
(MH
(MHz))
2100
1920 - 1980
2110 - 2170
II
1900
1850 - 1910
1930 - 1990
III
1800
1710 - 1785
1805 - 1880
IV
1700
1710 - 1755
2110 - 2155
850
824 - 849
869 - 894
VI
800
830 - 840
875 - 885
VII
2600
2500 - 2570
2620 - 2690
VIII
900
880 - 915
925 - 960
IX
1700
1749.9 - 1784.9
1844.9 - 1879.9
1700
1710 - 1770
2110 - 2170
XI
1500
1427.9 - 1452.9
1475.9 - 1500.9
XII
700
698 - 716
728 - 746
XIII
700
777 - 787
746 - 756
XIV
700
788 - 798
758 - 768
Page24
Page25
Europe, Middle
East, Africa,
and most of
A i /P ifi
Asia/Pacific.
GSM 900
GSM 1800
GSM 850
GSM 1900
Page26
Band I
((WCDMA
2100)
Band IV
((WCDMA
1700)
Band VIII
(WCDMA
900)
Band V
(WCDMA
850)
Page27
Duplex
FDL_low
FDL_high
NOffs-DL
NDL
FUL_low
FUL_high
NOffs-UL
NUL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
(MHz)
2110
1930
1805
2110
869
875
2620
925
1844.9
2110
1475.9
728
746
758
(MHz)
2170
1990
1880
2155
894
885
2690
960
1879.9
2170
1500.9
746
756
768
0
600
1200
1950
2400
2650
2750
3450
3800
4150
4750
5000
5180
5280
0-599
600-1199
1200-1949
1950 2399
1950-2399
2400-2649
2650-2749
2750-3449
3450-3799
3800-4149
4150-4749
4750-4999
5000-5179
5180-5279
5180
5279
5280-5379
(MHz)
1920
1850
1710
1710
824
830
2500
880
1749.9
1710
1427.9
698
777
788
(MHz)
1980
1910
1785
1755
849
840
2570
915
1784.9
1770
1452.9
716
787
798
18000
18600
19200
19950
20400
20650
20750
21450
21800
22150
22750
23000
23180
23280
18000-18599
18600-19199
19200-19949
19950 20399
19950-20399
20400-20649
20650-20749
20750-21449
21450-21799
21800-22149
22150-22749
22750-22999
23000-23179
23180-23279
23180
23279
23280-23379
17
FDD
734
746
5730
5730-5849
704
716
23730
23730-23849
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
1900
2010
1850
1930
1910
2570
1880
2300
1920
2025
1910
1990
1930
2620
1920
2400
36000
36200
36350
36950
37550
37750
38250
38650
36000 36199
36000-36199
36200-36349
36350-36949
36950-37549
37550-37749
37750-38249
38250-38649
38650-39649
1900
2010
1850
1930
1910
2570
1880
2300
1920
2025
1910
1990
1930
2620
1920
2400
36000
36200
36350
36950
37550
37750
38250
38650
36000 36199
36000-36199
36200-36349
36350-36949
36950-37549
37550-37749
37750-38249
38250-38649
38650-39649
Page28
Carrier Frequency
q
y EARFCN
Calculation
eNB
UE
Page29
Example
100kHz Raster
Uplink
Downlink
1937 4MH
1937.4MHz
2127 4MH
2127.4MHz
FDL = FDL_low + 0.1(N
0 1(NDL - NOffs-DL)
NDL =
NDL =
(FDL - FDL_low)
0.1
+ NOffs-DL
(2127.4 - 2110)
+ 0 = 174
0.1
Page30
Frequency
q
y
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks
1.2 3GPP Releases
1.3 Radio Interface Techniques
1 4 Transmission Modes
1.4
1.5 Spectrum Usage
1.6 Principles of OFDM
Page31
Principles of OFDM
eNB
UE
Page32
Subcarrier
Frequency
Channel
Bandwidth
Page33
OFDM Subcarriers
Orthogonal
Subcarriers
Page34
IFFT
Page35
Page36
Page37
OFDM
Peak to Average Power Ratio
PAPR (Peak to Average
Power Ratio) Issue
Peak
Average
Page38
Delay Spread
Time
Page39
Page40
Cyclic Prefix
Page41
Contents
1. The Air interface
2 LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
1.
2.
Downlink Related
3.
Uplink Related
4.
Other Procedures
Page42
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
1.
b)
c)
d)
OFDM Signal
Si
lG
Generation
ti
Page43
Uu Interface
E UTRA
E-UTRA
Uu
UE
1.4MHz,
1
4MHz 3MHz,
3MHz
5MHz, 10MHz,
15MHz, 20MHz
eNB
Page44
E-UTRAN
EPC
S1-MME
UE
RRC
Control
Plane
MME
S11
eNB
S1-U
S5/S8
S-GW
PDN-GW
Page45
E UTRA Protocols
E-UTRA
Control Plane
NAS Signaling
User Plane
RRC
NAS User - IP
PDCP
PDCP
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
PHY
PHY
UE
eNB
Page46
NAS Signaling
eNB
Page47
ESM Procedures
Attach
Detach
Service Request
E t d d Service
Extended
S i Request
R
t
UE Requested
R
t d PDN Connectivity
C
ti it
GUTI Reallocation
Authentication
UE Requested
q
Bearer Resource Allocation
Identification
EMM Status
ESM Status
EMM Information
NAS T
Transport
Paging
Page48
Page49
NAS Signaling
RRC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
eNB
Page50
Page51
Page52
Physical Layer
Error Detection
FEC Encoding/Decoding
Rate Matching
pp g of Physical
y
Channels
Mapping
Power Weighting
Modulation and Demodulation
q
y and Time Synchronization
y
Frequency
Radio Measurements
MIMO Processing
Transmit Diversityy
Beamforming
RF Processing
NAS Signaling
RRC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
eNB
Page53
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
1.
b)
c)
d)
OFDM Signal
Si
lG
Generation
ti
Page54
LTE Channels
Logical
Channels
Transport
Channels
Physical
Channels
Radio
Channels
Page55
Logical Channels
Page56
Page57
UE
SRB 0
CCCH
SRB 0
CCCH
SRB 1
DCCH
SRB 2
DCCH
eNB
Low Priority
NAS Signaling
Page58
Page59
eNB
RACH
UL-SCH
Page60
Page61
Page62
Radio Channels
Radio
Channel
FDD
UE
Page63
Page64
Page65
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
1.
b)
c)
d)
OFDM Signal
Si
lG
Generation
ti
Page66
Page67
Page68
Downlink CP Parameters
Configuration
CP Length (Ts)
Time
Delay
Spread
~ 5.208s
~ 1.562km
~ 4.688s
4 688s
~ 1.406km
1 406km
Normal Cyclic
Prefix
f = 15kHz
Extended Cyclic
Prefix
f = 15kHz
~16.67s
~ 5km
f = 7.5kHz
7 5kHz
1024 for 0,
0 1,
1 2
~ 33.33
33 33 s
~ 10km
Page69
Normal CP Configuration
Larger first CP when
Normal CP is configured
DL
Nsymb
OFDM Symbols
y
((= 7 for Normal CP))
0
160
2048
1
144
2048
2
144
2048
3
144
2048
4
144
2048
5
144
Page70
2048
6
144
2048
Page71
Subframe Number
0
5ms
5ms
5ms
10ms
10ms
10ms
5ms
Configuration
Page72
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
1.
b)
c)
d)
OFDM Signal
Si
lG
Generation
ti
Page73
Layers
Modulation
Mapper
Layer
M
Mapper
Precoding
g
Modulation
Mapper
Page74
Codeword,, Layer
y and Antenna Port
Mapping
Codeword
Rank 1
Rank 2
Rank 3
Rank 4
1 Layer
2 Layers
3 Layers
4 Layers
1, 2 or 4
A
Antenna
Ports
2 or 4
A
Antenna
Ports
4 Antenna
P t
Ports
4 Antenna
P t
Ports
Page75
Scrambling
Interference
F1
F1
No
g
Scrambling
PRB
PRB
eNB
eNB
Page76
Modulation Mapper
Page77
101111
101101
100101
100111
000111
000101
001101
001111
101110
101100
100100
100110
000110
000100
001100
001110
101010
101000
100000
100010
000010
000000
001000
001010
101011
101001
100001
100011
000011
000001
001001
001011
-7
-5
-3
-1
111011
111001
110001
110011
010011
010001
011001
011011
111010
111000
110000
110010
010010
010000
011000
011010
111110
111100
110100
110110
010110
010100
011100
011110
111111
111101
110101
110111
010111
010101
011101
011111
5
3
1
-1
-3
-5
-7
Page78
Layers (v)
Single
g Antenna
v=1
P=1
Transmit Diversity
v=P
P1 (2 or 4)
Spatial Multiplexing
1vP
P1 (2 or 4)
Page79
P
Precoding
di
CDD (Cyclic
D l
Delay
Diversity
Page80
sl p t
ak p ,l e j 2kf tNCP,lTs
DL RB
N DLN RB / 2
RB sc
k NRB Nsc / 2
j 2kf t NCP,lTs
p
ak ,l e
k 1
Page81
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
Downlink Related
a)
b)
c)
d)
29D
2.9
Downlink
li k LTE Ph
Physical
i l Ch
Channels
l
e)
f)
Page82
OFDMA in LTE
Frequency
Device is allocated one
or more PRB (Physical
Resource Blocks)
Channel
Bandwidth
E.g. 3MHz
OFDMA
PRB consists of 12
subcarriers for 0.5ms
Time
Page83
Physical
y
Resource Blocks and
Resource Elements
Radio Frame = 10ms
NRBDL
NSCRB Sub
bcarriers = 12
2
Physical
Ph
i lR
Resource
Block
Resource
esou ce
Element
NSymbDL
Page84
Configuration
NSCRB
N
Normal
lC
Cyclic
li Prefix
P fi
f = 15kHz
15kH
Extended Cyclic
Prefix
f = 15kHz
f = 7.5kHz
k
NSymbDL
7
12
24
Page85
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
Downlink Related
a)
b)
c)
d)
29D
2.9
Downlink
li k LTE Ph
Physical
i l Ch
Channels
l
e)
f)
Page86
Downlink Cell ID
nization
o
r
h
c
n
y
nk S
D ow n l i
Signals
(1)
(2)
Ncell
ID = 3NID + NID
eNB
UE
Page87
62
Subcarriers
72
Subcarriers
SSS (Secondary
Synchronization
Sequence)
Slots
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Radio Frame
Repeated in
slots 0 and 10
Page88
Page89
m0
m1
N ID
m0
m1
N ID
m0
m1
N ID
m0
m1
N ID
m0
m1
34
68
12
102
15
19
136
22
27
35
69
10
13
103
16
20
137
23
28
36
70
11
14
104
17
21
138
24
29
37
71
12
15
105
18
22
139
25
30
167
33
67
11
101
14
18
135
21
26
Page90
SSS Scrambling
Length 31 Sequence
Cyclic Shift based on
NID(1)
s0 (m0)
Scrambling
sequence z
s1(m1)
s1(m1)
c1 and z1(m0)
c0
Subframe 0
62 interleaved
i
l
d
bits
s0(m0)
c1 and z1(m1)
c0
Subframe 5
Scrambling sequence c0
and c1 based on NID(2)
Page91
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
Downlink Related
a)
b)
c)
d)
29D
2.9
Downlink
li k LTE Ph
Physical
i l Ch
Channels
l
e)
f)
Page92
UE Specific
Page93
Cell Specific
p
Reference Signals
g
One Antenna Port
Page94
Cell Specific
p
Reference Signals
g
Cell ID Offset
Physical Cell ID = 0
R
eNB
R
R
Physical Cell ID = 8
RS position is
based on Physical
Cell ID (Physical
Cell ID mod 6)
R
R
R
R
eNB
Page95
Cell Specific
p
Reference Signals
g
Two Antenna Port Configuration
Antenna Port 0
R
R
Antenna Port 1
Page96
Cell Specific
p
Reference Signals
g
Four Antenna Port Configuration
Page97
Page98
Page99
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
Downlink Related
a)
b)
c)
d)
29D
2.9
Downlink
li k LTE Ph
Physical
i l Channels
Ch
l
e)
f)
Page100
eNB
UE
Page101
PBCH
10ms Frame
Page102
PCFICH ((Physical
y
Control Format
Indicator Channel) - CFI Mapping
CFI Value
N RB 10
DL
DL
Page103
Channel Coding
(Block1/16)
S
Scrambling
bli
Modulation
Layer Mapping
Precoding
g
Mapping to REs
OFDM Symbols
allocated
ll t d tto
PDCCH
PCFICH
NRBDL
Cell
DL
k = (NRB
sc /2)(NID mod 2NRB)
Reserved RSs
k=k
DL
k = k + NRB
)/2 NRB
sc /2
DL
RB
k = k + 2NRB)/2 Nsc /2
RB
k = k + 3NDL
RB)/2 Nsc /2
Page104
CFI Codewords
CFI
<0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1>
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
<1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0>
<1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1>
1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1
4 (Reserved)
<0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0>
Page105
PDCCH ((Physical
y
Downlink Control
Channel)
Frame - 10ms
0
Downlink
Control
Region
Page106
Page107
PHICH
R
3
3
x
3
3
R
6
6
x
6
6
R
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
7
7
7
7
Page108
Page109
Search Spaces
Candidate
Aggregation Set
for Common
Control
Candidate
Aggregation Set
for UE-specific
Control
8 - CCE
4 - CCE
2 - CCE
CCE
1 - CCE
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Common Search Space
Page110
PHICH ((Physical
y
Hybrid
y
Indicator
Channel)
Page111
PHICH Mapping
Up to eight
ACK/NACK per
PHICH Group
Group 0
DL
Ngroup
PHICH
2 Ng (NDL
RB /8)
For normall CP
For extended CP
Where: Ng = 1/6,
1/6 ,
1 or 2
Page112
PCFICH
PHICH
Mapping
Equation
Normal
PHICH
Extended
PHICH
Page113
PDSCH ((Physical
y
Downlink Shared
Channel)
Subframe
PDSCH
S b l
Symbols
PDSCH
Symbol
Mapping
Reserved for
Control
Page114
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
Downlink Related
a)
b)
c)
d)
29D
2.9
Downlink
li k LTE Ph
Physical
i l Ch
Channels
l
e)
f)
Page115
Usage
Scheduling of PUSCH
1A
1B
1C
1D
Co pac scheduling
Compact
sc edu g of
o one
o e PDSCH
SC codeword
codewo d with
w precoding
p ecod g and
a d
power offset information (multi-user MIMO)
2A
3A
Page116
DCI Format 0
Flag for format0/format1A differentiation - 1 bit, where value 0 indicates format 0 and
value 1 indicates format 1A.
Hopping flag.
UL index - This field is present only for TDD operation with uplink
uplink-downlink
downlink
configuration 0.
DAI (Downlink Assignment Index) - This field is present only for TDD operation with
uplink-downlink configurations 1-6.
CQI Request.
Request
Page117
DCI Format 1
R
Resource
allocation
ll
i header
h d (resource
(
allocation
ll
i type 0 / type 1).
1)
Redundancy version.
Downlink Assignment
g
Index - This field is p
present in TDD
Page118
DCI Format 1A
Preamble Index.
Page119
Flag
g for format0/format1A differentiation - 1 bit,, where value 0 indicates
format 0 and value 1 indicates format 1A.
HARQ p
process number.
R d d
Redundancy
version.
i
Page120
DCI Format 1B
HARQ
Qp
process number.
Redundancy version.
Page121
DCI Format 1C
Page122
DCI Format 1D
Modulation
d l
and
d coding
d
scheme.
h
Redundancy version.
Downlink p
power offset - This is required
q
for downlink MU-MIMO
Page123
DCI Format 2
Page124
DCI Format 2A
One codeword: Codeword 0 enabled,
Codeword 1 disabled
Bit field
mapped to
index
Message
Bit field
mapped
to index
Message
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Page125
DCI Format 3
N format 0
2
Page126
DCI Format 3A
M Lformat 0
and where:
Lformat
f
t0
is equal
q
to the p
payload
y
size of format 0 before CRC attachment.
Page127
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
Downlink Related
a)
b)
c)
d)
29D
2.9
Downlink
li k LTE Ph
Physical
i l Ch
Channels
l
e)
f)
Page128
Initial Procedures
PLMN/Cell
Selection
Downlink Synchronization
Complete
Page129
Cell Search
Page130
eNB
eNB
eNB
504 Unique
q Cell
Identities
Page131
PSS Correlation
Subframe
PSS0
PSS1
PSS2
Correlation
Page132
SSS Correlation
Page133
SI Messages
g - PBCH and the Master
Information Block
Page134
SI Block Type 1
SIB1 (System Information Block Type 1)
PLMN Identity List
Tracking Area Code
E-CGI (Evolved Cell Global Identity)
Cell Barred Indication
Intra Frequency Reselection
CSG Indication
CSG Identity
Qrxlevminoffset
P Max
P-Max
Frequency Band Indicator
Scheduling Info List
SIB Window Length (1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40ms)
System Info Value Tag
Page135
SI Block Type 1
Page136
Page137
System Info Value Tag - Common for all SIBs other than MIB,
SIB1, SIB10 and SIB11.
Page138
Example of SI Mapping
SI2 {rf16, SIB6, SIB7, SIB8, SIB9}
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 SFN
Page139
Page140
SI Block Type 4
4,5,6,7,8,9
56789
Page141
PLMN Selection
3G Visited
PLMN
PLMN selection
mayy be initiated
automatically or
manually
LTE Visited
PLMN
Node B
eNB
UE
LTE Home eNB
PLMN
Page142
Cell Selection
Qrxlevmeas
Srxlev > 0
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) - Pcompensation
Page143
Description
Srxlev
Qrxlevmeas
Qrxlevmin
Qrxlevminoffset
Pcompensation
PUMAX
Page144
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
3. Uplink Related
a)
b)
c)
Timing Relationships
d)
e)
f)
g)
Page145
Time Domain
Subcarrier
M
Mapping
i
CP
I
Insertion
ti
Page146
Page147
Page148
SC-FDMA Signal
g
Generation
Equation
sl t
UL RB
N sc / 2 1
N RB
UL RB
k N RB
N sc / 2
a k ( ) ,l e
j 2 k 1 2 f t N CP ,l Ts
Page149
SC FDMA vs.
SC-FDMA
vs OFDMA
Feature
SC-FDMA
OFDMA
Low PAPR
Performance
Uplink MIMO
Page150
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
3. Uplink Related
a)
b)
c)
Timing Relationships
d)
e)
f)
g)
Page151
PRACH
PUSCH
PUCCH
Page152
PRACH ((Physical
y
Random Access
Channel)
Page153
UE - A
UE - B
eNB
UE - A
UE - B
UE B
B delay
due to distance
Page154
Allocated
Subframes
TSEQ
(Ts)
TCP
(Ts)
TCP (s)
TGT
(Ts)
TGT
(s)
Max.
Delay
S
Spread
d
(s)
Max Cell
Radius
(k )
(km)
24576
3168
103.125
2976
96.875
5.208
14.531
24576
21024
684.375
15840
515.625
16.666
77.344
49152
6240
203.125
6048
196.875
5.208
29.531
49152
21024
684.375
21984
715.625
16.666
102.65
4 (TDD)
Special
Frame
4096
448
14.583
576
18.75
16.666
4.375
Page155
Subframe 1ms
Format 3
F
Format
2
Format 1
6
PRB
Format 0
CP
Page156
PRACH Configuration
SSubframe
bf
0
SSubframe
bf
1
SSubframe
bf
2
RB 24
839
Subcarriers
1 25kH
1.25kHz
(6RBs)
C
P
ZC
RB 0
Page157
Preamble
Format
System
Frame
Number
Subframe
Number
Even
Even
Even
Any
Any
Any
y
Any
1, 6
Any
2 ,7
Any
3, 8
Any
1, 4, 7
10
Any
2, 5, 8
11
Any
3, 6, 9
12
Any
0 2,
0,
2 4
4, 6
6, 8
13
Any
1, 3, 5, 7, 9
14
Any
0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9
15
Even
63
Even
Page158
PRACH Configuration
g
and Preamble
Sequences per Cell
Constant amplitude
Autocorrelation
l i
Cross correlation
Page159
PUSCH ((Physical
y
Uplink
p
Shared
Channel)
Subframe
PDSCH
Symbol
Mapping
Page160
Page161
PUCCH ((Physical
y
Uplink
p
Control
Channel)
Page162
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
3. Uplink Related
a)
b)
c)
Timing Relationships
d)
e)
f)
g)
Page163
FDD Timing
Page164
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
3. Uplink Related
a)
b)
c)
Timing Relationships
d)
e)
f)
g)
Page165
Page166
Sequence Groups (0
(0-29)
29) - This is cell specific.
specific
Page167
Sequence
q
Group
p Selection
Fixed Group
Group Hopping
Page168
PUSCH DRS
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Slot
Slot
12
2 Subcaarriers
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Subframe
Page169
12
2 Subcaarriers
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Slot
Slot
Extended CP
DRS Location
Subframe
Page170
Subframe
No Channel
Information
eNB
UE
Assigned
i
d
Resources
No Channel
Information
Page171
S bf
Subframe
eNB
UE
SRS
Page172
SRS Allocation
SRS Symbol
y
UE 1 and 2 (Using
different cyclic
shifts)
Subframe
Page173
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
3. Uplink Related
a)
b)
c)
Timing Relationships
d)
e)
f)
g)
Page174
PUCCH Formats
PUCCH
F
Format
t
Description
Modulation
T
Type
Bits per
subframe
bf
Scheduling Request
N/A
N/A
1a
ACK/NACK
BPSK
QPSK
QPSK
20
QPSK+BPSK
21
QPSK+QPSK
22
ACK/NACK+SR
1b
ACK/NACK
ACK/NACK+SR
CQI/PMI or RI
(CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK
(Extended CP only)
2a
(CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK
(normal CP only)
2b
(CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK
(normal CP only)
Page175
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
3. Uplink Related
a)
b)
c)
Timing Relationships
d)
e)
f)
g)
Page176
Identify
PRACH
Format
Send
Preamble
Receive
p
Response
Yes
MAC
Connection
Resolution
Decode
Response
SRB
Established
Page177
UE
Page178
PRACH Probing
eNB indicates the
preamble/ZC
bl /ZC sequence
was received and
includes initial UL grant
PRACH
Power
Controll
Noise/
Interference
SScheduled
h d l dM
Message
E.g. RRC Connection
Request
PRACH
PRACH
PRACH
PDCCH
DL SCH
DL-SCH
PUSCH
Page179
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
3. Uplink Related
a)
b)
c)
Timing Relationships
d)
e)
f)
g)
Page180
eNB
UE
Page181
Page182
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
4.
Other Procedures
a)
Paging Procedures
b)
HARQ Operation
c)
Diversity Options
Page183
Paging Issues
Page184
Buffered in eNB
Paging Message
for this UE
eNB
DRX improves battery
performance
f
UE
Page185
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
4.
Other Procedures
a)
Paging Procedures
b)
HARQ Operation
c)
Diversity Options
Page186
ARQ vs.
vs HARQ
ARQ
Implemented at RLC Layer
Slow Retransmission
Not optimized for Radio Interference
UE
eNB
HARQ
Not New used in HSPA and HSPA+
Implemented at MAC and PHY Layers
Fast Retransmission
Optimized for Radio Interference
Improved system efficiency
Page187
eNB
ACK
UE acknowledges and next
transmission can be sent
UE
Page188
New
data
Retransmission
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3
eNB
A A A A A A A A A A N A A A A
UE
Page189
Page190
Synchronous HARQ.
Page191
PDCCH seen by
y
the UE
UE behaviour
ACKorNACK
NewTransmission
NewtransmissionaccordingtoPDCCH
ACKorNACK
Retransmission
RetransmissionaccordingtoPDCCH
(adaptiveretransmission)
ACK
None
No(re)transmission,keepdatainHARQ
bufferandaPDCCHisrequiredtoresume
retransmissions
NACK
None
Nonadaptiveretransmission
Page192
Page193
Subframe
4
Subframe
5
Subframe
6
Subframe
7
Subframe
8
Downlink
l k
Subframe
3
Subframe
4
Subframe
5
Subframe
6
PUSCH
Subframe
7
Subframe
8
Uplink
Page194
Contents
2. LTE Air Interface General Principles
4.
Other Procedures
a)
Paging Procedures
b)
HARQ Operation
c)
Diversity Options
Page195
Page196
Transmission Modes
Page197
Page198
Spatial
p
Multiplexing
p
g Interference
Issues
Page199
Page200
AMS Point
P i
eNB
UE
Page201
Feedback Reporting
Page202
Modulation
Efficiency
out of range
QPSK
78
0.1523
QPSK
120
0.2344
QPSK
193
0.3770
QPSK
308
0.6016
QPSK
449
0.8770
QPSK
602
1.1758
16QAM
378
1.4766
16QAM
490
1.9141
16QAM
616
2.4063
10
64QAM
466
2 7305
2.7305
11
64QAM
567
3.3223
12
64QAM
666
3.9023
13
64QAM
772
4.5234
14
64QAM
873
5.1152
15
64QAM
948
5.5547
Page203
Contents
1. The Air interface
2 LTE Air Interface General Principles
2.
3. Dynamic Resource Allocation
3.1 Scheduling Principles and Signaling
32D
3.2
Dynamic
i and
d Semi
S iP
Persistent
i t t SScheduling
h d li
Page204
Page205
EPC
MME
UE
VoIP
PDN-GW
eNB
S-GW
UE
FTP
Packet
Classifier
Packet
Scheduler
VoIP
FTP
VoIP
x5
FTP
X2
Page206
Feedback
e.g. CQI
Guaranteed
Bearers
Buffer
ff
Status
UE
eNB
UE
eNB
Configuration
UE Category
Bandwidth
Configuration
Page207
Modulation
Order
TBS
Index
MCS
Index
Modulation
Order
TBS
Index
I MCS
Qm
I TBS
I MCS
Qm
I TBS
16
15
17
15
18
16
19
17
20
18
21
19
22
20
23
21
24
22
25
23
10
26
24
11
10
27
25
12
11
28
26
13
12
29
Reserved
14
13
30
15
14
31
Page208
Contents
3. Dynamic Resource Allocation
3.1 Scheduling Principles and Signaling
3.2 Dynamic and Semi Persistent Scheduling
Page209
Dynamic Scheduling
Page210
Thank you
www.huawei.com
Page211