PHYSICS 2: HSC COURSE 2nd edition (Andriessen et al)

Chapter 2: Launching into space (pages 33-4)

WORKED SOLUTIONS
8.
Consider the vertical motion up to the peak:
u y = 5 sin 80 = 4.92 m s 1
v y2 = u y2 + 2a y y
0 2 = 4.92 2 + 2(9.8)y
y = 1.24 m
Therefore, the maximum height = 1.24 + 1.9 = 3.14 m above the ground.

9.

30 km h-1 = 8.3 m s-1

uy = 8.3 sin 30 = 4.17 m s-1
ux = 8.3 cos 30 = 7.22 m s-1

(a) Consider the vertical motion after take off and up to peak.

v y2 = u 2y + 2a y y
0 2 = 4.17 2 + 2(9.8)y
y = 0.89 m
Therefore, the maximum height = 0.89 + 1.5 = 2.39 m above the ground.
(b) Continue with the vertical motion to the peak to find t.
vy = u y + ayt
0 = 4.17 9.8t
t = 0.426 s
Trip time = 2t = 2 0.426 0.851 s
Now look at the horizontal motion to find range.

x = u x t
= 7.22 0.851
= 6.14 m

10.
uy = 35 sin 60 = 30.3 m s-1
ux = 35 cos 60 = 17.5 m s-1
(a) Consider the vertical motion up to the peak to find t.
vy = uy + ayt
0 = 30.3 9.8t
t = 3.09 s
Trip time = 2t = 2 3.09 6.18 s
(b) Consider the horizontal motion to find range.

x = u x t
= 17.5 6.18
= 108.2 m
11.
uy = 5 sin 50 = 3.83 m s-1
ux = 5 cos 50 = 3.21 m s-1
(a) Consider the vertical motion up to the peak to find t.
vy = uy + ayt
0 = 3.83 9.8t
t = 0.39 s
Trip time = 2t = 2 0.39 0.78 s
(b) Consider the horizontal motion to find range.

x = u x t
= 3.21 0.78
= 2.5 m
Hence, the basketballer will score (provided he aimed correctly).

Space Chapter 2

12.
(a) uy = 50.0 sin 40.0 = 32.1 m s-1; ux = 50.0 cos 40.0 = 38.3 m s-1
Consider the vertical motion up to the peak to find t.
vy = uy + ayt
0 = 32.1 9.8t
t = 3.276 s
trip time = 2t = 2 3.276 6.55 s
Now consider the horizontal motion to find range.
x = u x t

= 38.3 6.55
251 m
(b) uy = 50.0 sin 45.0 = 35.36 m s-1; ux = 50.0 cos 45.0 = 35.4 m s-1
Consider the vertical motion up to the peak to find t.
vy = u y + ayt
0 = 35.4 9.8t
t = 3.61 s
trip time = 2t = 2 3.61 7.2 s
Now consider the horizontal motion to find range.
x = u x t

= 35.4 7.2
255 m
(c) uy = 50.0 sin 50.0 = 38.3 m s-1; ux = 50.0 cos 50.0 = 32.1 m s-1
Consider the vertical motion up to the peak to find t.
vy = uy + ayt
0 = 38.3 9.8t
t = 3.91 s
trip time = 2t = 2 3.91 7.82 s
Now consider the horizontal motion to find range.
x = u x t

= 32.1 7.82
251 m

Space Chapter 2

13.
Consider the vertical motion down to the water.
1
y = u y t + a y t 2
2

1
50.0 = 0t + (9.8)t 2
2
t=

50 2
= 3.19 s
9.8

Finally, consider the horizontal motion to determine the range.

x = u x t

= 60.0 3.19
= 192 m

14.
u y = usin = 60.0 sin 45.0 = 42.4 m s 1

u x = ucos = 60.0 cos 45.0 = 42.4 m s 1

Consider the vertical motion up to the peak to determine height achieved and t.
vy = u y + ayt
0 = 42.4 9.8t
t = 4.33 s
Also,
v 2y = u 2y + 2a y y

0 2 = 42.4 2 + 2(9.8)y
y = 91.7 m = 141.7 m above the water (recall that cliff is 50.0 m high)
Next, consider the fall from the peak to the water to find t.
y = u y t + 1 2 a y t 2

1417
. = 0t + 1 2 ( 9.8)t 2

Space Chapter 2

t=

141.7 2
= 5.38 s
9.8

Hence, trip time = 4.33 + 5.38 = 9.7 s

Finally, consider the horizontal motion to determine the range.

x = u x t
= 42.4 9.71
412 m

17.
Body

Mass (kg)

Radius (km)

Mercury
Venus
Io
Callisto

3.3 1023
4.9 1024
8.9 1022
1.1 1023

2440
6052
1815
2400

Escape velocity =

2Gm Mercury

Mercury:

rMercury

2(6.67 10 11 )(3.3 10 23 )
(2.44 10 6 )

4250 m s 1
Venus:
Escape velocity =

2GmVenus
rVenus

2(6.67 10 11 )(4.9 10 24 )
(6.052 10 6 )

= 10 400 m s 1

Space Chapter 2

Escape velocity
(m s-1)
4 250
10 400
2 560
2 470

Io:
Escape velocity =

2Gm Io
rIo

2(6.67 10 11 )(8.9 10 22 )
(1.815 10 6 )

= 2560 m s 1

Callisto:
Escape velocity =

2GmCallisto
rCallisto

2(6.67 10 11 )(1.1 10 23 )
(2.4 10 6 )

= 2470 m s 1

18.
(a)

(T mg )
m
6.10 (0.0873 9.8)
=
0.0873
= 60.1 m s 2

a=

g+a
9.8
9.8 + 60.1
=
9.8
= 7.1

g force =

Space Chapter 2

(b) Final mass = 87.3 10.5 = 76.8 g

(T mg )
m
6.1 (0.0768 9.8)
=
0.0768
= 69.6 m s 2

a=

g+a
9.8
9.8 + 69.6
=
9.8
= 8.1

g force =

19.
(a)

(T mg )
m
400 000 (32 000 9.8)
=
32 000

a=

= 2. 7 m s 2

g+a
9.8
9.8 + 2.7
=
9.8
= 1.3

g force =

(b) Final mass = 32 000 0.15 = 4800 kg

T
a=
m
400 000
=
4 800
= 83 m s 2

a
9.8
83
=
9.8
= 8.5

g force =

Space Chapter 2