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1 b3 −a3
=
b−a [3 ]
Hence
V (X) = E(X2) – (E(X))2
1 b3 −a3 2
a+ b
=
b−a [3
−
2 ] [( ) ]
( b−a )2
V(X) =
12
3. If x is normally distributed with zero mean and unit variance, find the
2
expectation and variance of σ .
Ans –
The equation of the normal curve is
2
− ( x−m )
y= 1 e
2
2σ
σ √2 π
If mean is zero and variance is unit, then putting m=0 and σ = 1, the above equation reduced to
2
−( x )
1 2
y= e
√2 π
Expectation of x2 i.e µ’1
2
+∞ −x
1 2 2
=∫x e dx
−∞ √2 π
2
+∞ −x
1
= ∫ x2 e 2
dx ……….. (i)
2 π
√ −∞
2
−x
= 1 ∫ x −xe ( 2 ) dx
√2 π
Integrating by parts taking x as first function and remembering that
2 2
[ ]
−x −x
d
dx
e ( )=− xe
2 2
2
∞ −x
=
1
√2 π
0−2∫ e
0
[ 2
] dx
x
Putting = z, dx = √ 2 dz
√2
∞
2√ 2 2
∫ e− z dz
√2 π 0
2
√π ( √2π )=1
Hence
2
+∞ −x
1
∫ x2 e 2
dx = 1 …………. (ii)
√ 2 π −∞
Ans
2
+∞ −x
12 2 2
µ’1 = ∫ ( x ) e dx
−∞ √2 π
2
+∞ −x
1
= ∫ x3 ( ¿−x e 2
)dx ¿
√ 2 π −∞
Integrating by parts taking x3 as first function
x ∞
2 2
∞
[( ]
−x
=-
1
x e 3 2 ) −∞−∫ 3 x . e 2 2
dx
√2 π −∞
2
∞ −x
=
1
√2 π [
0−3 ∫ x2 . e
−∞
2
2
dx
]
∞ −x
1
=3 ∫ x2 . e 2
dx
√ 2 π −∞
=3(1) with the help of (ii)
Variance of x2 =µ2= µ2’- µ1’2
= 3-(1)2
=2
Here we have
Class Frequency (f) Mid value (X) Log x f(log x)
0 – 10 10 5 .6990 6.9900
10 – 20 12 15 1.1761 14.1132
20 – 30 11 25 1.3979 15.3796
30 – 40 10 35 1.5441 15.4410
40 – 50 6 45 1.6532 9.9192
Total 49 ∑ f log x=¿ ¿61
.843
1
Log G =
N ∑ f log x
= (1/50)61.843
= 1.2369
G = Antilog 1.2369
= 17.25
Ans –
sum(X) = 0+1+2+3+4 = 10
sum(X²) = 0²+1²+2²+3²+4² = 30
sum(Y) = 21+8+27+34+35 = 125
sum(Y²) = 21²+8²+27²+34²+35² = 3615
sum(XY) = 0.21 + 1.8 + 2.27 + 3.34 + 4.35 = 304
n=5
Xbar = sumX / n = 10 / 5 = 2
Ybar = sumY / n = 125 / 5 = 25