QUESTIONS ON VIDEO HOW AN ENGINE WORKS

1. What does an engine need to work?

An internal combustion engine needs fuel and air to function.
2. What are the main parts of an engine?
Engine block, cylinder head.
The internal components of an engine are: cylinders, crankshaft, connecting rods,
pistons, spark plugs, fuel injectors, intake and exhaust valves, camshafts, timing chain
or belt.
3. How is power produced?
By the four-stroke-process.
4. Which phases are mentioned and what do they consist in?
1) As he piston moves on the first down stroke the intake valve opens to allow mixture
air and fuel to fill the combustion chamber (intake stroke).
2) The intake valve closes and the piston moves and an upper stroke that compresses
the air fuel mixture. The compression of the air fuel mixture will make it combust
with quite efforce than if it were uncompressed (Compression stroke).
3) The spark plug ignites the air fuel mixture causing it to burn explosively, which
forces the piston into another downward stroke (Power Stroke).
4) Exhaust stroke as the piston begins its second upper stroke, the exhaust valve opens
and the burn air fuel mixture is forced out of the combustion chamber through the
exhaust valves.
5. The important terms to explain the customer are
2 terms:
- Engine compression ratio: Ratio between the total valve through the combustion
chamber and cylinder when the piston is on the top of the bottom of the stroke.
Higher compression ratio produces more power but requires higher acting fuel.
-

Engine Displacement: Is turning an entire size of the engine is described. It is

measured as the cylinder bore times the line of the piston stroke. This is multiplied
by the total number of cylinders. And its usually expressed in liter or cubic
centimeters.
6. Which are the main types of camshafts?
- Overhead valve OHV: The opening and closing of the valves is performed by the
camshaft. Some engines uses one camshaft with rocker arms and a push rods
activating all the valves.
- Single Overhead Camshaft SOHC: If the camshaft is above the valves.
- Double Overhead Camshaft DOHC: When an engine uses a separate camshaft for
the intake and exhaust valves. All Toyota camshaft uses DOHC.
7. Complete the sentence: the more efficiently an engine breathes, the more
efficiently it will produce power.
8. Which features has Toyota incorporated to make engines breathe more
efficiently?
Toyota engines incorporates a number of details and components that are designed to
help the engine breath more efficiently.
An accustic control induction system (ACIS) varies the length of the runners in the
intake manifold. Maximes the airflow into the engine. Provide more useful power
through the entire or pm range.

9. What are the advantages of a four-valve configuration?

Improves the intake and exhaust performance of an engine over other valve configuration.
10. What is VVTi?
Varied Valve Timing with Intelligence develop horse power and torce across a blod pm
range or power band. A computerized system changes the intake valve timing to
optimize the engines breathing depending on the conditions. Without VVTI is fixed no
matter how fast the engine is turning. With VVTI intake valve timing is considerably
adjusted.
11. How is the exhaust pipe designed in Toyota engines?
A dual path exhaust system. It works like ACIS. Maximizes exhaust flow out of the
engine.