ARTICLES

(MO T)
I.

A / AN : MO T KHNG XC NH (INDEFINITE ARTICLES)

1. A ng trc ph m / AN ng trc nguyn m
a chair, a UFO, an egg, an hour, an MP3 file
2. dng trc danh t s t (mt), m c, khng xc nh (cha
c nhc n trc ; khng bit r l ngi, vt no c th; l mt
ngi, vt bt k no )
I need a holiday.
There is a policeman at the door.
3. dng trc danh t l 1 v d bt k cho 1 lp ng vt hay vt
A car must be insured.
A child needs love.
4. dng gii thiu ngh nghip ca 1 ngi
He is a doctor.
She became an actress.
5. dng trong 1 s thnh ng nh:
a couple, an eighth (1/8), a quarter (1/4), a hundred, a score (20), a
dozen (12)
five pence a kilo, four times a day, sixty kilometres an hour
6. dng trong cu cm thn vi WHAT:
What a hot day!
What a pretty girl!
7. vi FEW v LITTLE:
A FEW + N m c, s nhiu
A LITTLE + N khng m c
c mt t N
I have a few books on mathematics.
I have a little time left.
FEW + N m c, s nhiu

II.

LITTLE + N khng m c
Few people know this. hu nh khng c N
We had little time for amusements.
THE : MO T XC NH (DEFINITE ARTICLE)
1. dng trc danh t tr nn xc nh khi c cp ti ln th 2
For lunch I had a sandwich and an apple. The sandwich wasnt very
nice but the
apple was tasty.
2. dng trc danh t c xc nh (lm r ngha) bng 1 cm t hoc
mnh theo sau n
the girl in blue, the boy that I met, the place where I saw him
3. dng trc danh t ch c 1 (hoc c xem nh l c 1) trn i
the earth, the sky, the sun, the moon, the world
*space: khng gian trong v tr (khng dng THE)
1

There are millions of stars in space.

NHNG:
He tried to park his car but the space wasnt big enough.
ch trng
4. dng trc danh t r rng ch c 1 trong hon cnh giao tip c th
(ngi ni v ngi nghe d dng xc nh l ngi, vt no)
Ann is in the garden. (the garden of this house)
Can you turn off the light, please? (the light in this room)
5. dng trc so snh nht, th t (first, second, ), only
Thats the best picture in the whole museum.
John is the first to come and the last to leave.
It was the only restaurant in this town.
6. dng trong 1 s thnh ng:
go to the cinema, go to the theatre, be on the radio, listen to the
radio, be on the phone
7. dng vi study, practice, play + THE + tn nhc c
Can you play the piano?
8. dng trc 1 tnh t ch 1 nhm ngi:
the old, the young, the rich, the poor, the unemployed
9. dng trc danh t m c s t din t c nhm ng vt, thc

III.

vt, my mc
The whale is in danger of becoming extinct.
The rose is my favourite flower.
The bicycle is an excellent means of transport.
CC TRNG HP KHNG DNG MO T (ZERO ARTICLES)
1. phng tin chuyn ch:
travel by bicycle/bus/car/boat/train/plane
go on foot/horseback
2. ba n:
have breakfast/lunch/dinner
NHNG: khi ba n c tnh t ng trc th c th dng A / AN
She gave me a good breakfast.
3. cc mn hc:
My favourite subject is history.
4. cc mn th thao:
We played basketball all afternoon.
5. trc danh t tru tng v danh t khng m c mang ngha chung,
tng qut:
Men fear death.
NHNG: The death of the Prime Minister left his party without a leader.
(c th)
We need air to breathe.
NHNG: The air in this room is hard to breathe. (c
th)

6. trc danh t s nhiu mang ngha chung chung, tng qut: (so snh
II.9.)
Roses are my favourite flowers.
Women are expected to like babies.
7. church, court, prison, hospital, school, college, university:
KHNG dng THE trc nhng danh t nu trn khi ngi ta n nhng
ni ny ng vi mc ch ca chng:
go to church (i l), go to court (ra ta), go to prison (i t), go to
hospital (i nm vin), go to school/college/university (i hc)
Dng THE khi n nhng ni ny khng ng vi mc ch ca chng,
hoc khi nhc n chng nh nhng ta nh ch khng m ch mc ch
s dng:
The workmen went to the church to repair the roof.
Mr. Kelly went to the school to meet his daughters teacher.
The prison is near the Hudson River.
Ill meet you in front of the college at nine oclock.

IV.

THE & DANH T RING

- tn quc tch: French, English, British, Japanese, Vietnamese
THE + quc tch = people
the English: ngi Anh
+ quc tch = language
English: ting Anh
- tn quc gia:
THE + republic, union, kingdom, states, tn s nhiu
the German Federal Republic, the Soviet Union, the United
Kingdom, the United

States (of America), The Phillippines, The

Netherlands
vi cc tn quc gia khc
France, Japan, German
tn ngi:
KHNG dng THE trc tn ngi
Ann is my niece.
Tuy nhin khi c nhiu ngi cng tn phi dng THE phn bit:
The John Brown from Los Angeles is the one I was talking about,
not the John Brown from San Francisco.
THE + h s nhiu = family
the Smiths = the Smith family: gia nh Smith

KHNG dng THE vi tn

chu lc
Asia, Europe
lc a
South America
tiu bang
Texas, West German
thnh ph, th trn
New York, Tokyo, Madrid
3

ng ph
qung trng
a im = tn ngi/tn

Regent Street, Cromwell Road

Times Square, Red Square
Kenedy Airport, Cambridge University,

a danh + a im

Edinburgh Castle, Hyde Park, London

Zoo

i dng
bin
sng
sa mc
vng

dng THE vi tn
the Atlantic (Ocean)
the Red Sea
the Nile, the Thames
the Sahara (Desert)
the Middle East

tn
ni
o
h

KHNG dng THE vi S

T
(Mount) Everest
Bermuda
Lake Superior

dng THE vi s
nhiu
the Andes (Mountains)
the Canary Islands
the Great Lakes

EXERCISE
Choose the correct answers.
1. My mother goes to church in ______ morning.
A. x
B. every

C. the

D. a

2. I eat ______ everyday.

A. a banana
B. banana

C. the bananas

D. any banana

3. Harry is a sailor. He spends most of his life at _____ sea.

A. a
B. an
C. the

D. x

4. There are billions of stars in _____ space.

A. a
B. an

C. x

D. the

5. Can you turn off _____ television, please?

A. the
B. a

C. an

D. x

6. We had _____ dinner in a restaurant.

A. a
B. an

C. x

D. the

7. We had _____ meal in a restaurant.

A. a
B. an

C. the

D. x

8. Thank you. That was ______ very nice lunch.

A. a
B. an

C. the

D.x

9. When was _____ computer invented?

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. x

10. My daughter plays _____ piano very well.

A. the
B. a

C. an

D. x

11. Mary loves _____ flowers.

A. a
B. an

C. the

D. x

12. Jill went to ______ hospital to see her friend.

A. x
B. the

C. a

D. an

13. Carol went to ______ prison to meet her brother.

A. the
B. a
C. an

D. x

14. Sandra works at a big hospital. Shes _______.

A. nurse
B. a nurse

C. the nurse

D. an nurse

15. She works six days _____ week.

A. in
B. for

C. a

D. x

16. ______ is a star.

A. Sun

C. The sun

D. Suns

B. A sun

17. What did you have for ______ breakfast this morning?
A. x
B. a
C. an

D. the

18. London is _____ capital of England.

A. an
B. a

C. x

D. the

19. When ______ invented?

A. was telephone
B. was the telephone

C. were the telephones D. were a telephone

20. Are you going away next week? No, _______ week after next.
A. a
B. the
C. some

D. x

21. We havent been to ______ for years.

A. cinema
B. the cinema

D. any cinema

C. a cinema

22. It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ______ journey.
A. three hour
B. a three- hours
C. a three- hour

D. three- hours

23. If you live in _______ foreign country, you should try and learn the language.
A. the
B. x
C. an
D. a
24. Did your train leave from ______ ?
A. the 8 Platform
B. an Platform 8

C. some Platform 8

D. Platform 8

25. I cant work here. Theres so much ______.

A. noise
B. noises

C. the noise

D. a noise

26. Do you need ____?

A. an umbrella

C. umbrella

D. an umbrellas

B. a umbrella
5

27. Ive seen ______ good films recently.

A. a
B. the

C. some

D. an

28. I often watch ______ television for two hours every night.
A. some
B. the
C. any

D. x

29. The injured man was taken to _____.

A. hospital
B. any hospital

C. the hospital

D. hospitals

30. Toshi speaks ______ at home.

A. the Japanese
B. Japan

C. the Japan

D. Japanese

31. A man and a woman were standing outside my house. ______ man looked English but I think _____
woman was foreign.
A. the / a
B. a / the
C. a/ a
D. the / the
32. John sat on _____ chair nearest _____ door.
A. the / a
B. a / the

C. a /a

D. the / the

33. I would love to live by _____ sea.

A. the
B. a

C. an

D. x

34. What is ______ longest river in ______ world?

A. the/ a
B. a / the

C. a / a

D. the / the

35. This morning I bought a newspaper and a magazine. ______ newspaper is in my bag but I dont know
where ______ magazine is.
A. a /a
B. a / the
C. the / the
D. the / a
36. We live in ______ big house in ______ middle of the village.
A. a / a
B. a / the
C. the / the

D. the / a

37. Im looking for _____ job. Did Mary get _____ job she applied for?
A. a / the
B. the / a
C. a/ a

D. the / the

38. Did _______ police find ______ person who stole your bicycle?
A. a /a
B. the / the
C. a / the

D. the / a

39. We went out for ______ dinner last night. _______ restaurant we went was excellent.
A. x /a
B. the / the
C. x / the
D. the / a
40. As I was walking along the street, I saw _____ $10 note on ______ pavement.
A. a/ a
B. the / the
C. a / the
D. the / a
41. The Soviet Union was ______ first country to send a man into _____ space.
A. the /the
B. x / x
C. x /the
D. the / x
42. Did you watch Titanic on ______ television or at ______ cinema?
A. the/ the
B. x / x
C. x / the
43. After _____ lunch, we went for a walk by ______ sea.
A. the / the
B. x/ x
C. x/ the
6

D. the / x
D. the / x

44. Peru is ______ country in South America. _______ capital is Lima.

A. a / a
B. a / the
C. the / the

D. the / a

45. I never listen to _____ radio. In fact I havent got ______ radio.
A. a /a
B. a / the
C. the / the

D. the / a