Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 167

Chng 1.

TNG QUAN V H THNG

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

MY TNH
1.1. Thng Tin V X L Thng Tin
1.1.1. Khi nim v thng tin
D liu (data) l cc d kin khng c ngha r rng. Khi d
liu c x l xc nh ngha thc s ca chng, khi chng
c gi l thng tin (information). i vi con ngi, d liu c mc
thp nht ca kin thc v thng tin l mc th hai. Thng tin mang
li cho con ngi s hiu bit v th gii xung quanh.
Qu trnh x l thng tin cn bn nh sau: D liu c nhp
u vo (Input), sau my tnh (hay con ngi) s thc hin x l nhn
c thng tin u ra (Output). Lu l d liu c th lu tr bt c
giai on no.

V d: Ngi ta tin hnh ghi nhn c d liu t camera cc hnh


nh ng ph, sau tin hnh phn tch d liu c thng tin v
mt s xe no . Ton b qu trnh lu tr trn a cng my tnh.
Trong thi i hin nay, khi lng thng tin n vi chng ta
cng lc cng nhiu th con ngi c th dng mt cng c h tr cho
vic lu tr, chn lc v x l li thng tin gi l my tnh in t
(Computer). My tnh in t gip con ngi tit kim rt nhiu thi
gian, cng sc v tng chnh xc, gip t ng ha mt phn hay ton
phn ca qu trnh x l d liu.
Cng mt thng tin c th c biu din bng nhng d liu
khc nhau, v d nh s 1 hay I. Tuy nhin i vi my tnh, biu din
ny phi l duy nht c th sao chp m khng mt thng tin. My
tnh biu din d liu bng h m nh phn. Tuy ch dng 2 k s l 0 v
1 (gi l bit) nhng h nh phn ny gip my tnh biu din - x l c
trn hu ht cc loi thng tin m con ngi hin ang s dng nh vn
bn, hnh nh, m thanh, video,...
1.1.2. n v thng tin i vi my tnh, n v nh nht dng biu
din thng tin
gi l bit (Binary digit). Bit l mt ch s trong h thng s nh phn, n
c th c gi tr 0 hoc 1. Trong b nh my tnh, mt bit l mt cng tc
in nh c th bt (gi tr 1) hoc tt (gi tr 0).
H nh phn s dng hai k s 0 v 1 biu din cc s. Khi
biu din d liu, bit khng biu din c lp m c lp theo nhm 8
bit, gi l mt byte, vit tt l B. Do , mt Kilobyte ca RAM = 1024
byte hoc 8192 bit. Thc t, ngi ta t khi s dng n v m dng byte.
-1-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Xem bng bn di thy cc biu din khc. Chn hn, th nh my


chp hnh l 32GB, a CDROM l 650MB, a DVD l 4.3GB, a cng
l 1TB.

Tn gi
Byte
KiloByte
MegaByte
GigaByte
TetraByte

K hiu
B
KB
MB
GB
TB

Gi tr
=8bit
=210B=1024Byte
= 1024 KB=220B
= 1024 MB=230B
=1024GB=240B

Lu 1: Khi cp n dung lng lu tr, ngi ta s dng


mt Kilo tng ng vi1024, s dng K vit hoa, v thng cp n
byte (V d 1KB=1024Byte). Nhng khi cp n tc truyn d
liu, ngi ta s dng Kilo tng ng 1000, s dng k vit thng, v
cp n bit (v d: 1 kbit/s = 1000 bits per second).
Lu 2: Vo nm 1998, t chc IEC (International
Electrotechnical
Commission) cng b
bng quy i n v thng tin
theo quyt nh IEC 60027-2.
Theo , n v mi gi l bi
dng cho h nh phn khi
chuyn i. V dng 1kibi
tng ng vi 1024, trong
khi 1 Kilo tng ng vi
1000. V d: kibibit=1024bit, v 1Kbit=1000bit; 1 kibibyte = 1024 byte v 1
KB=1000Byte. Tuy vy, mt s cc nh sn xut cng nghip vn tnh ton v hin
th theo n v ban u.

1.2. C Bn V Cu Trc My Tnh


Ti liu ny khng tp trung vo kin trc v cu hnh my tnh,
tuy nhin vic nm r c bn cu hnh my tnh hin ti l iu quan
trong gip hc vin c th chn la my tnh ph hp cng vic ca
mnh. Trc khi mua my tnh bn nn tham kho kin ca cc chuyn
gia v lnh vc ny.
V mt thng mi, hin ti my tnh c chia lm cc dng:
-Desktop: my bn, t di chuyn, to, gi r, cn ngun in li, tc
cao, d nng cp, sa cha
-Laptop (di chuyn, s dng pin, tc chm hn desktop, kh nng
cp v sa cha)

-2-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

-Netbook: ging laptop nhng c cu hnh thp, r, thi gian s


dng pin di, thng rt nh v nh, ch s dng cc vic n gin nh
son vn bn v duyt Web.
-TablePC: thng khng c bn phm, s dng mn hnh cm ng, tc
chm, pin lu, thch hp cho vic ghi ch v duyt web.
Cc dng my tnh ny ph hp cho mi loi cng vic ty theo mi
ngi, v khng th thay th ln nhau.
Da trn tiu ch s dng, my tnh c chia thnh ba loi chnh:
my tnh vn phng, ha v gii tr. Mi h thng c trang b nhng
phn cng c bn l bo mch ch (mainboard), thit b x l, b nh
(RAM), cng (hard disk), v my km b ngun (case), bn phm
(keyboard), chut (mouse) v mn hnh (monitor), v ci t phn mm
ty theo cng vic. Ngoi ra, tu theo yu cu cng vic m mi ngi
c th mua thm modem, my in (printer), my qut (scanner) v cc loi
a...
Mi loi my tnh c th c hnh dng hoc cu trc khc nhau,
ty theo mc ch s dng. Mt cch tng qut, my tnh in t l mt
h x l thng tin t ng gm 2 phn chnh: phn cng v phn mm.
1.2.1. Phn cng (Hardware)
Phn cng c th c hiu n gin l tt c cc phn trong my
tnh m chng ta c th thy hoc s c. Phn cng bao gm 3 phn
chnh:
n v x l trung ng (CPU - Central Processing Unit).
B nh (Memory).
Thit b nhp xut (Input/Output).

B x l trung ng (CPU)

B x l trung ng ch huy cc hot ng ca my tnh theo


lnh v thc hin cc php tnh. CPU c 3 b phn chnh: khi iu
khin, khi tnh ton s hc v logic, v mt s thanh ghi. Khi iu
khin (Control Unit) l trung tm iu hnh my tnh c nhim v gii
m cc lnh, to ra cc tn hiu iu khin cng vic ca cc b phn

-3-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

khc ca my tnh theo yu cu ca ngi s dng hoc theo chng


trnh ci t. Khi tnh ton s hc v logic (Arithmetic-Logic Unit)
thc hin cc php tnh s hc (cng, tr, nhn, chia,...), cc php tnh
logic (AND, OR, NOT, XOR) v cc php tnh quan h (so snh ln hn,
nh hn, bng nhau,...). Cc thanh ghi (Registers) ng vai tr b nh
trung gian, gip tng tc trao i thng tin trong my tnh.
Ngoi ra, CPU cn c gn vi mt ng h (clock) hay cn gi
l b to xung nhp. Tn s ng h cng cao th tc x l thng tin
cng nhanh. Thng th ng h c gn tng xng vi cu hnh my
v c cc tn s dao ng (cho cc my Pentium 4 tr ln) l 2.0 GHz,
2.2 GHz,... hoc cao hn.
B vi x l thng dng hin nay c cc dng Core I7 (X l a
nhim bn-hoc tm-lun), Core I5 (X l a nhim bn-hoc
tmlung), Core I3 (X l a nhim bn-lung)

B nh

B nh l thit b lu tr thng tin, c chia lm hai loi: b nh


trong v b nh ngoi.
B nh trong gm ROM v RAM. ROM (Read Only Memory) l
b nh ch c, dng lu tr cc chng trnh h thng, chng trnh
iu khin vic nhp xut c s (ROM-BIOS: ROM-Basic Input/Output
System). D liu trn ROM c khng th thay i, khng b mt ngay
c khi khng c in. RAM (Random Access Memory) l b nh truy
xut ngu nhin, c dng lu tr d kin v chng trnh trong qu
trnh thao tc v tnh ton. D liu lu trong RAM s mt i khi mt in
hoc tt my. Dung lng b nh RAM cho cc my tnh hin nay thng
thng vo khong 2GB MB, 4GB, 8GB .
B nh ngoi bao gm cc thit b lu tr thng tin vi dung
lng ln, thng tin khng b mt khi khng c in, c th ct gi v di
chuyn c lp vi my tnh. C nhiu loi b nh ngoi ph bin nh:
a cng (hard disk) vi dung lng hin nay khong 250 GB, 500 GB,
1TB, 2 TB... Lu l a cng l loi b nh ngoi mc d chng lun
c gn bn trong my tnh. a quang (CD-dung lng ph bin
khong 650 MB, DVD-khong 4.7 GB) thng lu tr m thanh,
video c s dng trong cc phng tin a truyn thng (multimedia).
Cc loi b nh ngoi khc nh th nh (Memory Stick, Compact Flash
Card), USB Flash Drive c dung lng ph bin l 4G, 8GB, 16 GB...

Cc thit b ngoi vi

Thit b ngoi vi l cc thit b gip my tnh kt ni, trao i d


liu vi th gii bn ngoi. Thit b ngoi vi c chia lm hai nhm l
thit b nhp v thit b xut ty theo d liu i vo hay i ra my tnh.
Cc thit b nhp gm:
-Bn phm (keyboard) l thit b nhp chun, loi ph bin cha
104 phm chia lm 3 nhm phm chnh: nhm phm nh my gm cc
phm ch, phm s v phm cc k t c bit (~, !, @, #, $, %, ^,&, ?,...);

-4-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

nhm phm chc nng gm cc phm t F1 n F12 v cc phm nh


(phm di chuyn), phm PgUp (ln trang mn hnh), PgDn (xung
trang mn hnh), Insert (chn), Delete (xa), Home (v u), End (v
cui); nhm phm s (numeric keypad).
-Thit b xc nh im (Pointing Device) nh chut (Mouse) chn
mt v tr trn mn hnh, mn hnh cm ng (Touch Screen)
-Thit b c: c nhiu loi nh u c quang hc (Opticalmark
reader) dng nh sng phn x nhn thng tin c nh du, thit b
c m vch (Barcode reader) dng nh sng c m vch, my qut
(Scanner), my nh s (Digital camera), my quay phim s (Digital video
camera) My qut, my nh, my quay l cc thit b s ha th gii
thc.
Cc thit b xut bao gm:
-Mn hnh (Monitor): thit b xut chun. Mn hnh ph hin ti
l mn hnh LCD vi phn gii c th t 1280 X 1024 pixel. Tng
t vi mn hnh cn c my chiu (Projector).
-My in (Printer): in thng tin ra giy. My in ph bin hin ti my in
phun, my in laser trng en.
1.2.2. Phn mm (Software)
Phn mm l cc chng trnh iu khin hot ng ca my tnh
nhm thc hin yu cu x l cng vic ca ngi s dng. Phn mm
c chia lm 2 loi: H iu hnh v phn mm ng dng. H iu
hnh (Operating System Software) cha tp cc cu lnh ch dn phn
cng my tnh v cc phn mm ng dng lm vic vi nhau. Khng c
h iu hnh th my tnh khng th hot ng c. Chc nng chnh
ca h iu hnh l thc hin cc lnh theo yu cu ca ngi s dng;
qun l ti nguyn my tnh: b nh, cc thit b ngoi vi. Mt s h iu
hnh ph bin l MS Windows (Windows 7, Vista, XP), Linux
(Unbutu, Fedora), Mac, Unix Phn mm ng dng (Application
Software) rt phong ph v a dng ty theo yu cu x l cng vic cho
ngi s dng: son tho vn bn, tnh ton, phn tch s liu, ha,
games. Phn mm c cc hng sn xut nng cp lin tc, tuy nhin
cc tnh nng chnh ca phn mm thng c gi li nhm to s thn
thin cho ngi s dng. Mt s phn mm ng dng c s dng rt
ph bin hin nay nh: MS Word (ch bn in t), MS Excel (bng
tnh), MS Access (c s d liu), Corel Draw, AutoCad, Photoshop (
ha), Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, FireFox (trnh duyt web)

Chng 2. MICROSOFT WINDOWS


Hin nay c nhiu h iu hnh khc nhau nh Microsoft
Windows (MS Windows), Linux, Mac... trong ph bin hn c l MS
Windows do hng Microft sn xut. Phin bn hin ti ca MS Windows

-5-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

l Windows 7 (gi tt l Win7) l phin bn c s dng cho ton b


gio trnh ny.
MS Windows chia lm 2 dng sn phm: dng desktop cho ngi
dung cui, v dng server dung phc v v qun l h thng mng.
Dng desktop c nhiu phin bn nh: Win 3.1, Windows 95, Win 97,
Win 98, Win Me, Win XP, Win Vista, Win 7. Giao din ha p mt
v thn thin, d s dng, chng trnh ng dng phong ph gip
Windows chim th phn ln khi so vi cc h iu hnh ca cc hng
khc.
Vi giao din ha Aero, Windows 7 to s mt m v p
mt nht trong cc dng Windows, vi cc ca s 3D v trong sut to s
thch th cho ngi dng.
Ngoi ra Windows 7 cho php nhn 4GB, iu m Windows Xp
khng th lm do XP ch s dng 32 bit. Nu my tnh bn c 4GB RAM
th s lng ph nu s dng XP, do XP khng th s dng ht 4GB RAM.
Windows 7 c chia lm 2 dng 32 bit v 64 bit, c nhiu phin
bn khc nhau: Starter, Home Preminum, Professional, Ultimate. Phin
bn Starter nh nht v ti gin nht dnh cho cc my netbook. Phin
bn Ultimate l phin bn y v gi cao nht. Hc vin nn nghin
cu thm s khc bit gia cc phin bn cc website sau y c
chn
la
ng
khi
s
dng
Windows
7:
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/compare/
v
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/compare/32bit-64bitfaq.aspx.

2.1. Tp Tin, Th Mc, a V ng Dn


2.1.1. Tp tin (File)
Tp tin l tp hp d liu c t chc theo mt cu trc no .
Ni dung ca tp tin c th l chng trnh, d liu, vn bn,... Mi tp
tin c lu ln a vi mt tn (filename) thng c 2 phn: phn tn
(name) v phn phn loi (extension) cch nhau bi du chm, v d nh:
giaotrinhCSE.docx.
Phn tn l phn bt buc, cn phn phn loi th c th c hoc
khng. Phn tn do ngi to tp tin t bao gm cc k t ch t A n
Z, cc ch s t 0 n 9, cc k t khc nh #, $, %, ~, ^, @, (, ), !, _,
khong trng.
Phn phn loi (cn gi l ui file) mc nh do chng trnh
ng dng to ra, l 3 hoc 4 k t trong cc k t nu trn. Da vo ui
file xc tp tin lu tr d liu loi no, vi mt s loi ph bin cn
bit nh sau: com, exe (cc file c kh nng thc thi mt ng dng no
trn h iu hnh); txt (file vn bn n gin); doc (file MS Word); xls

-6-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

(file MS Excel); bmp, gif, jpg (file nh); mp3, dat, wma, wmv, mov,mp4
(file m thanh, video).
K hiu i din (Wildcard): ch mt nhm cc tp tin c tnh
tng ng no , ta c th s dng hai k hiu i din. Du ? dng
i din cho mt k t bt k trong tn tp tin ti v tr n xut hin. Du
* i din cho mt chui k t bt k trong tn tp tin t v tr n xut
hin.
2.1.2. a - th mc a (Drive): a l ni lu tr thng tin ph thuc
vo thit b lu tr v c qun l bi MS Windows (khng phi l thit
b lu tr vn c lp vi h iu hnh). Nh ta bit, my tnh dng
thit b l a cng (hay CD, a USB) lu d liu. Tuy nhin, mt a
cng c th chia lm nhiu a logic ( v d nh my tnh c mt HDD
dung lng 500 GB c th chia lm 3 a: a C (100 GB) cha h iu
hnh, a D (200 GB) cha ti liu, a E (200 GB) cha bn sao d liu
quan trng). Mi a logic u c MS Windows gn cho mt tn. a
A hay B thng dung cho a mm m hin nay khng cn thong dng.
a C, D, E thng l cc a cng, CDROM hay a USB.
Th mc (Folder/ Directory) l ni lu gi cc tp tin theo mt ch
no theo ngi s dng gip d dng qun l tp tin.
Trn mi a c mt th mc chung gi l th mc gc. Th
mc gc khng c tn ring v c k hiu l \ (backslash). Di mi
th mc gc c cc tp tin trc thuc v cc th mc con. Trong cc th
mc con cng c cc tp tin trc thuc v th mc con ca n. Th mc
cha th mc con gi l th mc cha. Th mc ang lm vic gi l th
mc hin hnh. Tn ca th mc tun th theo cch t tn ca tp tin.
ng dn (Path) dng ch ng i n th mc (hay file) cn
truy xut. Khi s dng th mc nhiu cp (cy th mc) th ta cn ch r
th mc cn truy xut. ng dn l mt dy cc th mc lin tip nhau,
bt u bi tn a, c phn cch bi du \. V d:
D:\baitap\baibapWin\bai.docx.

2.2. Khi ng MS Windows


2.2.1. Khi ng v thot khi Windows 7
Windows 7 c t ng khi ng sau khi bt my. S c thng
bo yu cu nhp vo ti khon (User name) v mt khu (PassWord) ca
ngi dng. Thao tc ny gi l ng nhp (Logging on).
ng Windows 7: Khi mun thot khi Windows 7, chn nt
Start-> Shut down tt my. Lu : trc khi Shut down, chng ta nn
ng tt c cc ca s ang m m bo sao lu cc cng vic ang
lm.
Bn cnh nt Shut down c mt nt mi tn cha cc ty chn
khc nh sau: Switch user-Chuyn i qua li gia cc ti khon khc
-7-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

nhau; Log off: thot cc chng trnh


v kha ti khon hin ti ang s
dng, Lock: Kha my tnh bng cch
a my tnh v mn hnh ng nhp
(nn thc hin chc nng khi ri khi
my tnh); Restart: Khi ng li my
tnh; Sleep: Lu li cc phin lm vic,
a my tnh v ch tit kim nng lng v cho php h thng hot
ng li mt cch nhanh chng.
2.2.2. Mn hnh Windows 7
Sau khi khi ng, mn hnh Windows 7 cha nhng thnh phn c
bn nh sau:
-Mn hnh nn (Desktop) cha cc biu tng: My Computer: Biu
tng ny cho php duyt nhanh ti nguyn trn my tnh, Recycle Bin: ni
lu tr tm thi cc tp tin v cc i tng b xo. (Right click nt phi
chut vo Recycle Bin ri chn Empty Recycle Bin hoc Restore xa hon
ton hoc phc hi cc i tng). Ngoi ra, trn Desktop cn c cc Biu
tng chng trnh khc-l cc Shortcut: gip bn truy nhp nhanh mt i
tng no bng cch Double click vo biu tng .
-Thanh Taskbar: cha Start Menu, cc biu tng chng trnh
v bn thu nh cc chng trnh ang thc thi, cng vi khay h thng
hin th ngy gi, thit lp m thanh

Menu Start: Hu ht tt c chc nng ca Windows c b tr


trong cc menu xut hin t mc Start. 2.2.3. S dng chng trnh
trong Windows

Khi ng mt chng trnh

C nhiu cch khi ng mt chng trnh t Windows:


chn Start Menu All Programs [Group chng trnh] Tn chng trnh
ng dng. Hoc t Start Menu nhp tn chng trnh trong mc Search
programs and files click chn chng trnh t danh sch tm thy. Hoc
double click vo Shortcut (nu c) khi ng cc chng trnh.
thot khi chng trnh ng dng: Nhn t hp phm Alt + F4,
hoc click vo nt Close, hoc Chn Tab File Exit.

T ng chy ng dng khi khi ng Windows

Mt s cn c t khi ng ngay khi bt u phin lm vic


vi Windows. thc hin iu ny ta to Shortcut ca chng trnh

-8-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

trong mc Start up: Click Start Menu All Programs Right click tn
Startup, chn Open m ca s Startup.

Ca s chng trnh

Ngi s dng giao tip vi cc chng trnh thng qua cc ca s,


mt ca s chng trnh gm cc thnh phn sau:

Title bar: hin th tn chng trnh


Toolbar: Cha cc lnh thng s dng di dng cc cng c.
Statusbar: Thanh trng thi, hin th thng tin trong ca s.
Scrollbar: Thanh cun, dng xem phn ni dung b che khut.
Cc nt Minimize, Maximize, Close: Phng to, thu nh, ng ca s
chng trnh.

Cc thao tc trn mt ca s
-Di chuyn ca s: ko thanh Title ca s n v tr mi.

-Thay i kch thc ca ca s: Di chuyn con tr chut n


cnh hoc gc ca s, khi con tr chut bin thnh hnh mi tn hai chiu
th drag cho n khi t c kch thc mong mun.
-Phng to ca s ra ton mn hnh: click nt Maximize.
-Phc hi kch thc trc ca ca s: click nt Restore.
-Thu nh ca s thnh biu tng trn Taskbar: Click ln nt Minimize
-Chuyn i gia cc ca s ca cc ng dng ang m:
chuyn i gia cc ng dng nhn t hp phm Alt + Tab hoc chn ng
dng tng ng trn thanh Taskbar.

-9-

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Sao chp d liu gia cc ng dng

Trong Windows vic sao chp d liu trong mt ng dng hoc


gia cc ng dng c thc hin thng qua b nh m (Clipboard).
Ti mt thi im, b nh m ch cha mt thng tin mi nht. Khi mt
thng tin khc c a vo b nh m th thng tin trc s b xo.
Khi thot khi Windows th ni dung trong b nh m cng b xo.
Cc bc sao chp d liu:
Chn i tng cn sao chp.
Chn Edit

Copy.

Chn v tr cn chp ti.


Chn Edit Paste chp d liu t Clipboard vo v tr cn chp.

Tm kim d liu

Chc nng tm kim trong Windows 7 gip tm hu nh tt c


nhng g c trn PC ca bn mt cch nhanh chng v d dng. C nhiu
cch tm kim, ngi dng c th s dng Search box Start Button,
Search box trong th mc hay th vin

Tm kim bng Search box Start Menu

Click chut vo Start button Search v nhp t hay b phn ca


t cn tm vo Search box. Kt qu s c xut trc tip ln Start Menu.

Tm kim bng Search box th mc

M a, th mc hay
th vin ni m bn mun tm
kim, nhp vo Search box t
hay b phn ca t cn tm.
(c th b sung iu kin tm
bng cch chn Date modified
hay Size).

2.3. Qun L V Cu Hnh Ca Windows


Control Panel l ni qun l cu hnh ca h thng my tnh, m
t menu Start Control Panel. Thng th mn hnh Control Panel hiu th
di dng Category ( mc View by). Ngi dng c th chn dng
Large icons/Small icons. Trong mc ny ngm hiu l chng ta ang m
sn ca s Control Panel. Hc vin t tm cc chc nng m t sau bng
cch s dng chc nng tm kim.
2.3.1. Qun l Font ch
- 10 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Dng chc nng Fonts ci t thm hoc loi b cc font


khng s dng. Chn cc font cn xa, bm phm Delete xa font.
thm font ch mi: Copy font cn thm vo v Paste trong folder Fonts.
2.3.2. Thay i thuc tnh ca mn hnh
M mn hnh Personalization (hoc R_Click trn Desktop, chn
Personalization). T mn hnh ny chng ta c th thay i:
Desktop Background: nh nn cho Desktop bng cch Click chn nh
c sn hoc kch nt Browse chn tp tin nh khc.
Screen Saver: Thit lp ch bo v mn hnh, ng thi c th
ci Password bo v phin lm vic hin hnh.
Windows Color:
Thay i mu sc, Font
ch v c ch ca cc
Tab, Shortcut, Title bar,

Sounds: cho php


thit lp m thanh pht ra
khi Windows thc thi
ng/m ca s, tt/khi
ng h thng.
Theme: mt tp
hp nhng yu t to nn giao din cho my tnh gm cc hiu ng
ha, m thanh, mu sc, con chut, hnh nn.. Tc l thay v thay i
tng mc Desktop Background, Windows Color. Sounds, chng ta c
th chn theme c sn c thit lp theo cc ch .
2.3.3. Thay i phn gii, ch mu phn gii cng ln th mn
hnh cng hin th nhiu thng tin nhng cc i tng trn mn hnh s
thu nh li. Cc ch phn gii mn hnh thng dng l 640x480,
800x600, 1024x768. Ty theo loi mn hnh v card mn hnh m c
th thit lp phn gii, ch mu khc nhau.
Ch mu cng cao th hnh nh cng p v r nt. Cc ch
mu ph bin l 256 mu (8 bits), 64.000 mu (16 bits), 16 triu mu (24
bits). thay i phn gii: m mc Adjust screen resolution. Chn
mc Resolution thay i phn gii mn hnh, sau bm nt
Apply. Lu : nu bn chn phn gii khng ph hp, mn hnh s khng
hin th g. Khi ng bm phm no v ch cn ch mt giy lt, mn
hnh s quay v ch ban u.
thay i ch mu: t mn hnh Adjust screen resolution,
chn Advance settings Monitor
Colors thay i ch mu

- 11 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

2.3.4. Loi b chng trnh loi b cc chng trnh khng cn


s dng, ta thc hin:
M mc Programs and Features, chn chng trnh cn loi b v
clik nt Uninstall.
2.3.5. Cu hnh ngy, gi h thng
Bn c th thay i ngy gi ca h thng bng cch D_Click ln
biu tng ng h trn thanh Taskbar hoc chn mc Date and Time t
Control Panel. T mn hnh Date and Time cho php chng ta: Change
date & time: Thay i ngy, thng, nm, gi, pht, giy; Change time
zone: Thay i mi gi, cho php chnh li cc gi tr mi gi theo khu
vc hoc theo tn cc thnh ph ln. 2.3.6. Thay i thuc tnh ca chut
Thay i thuc tnh ca bn phm: T mc Mouse cho php thay
i tc di chuyn ca con tr chut mc Motion trong th Pointer
Options, thay i tc nhn phm double click mc Double-click
trong th Buttons.
2.3.7. Thay i thuc tnh vng min (Regional Settings) thay i cc
thuc tnh nh nh dng tin t, hin th ngy gi, n v o lng,..
theo khu vc chng ta s dng, chn mc Region and Language.

Th Formats: Cho php nh dng hin th cc thng s ngy


thng, tin t, s theo vng min (quc gia), . Ngi dng c th chn
nt Additional settings ty thay i thit lp v:

- 12 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Number: Thay i nh dng s, vi cc mc c bn: Decimal


symbol (k hiu phn cch hng thp phn); No. of digits after
decimal (s cc s l phn thp phn); Digit grouping symbol (k
hiu phn nhm hng ngn); Digit grouping (s k s trong mt
nhm (mc nh l 3); Measurement system: (h thng o lng
nh cm, inch)
Currency: Thay i nh dng tin t ($,VND,...).
Time: Thay i nh dng thi gian theo ch 12 gi hay 24 gi.
Date: Thay i nh dng hin th ngy thng.
Th Location: Thay i thuc tnh vng, vic chn mt vng no
s ko theo s thay i thuc tnh ca Windows.
Th Keyboards and Languages: Cho php thit lp mi quan h
gia bn phm v ngn ng c nhp vo.
Th Administrative: Thc thi nh dng hin hnh cho cc ti khon
khc hoc ti khon mi.
2.3.8. Thit lp hin th tp tin, th mc n
Chn mc Folder Options, chn th View. T mc Hiden files
and folders, chn mc Dont show hidden files, folders, or drives nu
mun khng hin th tp tin, th mc hay a n, chn mc Show
hidden files, folders, and drives nu mun hin th tp tin, th mc hay
a n.
2.3.9. Gadgets
Gadgets l nhng tin ch m Windows 7 cung cp cho ngi
dng hin th nhanh mt s thng tin cn thit ra mn hnh Desktop
nh ng h, lch, thi tit hay thng s ti nguyn c s dng
Chn mc Desktop Gadgets, ko cc gadget cn hin th ra Desktop.
b gadget trn desktop, ch cn bm nt X bn cnh.
2.3.10. My in
Vi mt s my in thng dng th MS Windows tch hp sn
chng trnh iu khin (driver) cho my in, nu khng chng ta phi ci
t driver km theo my in. Tuy nhin chng ta cng nn ci t driver
cung cp theo my ngay c khi MS Windows tch hp nhm c h
tr tt nht theo hng sn xut my in. Vic qun l my in c thc
hin t mc View devices and printers.
ci t thm my in: T ca s View devices and printers chn
nt Add a Printer, xut hin hp thoi Add Printer. Sau lm theo cc
bc hng dn ca MS Windows.

- 13 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

loi b my in ci: T ca s View devices and printers


chn nt Add a Printer, R_click trn my in tng ng, v chn menu
Remove device.
thc hin in n mt ti liu ra giy: t chng trnh ng dng
chn mc Print (thng trong menu File vi biu tng hnh my in).
Khi hp thoi Print xut hin.

Ty theo phn mm s dng m hp thoi ny c th khc nhau, nhng


nhng chc nng chnh nh sau:
Printer
Page Range

Chn my in mun s dng. C th chn my in o


(nh Microsoft XPS Document Writer, Primo
Pdf) to ra file xps hay pdf tng ng.
Chn phm vi mun in: ton b (All), trang hin
hnh (Current page), vng ti liu ang chn
(Selection), trang in (Page) nhp s trang mun in,
hoc nhiu trang in cch nhau bi du phy, hoc
du in lin tc nhiu trang (v d: 2;4;5;912;1520).

Number of Copy

S bn in

Paper per Sheet

S trang in trn mt mt giy

Khi chng ta in mt hay nhiu ti liu, Windows s qun l cc


tin trnh in, cn c gi l hang i in (print queue). xem cc tin
trnh ny, chng ta double click ln biu tng my in trong ca s View
devices and printers.

- 14 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Mun b ti
liu no trong hng
i in ta chn ti liu v nhn
Delete.
2.3.11. Thay i Taskbar v Start Menu
Chn mc Taskbar and Start Menu t control panel thay i cc
thit lp.
thay i thit lp v taskbar, chn th Taskbar vi cc ty
chnh nh sau: Lock the taskbar (kha thanh Taskbar); Auto hide (t
ng n thanh Taskbar khi khng s dng, khi di chuyn chut vo mi
hin ra); Use small icons (s dng icon trn Taskbar vi kch thc nh);
Taskbar location on screen (v tr ca Taskbar),Taskbar buttons (gom
nhm cc th hin ca mt chng trnh); Notification area (Cho n/hin
cc chng trnh chy nn).
Th Start Menu gip thay i Start Menu nh thm Run box,
Devices and Printersbng cch chn Button Customize. Ch mc
Power Button Action dung ty chnh ch my tnh l Shutdown,
Sleep khi ngi dng bm nt Power trn thng my tnh. Do , khi
s dng mt my tnh l, v khng bit cu hnh cho nt Power mc
ny nn chng ta nn chng ta trnh s dng nt Power ba bi.
2.3.12. Backup v Restore
Backup v Restore c ci tin rt nhiu trong Windows 7
cho php to cc bn sao ca ti liu quan trng ca chng ta. u im
khi s dng chc nng ny so vi vic chng ta t chp bng tay, l h
thng t ng backup nh k theo lch do chng ta thit lp.
Chn mc Backup and Restore t Control Panel. Nu ln u tin
s dng Windows Backup, click chn Set up backup, v theo cc hng
dn chn folder cn backup v v tr lu file backup. Nu to
backup ri, chng ta ch vic ch vic backup t ng thc hin hay
t backup bng cch click nt Back up now. Chng ta khng nn back up
file/folder ln cng mt a, v nn chn mc Full Backup.
thc hin Restore: t mc Backup and Restore, chn file
backup, click Restore my files.
2.3.13. i mt khu ng nhp

- 15 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Thay i password ng nhp l vic nn lm thng xuyn nh


k gip bo v tt hn my tnh ca bn. T Control Panel, chn mc
User Accounts. Click vo mc Change your password. Nhp password
mi v chn OK.

2.4. Windows Explorer


2.4.1. Giao din chnh.
Windows Explorer ( nm trong nhm Accessories trong Start
Menu) gip qun l ti nguyn my tnh nh tp tin, th mc, a. v
v nhng ti nguyn trong h thng mng. Vi Windows Explorer, cc
thao tc nh sao chp, xa, i tn th mc v tp tin,... c thc hin
mt cch thun tin v d dng.
khi ng Explorer, c th double click trn My Computer,
hoc tm t mc Search, hoc R_Click ln nt Start, chn Open Windows
Explorer.
Ca s lm vic ca Windows Explorer gm cc phn:

Ca s tri (Folder): Trnh by cu trc th mc ca cc a cng


v cc ti nguyn km theo my tnh, bao gm a mm, a cng,
a CD... Nhng i tng c du mi tn ngang pha trc cho bit
i tng cn cha nhng i tng khc trong n nhng khng c
hin th, c th m rng khi click vo.
Ca s gia: Lit k ni dung ca i tng c chn tng ng
bn ca s tri.

- 16 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Ca s phi (Preview pane): Hin th nhanh ni dung tp tin c


chn. C th tt hin th ca s ny.
Thanh a ch (Address): Cho php nhp ng dn th mc/tp tin
cn ti hoc xc nh ng dn hin hnh.
C th thay i cch cch hin th ca Explorer bng cch chn mc
Chang your view

) vi cc ty chn: Extra Large Icons

/Large Icons /Medium Icons /Small icons /List /Details/ Tiles /Content.
i vi ty chn Details, ta c th xem chi tit Name, Size, Type, Date
Modified ca file/folder. C th thay i th t sp xp bng cch chn
mc View/ Sort By (Sp xp theo) vi cc ty chn: Name, Date
modified, Type, Size, theo kiu Ascending/Descending (Tng dn/ Gim
dn).
2.4.2. Thao tc vi file v folder
+To folder mi: Chn v tr cha folder cn to, Chn Menu
File New Folder (hoc R_Click New Folder ). Nhp tn th mc mi,
nhn Enter.
+Sao chp th mc/tp tin: Chn cc th mc v tp tin cn sao
chp, sau thc hin copy vo clipboard (bm Ctrl + C hoc R_Click
v chn Copy), sau paste vo ni cn chp (bm Ctrl + V hoc
R_Click v chn Paste). C th dng cch gi phm Ctrl v ko r folder
vo ni cn chp.
+Di chuyn th mc v tp tin: Chn cc th mc v tp tin cn
di chuyn, sau ct i tng vo clipboard (bm Ctrl + X hoc
R_Click v chn Cut), sau paste vo ni chuyn n. Lu : i vi
ngi mi bt u nn hn ch vic dng chut ko th khi di chuyn
trong Expoler v nu dng chut khng chun, c th lm folder b th
n mt folder no .
+Xa th mc v tp tin: Chn th mc v tp tin cn xa, bm
phm Delete (hoc R_Click v chn Delete). Lu : ty theo cu hnh
thit lp m file/folder b xa c th c lu trong Recycle Bin. Chng
ta phi cn thn trc khi ng xa.
+i tn th mc v tp tin: chn i tng mun i tn,
R_Click trn i tng v chn Rename (hoc bm phm F2), nhp tn
mi, sau g Enter kt thc.
+Thay i thuc tnh th mc v tp tin: R_Click trn file/folder,
chn Properties. Thc hin thay i cc thuc tnh, sau bm Apply
xc nhn thay i.
Lu : Vi tp tin ang s dng th cc thao tc di chuyn, xo, i
tn khng th thc hin c.

- 17 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

2.4.3. Thao tc vi Shortcut


Shortcut l mt biu tng dng khi ng nhanh mt chng
trnh hoc mt tp tin/folder trn my. Shortcut c th c t trong mt
Folder hoc ngay trn mn hnh nn. Shortcut ch lu ng dn (hoc
tr ) n i tng, v th c th xo n m khng nh hng n
chng trnh ng dng.
+To Shortcut: R_Click ln v tr cn to Shortcut, chn New
Shortcut. Trong mc Type the location of the item, nhp ng dn ca
tp tin cn to Shortcut (hoc bm Browse tm tp tin). Click Next
qua bc k tip nhp tn cho Shortcut cn to, click Finish hon
thnh.
Lu : C th to shortcut t file gc trong Explorer hoc (file su
khi tm thy s dng chc nng Search) bng cch Copy, v Click phi
chut vo ni mun to Shortcut, chn Paste Shortcut).
+Thay i thuc tnh cho Shortcut: cng nh file/folder, shortcut
cng c th thay i thuc tnh. T ca s Properties ca Shortcut, chn
th Shortcut. Chng ta c th thay i Target (ng dn file gc ca
shortcut); Change icon (thay i biu tng ca Shortcut); Shortcut key
(Gn phm nng cho Shortcut, v d: nhn phm A nu mun t phm
nng cho Shortcut l Ctrl + Alt + A hoc nhn t hp phm gn gn. Khi
mun m i tng ta ch cn nhn t hp phm va gn); Run(chn ch
hin th khi m l bnh thng/ thu nh/ phng to);
2.4.4. Thao tc vi a
+nh dng a (Format): nh dng a l chuyn mt a thnh
mt dng ph hp vi nhng tiu chun ca h iu hnh. format a:
R_Click vo tn ca a, chn mc Format. T ca s Format, thip lp
nhn cho a (Volumn label), chn mc Quick Format nu mun nh
dng nhanh khi chc chn a khng c li. Bm nt Start tin hnh
nh dng.
Ch : D liu trong a s b xo hon ton, khng th phc hi
c.
+Hin th thng tin ca a: R_Click vo tn ca a cn hin
th thng tin, chn mc Properties. T ca s ny, cho php xem dung
lng a (Capacity), s dng bao nhiu (Used space), cn li bao
nhiu (Free space) t th General.
Ch : Th Tools: cung cp cng c kim tra a (Errorchecking),
v chng phn mnh a (Defragment). Vic chng phn mnh a gip
my tnh chy nhanh hn sau mt thi gian s dng.

- 18 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

2.5. Mt S Tin ch
2.5.1. Libraries
C th xem nh Libraries l th mc o gip chng ta t chc v
tm kim nhanh chng cc file/folder tng ng nm ri rc trn my
tnh. Chng ta c th
to mi, thm cc
folder/file
vo
Libraries. Cn phn
bit r gia My
Documents (hay My
Pictures) v Libraries
l, My Documents l
folder cha d liu,
cn Libraries khng
cha d liu g, d
liu ca chng ta vn
v tr ban u, v
Libraries gip qun l
theo nhm cho tin
dng. Ngoi ra, My Documents c
Windows to sn c nh vi tnh nng lp ch mc tng tc cho vic
tm kim, cn Libraries do ngi dung nh ngha.
Ly v d nh, chng ta c 3 folder, mi folder cha mt mn hc
gm 3 file: bi ging, bi tp, n. Chng ta to mt Library tn l n
np, vo a 3 n vo Library ny. Nh vy, 3 file n vn v tr
c, v khi mun np bi, chng ta ch vic truy xut n Library n
ny. Vic xa Libraries khng nh hng g n cc file gc. to mi
mt Library, t mn hnh Explorer, right click trn mc Libraries, chn
New-Library, nhp tn cho Library v bm Enter. import mt folder
vo Library va to, click chn Library va to ra, bm nt Include new
folder, v chn folder mun import vo Library.
Nh vy, sau ny bn c th truy xut nhanh chng n Library.

2.5.2. Bitlocker

- 19 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Bitlocker l tnh
nng mi ca Windows
7 (h tr y nht
bn Ultimate) gip m
ha v bo v d liu
cho mt a hay
partition, t bit l a
USB vi kh nng
nh mt l rt cao.
Ngi dng phi c
ng mt khu mi c
th truy xut a c bo v, nn trnh ti a vic l thng tin.
T
Encryption.

Control Panel,

mc Bitlocker Drive

Click vo mc Turn On Bitlocker a cn bo v. Chn mc


Use a password to unlock the drive v nhp mt khu (2 ln). Bm Next
tin hnh m ha. Ln sau, mi khi truy nhp a bo v, chng ta
phi nhp mt khu.
tt chc nng Bitlocker, chng ta cng vo Control Panel mc Bitlocker Drive Encryption, v chn Turn off Bitlocker.
2.5.3. Snipping Tool
Snipping
Tool dng chp mt phn hay ton b mn hnh di dnh hnh ch
nht hay dng bt k, sau cho php ghi
ch, v, hightlight v
gi email i ngay t tin ch ny.

- 20 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Sau

khi
khi
ng
Snipping
Tool,
click chn New,
sau click chn
vo mi tn gn nt New v
ty chn hnh ct chp:
Free-form Snip (chp vi
hnh bao bt k t v);
Rectangular Snip (chp vi
hnh bao ch nht), Window
Snip (chp mt ca s); Fullscreen Snip (chp ton b
mn hnh).
Sau dng cc cng
c trn toolbar v hay
nghi ch cho hnh chp.
2.5.4. Wordpad
WordPad l chng
trnh son tho vn bn n
gin
thuc nhm
Accessories c nng
cp rt nhiu phin bn
Windows 7, vi giao din ribbon mi.
Vi nhiu tnh nng nh dng c b sung, nh highlight, bullets,
line breaks, v nhiu chn la v mu sc, cho php chn hnh nh
v chc nng Zoom gip WordPad tr nn mnh m, c th thay th
Winword trong trng hp my tnh khng c sn b Office.
Cch s dng Wordpad tng ng vi cch s dng MS Word, hc vin c
th tham kho phn th Home ca mc s dng MS Word.
2.5.5. Paint
Paint
l chng trnh ha c bn gip v v x l cc
hnh nh bitmap. Vi giao din ribbon, Paint nng kh nhiu v chc
nng c v
(brushes). Paint h tr tt cho mn hnh a im cm
ng, nn l mt chn la tuyt vi khi s
dng vi
Table PC.
V ng (line): C nhiu chc nng cho php v line

- 21 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

trong
Paint,
phi chn cng
quyt nh hnh
nt v. Mt s
cng c v l:
Pencil
tool,
Brushes,
Line
tool, Curve tool.

chng ta
c v v
dng ca

V hnh
hnh
hc
(shape): C th
v nhiu loi
shape:
ng
cong, mi tn,
tam gic, elip,
ch nht, trn,
vung...
Chng ta c th b sung text (nt lnh ch A) v format cho text,
c th chn (select tool) mt phn hnh nh copy, xa. C th xoay
nh, resize kch thc nh, s dng cng c ty im nh.
Cc chc nng ha ca Paint hin th th Home, hc vin
nn ln lt th tng cng c mt thy s khc bit gia cc cng c
v ca Paint.
2.5.6. Connect to Projector
Vic kt ni my tnh vi Projector ngy nay tr nn ph bin n
tt c sinh
vin.
Ty
theo
mi
my c cc
phm
tt
khc nhau
(hoc ty theo driver mn hnh) nn gy ra s lng tng cho ngi din
thuyt, t bit khi ng trc s ng ngi. Windows 7 cung cp chc
nng Connect to Projector thuc nhm Accessories tr gip nhanh chng
cho vic kt ni ny. Chng ta c cc chn la:
Computer Only: ch hin th my tnh- khi khng mun cho ngi
xem thy chng ta ang chun b g trn my.
Duplicate: hin thi ng thi trn my tnh v projector ging nhau.
Extend: hin th khc nhau gia my tnh v projector, rt hu
dng khi trnh chiu PowerPoint, ngi xem nhn phn trnh chiu, cn
chng ta nhn thy ghi ch (note) nhc bi trn my tnh.

- 22 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Projector Only:
ch
hin
th
trn
projector, tt mn hnh
laptop tit kim pin
cho nhng lc trnh
chiu di.
2.5.7. Math Input
Panel
Vic son tho
cng thc ton hc l
vic rt cn thit i vi hc sinh sinh vin v nhng ngi lm cng
tc k thut, Chng ta c th
son tho vi
Equation (xem chi tit phn WinWord), nhng Windows 7 cung cp mt
cng c mi s dng rt tin li v nhanh chng l Math
Input Panel thuc nhm Accessories.
Ngi dng ch cn dng chut hay bt v vit cng thc ton
vo vng 3, cng thc s c dch v hin th vng 1. Vng 4 cung
cp cc cng c hiu chnh cng thc. Sau khi son tho cng thc kt
thc, chn nt 5 copy cng thc vo clipboard, v dn vo MS Word.

2.6. S Dng Ting Vit Trong Windows


2.6.1. Ting Vit trong Windows
Cc phn mm g ting Vit thng dng trong Windows nh
Unikey, Vietkey... trong phn Unikey rt c a chung v min ph
v c nhiu u im. Khi nhp ting Vit, chng ta cn bit font ch v
kiu g.
Mi font ch tng mt bng m, do khi son tho bng loi
font no, c c chnh xc nht, chng ta phi c loi font tng
ng vi bng m . Mt bng m c nhiu font ch vi hnh dng khc
nhau. Font ch thng dng nht hin nay l font Unicode (nh Tahoma,
Arial, Times New Roman...) c sn trong MS Windows, tch hp tt c
cc k t ca cc ngn ng. y l font ch chun ca nc ta cng nh
nhiu nc khc trn th gii. Do , khi s dng ting Vit trn my
tnh bn nn chn b font Unicode. Ngoi ra cn c mt s b font dnh
ring cho ngi Vit c s dng trc kia nh: Font VNI (nh font
VNI-Times), TCVN3...
C rt nhiu kiu g ting Vit trong Windows do bn phm
chun khng c sn cc k t ting Vit. g c cc k t ting Vit
nh , , .. th chng ta phi s dng cc t hp phm. Mi kiu g ting
Vit u c nhng u im v nhc im nht nh, hai kiu g thng
dng nht l VNI v Telex. Gio trnh ny ch cp n kiu VNI do
nhng u im ca n trong thi im hin nay khi vn bn c kh nhiu
t ting Anh. Hc vin c th tm hiu cc kiu g khc t Internet.

- 23 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

K t

sc

huyn

hi

ng

nng

M (,)

Phm

V d: nhp t K Thut: nhp Ky4 Thua65t


2.6.2. S dng UniKey
Thng th
Unikey c t
StartUp folder t
thc thi, v hin th
khay h thng (tray)
vi biu tng V nu
cho php g ting
Vit, v biu tng E
nu tt ch g
ting
Vit.
Nu
Unikey cha khi
ng, c th thc thi
Unikey t shortcut
trn mn hnh hoc t
file Unikey.exe.
bt/tt ch g
ting Vit, ch cn click vo biu tng E hay V ny.
T mn hnh Unikey, chng ta chn bng m l Unicode, v kiu g
phm l VNI.

Chng 3. MICROSOFT WORD


3.1. Gii Thiu Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word, l phn mm son tho vn bn c dng ph
bin hin nay ca hng phn mm Microsoft. Word cho php ngi dng
son tho vn bn (text) vi cc nh dng nh phng ch, mu sc, cng
vi hnh nh ha (graphics) v cc d liu a phng tin
(multimedia) nh m thanh, video, khin cho vic son tho vn bn
c thun tin hn. Ngoi ra Word cng c cc cng c nh kim tra
chnh t, ng php ca nhiu ngn ng khc. Cc phin bn trc ca
Word lu tn tp tin vi ui l .doc, phin bn 2007 v 2010 dng ui
l .docx. Hu ht cc phin bn ca Word u c th m c cc dng
tp tin khc nh vn bn th (.txt), cc trang web (.html),
3.1.1. Cc thnh phn c bn trn mn hnh Word

- 24 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.1: Giao din MS Word 2010

Vng son tho vn bn: Nhp vn bn, nh dng, chn hnh nh,

Thanh Tab: Cha cc lnh ca Word.


Thanh cng c (Toolbar): Cha cc lnh thng s dng, di
dng cc cng c.
Ruler: Gm thc ngang v thc dc, dng canh l vn bn v
nh v cc im dng (Tab) mt cch trc quan.
Status bar: Thanh trng thi, hin th thng tin trng thi ca ca s
lm vic nh: v tr hin hnh ca du nhy, trang hin hnh trn tng s
trang,
3.1.2. Cc khi nim c bn
Character (k t): Mt k t c nhp t bn phm, tr cc phm
chc nng.
Word (t): Mt nhm k t lin tc, gia cc t cch nhau mt
khong trng.
Line (dng): Cc t nm trn cng mt dng.
Paragraph (on): L mt on vn bn c kt thc bng phm
Enter.
Page (trang): Kch thc mt trang c xc nh trong Page setup.
Section (phn on): L nhng phn ca vn bn c nhng nh

- 25 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

dng khc nhau.


3.1.3. Cc thao tc c bn
Khi ng v thot khi Word
Khi ng: Chn mt trong cc cch sau:
+ Start
All Programs Microsoft Office
Microsoft Word 2010.
+ Double Click vo Shortcut Microsoft Word trn
Desktop.
+ Start
g Winword vo Search ri nhn
Enter.
Thot khi Word:
+ Trong ca s lm vic, chn File Exit
.
+ Click nt Close
.
Nhp v hiu chnh vn bn
Cc phm di chuyn du nhy (cursor):
+ Sang tri mt k t: +
Sang phi mt k t:
+ Ln dng trn:
+ Xung dng di:
+ Sang tri mt t: Ctrl +
+ Sang phi mt t: Ctrl +
+ V cui dng: End
+ V u dng: Home
+ Ln trn mt trang: PageUp
+ Xung di mt trang: PageDown
+ V u vn bn: Ctrl+Home
+ V cui vn bn: Ctrl+End
+ Di chuyn n mt trang bt k: Ctrl+G
+ Shift+Enter: Ngt dng
+ Ctrl+Enter: Ngt trang
Cc phm xa:
+ Xa mt k t bn tri du nhy: BackSpace
+ Xa mt k t bn phi du nhy: Delete
+ Xa mt t trc du nhy: Ctrl+BackSpace
+ Xa mt t sau du nhy: Ctrl+Delete
+ Xa mt khi chn: Chn khi v nhn phm Delete

- 26 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Thao tc chn khi


+ Shift + Cc phm
: Chn mt k t.
+ Shift + Home: Chn t im chn n u dng.
+ Shift + End : Chn t im chn n cui dng.
+ Shift + PgDn: Chn t im chn n cui trang.
+ Ctrl + Shift + End: Chn t im chn n cui vn bn.
+ Ctrl + A: Chn c vn bn.
+ Gi phm Alt + Drag chut: Chn mt khi ty .
Nhp vn bn:
+ Nhp vn bn chnh xc, chn font ch r rng d c.
+ Nhp ng ni dung, khng sai chnh t, khng tha khong
trng.
+ Nhp vn bn trc, nh dng sau, khng nn va nhp va
nh dng.
+ Khng nn dng phm khong trng canh l cho vn bn.
Thao tc vi tp tin vn bn
To mt tp tin vn bn mi:
File New Blank Document (Ctrl+N), hoc Click nt New trn thanh cng
c.
M tp tin c:
File Open (Ctrl+O), hoc Click nt Open trn thanh cng c.
Lu tp tin vn bn:
File Save (Ctrl+S): Lu, nu tp tin cha t tn th xut hin hp thoi
t tn cho n.
File Save As (lu theo version): Lu li tp tin vi tn mi.
Cc ch hin th ti liu khi son tho
Print Layout: ch nh khi in (WYSIWYG).
Full Screen Reading: ch xem ton mn
hnh.
Web Layout: ch trang web.
Outline: ch cng nhiu cp.
Draft: ch th gip d dng chnh sa ti
liu.

- 27 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.2: Cc ch d hin th ti liu son tho

In ti liu: File

Print

Hp thoi khai bo cc thng s in n nh: chn my in, kh giy, s


bn in, in t trang n trang,

Hnh 3.3: Hp thoi thit lp trang in

3.2. nh Dng Vn Bn
Cc Tab (Home, Insert, ) khi c chn th cc nhm lnh
tng ng ca n hin th theo tng nhm dng Ribbon (di bng) gip
cho vic nh dng vn bn tr nn thun tin v nhanh chng hn.
Ngoi ra ngi dng cng c th to thm cc Tab mi cha cc chc
nng thng dng cho ring mnh.

Hnh 3.4: Menu kiu Ribbon ca MS Word 2010

3.2.1. To Tab cha cc cng c ring

- 28 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Do c th ring ca cng vic, c nhng tnh nng dng li


nhiu ln m li nm nhng v tr khc nhau gy bt li trong qu trnh
nh dng. Word 2010 cho php ngi dng to ra nhng Tab cha cc
cng c nh dng cho ring mnh.
Thc hin: R_Click ln vng trng ca Ribbon Customize the
Ribbon hoc File Options Customize Ribbon, xut hin hp thoi Word
Options:

Hnh 3.5: Hp thoi Word Options

Customize the Ribbon: Lit k theo loi Tab c trn Ribbon.


New Tab: Thm Tab mi.
Rename: i tn Tab.
New Group: Thm nhm cng c mi.
Thm cng c nh dng: Chn Group cn thm Chn cng c
ca s bn tri Chn Add.
Xa cng c trong Group: Chn Group hay cng c cn xa Chn
Remove.
Xa main Tab/Group: Chn main Tab/Group/Thc hin R_Click chn
Remove.
V d: Thm mt Main Tab c tn l Online vi Group Internet gm mt
s chc nng lin quan n Internet. Thc hin:
- 29 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

R_Click ln Ribbon Customize the Ribbon xut hin hp thoi


Word Options.
Mc Customize the Ribbon chn Main Tabs. Chn New Tab to
Main Tab sau i tn bng cch chn Rename.
To Tool Tab bng cch chn New Group sau i tn bng cch
chn Rename.
Chn Tool Tab cn thm cng c, ca s bn tri chn cng c
cn
thm v Click Add.
3.2.2. nh dng k t
Nguyn tc chung: C 2 cch l nh dng trc, nhp vn bn
sau hoc nhp vn bn trc nh dng sau. i vi cch 2, khi vn bn
phi c chn ri thc hin cc lnh nh dng.
Thc hin: Home (Group) Font: chn cc chc nng nh dng tng
ng:

Hnh 3.6: Group Font

Bold : nh dng in m.
Italic

: nh dng in nghing.

Underline

: nh dng gch chn.

Strikethrough : To ng gch ngang qua ch.


Subscript

: nh dng ch s di dng nh H2O

Superscript : nh dng ch s trn dng nh X3


Text Highlight Color : T mu nn cho ch
Clear formating : Xa mi nh dng.
Text Effect

: To hiu ng cho ch.

Grow Font

: Tng ln cho ch.

Shrink Font

: Gim ln cho ch.

Change case

: Chuyn i kiu ch HOA thng.

Text Highlight Color : T mu nh du cho ch.

- 30 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Font Color
: Mu ch.
Cc chc nng khc nh
dng k t nm trong hp thoi
Font. Ctrl+D m hp thoi ny
hoc click chn gc phi di ca hnh bn di.
Hnh 3.7: M rng hp thoi Font

Hnh 3.8: Hp thoi Font

Th font:
+ Font: Chn font ch
+ Font Style: Chn kiu ch m, nghing,
+ Size: Chn c ch (n v dng l point, 1 inch = 72
point)
+ Font color: Chn mu ch
+ Underline Style: Chn kiu gch di
Th Advanced:
+ Scale: Chn t l co gin cho vn bn
+ Spacing: Nn hoc gin vn bn
+ Position: Thay i v tr ca vn bn ln trn hoc xung di so vi
dng chun
Chuyn i kiu ch HOA thng (change case)
Chuyn i t ch hoa sang ch thng v ngc li, ch hoa u
cu hoc ch hoa u mi t.

- 31 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Thc hin: Chn Home (Group Font)


Change Case
Sentense case: k t u cu l ch hoa.
lowercase: tt c chuyn thnh ch thng.
UPPERCASE: tt c chuyn thnh ch in hoa.
Capitalize Each Word: K t u ca mi t l
ch in hoa.
tOGGLE cASE: Chuyn ch hoa thnh ch thng v ngc li.
To v hiu chnh hiu ng cho ch
Chn phn vn bn cn nh dng.
Home (Group Font) Text Effects v
chn hiu ng mong mun.

Hiu chnh hiu ng:


+ Outline: Mu ca ng vin.
+ Shadow: Chn hiu ng bng.
Chn
tip
Shadow
Options

hiu

chnh cc thuc tnh ca bng.


+ Reflection: Hiu ng phn chiu.
+ Glow: Hiu ng to vin xung quanh k t.
3.2.3. nh dng on vn bn (Paragraph) on vn bn l phn vn bn
c kt thc bng phm Enter,
hin th du Enter, ta Click nt Show/Hide

nh dng on vn bn, ta t du nhy trong on , chn

- 32 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Home (

Group Paragraph), chn cc chc nng nhng


dng
ng:t

Hnh 3.9: Group Paragraph

Bullets

Numbering

: To danh sch
:

To danh sch nh s th t

Multilevel List

To danh sch nhiu cp

Decrease Indent :

a on vn qua tri

Increase Indent :

a on vn qua phi

Sort

: Sp xp

Show/Hide

n, hin cc m nh dng n

Align Text Left : Canh tri


Center

: Canh gia

Align Text Right : Canh phi


Justify

: Canh u hai bn

Line and Paragraph Spacing:


Shading

Khong cch gia cc dng

: T nn

Border and Shadding :

To mu nn v ng vin

Cc chc nng nh dng on vn khc c trong hp thoi Paragraph.


m hp thoi ny.

- 33 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.11: Hp thoi Paragraph Th

Indents and Spacing: Canh l cho on vn:


Alignment: Canh l on vn (Left/Right/Center/Justified)
Indentation: Tht l cho on vn:
+ Left/Right: Khong cch tht vo so vi l tri/phi ca trang.
+ Special: Kiu tht l:
+ First line: Dng u ca on vn tht vo/ra so vi cc dng cn
li.
+ Hanging: cc dng ca on vn (tr dng u) tht vo/ra so vi
dng u tin.
Spacing: Chnh khong cch gia cc dng v cc on:
+ Before/After: Chnh khong cch t on hin hnh (on cha du
nhy) n on trc n hoc sau n.
+ Line spacing: Chnh khong cch gia cc dng.

- 34 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Borders and Shading


Chc nng ny cho php nh dng ng vin khung v mu
nn cho on vn bn. Chn Home/Group Paragraph /Borders and
Shading v chn cc kiu ng vin c sn.
Cc chc nng khc thng qua hp thoi Borders and Shading.
m hp thoi ny chn Borders and Shading

Hp thoi 3.12: Hp thoi Borders and Shading

Th Borders: ng khung on vn bn.


+ Setting: Chn kiu khung.
+ Style: Xc nh hnh thc ng vin khung: Style, Color,
Width.
+ Apply to: Xc nh phm vi ng khung:
Text: ng khung khi vn bn c chn.

- 35 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Paragraph: ng khung c on vn bn hin hnh.

Th Page Border: ng khung trang vn bn.


+ Cc nh dng ging nh Borders
+ Art: Chn cc kiu ng vin ngh thut.
+ Apply to: Phm vi ng khung.
- Whole document: ng khung tt c cc trang ca ti liu.
- This section: ng khung cc trang trong section hin hnh.
- This section first page only: Ch ng khung trang u ca section
hin hnh
- This section- all except first page: ng khung tt c cc trang tr
trang u.
+ Options: Thay i khong cch t khung n vn bn.
- Edge of page: Khong cch c tnh t l trang giy n khung.
- Text: Khong cch c tnh t vn bn n khung.
Th Shading: Dng t mu nn on vn bn.
Bullets and Numbering
Chc nng Bullets and Numbering dng chn t ng cc k t
c bit (Bullets) hoc s (Numbers) u mi on.
Bullets: Trnh by vn bn theo kiu lit k, u mi on c chn mt
k t c bit.

Define New Bullet: Chn kiu k t, hoc hiu chnh li cc thng s


ca Bullets.

- 36 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.13: Hp thoi Define New Bullet

+ Bullet character: Symbol, Picture, Font: Chn k hiu lm bullet.


+ Alignment: Canh l cho Bullet.
+ Preview: Xem nhanh nh dng.
Numbering: nh s th t danh sch, chn kiu Numbering cn nh
dng.

- 37 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Define New Number Format: Chn kiu s th t, hoc hiu chnh li


cc thng s ca Numbering:

- 38 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hp thoi 3.14: Hp thoi Define New Number Format

+ Number Style: Chn kiu s


+ Number format : S bt u trong danh sch
+ Alignment: Canh l cho s th t
+ Preview: Xem nhanh nh dng
Multilevel List: nh dng vn bn dng danh sch nhiu cp. Chn Define
New Multilevel List thit lp thng s cho tng cp.

- 39 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.15: Hp thoi Define new Multilevel list

+ Click level to modify: Chn cp, ti a l 9 cp.


+ Number format: nh dng kiu s th t.
+ Number style for this level: Chn kiu s th t: 1, 2, 3 hoc I, II,
III,
+ Start at : S bt u.
+ Position: Chn v tr t s v vn bn.
S dng Tab
Tab l cc im dng c dng di chuyn con nhy nhanh
sang phi khi nhn phm Tab thay v dng khong trng thng chm v
khng nh mong mun. C 2 loi tab l tab mc nh (c khong cch
u n 0.5 inch) v tab do ngi dng nh ngha. Tab thng dung khi
nhiu on vn (ch c 1 dng) c cc ni dung cn dng (tri, gia, phi,
) vi nhau. to Tab do ngi dng nh ngha
Chn khi vn bn cn nh dng.
t Tab trc tip trn thc bng cch Click chut trong Select Tab
chn kiu Tab, sau Click chut ln thc ti cc v tr

- 40 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+
+
+
+
+

thch hp. Cc kiu Tab:


Left Tab: Canh tri.
Center Tab: Canh gia.
Right Tab: Canh phi.
Decimal Tab: Canh theo du thp phn.
Bar Tab: Tab vch ng.
Hiu chnh Tab: Double Click ln Tab hp
ab.thoi T

Hnh 3.16: Hp thoi Tabs

+ Tab stop position: Nhp v tr ca Tab.


+ Alignment: Canh l cho Tab.
+ Set: Thit lp gi tr cho Tab.
+ Clear: Xa Tab
+ Clear all: Xa tt c Tab t.
+ Leader: Chn k t in vo ch trng trc Tab.
Hp thoi Tab c th m nh ngha Tab bng cch chn Home
Paragraph
Tabs:

- 41 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.17: Hp thoi Paragraph

Khai bo s lng tab, loi, v tr,

- 42 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.18: Thit lp ta Tab

Format Painter

: Cho php copy nhanh nh dng.

Chn mu vn bn cn sao chp nh dng ri click chn Format


Painter.
Qut ln phn vn bn cn c nh dng ging nh mu.

3.3. Chn Cc i Tng Vo Vn Bn


3.3.1. Chn hnh nh vo vn bn
Hnh nh (Picture) l cc dng thc tp tin ha thng c
phn ui l .jpg, .gif, c th c chn vo cng vi vn bn. Word
(Group Illustrations)

- 43 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

cho php ngi dng a vo hnh nh l nhng tp tin c sn hoc t


th vin hnh nh i theo b Office.
Chn hnh nh c sn
Insert Picture: duyt n hnh cn chn v click Insert.
Chn Clip Art
Insert (Group Illustrations) Clipt Art: xut hin hp thoi Clipt
Art. trng Text box Search for chn Go, cc Clip Art c lit k bn
di. Click chut ln mt Clip Art a n vo ti liu.
Chn Shapes
Insert (Group
Illustrations) Shapes: chn hnh
cn chn ri r chut (Drag) v vo
vng mun chn.

Chn SmartArt
Insert (Group Illustrations) SmartArt: chn hnh cn chn, Click
OK ri hiu chnh nh mong mun.

(Group Illustrations)

- 44 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.19: Hp thoi Choose a SmartArt Graphic

Chn biu
Insert Chart chn kiu biu cn chn.

Hnh 3.20: Hp thoi Insert Chart

Gi tr v biu c ly t mn hnh Excel km theo.


(Group Illustrations)

- 45 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.21: Hp thoi biu v gi tr lu trong bng tnh Excel

Chp mn hnh vi Screenshot


Insert Screenshot.

(Group Illustrations)

- 46 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Available Windows hin th cc chng trnh ang chy. Ngi dng


ch cn Click chn th hnh chp mn hnh s xut hin trong ti
liu.
Screen Slipping: cho php ngi dng trc tip chn vng mun chp.

Hnh 3.22: Chp hnh bng Screen Slipping

3.3.2. Hiu chnh Picture


Phin bn Office 2010 h tr tnh nng hiu chnh hnh nh nh
mt chng trnh x l nh chuyn nghip. Ngi dng ch cn Click
chut ln hnh nh mun hiu chnh v chn Tab Format, h thng cng
c a dng s xut hin trn Ribbon.

Hnh 3.23: Tab cha cng c hiu chnh hnh nh


- 47 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

(Group) Picture Style

Hnh 3.24: M rng Picture Style


M rng v chn hiu ng mong mun

Cc chc nng khc:


Picture Border: To mu vin khung nh.
+
Picture Effects: To hiu ng trc quan. cho
+
nh nh bng,nh sng, phn chiu hay l
hiu ng 3D.
+ Picture Layout: Chuyn i hnh nh hin ti sang dng

SmartArt.
(Group) Adjust

Hnh 3.25: Group Adjust

Remove Background: Loi b hnh nn.


Corrections: Hiu chnh nh sng cng nh tng phn.
- 48 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Color: Thay i mu ca hnh nh.


Artistic Effects: To hiu ng ngh thut phc ha cho hnh nh.
Compress Picture: Lm gim ln hnh nh (nn hnh nh).
Change Picture: Thay i hnh hin ti bng mt hnh khc.
Reset Picture: a hnh nh v trng thi nh khi mi chn vo.
(Group) Arrange

Hnh 3.26: Group Arrange

Wrap Text:
+ In Line with Text: Hnh v ch cng nm trn mt hng.
+ Square: Ch bao quanh hnh theo hnh vung.
+ Tight: Ch bao quanh hnh theo ng vin ca hnh.
+ Through: Ch bao quanh xuyn sut hnh.
+ Top and Bottom: Ch canh theo l trn v l di ca hnh.
+ Behind Text: Hnh nm di ch to hnh nn.
+ In Front of Text: Hnh nm trn b mt ch.
+ Edit Wrap Points: Thit lp gii hn ch ln hnh.
+ More Layout Options: M mn hnh Layout.
Cc chc nng khc:
+ Position: Thit lp v tr ca i tng trn trang.
+ Rotate: Thit lp gc xoay cho cc i tng.

- 49 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Align: Canh l cho i tng hay cc i tng vi nhau.


+ Group (Ungroup): Gp nhm (b gp nhm) cho
cc i tng.
+ Bring Forward: Thit lp i tng nm trn i
tng khc.
+ Send Backward: Thit lp i tng nm di i tng khc.
+ Selection Pane: Hin th cc i tng dng danh sch gip d dng
chn la v thc thi cc hiu chnh trn i tng.
Lu : Canh l cho cc i tng vi nhau hay gp nhm ch
thc hin c khi ta chn nhiu i tng cng lc bng cch v gi
phm Shift kt hp Click chut chn cc i tng.
(Group) Size
Cho php thit lp chiu rng hay chiu cao ca i tng.

Hnh 3.27: Group Size

Lu : M rng Size, Wrap Text, Position


cng cho cc chc nng tng t nh trn.
Chc nng ct xn hnh nh:

- 50 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Crop: Ct b nhng phn khng cn thit ca hnh nh.


+ Crop to Shape: Ct theo hnh c gi t Auto Shape.
+ Aspect Ratio: Ct theo t l.
+ Fill: Ct b nhng vng khng c chn.
+ Fit: Ct b nhng vng c chn.
3.3.3. Chn cc loi Text vo ti liu
Chn WordArt
WordArt l cng c to ch ngh thut. WordArt c x l nh
mt hnh nh chn vo vn bn.

- 51 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Chn Insert( Group Text


)

WordArt.

Chn kiu WordArt v nhp ni dung

Hnh 3.28: To ch ngh thut bng WordArt

Hiu chnh WordArt


Chn i tng, chn Tab Format.

Hnh 3.29: Tab cha cng c nh dng WordArt

(Group) Shape Styles:


Chn i tng WordArt thc hin m rng Shape Styles, chn

- 52 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

hiu ng tng ng.

Hnh 3.30: M rng Shape Styles

Cc chc nng khc:


+
+
+

Shape Fill: To mu nn cho WordArt.


Shape Outline: To mu vin cho WordArt.
Shape Effects: To hiu ng cho WordArt nh
l bng, phn chiu, 3D

(Group) WordArt Style:

Hnh 3.31: Group WordArt Style

- 53 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Text Fill

: Mu nn ch WordArt.

+ Text Outline

: Mu ng vin ch WordArt.

+ Text Effect

Hiu ng ch WordArt.
+ More

: M rng

WordArt Styles.
Hiu ng cho WordArt:
Ngoi cc hiu ng
nh bng, phn chiu,
3D ngi dng c th
thay i hnh dng ca
WordArt bng chc nng
Transform. Chn Text Box:
Text Box l cc
cho php ngi dng nhp
d liu vo v c th c
t bt c u trong ti
liu.
Insert (Group
Text) Text Box.

Ngi dng c th chn


Text Box mu m Word 2010 cung
cp hay t thit k Text Box ring
cho mnh bng cch chn Draw
Text Box.

- 54 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

AutoText
AutoText l chc nng chn vn bn t ng. Trong son tho vn
bn, c nhng cm t m ta phi nhp i nhp li nhiu ln, tit kim
thi gian v thao tc ta c th s dng chc nng AutoText. Cch thc hin:
To AutoText:
+ nh du chn khi vn bn mun to AutoText.
+ Insert (Group Text) Quick Part, chn AutoText, chn Save
Selection to AutoText Gallery.
+ Trong khung Create new Building Block: nhp t i din vo
Textbox Name.
+ Click nt OK.
S dng AutoText:
+ Ti v tr cn chn AutoText, nhp t i din, nhn phm F3.
3.3.4. Object
Cng c cho php chn cc i tng t cc phn mm khc vo
vn bn, bng cch chn Insert (Group Text) Object, chn loi object cn
chn.
Chn cng thc ton hc: Insert (Group Text) Object Microsoft
Equation 3.0, xut hin thanh cng c Equation, chn cng c, nhp cng
thc, khi kt thc ta click chut ra ngoi thanh cng c t ng ng li.

Hnh 3.32: Thanh cng c Equation Chn

cc mu ngy v thi gian:


t du nhy ti v tr m bn mun chn.
Chn Tab Insert
(Group Text) Date & Time.
Trong hp Date & Time click chn mu cn a vo, click OK.

- 55 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.33: Hp thoi Date and Time Equation: Son

tho cng thc ton hc theo mu.


Insert (Group Symbols) Equation: chn cng thc mu v hiu
chnh.
3.3.5. Drop Cap
Chc nng Drop Cap dng to mt k t HOA c kch thc ln
u ca mi on vn bn. Cch thc hin:
t du nhy trong on vn bn mun to ch Drop Cap.
Tab Insert

(Group Text) Drop Cap.

Trong ca s Drop Cap, chn kiu ch Drop Cap.


+ None: B Drop Cap.
+ Dropped: Ch Drop Cap nm trong vn bn.
+ In margin: Ch Drop Cap nm l tri vn bn.
Font: Chn kiu ch cho Drop Cap.

- 56 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Lines to drop: S dng vn bn ng vi chiu cao ca ch Drop


Cap.

Hnh 3.34: Hp thoi Drop Cap

Position: V tr gia i tng c Drop Cap v cc hng trong on


vn.
Font: Thit lp kiu ch cho Drop Cap.
Lines to drop: ln cho Drop Cap (n v c tnh bng dng).
Distance from text: Khong cch t ch Drop Cap n vn bn.
3.3.6. Chn biu tng v k hiu c bit (Symbols)
Insert (Group Symbols) Symbol chn cc biu tng c sn hoc
chn More Symbols

- 57 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.35: Hp thoi Symbol

Chn k hiu v click Insert a vo ti liu.


3.3.7. To Bookmark v Hyperlink
Bookmark dng nh du mt v tr trong ti liu vi mt tn, chc
nng ny thng dng trong cc ti liu c ni dung di.
Hyperlink dng to lin kt n mt trang Web, mt hnh nh,
mt bookmark hay mt chng trnh.
To Bookmark
t du nhy ti v tr mun nh du .
Chn Insert (Group Links) Bookmark.

- 58 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.36: Hp thoi Bookmark

Bookmark name: Nhp tn Bookmark.


Click Add. Trong ti liu c th c nhiu v tr cn to Bookmark, mi
Bookmark c mt tn ring. To Hyperlink nh du khi ni dung vn
bn lm nhn lin kt: Chn Tab Insert (Group Links) Hyperlink
Xut hin ca s Hyperlink:
+ Link to: Trang web, bookmark,

Hnh 3.37: Hp thoi Insert Hyperlink

- 59 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

3.3.8.

Cross-reference (To tham chiu cho)

Dng tham chiu n mt i tng nh tiu


( heading),hnh minh ha, bng biu, trongti
liu. Mc nh n c chn nh mt hyperlink.
Cch to:
Trong ti liu hin hnh, nhp nhn tham chiu.
Chn Insert ( Group Links
)
Cross-reference.

Hnh 3.38: Hp thoi Cross-reference

+ Trong Combobox Reference type, click chn loi i tng mun


tham chiu n V d: a heading.
+ Trong hp Insert reference to, click chn thng tin mun chn vo ti
liu V d: the heading text.
+ Trong hp For which, click ch nh i tng mun tham chiu n.
+ Insert as hyperlink : Cho php ngi s dng di chuyn n phn t
tham chiu.
+ Click Insert.
3.3.9. To Header & Footer
Insert (Group Header & Footer) Header hoc Footer, ngi dng
c th chn cc mu Header/Footer c sn hoc Edit Header/Footer
nhp ni dung. Chn Remove Header/Footer b Header/Footer
- 60 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hiu chnh Header & Footer:

Hnh 3.39: Tab cha cng c to Header and Footer

Page Number: Thm vo s trang t ng.


Date & Time: Thm vo ngy thng hin hnh ly t h
thng.
Quick Parts: Thc hin chc nng
AutoText.
Picture: Chn hnh nh t file c sn.
Go to Header/Go to Footer: Di chuyn
ti Footer hoc Header.
Previous, Next: iu hng n trang
trc hoc sau.
Different First Page: To trang u
khc bit so vi cc trang cn li.
Different Odd & Even Pages: To
trang chn khc bit so vi trang l
Show Document Text: Tt bt hin th
ti liu trong trang.
3.3.10. Thao tc trn trang:
To trang ba theo mu (Cover
Page):

- 61 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Insert

(Group Pages) Cover Page chn mt mu c sn.

Remove Current Cover Page: Xa trang ba.


Blank Page: Chn trang trng, Page Break: Qua trang mi.

3.4. Bng Chia Ct V Trnh By Trang


Bng (table) l kiu trnh by vn bn c cu trc gm cc ct
(column) v cc dng (row), giao gia cc dng v cc ct l cc
(cell).
3.4.1. Cch to bng
Insert (Group Table) Table.

- 62 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

R chut chn s dng v ct cn to. Tuy nhin cch ny ch to


c bng c s dng v ct gii hn.
Insert Table: Cho php to bng vi s dng v ct c ngi dng
nhp vo, sau Click OK to bng.

Excel Spreadsheet: Nhng bng tnh (Excel) vo trong Word.


Quick Tables: To bng nhanh theo mu.
3.4.2. Hiu chnh bng (Table)
Click chut ln bng xut hin Tab Table
hn
Tools
Layout
c

Hnh 3.40: Tab cha cng c to bng

Chn cc thnh phn trong bng


Chn : Click chut ln hng, chn Tab Layout Group Table
Select chn Select Cell.

- 63 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Chn ct: Click chut ln ct, chn Tab


Layout Group Table Select chn Select
Column.
Chn hng: Click chut ln hng, chn Tab Layout
Group Table Select chn Select Row.
Chn c bng: Click chut ln bng, chn Tab Layout Group Table
Select chn Select Table.
Thao tc trn hng v ct
Click chut ln bng, chn
Layout Group Row & Column
gm cc chc nng sau:
Insert Above: Thm mt hng
pha trn.
Insert Left: Thm ct bn tri.
Insert Below: Thm mt hng
Insert Right: Thm ct bn
pha di .
phi.
+ Delete Cells: Xa .
Delete:
+ Delete Columns: Xa ct.
+ Delete Rows: Xa hng. +
Delete Table: Xa bng.
Trn hoc tch cc
Chn cc cn trn, chn Tab Layout Group Merge c cc chc
nng sau:
Merge Cell: Trn cc ang chn thnh mt
duy nht.
Split Cells: Tch thnh nhiu .
Split Table: Tch thnh hai bng khc nhau.
Thay i ln ca cc
Click chut ln bng, Chn Tab Layout Group Cell Size gm cc
chc nng sau:

- 64 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

AutoFit:
+ AutoFit Contents: Kch thc bng co gin theo lng d liu trong
bng.
+ AutoFit Window: Kch thc bng m rng bng chiu rng vng
son tho.
+ Fixed Column Width: C nh chiu rng ct.
Height: Hiu chnh chiu cao ca hng.
Width: Hiu chnh chiu rng ca ct.
Distribute Rows: Hiu chnh cho cc hng c kch thc bng
nhau.
Distribute Columns: Hiu chnh cho cc ct c kch thc bng
nhau.
Canh l cho d liu trong
Chn cc cn canh l d liu, Tab Layout Group Alignment c cc
chc nng sau:

Hnh 3.41: Group Alignment


- 65 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Text Direction: Thay i hng ca d liu trong .


Cell Margins: Thit lp khong cch gia d liu v l .
Thao tc vi d liu trong bng
Click chut ln bng, Tab Layout

Group Data gm cc chc

nng:

Hnh 3.42: Group Data

Sort: Sp xp d liu trong bng.


Repeat Header Rows: Hng ang c chn s c lp li khi ln
ca bng vt qu mt trang.
Convert to Text: Loi b bng v chuyn d liu bn trong v dng
chui.
Formula: Thc hin tnh ton vi cc trng d liu trong bng
V d: Cn tnh tng tin cc linh kin c lit k trong bng sau:
Thc hin: Click chut ln cn tnh ton chn Tab Layout Group
Data Formula.

- 66 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.43: Hp thoi Formula

3.4.3. Thit k bng


Thc hin: Click chut ln bng chn Tab Design.

Hnh 3.44: Tab cha cng c trang tr bng

Group Table Styles


Cho php to ra cc bng d liu p mt theo mu c to sn.

- 67 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Thc hin: Click chut ln bng v chn Style. C th m rng


Style c nhiu Style hn.

Hnh 4.45: Group Table Styles

Shading: T mu nn.
Borders: To ng vin.
(Group) Draw Borders
Draw Table: to bng t do.
Pen Color: Chn mu cho ng vin.
Eraser: Xa cc ng trong bng.
(Group) Table Style Options
Header Row: Nhn mnh hng u tin (tiu ).
Total Row: Nhn mnh hng cui.
Banded Rows: To s phn bit
gia cc hng (t mu cch
hng).
First Column: Nhn mnh ct u.
Last Column: Nhn mnh ct cui.
Banded Column: To s phn bit gia cc ct (t mu cch
ct).
3.4.4. Chia ct (columns)
Chc nng Columns cho php nh dng vn bn dng ct bo.

- 68 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Chn khi vn bn mun chia ct, chn Page Layout (Group Page
Setup) Columns. Ngi dng chn s lng ct cn chia hoc chn More
Columns m hp thoi Columns.

Hnh 3.46: Hp thoi Columns

Presets: chn mt trong cc mu c sn hoc nhp s ct vo


Number of columns.
Line between: K/Khng k ng phn cch gia cc ct.
Width and spacing: rng ca ct v khong cch gia cc ct.
Apply to: Phm vi chia ct.

- 69 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Lu : Khi chia ct ngi dng thng mc cc li nh chia hai


ct d liu nm bn mt ct, khng th thot ra khi hai ct Cc li
ny xy ra khu qut chn d liu (thng l khng ngt on). chia
ct lun thnh cng ngi dng nn bt nt Show/Hide khi qut chn
d liu khng qut phi du Enter cui cng .
3.4.5. Trnh by trang
T mu nn cho trang (Page Color):
Thc hin: Page Layout

Group Page Background

Page Color.

To Watermark
Chc nng Watermark cho php ngi dng to lp ch m di
vn bn. Watermark thng dng bo hiu loi ti liu cn c quan
tm c bit nh Confidential (mt) hoc Urgent (khn).
Page Layout (Group Page Background)

Watermark.

Custom Watermark: To Watermark theo ngi dng.

- 70 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.48: Hp thoi Printed Watermark

+ No Watermark: B Watermark.
+ Picture Watermark: To Watermark l hnh nh c chn.
+ Text Watermark: To Watermark l ch c nhp vo Textbox Text
+ Remove Watermark: Xa Watermark.
Footnote v Endnote
Chn ch thch cho ti liu, ti v tr ch thch s c nh du
v ni dung ch thch xut hin cui trang (Footnote) hoc cui ti liu
(Endnote).
t du nhy ti v tr mun to ch thch.
Tab References (Group Footnotes) Insert Footnote to ch thch
cui trang hoc Insert Endnote to ch thch cui ti liu
Cc chc nng khc:

- 71 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Next Footnote: Di chuyn n footnote k tip trong ti liu


+ Show Notes: Di chuyn nhanh n ni t Footnote hoc Endnote

3.5. Style
3.5.1. Khi nim
Trong qu trnh son tho vn bn, c nhng ni dung c nh
dng ging nhau, nu nh dng ln lt cho tng ni dung ring s mt
nhiu thi gian v khng nht qun. Mt trong nhng cch n gin
thc hin iu ny l dng Style.
Style l mt tp hp cc nh dng c to trc v c mt tn.
Style rt cn thit khi son tho gio trnh hoc ti liu c nhiu mc,
nhiu loi vn bn khc nhau.
Style c th p dng cho cho on vn (Paragraph), cho k t
(Character) hoc c hai (Linked). Word c sn cc Style mc nh, ngi
dng c th nh ngha thm Style. Cc Style c cha trong trong
Group Styles trn thanh Ribbon ca tab Home.
3.5.2. Cc thao tc trn Style
Cch to Style
nh dng cho khi vn bn.
Chn khi vn bn va nh dng.
M rng Style, chn Save Selection as a New Quick Style.

- 72 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Nhp tn Style trong textbox Name:

Hnh 3.49: Hp thoi t tn Style

Chn Modify t hp thoi trn hiu chnh Style:

- 73 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.50: Hp thoi Create New Style from Formatting

Name: Nhp tn Style mi.


Style type: Chn loi Style (paragraph, character, linked).
Style based on: Chn Style lm c s cho Style ang to, Style
ang to s bao gm cc nh dng ca Style nn.
Style for following paragraph: Chn Style cho on k tip.
Formatting: Chn cc nh dng cho Style.
Click nt Format cho php m rng cc nh dng nh: Font, Para-

- 74 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

graph, Tabs, Border, Language, Frame, Numbering, Shortcut Key, Text


Effects.
Gn Style
Chn khi vn bn mun nh dng theo mt Style no ..
Chn tn Style trong hp Group Styles, hoc nhn t hp phm tt.
Hiu chnh Style
Trong ca s Styles and Formatting.
Right Click vo tn Style mun hiu chnh, chn Modify...
Thc hin hiu chnh.
3.5.3. To bng mc lc to mc lc cn phi to Style trc, ni
dung no mun xut
hin trong mc lc th ni dung phi c gn Style.
Chn Tab References Group Table of Contents
chn Insert Table of Contents.
Show page numbers: Hin th s trang.
Tab leader: Kiu Tab t tn mc n s trang.
Formats: Chn kiu nh dng.
Show levels: S cp xut hin trong mc lc.

- 75 -

Table
Contents

of

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.51: Hp thoi Table of Contents

Click chn Optionsxut hin ca s Table of Contents Options.


Hnh 3.52: Hp thoi Table
of Contents Options

Mc Available Styles:
Danh sch cc Style
ang tn ti.
Trong mc TOC level: Ch nh cp xut
hin ca Style tng
ng.
Click OK hon tt.

3.5.3.2.

- 76 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

3.6. Template
3.6.1. Khi nim
Template l mt tp tin mu, cho php to mt tp tin mi vi
mu c to sn. Tp tin mu c th bao gm tiu , logo, nhng
nh dng khc. Tp tin mu c phn ui l .dotx.
Trong Word c sn cc tp tin Template, ta c th s dng bng
cch:
Chn File New Sample Templates xut hin ca s Template, cha cc
mu Template, chn mt mu ph hp vi ni dung ca ti liu sau
chn tip:
+ Document chn Create s dng Template.
+ Template chn Create sa Template t Template c sn.
+

Hnh 3.53: Hp thoi chn Templates

3.6.2. To tp tin mu mi
Chn File New

- 77 -

My Templates.

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.54: Hp thoi to Template mi

+ Trong th Personal Templates chn Blank document.


+ Ti mc Create New chn Template, OK.
+ Son tho v nh dng cho tp tin mu.
+ Lu
tp
tin
mu trong th
mc mc
C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Templates.

nh

3.6.3. Download tp tin mu


File New trong mc Office.com Templates chn lnh vc, chn
mu v click Download ti v. Yu cu my phi ni mng Internet.

- 78 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.55: Download Templates t Office.com

3.7. Cc Chc Nng Khc


3.7.1. Trn th (Mail Merge)
Cng vic vn phng thng c
nhu cu to cc giy mi, phiu bo, th
cm n, giy chng nhn, Nhng
mu th tn ny thng c chung mu
m, ch khc nhau thng tin ca ngi
nhn. thc hin cng vic ny mt
cch nhanh chng v chnh xc Word h
tr cng c gi l Mail Merge
To Data source: L mt Table cha
danh sch ngi nhn th, trong
cc ct s cha cc thng tin ca
ngi nhn, lu thnh tp tin
dulieu.doc

- 79 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

To mu th tn: Cha ni dung chung cho tt c cc th.


Thc hin trn th: Gm 6 bc:
+ Ti trang th tn, chn Tab Mailings (Group Start Mail Merge) Start
Mail Merge Step by Step Mail Merge Wizard.
Xut hin ca s Mail Merge.
+ Select document type: Chn loi th (Chn Letters), next.
+ Select starting document:
Chn Use the current document: Chn ti liu hin hnh lm mu th trn

Start from a Template: Chn mu Template

Start from existing document: Chn mt ti liu c, chn xong click


next sang bc k tip
+ Use an existing list: Chn bng d liu cha danh sch ngi
nhn, click nt browse, m danh sch, click nt select all, OK,
Next.
+ Xem trc thng tin c trn.
+ Thc hin trn: C th dng thanh cng c Mail merge, Click nt
Merge to new document, xut hin ca s Merge, chn phm vi
trn, OK hon tt, cc th trn xong c lu vo mt tp tin
mi.
+ Tnh nng nng cao:
khai thc ht nhng tnh nng ca trn th nh thm iu kin (If
Then Else), Next Record, Next Record If chn Tab Mailings
Group Write & Insert Fields Rules.
3.7.2. Tm kim v thay th (Find and Replace)
Tm kim
Tm kim l bi ton kh ph bin trong lnh vc Tin hc. Vic
tm kim bng tay vi khi lng vn bn ln lun l iu khng kh thi,
tn nhiu cng sc m li km hiu qu. Word cung cp cho ngi dng
tnh nng tm kim rt mnh m, rt ngn thi gian tm kim v lun m
bo tnh chnh xc.

- 80 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

View (Group Show) Navigation Pane xut hin hp thoi


Navigation cho php ngi dng nhp ni dung cn tm trong mc
Search Document.

Hnh 3.56: Hp thoi Navigation

Thay th ni dung
Chc nng Replace thay th ni dung c bng ni dung mi.
View (Group Show) Navigation Pane, click m rng Combo box
Search Document chn Replace.

Hnh 3.57: Chn chc nng Replace Xut

hin hp thoi Find and Replace:

- 81 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 3.58: Hp thoi Find and Replace

Find what: Nhp ni dung cn tm.


Find Next: Tm ti ni dung k tip.
Replace with: Nhp ni dung thay th.
Replace: Thay th ni dung ang c nh du hin hnh.
Replace All: Thay th ton b ni dung c nh du trong ti
liu.
Cancel: Hy b.
3.7.3. Thm ch thch
Ch thch c thm vo ti liu Word nhm din gii cho mt ni
dung no .
Review (Group Comments) New Comment, nhp ni dung ch
thch.
Cc chc nng khc ca Group Comments:
+ Delete: Xa ch thch.
+ Previous: Di chuyn n ch thch bn trn.
+ Next: Di chuyn n ch thch pha di.

- 82 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

3.8. In n Trong Word


thc hin in n t MS Word, t th File Print. Chn thng s
thit lp nh m t phn Windows trc khi in n. Nhng trc khi
thc hin in n, chng ta phi thit lp thng s trc khi in.
3.8.1. nh dng trang in
Page Layout Group Page
Setup, vi cc mc chnh nh sau:
Nt Margins: Ch nh
thng s v l cho trang in. Chng
ta c th chn t cc mu c sn, hoc chn Custom margins ty nhp
thng s v l: l trn, di, tri, phi (Top, Bottom, Left, Right).
Nt Orientation: chn hng in dc hay ngang.
Nt size: Chn kch thc giy in trong danh sch, hoc nhp kch
thc trang theo yu cu ca ngi dng t mc More Paper Sizes.
Chng ta c th m rng Page Setup (click vo v tr mi tn pha
cui bn phi ca th) xut hin hp thoi Page Setup.

Hnh 4.39: Hp thoi Page Setup

Th Page: t hng trang, chn kh giy in.


+ Orientation: Chn hng .
+ Scaling : Chn t l in.
- 83 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Paper size: Chn kh giy.


+ Print quality: Cht lng in.
+ First page number: S bt u ca
trang u. 3.8.2. Thit lp trc khi in
Copies: S lng bn in.
Printer: Chn my in.
Print All Pages: In tt c hoc nhp s
trang in vo Textbox Pages.
Print One Sided: Chn in mt mt
hay hai mt.
Collated: Th t trang in Portrait
Orientation: Hng giy in.
Custom Page Size: Kh giy in.
Custom Margins: Thit lp l.
1 Page Per Sheet: Thit lp s lng trang in trn mt t giy in.

Chng 4. MICROSOFT EXCEL


4.1. Gii Thiu Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel l phn mm v bng tnh in t dng lu
tr, t chc v thao tc trn d liu. Vng lm vic ca Excel l mt bng
gm nhiu hng v ct. Hng (row) c c nhn din bi s (1,2,3,
) v ct (column) c nhn din bi k t (A,B,C,). Giao gia hng
v ct l (cell) v c a ch l <ct-hng> v d A7. l n v c s
lu tr d liu ca bng tnh.
4.1.1. Cc thnh phn trong ca s Excel

- 84 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 4.1: Giao din MS Excel 2010

Cc thnh phn trong ca s Excel gm:


Title bar: Thanh tiu .
Tab bar: Thanh lnh.
Ribbon: Thanh cha cc Group cng c.
Formula bar: Thanh cng thc.
Sheet Tab: Cha cc sheet
workbook.
4.1.2. Cu trc ca mt workbook

trong

Workbook
Mt tp tin ca Excel 2010 c gi l mt Workbook v c phn
phn loi mc nh l .xlsx. Mt Workbook c xem nh l mt ti liu
gm nhiu trang gi l sheet, mt workbook c ti a 255 sheet.
- 85 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Worksheet

Hng: C ti a l 1.048.576
hng, c nh s th t t
1,2,3,
Ct: C ti a l 256 ct, c nh s t A,B,C,

<tn ct><Ch s hng>

: L giao ca ct v hng, d liu c cha trong cc , gia cc


c li phn cch.
Mi c mt a ch c xc nh bng tn ca ct v s th t
hng.
Mi mt sheet l mt bng tnh gm cc hng v ct

Con tr : L mt khung nt i, cha con tr c gi l


hin hnh.
Vng (Range): Gm nhiu lin tip nhau, mi vng c mt a
ch c gi l a ch vng. a ch vng c xc nh bi a ch
ca gc trn bn tri v gc di bn phi, gia a ch ca 2
ny l du hai chm (:) v d C5:F10
Gridline: Trong bng tnh c cc li (Gridline) dng phn cch
gia cc , cc li ny s khng xut hin trong trang in.
Mun bt/tt Gridline, chn lnh View (Group Show) Gridlines
Cc thao tc trn sheet
Chn Sheet lm vic: Click vo tn Sheet.
i tn Sheet: D_Click ngay tn Sheet cn i tn, sau nhp vo tn
mi.
Chn thm mt Sheet: Chn lnh Insert WorkSheet.
Xa mt Sheet: Chn Sheet cn xa, R_Click
Delete.
4.1.3. Cc kiu d liu v cch nhp
Kiu d liu s
- 86 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Khi nhp vo s bao gm: 0..9, +, -, *, /, (, ), E, %, $, ngy v gi


th s theo ng quy c trong mi trng Windows s mc nh c
canh l phi trong .
t quy nh v cch nhp v hin th s trong Windows:
chn lnh Start Control Panel Regional and Language Formats
Additional Settings Number

Hnh 4.2: Hp thoi Customize Format

D liu dng s (Number):


+ Decimal symbol: Quy c du phn cch phn thp phn.
+ No. of digits after decimal: S ch s thp phn.

- 87 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Digits grouping symbol: Du phn cch hng ngn.


+ Digits grouping : S s hng trong Group.
+ Negative number format: nh dng s m.
+ List separator: Quy c du phn cch ngn.
D liu dng tin t (Currency):
Excel cho php ngi dng nh dng cch hin th cc loi tin
t khc nhau. Du phn cch gia cc phn theo quy nh ca h thng
nh kiu Number. Kiu d liu tin t ng s t ng canh phi.
D liu dng ngy (Date):
Excel s hiu d liu kiu Date khi ta nhp vo ng theo s quy
nh ca Windows, d liu s canh phi trong . Ngc li Excel s hiu
l kiu chui.
kim tra v thay i quy nh khi nhp d liu kiu Date cho
Windows: chn Start Control Panel Regional and Language
Formats
Additional Settings Date.
D liu dng gi (Time):
Excel s hiu d liu kiu Time khi ta nhp ng theo quy nh
ca Windows, mc nh l gi:pht:giy (hh:mm:ss AM/PM). D liu s
canh phi trong . D liu kiu chui (Text)
D liu chui bao gm k t ch v s, khi nhp th mc nh l
canh tri trong .
Cng thc (Formula)
Cng thc bt u bng du =, gi tr hin th trong l kt qu
ca cng thc, c th l mt tr s, mt ngy thng, mt gi, mt chui
hay mt thng bo li.
Cng thc l s kt hp gia cc ton t v ton hng.
Cc ton t nh: +, -, *, /, &,^, >, <, >=, <=, =,<>,
Cc ton hng nh: hng, hm, a ch , a ch vng,
4.1.4. Cc loi a ch v cc thng bo li thng gp a ch
tng i
- 88 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

L a ch m n t ng cp nht theo s thay i ca a ch


ngun khi thc hin thao tc copy cng thc bo ton mi quan h
tng i gia cc trong cng thc.
Quy c: a ch tng i ca c dng:

<Tn ct><Ch s hng>


V d:

Hnh 4.3: V d a ch tng i

a ch tuyt i:
L a ch m n khng thay i khi thc hin thao tc copy cng
thc.
Quy c: a ch tuyt i ca c dng:

$<Tn ct>$<Ch s hng>


V d:

Hnh 4.4: V d a ch tuyt i

Trong v d trn, a ch D1 khng i khi copy cng thc


a ch hn hp
L a ch m n ch thay i mt trong hai thnh phn (hng hoc
ct) khi copy cng thc.
Quy
gi c $<Tn ct><Ch s hng>

- 89 -

c: a ch hn hp c dng.
nh ct khi copy cng
thc

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

V d: $A1
gi c <Tn ct>$<Ch s hng>
thc

nh hng khi copy cng


V d: A$1 V d:

Hnh 4.5: V d a ch hn hp

Khi copy cng thc t D3 sang F3 th ct B khng i -> c nh


ct B.
Cch chuyn i gia cc loi a ch
Khi nhp mt a ch trong cng thc v nhn phm F4 chuyn t
a ch tng i sang tuyt i v hn hp.

Hnh 4.6: Chuyn i qua li cc loi a ch

Cc thng bo li thng gp trong Excel


Khi Excel khng tnh c mt cng thc th chng trnh s bo
li sai, bt u bng du #, di y l danh sch cc thng bo li
thng gp.
Thng bo
Nguyn nhn
li
#DIV/0!
Trong cng thc c php tnh chia cho 0.
Cng thc tham chiu n c gi tr
#N/A
khng tm thy hoc nhp hm thiu i
s.
#NAME?
Trong cng thc c tn hm hoc tn
sai.

- 90 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

#NULL
#NUM!
#REF!
#VALUE!

Xy ra khi xc nh giao gia 2 vng


nhng vng giao nhau l rng.
D liu s b sai.
Xy ra khi trong cng thc c tham chiu
n mt a ch khng hp l.
Trong cng thc c cc ton hng v
ton t sai kiu.

4.2. Cc Thao Tc C Bn
4.2.1. X l trn khi d liu t tn cho vng thun tin cho vic
thao tc trn d liu, ta c th t tn cho
mt vng d liu c chn nh sau:
Chn vng d liu cn t tn.
Nhp tn vng vo mc Name box. Nhn enter.
Sao chp d liu t ny sang khc v in d liu

S dng chc nng Copy v Paste:


+ Chn vng d liu ngun cn sao chp.
+ Chn Home(Group Clipboard)
Copy hoc nhn Ctrl+C
+ Di chuyn con tr n u tin ca vng ch.
+ Chn Home (Group Clipboard) Paste hoc nhn Ctrl+V
T ng in d liu (AutoFill):
+ S dng tnh nng AutoFill: Khi Drag ti Fill handle xung pha
di hoc sang phi, AutoFill s to ra dy cc gi tr tng dn
da theo mu trong dy c chn.
+ S dng tnh nng Fill t Ribbon: Ngoi tnh nng AutoFill, cn
c th s dng lnh Fill t Group Editing thc hin nhng sao
chp n gin.
t tr ti mun sao chp v Drag n nhng mun in vo
Chn Home (Group Editing)
Fill, sau chn lnh
Down, Right, Up, Left thch hp vi hng mun sao chp
S dng chc nng Copy v Paste Special
- 91 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Chc nng Paste Special gip ngi dng c th sao chp mt


thnh phn no ca d liu.
+ Chn d liu cn sao chp.
+ Chn Home
(Group Clipboard)
Copy.
+ Chn v tr cn sao chp n
+ Chn Tab Home
Group Clipboard
Paste
Paste
Special. + Xut hin hp thoi Paste Special. Chn dng sao
chp:

Hnh 4.7: Hp thoi Paste Special -

Formulas: Ch sao chp cng thc.


-

Values: Ch sao chp gi tr.

Formats: Ch sao chp nh dng.

Comments: Ch sao chp ch thch.

Validation: Sao chp kim tra tnh hp l d liu.


All except Borders: Sao chp tt c ngoi tr ng vin.

Column widths: Sao chp rng ca ct.


- 92 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Formulas and number formats: Sao chp cng thc v nh dng d liu s.

Values and number formats: Sao chp gi tr v nh dng d liu s.

Operation: Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide: Sao chp ng thi thc hin
php ton cng, tr, nhn, chia.
4.2.2. Thao tc trn hng v ct
Thm hng
Chn cc hng m ti mun chn thm hng mi vo.
Vo Home (Group Cells) Insert Sheet Rows hoc R_Click, chn
Insert
Thm ct
Chn cc ct m ti mun chn thm ct mi vo.
Vo Home (Group Cells) Insert Sheet Columns hoc R_Click, chn
Insert
Thm mi
Chn cc hoc a con tr n m ti mun chn cc trng vo.
Chn Home (Group Cells) Insert Cells hoc R_Click, chn Insert..., xut
hin hp thoi sau:

+ Shift cells right: D liu trong hin hnh b y sang phi.


+ Shift cells down: D liu trong hin hnh b y xung di.
+ Entire row: Chn c dng mi.
- 93 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Entire column: Chn c ct mi.


Xa hng, ct, hoc
Xa hng/ct: Chn cc hng/ct cn xa. Chn Home Group Cells
Delete Delete Sheet Rows/Delete Sheet Columns hoc R_Click chn
Delete.
Xa : Chn cc cn xa. Chn Home Group
Cells
Delete Delete Cells hoc R_Click chn Delete...
Thay i rng ca ct v chiu cao ca hng
C th thay i rng ca ct hoc chiu cao ca hng bng cch
a chut n bin gia tn ct/hng sau drag chut thay i
kch thc.
+ Dng Home (Group Cells) Format.
+ Chn Row Height thay i chiu cao ca hng (hoc chn
Column Width thay i rng ca ct).
+ Chn AutoFit Row Height/AutoFit Column Width t ng iu
chnh kch thc va vi d liu.
4.2.3. nh dng cch hin th d liu nh
dng cch hin th d liu s
Chn vng d liu cn nh dng.
Chn Home (Group Cells) Format Format Cells, chn th Number.

- 94 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 4.8: Hp thoi Format Cells

D liu s khi nhp vo mt trn bng tnh ph thuc vo 2 thnh


phn: Loi (Category) v m nh dng (Format code). Mt s c th
hin th theo nhiu loi nh Number, Date, Percentage, mi loi c
nhiu cch chn m nh dng.
Chn loi th hin trong khung Category.

LOI

CNG DNG

V D

General

nh dng s mc nh, canh phi, gi


nguyn dng ban u nh khi nhp vo

15.75
15234

- 95 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Number

nh dng s vi du chm ng c th
h tr bng cc du phy, s ch s
thp phn ty .

3.14159
(1,234.57)

Currency

nh dng n v tin t

$12.345
1234 VN

Accounting

Date

nh dng tin t c thit k canh


cc ct theo du thp phn ca gi tr
tin t
nh dng ngy thng chung, ngy
thng c hin th theo mt s kiu
tiu chun

$75.50
$5.50
09/12/2010
Sep-12-10

Time

nh dng gi chung, gi c hin th


theo mt s kiu tiu chun

2:30 PM
14:30:20

Percentage

Mt cch nh dng m cc gi tr
trong cc c chn c nhn vi
100 v kt qu hin th vi biu tng
%

100%
68.8%

Fraction

nh dng di dng phn s

Scientific

nh dng s khoa hc, s dng m cho


cc s c qu nhiu ch s

Text
Special

nh dng s nh vn bn
Cc dng c bit Zip Code, Phone
Number

1/5
1.25E+3
2.0E-2
123
981012312-3456

Danh sch cc dng tiu chun hoc


15/06/2010
cc dng ty chn
Ngoi ra c th nh dng nhanh cch hin th s bng cch dng
cng c trn thanh cng c Formatting.
Custom

- 96 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 4.9: nh dng hin th s bng cng c Formatting

Currency: nh dng kiu tin t.


Percent Style : nh dng kiu phn trm.
Comma Style: nh dng c du phn cch ngn.
Increase Decimal: Tng thm mt s l phn thp
phn.
Decrease Decimal: Gim bt mt s l phn thp
phn.
nh dng n v tin t kim tra, thay i nh dng cch hin th tin
t trong mi
trng Windows, Chn Start Control Panel Regional and Language
Additional Settings Currency.
Currency symbol: Nhp dng k hiu tin t.
Positive currency format: Chn v tr t k hiu tin t.
Canh l d liu trong
Chn Home

- 97 -

(Group Cells) Format FormatCells

Alignment.

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 4.10: Hp thoi Format Cells

Text Alignment: Canh l cho d liu trong .


+ Horizontal : Canh l theo chiu ngang (Left/ Right/ Center/
Justified/ Center Across Selection/ Distributed/ Fill).
+ Vertical: Canh l theo chiu ng (Top/ Center/ Bottom/ Justify/
Distributed).
Orientation: Chn hng cho d liu (nhp s o gc quay trong
Degrees).
Text Control: iu chnh d liu.
+ Wrap text: D liu t ng xung dng khi gp l phi ca .
+ Shrink to fit: D liu t ng thu nh kch thc cho va vi .
+ Merge cells: Kt hp cc thnh 1 . nh
dng k t
Chn HomeGroup Cells Format Format Cells Font: Chn kiu nh
dng.
C th nh dng bng cng c Group Font. K
khung cho bng tnh
Chn HomeGroup Cells
- 98 -

Format Format Cells

Border.

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Presets: Chn kiu k khung.


+ None: B k khung.
+ Inside: K cc ng trong.
+ Outside: K ng vin xung quanh.
Border: cho php chn ng k trc quan theo yu
cu.
Line:
+ Style: Chn kiu ca ng k.
+ Color: Mu ca ng k.
T nn cho bng tnh
Chn Home(Group Cells) Format Format Cells Fill
+ Pattern Color: Chn mu nn.
+ Pattern Style: Chn cc mu nn.
C th t nhanh bng cch Click nt Fill Color Group Font.
Lu : C th m hp thoi Format Cells bng cch chn vng d
liu, R_Click chn Format Cells trong Shortcut menu.

- 99 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

4.3. Mt S Hm Trong Excel


Hm dng tnh ton v tr v mt gi tr, trong cha hm s
tr v mt gi tr, mt chui k t hoc mt thng bo li, Excel c
mt tp hp cc hm rt phong ph v c phn loi theo tng nhm
phc v cho vic tnh ton trn nhiu kiu d liu v nhiu mc ch
khc nhau.
4.3.1. C php chung v cch s dng C
php chung
= TN HM ([Danh sch i s])
a s cc hm ca Excel u c i s nhng cng c nhng hm
khng c i s. Nu hm c nhiu i s th gia cc i s phi c
phn cch bng k hiu phn cch, cc k hiu phn cch c quy nh
trong Control Panel vi mc nh l du phy
Cch s dng
Nu cng thc bt u l mt hm th phi c du = (hoc du @,
hoc du +) pha trc. Nu hm l i s ca mt hm khc th khng
cn nhp cc du trn. C 2 cch nhp hm:
Cch 1: Nhp trc tip t bn phm +
t tr chut ti mun nhp hm.
+ Nhp du = (hoc du @, hoc du +).
+ Nhp tn hm cng cc i s theo ng c php.
+ Nhn Enter kt thc.
Cch 2: Thng qua hp thoi Insert Function

- 100 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

t tr ti mun nhp hm.

Click chn Insert Function hoc Shift+F3.

Hnh 4.11: Hp thoi Insert Function

+ Chn Group hm trong danh sch Function category.


+ Chn hm cn s dng trong danh sch Function name.
+ Click OK chn hm.
+ Ty theo hm c chn, Excel s m hp thoi k tip cho php
nhp cc i s (nhp hoc qut chn). Tin hnh nhp cc i s.
V d danh sch cc i s cn nhp ca hm IF

Hnh 4.12: Hp thoi Function Arguments

4.3.2. Cc hm thng dng


Cc hm ton hc (Math)

- 101 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

C PHP

NGHA V V D

Tr v gi tr tuyt i ca mt s thc.
=ABS(12 - 20)
8
Tr v s nguyn ln nht khng vt qu
number.
INT(number)
=INT(5.6)
5
=INT(-5.6)
-6
Tr v s d ca php chia nguyn number cho
MOD(number,
divisor (number, divisor l cc s nguyn).
divisor)
=MOD(5, 3) 2
Lm trn ln ti mt s nguyn l gn nht.
ODD(number)
=ODD(3.6) 5
=ODD(-2.2) -3
Tnh tch ca cc gi tr trong danh sch tham
PRODUCT(number1,
s.
number2, ...)
=PRODUCT(2, -6, 3, 4)
-144
Tr v mt s ngu nhin trong khong t 0
n 1.
RAND( )
=RAND( )
S ngu nhin
Lm trn s number vi chnh xc n
num_digits ch s thp phn (vi qui c 0 l
lm trn ti hng n v, 1 l ly 1 ch s thp
ROUND(number,
phn, -1 l lm trn ti hng chc, ...).
num_digits)
=ROUND(5.13687, 2)
5.14
=ROUND(145.13687, -2)
100
Tnh cn bc 2 ca mt s dng number.
SQRT(number)
=SQRT(36) 6
Tnh tng ca cc gi tr trong danh sch tham
SUM(number1, nums.
ber2, ...)
=SUM(2, -6, 8, 4)
8
Tnh tng cc tha mn iu kin.
range: vng m iu kin s c so
SUMIF(range, criteria
snh.
[, sum_range])
criteria: chui m t iu kin. V d:
"10", ">15", "<20",
ABS(number)

- 102 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

- sum_range: vng c tnh tng. Cc trong


vng ny s c tnh tng nu cc tng
ng trong vng range tha iu kin. Nu
khng c sum_range th vng range s c
tnh.
=SUMIF(C4:C12, >=6, F4:F12)
Cc hm thng k (Statistical)
C PHP
MAX(number1,
number2, ...)
MIN(number1,
number2, ...)
AVERAGE(number1,
number2, ...)
COUNT(value1,
value2, ...)
COUNTA(value1,
value2, ...)
COUNTBLANK(range)

- 103 -

NGHA V V D
Tr v gi tr ln nht ca cc gi tr s
trong danh sch tham s. =MAX(1, 2,
3, 5) 5
Tr v gi tr nh nht ca cc gi tr s
trong danh sch tham s. =MIN(1, 2, 3,
5)
1
Tr v gi tr trung bnh cng ca cc s
trong danh sch tham s.
=AVERAGE(1, 2, 3, 5)
2.75
m s cc gi tr s trong danh sch tham
s.
=COUNT(2, hai, 4, -6)
3
m s cc khng rng trong danh sch
tham s.
=COUNTA(2, hai, 4, -6) 4
m s cc rng trong vng range.
=COUNTBLANK(B4:B12)

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

m cc tha mn iu kin criteria trong


vng range.
range: l vng m iu kin s c
so snh.
COUNTIF(range, criteria) criteria: l chui m t iu kin. V
d:
"10", ">15", "<20".
=COUNTIF(B4:B12, >=6)
Tr v th hng ca number trong ref, vi
order l cch xp hng.
RANK(number, ref [,
Nu order = 0 hoc c b qua th ref c
hiu l c th t gim.
order])
Nu order <> 0 th ref c hiu l c th t
tng.
Cc hm Logic
C PHP
AND(logical1, logical2,
)

NGHA V V D
Tr v gi tr TRUE nu tt c cc iu
kin u l TRUE.
=AND(3>2, 5<8, 9>-12)
TRUE

Tr v gi tr FALSE nu tt c iu kin
l FALSE.
OR(logical1, logical2, )
=OR(2>3, 12<8, 9>3)
TRUE
=OR(2>3, 12<8, -9>3)
FALSE
NOT(logical)

Ly ph nh ca gi tr logical.
=NOT(2>3) TRUE

IF(logical_test,
value_if_true,
value_if_false)

Tr v gi tr value_if_true nu iu kin
logical_test l TRUE, ngc li s tr v
gi tr value_if_false.
=IF(A1 >=5, u,Rt)

Cc hm x l chui (Text)

- 104 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

C PHP

NGHA V V D

LOWER(text)

Chuyn chui text thnh ch thng.


=LOWER(i Hc Cng Nghip) i
hc cng nghip

UPPER(text)

Chuyn chui text thnh ch in hoa.


=UPPER(i Hc Cng Nghip) I
HC CNG NGHIP TPHCM

PROPER(text)

TRIM(text)

LEN(text)

LEFT(text, num_chars)

RIGHT(text, num_chars)

MID(text, start_num,
num_chars)
VALUE(text)

- 105 -

i cc k t u ca mi t trong chui
text thnh ch in hoa, cn li u l ch
thng.
=PROPER(I HC CNG NGIP)
i Hc Cng Nghip
Ct b cc k t trng v ch trong chui
text.
=TRIM( i Hc Cng Nghip ) i
Hc Cng Nghip
Tr v di ca chui text.
=LEN(I HC CNG
NGHIP)
19
Tr v num_char k t bn tri chui text.
=LEFT(I HC CNG NGHIP, 7)
I HC
Tr v num_char k t bn phi chui
text.
=RIGHT(I HC CNG NGHIP,
11)
CNG NGHIP
Tr v chui k t c di num_chars
bt u t v tr start_num ca chui text.
=MID(I HC CNG NGIP, 5, 3)
HC
Chuyn chui c dng s thnh tr s.
= VALUE("123") + 2 125

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Cc hm ngy v gi (Date & Time)


C PHP
TODAY( )
NOW( )
DAY(date)

MONTH(date)
YEAR(date)

WEEKDAY(date)

DATE(year, month,
day)

TIME(hour, minute,
second)

NGHA V V D
Tr v ngy hin hnh ca h thng.
=TODAY( )
Tr v ngy v gi hin hnh ca h thng.
=NOW( )
Tr v gi tr ngy trong thng ca biu
thc ngy date.
=DAY(A1) 14
Tr v gi tr thng trong nm ca biu
thc ngy date.
=MONTH(A1)
8
Tr v gi tr nm ca biu thc ngy date.
=YEAR(A1) 2010
Tr v s th t ngy trong tun ca biu
thc date.
Gi tr 1: Sunday, 2:Monday, ..., 7:
Saturday.
=WEEKDAY(A1)
3
Tr v gi tr dng Date theo quy nh ca
h thng.
=DATE(2010,08,14) 14/08/2010
=DATE(10,8,14)
14/08/2010
Tr v gi tr dng Time.
=TIME(8,25,28)
8:25:28 AM
=TIME(17,2,46)
5:2:46 PM

Cc hm tm kim (Lookup & Reference)


Hm VLOOKUP

- 106 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Chc nng: Tm gi tr lookup_value trong ct tri nht ca bng


table_array theo chun d tm range_lookup, tr v tr tng ng
trong ct th col_index_num (nu tm thy).
C php:

VLOOKUP(lookup_value, Table_array,
col_index_num, range_lookup)
+ range_lookup = 1: Tm tng i, danh sch cc gi tr d tm
ca bng Table_array phi sp xp theo th t tng dn. Nu
tm khng thy s tr v gi tr ln nht nhng nh hn
lookup_value.
+ range_lookup = 0: Tm chnh xc, danh sch cc gi tr d tm
ca bng Table_array khng cn sp xp th t. Nu tm khng thy
s tr v li #N/A.
V d:

Hnh 4.13: V d s dng hm Vlookup

Hm HLOOKUP
Chc nng: Tm gi tr lookup_value trong dng trn cng ca bng
table_array theo chun d tm range_lookup, tr v tr tng ng
trong dng th row_index_num (nu tm thy).
C php:
- 107 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

HLOOKUP(lookup_value, Table_array,
row_index_num, range_lookup)
ngha ca cc i s ca hm Hlookup tng t nh hm
Vlookup.
V d:

Hnh 4.14: V d s dng hm Hlookup

Hm MATCH
Chc nng: Hm tr v v tr ca lookup_value trong mng
lookup_array theo cch tm match_type
C php:
+

MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, match_type)

match_type = 1: Tm tng i, danh sch cc gi tr


d tm ca bng Table_array phi sp xp theo th t tng dn.
Nu tm khng thy s tr v v tr ca gi tr ln nht nhng
nh hn lookup_value.
+ match_type = 0: Tm chnh xc, danh sch cc gi tr d tm ca
bng Table_array khng cn sp xp th t. Nu tm khng
thy s tr v li #N/A.
match_type = -1: Tm tng i, danh sch phi sp xp cc gi
+

- 108 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

tr d tm ca bng Table_array theo th t gim dn. Nu tm


khng thy s tr v v tr ca gi tr nh nht nhng ln hn
lookup_value.
V d:

Hnh 4.15: V d s dng hm Match

Hm INDEX
Chc nng: Tr v gi tr trong hng th row_num, ct th
column_num trong mng array.
C php:

INDEX(array, row_num, column_num)


V d:

Hnh 4.16: V d s dng hm Index

- 109 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Cc hm kim tra (IS_function)


Cc hm kim tra dng kim tra xem kiu ca mt gi tr hay
ca mt c tha mn mt iu kin no khng. Chng hn: d liu
c phi l gi tr s khng? C phi l chui k t khng?...
Cc hm kim tra lun tr v mt trong hai gi tr TRUE hoc
FALSE. Nh vy cc hm ny c th p ng c trong cc trng hp
m c mt s d liu ngoi l trong mt bng d liu cn tnh ton.
ISERROR(value): Tr v gi tr TRUE nu value l mt li bt k,
ngc li th tr v gi tr FALSE.
ISNA(value): Tr v gi tr TRUE nu value l li #N/A, ngc li th
tr v gi tr FALSE.
ISNUMBER(value): Tr v gi tr TRUE nu value l gi tr s, ngc
li th tr v gi tr FALSE.
ISTEXT(value): Tr v gi tr TRUE nu value l mt chui, ngc li
th tr v FALSE.
4.3.3. Cng thc mng
H tr thng k, tnh ton da trn nhiu iu kin khc nhau v
c thc hin trn mng d liu.
Khi thc hin tnh ton bng cng thc mng th cng thc c
bao bc bi hai du ngoc {}. Hai du ngoc ny ngi dng khng g
m c t pht sinh khi ngi dng thc hin tnh ton bng cch nhn
t hp phm Ctrl+Shift+Enter. Nu khi thc hin tnh ton hoc sa cha
cng thc m qun nhn t hp phm trn th cng thc s tr v gi tr
khng ng hay thng bo li #VALUE! Error.
V d: Tnh tng s lng in thoi do Minh bn:

- 110 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Thc hin:
Nu phn t Bi l in thoi, tc l 1 (True) c tr v ngc li 0
(False) c tr v. Nu phn t Ci l Minh, 1 c tr v ngc li 0
c tr v. Cui cng phn t Di c tr v. 3 gi tr ny c nhn li
vi nhau. Sau hm Sum ngoi s tnh tng cho tt c cc dng.

4.4. Thao Tc Trn C S D Liu


4.4.1. Khi nim v c s d liu
Khi qun l thng tin v mt i tng, ta phi qun l cc thuc
tnh lin quan n i tng . V d, qun l nhn vin th cn qun l
thng tin ca nhn vin nh h tn, m nhn vin, phi, nm sinh, ni
sinh, a ch, m ngch, bc, h s, lng, ph cp, chc v,... l cc
thuc tnh phn nh ni dung ca mt i tng cn qun l. Cc thuc
tnh thng c biu din di dng cc kiu d liu khc nhau (l
chui, s, ngy thng, ) v c hp nht thnh mt n v thng tin
duy nht gi l mu tin (record). Cc mu tin cng dng (cng cu
trc) hp li thnh mt c s d liu.
Trong Excel, c s d liu c dng nh mt danh sch, v d nh
danh sch nhn vin, danh sch hng ha,... Mi danh sch c th gm c
mt hay nhiu ct, mi ct c gi l mt trng (field) ca c s d
liu, tn ca ct s c gi l tn trng.

- 111 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hng u tin trong danh sch (c s d liu) cha cc tn trng


c gi l hng tiu (Header row), cc hng tip theo mi hng l
mt mu tin (record) cho bit thng tin v i tng m ta qun l.
4.4.2. Cc hm c s d liu
Cc hm c s d liu mang tnh cht thng k nhng mu tin
trong CSDL c trng tha iu kin ca vng tiu chun c thit
lp trc.
C php chung:

=Tn hm( database, field, criteria)


database: a ch vng CSDL
(Chn a ch tuyt i sao
chp).
field: Ct cn tnh ton, field c th
l tn trng, a ch ca tn field
hoc s th t ca trng (ct
th nht ca vng CSDL chn
tnh l 1 v tng dn sang tri).
criteria: a ch vng iu kin
V d : Ta c mt c s d liu nh sau:

Hnh 4.17: V d s dng hm co s d liu

Tn hm

- 112 -

ngha v v d

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

DAVERAGE(database,
field, criteria)

Tnh trung bnh cng cc gi tr trong


ct field ca cc mu tin tha iu kin
criteria.
=DAVERAGE($A$1:$D$8,D1,F1:F2)

DMAX(database, field,
criteria)

Tm tr ln nht trong ct field ca cc


mu tin tha iu kin criteria.
=DMAX($A$1:$D$8,D1,F1:F2)

DMIN(database, field,
criteria)

Tm tr nh nht trong ct field ca cc


mu tin tha iu kin criteria.
=DMIN($A$1:$D$8,D1,F1:F2)

DCOUNT(database, field,
criteria)
DCOUNTA(database,
field, criteria)

m cc kiu s trong ct field ca


cc mu tin tha iu kin criteria.
=DCOUNT($A$1:$D$8,D1,F1:F2)
m cc khc rng trong ct field ca
cc mu tin tha iu kin criteria.
=DCOUNTA($A$1:$D$8,D1,F1:F2)

4.4.3. Cc lnh x l d liu


Trch lc d liu
Lc d liu t ng (AutoFilter).
Chc nng: Lnh Data (Group Sort & Filter) Filter dng lc cc mu
tin tha mn nhng tiu chun no t c s d liu ban u. Kt qu
ch hin th nhng mu tin tha iu kin cn nhng mu tin khc s
tm thi b che
Thc hin:
+ Chn vng CSDL vi tiu .
+ Chn Tab Data (Group Sort & Filter) Filter, Excel s t ng xut
hin cc nt th cnh tn field cho php chn iu kin lc tng
ng vi cc field .
+ Chn iu kin lc trong hp lit k ca tng field tng ng.

- 113 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Chn Text Fillter thc hin chc nng lc nng cao theo yu cu
ca ngi dng:

Hnh 4.18: Hp thoi Custom AutoFilter

Show rows where: Cho php ngi dng chn iu kin v nhp
gi tr so snh combobox k bn. Ngi dng c th kt hp vi iu
kin v, hoc pha di.
Lc d liu nng cao (Advanced Filter)
Chc nng: Lnh Data (Group Sort & Filter) Advanced dng trch
ra cc mu tin theo cc iu kin ch nh trong vng iu kin c
to trc.
Thc hin:
Bc 1: To vng iu kin lc. S dng mt trong hai cch sau:
Cch 1: S dng tn trng to vng iu kin: Vng iu
kin s c t nht hai hng, hng u cha cc tn field iu kin, cc
hng khc dng m t iu kin.
+ Chn cc trng trong bng tnh lm vng iu kin.
+ Sao chp tn field iu kin lm tiu ca vng iu kin.
+ Nhp trc tip cc iu kin vo di tn trng tng ng. Cc
iu kin ghi trn cng mt hng l cc iu kin tha mn ng
thi (AND), nhng iu kin ghi trn cc hng khc nhau l
nhng iu kin tha mn khng ng thi (OR). V d:

- 114 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

i tng

im

>5

Cch 2: S dng cng thc to vng iu kin: Vng iu kin


s c hai , trn cha tiu nh: iu kin, hoc b trng nhng
phi khc vi tn trng, di l cng thc m t iu kin. + Chn
hai trng trong bng tnh lm vng tiu chun.
+ Nhp tiu trn ca vng tiu chun.
+ Nhp cng thc vo bn di m t iu kin, dng mu tin u
tin trong c s d liu t iu kin so snh, hm AND dng
lp cc iu kin tha mn ng thi, hm OR dng lp cc
iu kin tha mn khng ng thi.
V d:

Bc 2: Vo Data
(Group Sort
& Filter)
Advanced, xut
hin hp thoi c cc ty chn sau
Action:
+ Filter the list, in-place: kt
qu hin th trc tip trn
vng CSDL.
+ Copy to another location: kt
qu c t ti mt v tr
khc.
List range: Chn a ch vng
CSDL.
Criteria range: Chn a ch vng tiu chun.
Copy to: Chn a ch ca u tin trong vng kt qu (phi chn mc
Copy to another location).

- 115 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Unique records only: Nu c nhiu mu tin ging nhau th ch ly duy


nht mt mu tin i din, ngc li th ly ht cc mu tin tha iu
kin ca vng tiu chun (d ging nhau).
Sp xp d liu
Lnh Data Sort dng sp xp cc hng hoc cc ct trong vng
c chn theo th t ty chn tng ng kho sp xp c ch nh,
vng sp xp phi chn tt c cc c lin h vi nhau.
Thc hin:
+ Chn vng d liu cn sp xp.
+ Vo Data (Group Sort & Filter) Sort, xut hin hp thoi.

Hnh 4.19: Hp thoi Sort

Sort by: Chn kha sp xp.


Sort On: Gi tr sp xp (gi tr, mu nn, mu ch, biu tng).
Order: Th t tng dn hoc gim dn.
Add Level: Thm kha sp xp, nu d liu trong ct kha pha
trn b trng.
Copy Level: Copy iu kin.

- 116 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Delete Level: Xa iu kin.


Nu mun sp xp theo hng th chn nt lnh Options ca hp
thoi
Sort, sau chn mc Sort left to right.
Mun sp xp nhanh theo ct no th t tr vo bt k ca
ct Click chn nt Sort A->Z
chun. 4.4.4. Subtotals

hoc Z->A

trn thanh cng c

Chc nng: Thng k d liu theo tng nhm trong c s d liu.


V d tnh tng tin lng theo tng nhm N V.
Thc hin: Xt CSDL BNG LNG di y. Vn t ra
l cn tnh tng tin lng theo tng nhm N V.

Dng lnh Data (Group Sort & Filter) Sort sp xp d liu theo
N V, mc ch cc mu tin c cng N V th nm lin k
nhau.
Chn bng CSDL cn tng hp vi tiu l mt hng.
Vo Data (Group Outline Subtotals), xut hin hp thoi Subtotal vi
cc ty chn sau:
- 117 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 4.20: Hp thoi Subtotal

+ At each change in: Chn tn trng cn tng hp.


+ Use function: Chn hm s dng tnh ton hay thng k.
+ Add subtotal to: Chn tn trng cha d liu cn thc hin tnh
ton hay thng k.
+ Replace current subtotals: Thay th cc dng tng hp c ghi
dng tng hp mi.
+ Page break between groups: To ngt trang gia cc nhm. +
Summary below data: Thm dng tng hp sau mi nhm.

- 118 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Kt qu:

Lm vic vi mn hnh kt qu sau khi tng hp.


Click vo cc nt
chn cc mc d liu bn mun xem.
+ Ch hin th tng chnh (Grand Total Only).
+ Hin th tng chnh v tng ph (Grand Total And Subtotal).
+ Hin th chi tit tt c cc mu tin cng cc tng hp (All
Record).

4.4.5.

Chc nng PivotTable

Chc nng: Thng k d liu theo nhiu cp khc nhau vi nhiu


hnh thc a dng t mt bng d liu chnh.
Thc hin:
t con tr trong bng d liu.
- 119 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Chn lnh Tab Insert (Group Tables) PivotTable PivotTable xut hin
hp thoi yu cu chn vng d liu lm thng k v ni xut bng
thng k.

Hnh 4.21: Hp thoi Create PivotTable

+ Select a Table or range: Cho php chn vng d liu l Sheet hin
hnh.
+ Use an external data source: Cho php chn vng d liu t file
Excel c sn.
+ New Worksheet: Pht sinh bng thng k trn sheet mi.
+ Existing Worksheet: Pht sinh bng thng k t a ch c nhp
vo.
Click OK xut hin hp thoi cho php ko th cc field l iu kin
thng k.

- 120 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 4.22: Hp thoi PivotTable Field List

Vng Row Labels v Column Labels s cha Field lm iu kin thng


k
Vng Values cha nhng Field s liu mun thng k.
Drag chut ko Field vo vng tng ng kt qu s t ng cp
nht to thnh bng thng k.
4.4.6. Chc nng Consolidate

- 121 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Dng thng k d liu t nhiu bng c s d liu ngun nhiu


tp tin khc nhau.
Bc 1: To bng thng k, bng thng k l mt khung gm row
header hoc column header, hoc c hai.
Column header: Cha tn cc field mun thng k, trong ct
u tin l ct lm iu kin thng k.
Row header: Cha gi tr mun thng k
Bc 2: nh du chn bng thng k
Bc 3: Chn lnh Tab Data
(Group Data Tools)
xut hin hp thoi Consolidate

Consolidate

Hnh 4.23: Hp thoi Consolidate

+ Function: Chn php thng k.


+ Reference: a ch ca bng c s d liu mun thng k, click nt
Add. Nu c nhiu bng d liu th click nt Add thm vo
khung all references.
+ Click nt Browse chn d liu tp tin khc.
+ Use labels in: Chn column header v row header theo mu ca bng
thng k.

- 122 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Create links to source data: Bng d liu thng k lin kt vi d


liu ngun nu mc ny c check, khi d liu ngun thay i
th d liu trong bng thng k cng thay i theo.
V d: C bng d liu nh hnh, ta cn thng k tng lng v tng
ph cp chc v ca cn b cng nhn vin.

Lu : Khi chn a ch ca bng d liu ta nh du t ct cha


gi tr lm row header.

4.5. To Biu Trong Excel


Khi cn trnh by d liu ca bng tnh th vic hin th cc s
kin v con s di dng biu rt c ngha. Biu cho php biu
din s tng quan ca d liu trong bng tnh trn phng din ha,
bin i cc hng, ct thng tin thnh nhng hnh nh c ngha. Biu
gip bn so snh s liu trong bng tnh mt cch trc quan, trnh vic
phi c cc s liu chi cht trn bng, tin on c s pht trin ca
d liu m t trong bng, lm cho bng tr nn sinh ng v thuyt phc
hn.
4.5.1. Cc loi biu
C 3 loi biu thng gp l biu dng ct (Column), dng
ng thng (Line) v dng bnh (Pie). T 3 dng ny Excel trin khai
- 123 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

thnh 14 loi biu chun (Standard types) v 20 kiu biu tu chn


(Customize types) c th dng biu din s liu trong bng tnh thnh
nhiu cch nhn khc nhau ty theo yu cu ca ngi dng.
Cc loi biu chun trong Excel v cng dng c bn ca mi loi
Biu
tng

Loi biu

Column

Chc nng

So snh cc loi d liu vi nhau theo


chiu dc.
Bar
So snh cc loi d liu vi nhau theo
chiu ngang.
Line
Cho xem s thay i d liu trong mt giai
on.
Pie
So snh t l ca cc thnh phn trong mt
tng th.
XY
M t quan h gia hai loi d liu lin
(Scatter) quan.
Area
Nhn mnh tm quan trng tng i ca
cc gi tr qua mt giai on.
Doughnut So snh cc phn vi tng th trong mt
hoc nhiu phm tr d liu (Biu Pie c
mt l gia).
Rada
Ch ra cc thay i trong d liu hoc tn
s d liu tng i vi tm im.
Surface
To vt cc thay i trong hai bin s khi
bin s th ba (nh thi gian) thay i, l
mt ha 3 chiu.
Buble
Hin sng cc chm gi tr, tng t nh
ha Scatter.
Stock
Kt hp ha Line v ha Column.
c thit k c bit to vt gi c
phiu.

- 124 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Cylinder

S dng mt hnh tr trnh by cc d


liu ha Bar hay ha Column.
Cc thnh phn ca biu

Hnh 4.24: Biu trong Excel

Chart Title: Tiu ca biu .


Legend: Ch gii, dng m t dy s liu trong biu .
Category (X) axis : Tiu trc X.
Value (Y) axis: Gi tr ca cc mc.
Dng biu
Mt biu trong Excel c to ra t d liu trong bng tnh
hin hnh. V vy trc khi xy dng biu cn to d liu. V d:

Cch to

- 125 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Qut vng d liu cn to biu , chn Tab Insert Group Charts


Chn loi biu (Column, Line, Pie, Bar, Area, Scatter, Other Charts).

Hnh 4.25: Group Charts

Chn kiu biu

Biu c pht sinh ngay trong sheet hin hnh

- 126 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 4.26: Biu kt qu

Hiu chnh biu


Sau khi to xong biu , ta c
th hiu chnh biu nh thay i loi
biu , vng d liu, hiu chnh cc tiu
, bng cch: Click chut ln biu , chn Tab Chart Tools.
Design
Group Chart Styles cho php chn Style cho biu . Phin bn
Excel 2010 cung cp h thng Style cho biu rt phong ph v p
mt.

- 127 -

Group Chart Layout cho php chn cc cch


o b
biu
tr.
ch

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Group Data:
+ Switch Row/Column chuyn
i Legend l hng hay ct.
+ Select Data cho php thm,
xa, sa cc field ca legend
hay chuyn i qua li gia
legend v category axis.
Group Type:
+ Change Chart Type cho php
chn li kiu biu .
+ Save As Template lu lm
biu mu.
Group Location:
+ Move Chart di chuyn biu
sang v tr khc.
Group Current Selection:
+ Combobox Chart Area: Cho
php chn cc thnh phn
ca biu .
+ Format Selection: Cho php
nh dng cc thnh phn ca
biu c chn.
+ Reset to Match Style: B mi
nh dng do ngi dng
thit lp.
Group Labels:
+ Chart Title: Thm, xa, nh v tr cho tiu ca biu .
+ Axis Titles: Thm, xa,
nh v tr cho tiu cc trc ca biu .
+ Legend: Thm, xa, nh v tr cho ch thch.

- 128 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

+ Data Table: Hin th gi tr c ly t bng ln


biu .
Group Axes:
+ Axes thay i nh dng v b tr ca cc trc
trn biu .
+ Gridlines bt/tt hin th li trn
biu .
Group Background:
+ Chart Wall: nh dng cho vch
ca biu .
+ Chart Floor: nh dng cho sn ca biu .
+ 3-d Rotation: Xoay biu c cc gc nhn khc nhau.
Format
Group Shape Styles:
Excel 2010 cung cp h thng Style mu nn phong ph, p mt.
Ngi dng ch cn m rng thy tt c Style v click chn
Style ng .

Shape Fill: Mu nn; Shape Outline:Mu ng vin; Shape


Effects: Hiu ng.
Group WordArt Styles:

+ WordArt Styles: Chn kiu


Style ch cho biu ; Text Fill:
Mu ch; Text Outline: Mu
ng vin ch; Text Effects: Hiu ng cho
ch.
Group Size:
Thit lp chiu cao chiu rng cho biu .
+

4.6.
- 129 -

nh Dng Trang In Trong Excel

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Tng t nh khi nh dng trc khi in ca Word, tuy nhin t


Excel c im khc nh sau:
Print Area: Chn vng d liu cn in. in mt phn ti liu,
chng ta chn phm vi cn in, sau chn menu Set Print Area.
Background: Cho php chn file hnh c sn lm hnh nn.
Print Titles: Thit lp hng hoc ct cn lp li khi in: chn vng
d
liu in mc Print area t th Sheet, chn in cc ng li hay
khng t mc Gridlines, chn tiu dng v tiu ct in lp li
trn mi trang mc Print titles, to tiu u v cui trang, nh s
trang t th Header/Footer, chn th t in t th Page order

Chng 5. MICROSOFT POWERPOINT


5.1. Gii Thiu Microsoft Powerpoint
PowerPoint l phn mm to trnh din (presentation) chuyn
nghip c nhiu tin ch gip trnh by, thuyt trnh cc vn tr nn
sinh ng v hiu qu hn, c s dng trong cc bo co, hi ngh,
ging dy....Phn ny ch cp cc tnh nng thuc ring v PowerPoint,
nhng im ging vi Word v Excel hc vin xem cc chng trn.
Mt file trnh din PowerPoint 2010 c to t nhiu trang, gi
l slide, c ui l pptx (c th c ui l ppsx -PowerPoint Show dng
cho vic trnh chiu, khng cho php son tho).
5.1.1. Giao din chnh
Khi ng chng trnh Microsoft PowerPoint t nhm Microsoft
Office.

- 130 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Mn hnh PowerPoint c 3 khung chnh: khung Slide l ni son


tho trnh din, khung Note l ni nhp ghi ch ca slide, v khung
Slide/Outline dng lit k danh sch cc Slide v son tho outline.
5.1.2. Cc ch View
PowerPoint c nhiu ch View khc nhau ty mc ch s
dng. Ch View c thay i t th Tab View Group Presentations
Views chn ch thin th tng ng: Normal view, Slide Sorter view,
Reading View, Slide Show.
Normal View: Ch son tho Slide c s dng khi ngi dng
son tho ni dung, note ca tng slide ca file trnh din.
Slide Sorter: hin th nhiu Slide cng lc, khng cho php son
tho ni dung slide m c dng thay i th t, sp xp, di (bng
cch drag-drop), chp, xa cc Slide. Kiu ny cho mt ci nhn tng th
v ton b slide.
Reading View: Hin th tng Slide dng c ti liu.

- 131 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Slide Show: Hin th tng Slide ch trnh chiu, ton mn


hnh vi cc hiu ng hot hnh. thot khi ch Slide Show, nhn
phm ESC.
5.1.3. To file trnh din mi
Trong PowerPoint, ta c th to mt trnh din mi bng cch da
trn cc khun mu (template) c sn, tu theo ch . Chn Tab File
New xut hin mn hnh to mi file t nhiu mu (template) chia lm 2
nhm: Home v Office.com. Nhm Office.com Template cha cc
Template c Microsoft cung cp sn, my tnh phi c kt ni Internet
ti v.
Mt Theme thit k trc cho mt file trnh chiu v: mu ch ,
font ch, v hiu ng hot hnh (effects). Ngi dng c th chn mt
theme c sn, sau thit lp li tng phn v mu sc, font ch, v hiu
ng hot hnh. Ti liu ny ch tp trung nhm Home, da trn cc
template c sn trong my, bao gm cc mu nh sau:
+Blank Presentaion: To trnh din trng. Ngi dng phi thit k
mu v nhp ni dung mi cho file trnh chiu.
+Recent Templates: Nhng template va c s dng trc .
Sample Templates: To trnh din bng mt s mu c sn bao
gm c ni dung, theo cc ch khc nhau. Ngi dng ch vic chn
mt mu trong nhm Sample ng vi ch cn to, sau chnh sa li
ni dung.
Themes: To trnh din t cc mu c thit k Themes, khng c
ni dung. y l loi template c s dng nhiu nht.
My Templates: To trnh din t Template do ngi dng nh dng
trc.
New from exsiting: To trnh din t file Template hoc file
PowerPoint c sn no .
Lu l ngi dng c th thay i li theme khc bt c lc no,
bng cch chn th Design Group Themes, chn mt mu thch hp (c
th m rng danh sch Themes t mi tn pha di bn phi), sau c
th ty chnh v mu, font v Effect ca theme. C th p dng mt
- 132 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

theme cho ton b slide, hay cc slide ang chn bng cch R_click trn
theme , v chn Apply to All Slides hay Apply to Selected Slides.

5.1.4. To Slide mi
Thm Slide mi: Chn th Home Group Slide New Slide chn
Slide c layout thch hp (t danh sch cc slide master c sn ca file
trnh din) hoc bm phm Ctrl+N. Slide sau khi to xong c th thay i
Layout bng cch chn th Tab Home Group Slides Layout v chn mu
c sn.
Xo b/Copy/Paste Slide: Chn mt hay nhiu Slide t khung
Slide/Outline, v thc hin thao tc nh cc i tng khc. Ngoi ra
ngi dng c th to bn Copy bng cch R_Click ln Slide cn Copy
chn Duplicate Slide.
Sp xp li cc Slide: tt nht nn dng ch View l Slide
Sorter, sau ko th cc slide v v tr mong mun.
Nh vy, chng ta lu rng: to file mi da trn cc Design
template, cn to silde mi da trn cc Slide outline.
5.1.5. Son tho ni dung Slide
Trong PowerPoint, vn bn c t trong cc Place holder hoc
cc Textbox. Ch : cc thao tc nh dng vn bn (font, m, nghing,
gch di, Bullets
and
Numbering) v chn cc
i tng (table,
biu , wordart,
hnh nh, header,
footer)
c
thc hin tng t nh khi s dng MS Word. So vi cc phin bn
trc, PowerPoint 2010 b sung them chc nng Insert Equation chn
v son tho cng thc ton nh MS Word.

- 133 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

PowerPoint cho php i thay i font ch ton b ti liu vi


chng nng Replace Font (c m t Tab Home Group Editing Replace
Replace Font). Sau khi chn font ang s dng cn thay th ( hp chn
Replace) v font mi ( hp chn With), bm nt Replace thc hin
thay th.
Chn m thanh/Video vo slide: thm m thanh/video gip demo tt
hn tng trnh by. m thanh/Video hin th trong slide di dng
biu tng v c pht khi click
vo
biu tng .

chn m/video thnh vo slide, chn


Tab
Insert Group Media
Audio/Video, chn Audio from file
(chn t file c sn), hoc Clip Art Audio ( chn t th vin ca Office).
Mt ci tin ng gi trong PowerPoint 2010 l cho php hiu
chnh Video insert vo ti liu. Video c c th chnh sa mu sc
(Color, Coreections), ng khung (video style), hiu chnh hnh dng
(video shape, video border, video effects.) rt nhanh v tin li m
khng cn dng bt k phn mm x l video cng knh no khc. Ngoi
ra PowerPoint 2010 cho php chn video t cc link (nh youtube,
myspace) vo file trnh chiu.

Chn hnh ng (action) cho mt i tng


Mt action cho php nhy n mt slide khc, thc thi mt
chng trnh khc, m mt trang Web, khi ngi dng bng cch
click chut hoc a tr chut i ngang qua i tng c chn. Sau
khi chn i tng mun chn action, t th Insert Group Links Ac-

- 134 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

tion xut hin hp thoi


Action Settings.
Th Mouse Click:
hnh ng thi hnh khi
Click chut ln i tng.
Th Mouse over: Chn
hnh ng khi a chut
ngang qua i tng. ng
vi mi hnh ng xy ra,
chng ta c th chn:
Hyperlink to (nhy n
Slide khc), Run program
(khi ng mt chng
trnh ng dng khc),
Play sound (pht m
thanh ty chn).
Section: Khi son
tho mt file vi hng trm slide cc phin bn PowerPoint c l rt bt
tin khi khng th gom nhm cho cc slide. PowerPoint 2010 cung cp
mt tnh nng mi section gip t chc cc slide vo cc nhm gi l
section. Chng ta c th Insert them section mi (t th Home->Slides>nt Section), i tn section (dng context menu), xa section v cc
slide thuc section, ko th cc slide qua li gia cc section gip t chc
ti liu mt cch khoa hc hn.

- 135 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

5.2. Slide Master


Slide Master l ni qui nh tt c cc mu nh dng ca cc
Slide trong bn trnh by. Khi thay i cc thuc tnh ca Slide Master th
nhng thay i s c hiu lc vi tt c cc Slide trong bn trnh din.
Vic s dng tt Slide Master gip to ra mt bn trnh din c tnh nht
qun cao v mt nh dng, gim kch thc file trnh chiu. Ly v d,
nu logo trng H Cng Nghip Tp.HCM slide master, th hang
trm slide ca file s cha logo ny, thay v phi chp hng trm hnh vo
cc slide.
m ch hiu chnh slide Master, chn th View Group
Master Views Slide Master. Trong mn hnh son tho Slide Master, c
nhiu mu slide khc nhau trong file trnh din. Ngi dng chn tng
mu slide, hiu chnh khun dng thay i mu cho tt c slide ca file
da trn mu ny. Ngi dng c th thm Slide Master. nh dng cc
thuc tnh ca Slide Master ging nh nh dng mt Slide thng thng.

- 136 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

V c bn, khi thay i mt Slide Master, c cc thnh phn nh


sau: Title Area for Autolayouts: vng p dng cho tiu slide; Object
Area for Autolayouts: vng p dng cho danh sch nh du u mc,
vng ny c th thit lp cho tng level text khc nhau; Date Area, Footer
Area, Number Area: thay i cc thuc tnh cho ngy gi, tiu u v
cui trang, s trang
Sau khi hiu chnh xong phi tt ch son tho Slide Master,
quay v ch son slide bng cch bm nt Close Master View.

5.3. Animation
phn trnh din tr nn sinh ng, PowerPoint cung cp nhiu
hiu ng hot hnh (animation) minh ha tng mt cch trc quan
d hiu, hoc gy s ch .
To animation

- 137 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Mt i tng trong slide (textbox, table, picture) c th gn


nhiu animation khc nhau, bng cch chn i tng , chn th
Animations Group Animation, v chn animation thch hp (c th m
rng chn), hoc c th add animation t group Advanced Animation.

Animation c chia lm 4 nhm: Entrance (Cch th hin hiu


ng khi i tng bt u xut hin); Emphasis (Cch th hin hiu ng
khi i tng c nh, thng dng nhn mnh ni dung cn biu
din); Exit: (Hiu ng th hin khi kt thc Slide); Motion Paths: Cch
th hin hiu ng di chuyn.
Danh sch cc animation hin th trong ca s Animation Pane
(c th bt hay tt t group Advanced Animation), v cc ty chnh hin
th Group Timing. ng vi mi animation, chng ta c th ty chnh
iu kin animation kch hot mc Start: Start On Click (bt u
animation khi click chut), Start With Previous: bt u song song vi
animation trc n trong Animation Pane, Start After Previous( bt u
sau khi animation ng trc n hon tt).

- 138 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Ngoi
ra,
mt
animation cn c th ty
chnh Duration (thi gian
thc hin hiu ng) v Delay
(thi gian ch cho hiu ng).
T ca s Animation Pane cho php xa animation, hiu chnh li
animation, thay i th t animation bng cch ko-th.
V d to animation
Trong v d ny chng ta s to mt slide cha 3 tri banh di
chuyn xung quanh mn hnh. S dng chc nng Inser-Shape to 3
tri banh c mu xanh (b1), (b2), vng (b3).
Chn b1, chn animation, chn Custom Path, click chut v 4
im di ca banh, double click kt thc. Tng t, thm animation
cho b2 v b3. Trn Animation Pane s xut hin 3 hng. Chn hng u
tin, v mc nh l Start On Click, chn repeat l Until End of Slide
( mc Effect Options- Timing), hng th 2 v chn Start After Previous,
hng th 3 v chn l Start With Previous. Repeat tt c u l repeat l
Until End of Slide. Bm F5 xem th kt qu ca bn.

- 139 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

5.4. Slide Transition


Silde Transition l chc nng to hiu ng chuyn tip gia cc
Slide trong ch Slide Show. PowerPoint 2010 cung cp thm rt nhiu
hiu ng transition mi, t bit l nhm Exciting vi cc hiu ng 3D
rt p m cc phin bn trc khng c.
chn Slide Transition, t th Transitions Group Transition
to This Slide v chn hiu ng.

Vi mi hiu ng Slide transition, t mc Effect Options cho


php chn hng xut hin ca slide mi. Cng nh Animation, Slide
Transition cho php hiu chnh cc thit lp nhm Timing, v cho php
p dng transition vo mt nhm hay ton b slide.

5.5. Trnh Chiu


Sau khi son tho cc Slide, bc cui cng l thc hin trnh chiu
slide trc thnh gi..
Thit lp trc khi trnh chiu
Chn th Slide Show Group Set Up.
Mc Set Up Slide Show: m ca s thit lp trnh
chiu vi cc ty chn.

- 140 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Show type: Cch thc hin trnh din, bao gm: Presented by a
speaker (full screen): Cho php thc hin trnh din ch ton mn
hnh; Browsed by an individual (Windows): Cho php trnh din vi
thanh cun khi slide thit k phn gii cao khin vic hin th khng
y trang, Browsed at a kiosk (full screen): Cho php thc hin trnh
din ch ton mn hnh, din ra mt cch t ng, v c lp i lp
li.
Show options: vi cc chn la: Loop continuously until Esc:
Cho php trnh din lp i lp li lin tc n khi nhn phm Esc, ty
chn ny l mc nh khi s dng ch Browsed at a kiosk; Show
without animation: tt cc hiu ng.
Show Slides: Chn cc Slide cn trnh din: All (trnh din tt c
cc Slide); From To (trnh din mt nhm Slide lin tc);

Advanced Slides: Cc ty chn nng cao, bao gm: Manually


(ch chuyn trang th cng - nhn phm hoc Click chut qua Slide
khc); Using timings, if present: Ch chuyn trang t ng (sau mt
khong thi gian no ).
- 141 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Thc hin trnh chiu


Chn th
Slide
Show Group Start Slide
Show, vi cc ty chn nh
sau: From Beginning (trnh
chiu t slide u);
From Current Slide (Bt u
trnh din t slide hin
hnh); Broadcast Slide Show
(Thc hin trnh chiu qua
Internet, y l chc nng
mi ca PowerPoint 2010);
Custom Slide Show (to
trnh chiu t vic chn la
mt s slide no thay v chiu
tun t ton b).
PowerPoint 2010 cho php chp thnh phim (hoc ti file pdf) khi
trnh chiu Slide s dng menu Record Slide Show. Hoc t th File>Save &Send -> Create Video (hoc chn menu Create pdf/xps document
to ti liu pdf). PowerPoint 2010 to file wmv cha ton b qu trnh
trnh chiu t ng ngi dung c th ghi thnh a phim.

5.6. Mt S Lu
vic trnh chiu thnh cng, nn lu mt s c im sau
y:
Khng nn c slide, v ngi nghe c th t c ly. Ngi nghe
quan tm v thch th vi s hiu bit ca ngi din thuyt v ch
hin ti.
Khng trn sau cc slide, m nn nhn thng vo ngi nghe.
Ngi nghe mun nhn thy ngi din thuyt nh hai ngi ang ni
chuyn vi nhau vy.

- 142 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Cc phim minh ha l cc slide sng ng nht.


S dng mt hay hai font cho bi trnh chiu, khng dng qu
nhiu font. S dng font ch r rng v d c (font Roman v Gothic
c ngh).
Font size khng nn nh hn 22 pt. Cc tiu c font c 28 pt.
Khng nn nhp qu nhiu text cho mt slide.
S dng ch hoa cho cc keyword mun nhn mnh.
Ch mu nn ca file trnh din. Trn my tnh, mu nn en
sm vi font ch sng thng kh p, tuy nhin khi trnh chiu trong
mi trng sng v khong cch xa th rt kh nhn r.

Chng 6. S DNG INTERNET


6.1. Gii Thiu Internet
Internet l h thng thng tin ton cu c th c truy nhp cng
cng gm cc mng my tnh c lin kt vi nhau. H thng ny
truyn thng tin theo kiu chuyn mch gi d liu (packet switching)
da trn b giao thc c chun ha (giao thc TCP/IP). H thng
ny bao gm hng ngn mng my tnh nh hn ca cc doanh nghip,
ca cc vin nghin cu v cc trng i hc, ca ngi dng c nhn,
v cc chnh ph trn ton cu.
Tin thn ca mng Internet ngy nay l mng ARPANET do b
quc phng M lin kt vi mt s trng H ca M thc hin.
Hin nay nhu cu khai thc thng tin trn mng Internet ngy
cng tng. V vy trong chng ny s gii thiu nhng khi nim c bn
v Internet, cc dch v trn Internet v cch s dng trnh duyt Internet
Explorer khai thc thng tin trn Internet.
Mng Internet c th ch dng li y nu nh khng c s ra
i ca World Wide Web, c pht minh bi Tim Berners-Lee trong
thi gian lm vic ti CERN (T chc nghin cu nguyn t ca Chu
u t ti Thy S). ng Tim tm ra cch thc my tnh cc v tr,
a im khc nhau c th hin th nhng vn bn c lin kt n cc tp
- 143 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

tin vn bn khc. Kt qu nghin cu ca ng Tim l ngn ng nh


du siu vn bn HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language). hiu
nguyn l hot ng ca Internet theo cch n gin nht, ta c th hnh
dung thng tin gi v nhn t cc my tnh ging nh vic gi th qua h
thng bu in. Khi mun gi th, ngi ta thng n mt trm bu
in gn nht b th vo thng. Ti y th ca chng ta v ca nhiu
ngi khc na s c phn loi theo a ch ri tip tc c gi ln
tuyn cao hn. Quy trnh c tip tc nh th cho n khi th ca chng ta
ti c a ch ca ngi nhn.
Tng t nh vy, khi nhn v gi thng tin trn Internet, thng
tin cn phi c xc nh a ch duy nht. a ch Internet ca cc t
liu c qun l bng b nh v ti nguyn ng dng URL (Uniform
Resource Locator). Mi trang Web khi c a ln Internet s c t nht
mt a ch URL tham chiu n n.

6.2. Mt S Khi Nim


a ch IP (Internet Protocol Address)
Khi tham gia vo Interntet, mi my tnh gi l host, phi c mt
a ch IP dng nhn dng. a ch IPv4 c chia lm 4 s thp phn
c gi tr t 0-255, phn cch nhau bng du chm (v d nh:
172.16.19.5 hoc 172.16.0.3). truy xut trang ch ca H Cng
Nghip Tp.HCM th g IP l 220.231.93.18 vo trnh duyt.
Cch nh IP gm 4 s thp phn nh trnh by trn gi l IPv4.
Hin nay do tc pht trin qu nhanh ca Internet, IPv4 (c chiu di
32 bit) cn kit. Internet ang chuyn i dn sang IPv6 (128 bit).
H thng tn min DNS (Domain Name System) i vi con ngi, cch
truy xut mt website (nh trang ch trng H Cng Nghip Tp.HCM
ni trn) bng IP nh trn l rt kh nh. Do h thng tn min DNS
gip nh x gia tn v IP gip d dng s dng hn. V d,
www.hui.edu.vn d nh hn nhiu so vi IP l 220.231.93.18. Tn min
DNS do cc DNS server m trch, do chng ta phi tr ph hng nm
cho vic ng k tn min.
Cc phn com, edu hay vn trong a ch tn min trn c gi l
tn min cp 1, chia lm 2 nhm chnh:
- 144 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Domain mang tnh t chc:


Domain

T chc

com (Commercial)

Thng mi

edu (Educational)

Gio dc

gov (Governmental)

Nh nc

int (International)

T chc quc t

mil (Military)

Qun i

net (Networking)

Ti nguyn trn mng

org (Organizational)
Cc t chc khc
Domain mang tnh a l: Gm 2 k t tt i din cho tng quc gia,
nh vn (Vit Nam), au (c), in (n ),
IAP
IAP (Internet Access Provider) l nh cung cp dch v ng
truyn kt ni vi Internet, qun l cng (gateway) ni vi quc t.
Cc my tnh cc quc gia khc mun kt ni vi nhau phi c c s h
tng, do phi nh n IAP. Ti Vit Nam, IAP l cng ty dch v
truyn s liu VDC thuc tng cng ty bu chnh vin thng, c quan
thc hin trc tip l VNN.
ISP
ISP (Internet Service Provider) l nh cung cp dch v Internet
cho cc t chc v c nhn. ISP phi thu ng truyn v cng ca mt
IAP. Vit Nam c nhiu ISP thng mi: Cng ty dch v truyn s liu
VDC, Cng ty FPT,
Khi ng k vi mt ISP, ngi dng c cung cp mt ti
khon qun l truy cp v tnh ph. Mi ti khon bao gm tn (User
name) v mt khu ng nhp (Password). Ti khon ny thng c
lu sn trong cc thit b (nh cc modem) c cu hnh bi ISP nn
ngi dng khng s dng trc tip.

- 145 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

6.3. Cc Dch V Thng Dng Trn Internet


Dch v truy xut t xa (Remote Login)
Dch v truy xut t xa cho php ni kt, v s dng mt my
tnh v tr khc. V d, Telnet l mt dch v cho php remote login.
Ngy nay, nhiu dch v an ton hn ra i thay th cho telnet nh
ssh, vpn
Dch v th in t (Mail Service) c th gi hoc nhn cc th in
t (Electronic Mail - Email) t bt c mt ni no vi iu kin l ngi
nhn v ngi gi phi c mt a ch Email v my tnh s dng c ni
mng Internet.
Dch v tin in t (News)
Cho php trao i cc bi bo v bn tin in t (bulletin) xuyn
sut Internet. Cc bi bo c t ti trung tm c s d liu trn sut
khng gian Internet. Ngi dng truy cp vo c s d liu ly v
cc bi bo h cn. iu ny lm gim tc nghn trn mng v loi tr
vic lu tr nhiu bn sao khng cn thit ca mi bi bo trn tng h
thng ca ngi dng.
Dch v truyn tp tin (FTP: File Transfer Protocol)
FTP l mt h thng chnh yu chuyn ti file gia cc my vi
tnh vo Internet. File c chuyn ti c dung lng rt ln. FTP hu ht
c s dng cho vic chuyn ti nhng d liu mang tnh c nhn.
Thng thng, bn s dng FPT chp file trn mt my ch t
xa vo my ca bn, vic x l ny gi l np xung (downloading). Tuy
nhin, bn cng c th chuyn file t my ca bn vo my ch t xa,
iu ny gi l np ln (uploading). Thm vo , nu cn thit, FTP s
cho php bn chp file t mt my ch t xa ti mt my khc.
Dch v Web (World Wide Web WWW)
y l dch v c dng nhiu nht. Ngi ta vit tt l WWW
hay gi ngn gn l Web. Web cha thng tin bao gm vn bn, hnh nh,
m thanh v thm ch c video c kt hp vi nhau. Web cho php bn
c th thm nhp vo mi ng ngch trn Internet, l nhng im cha

- 146 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

d liu gi l Web site. Nh c Web, nn d khng phi l mt chuyn


gia, bn vn c th s dng Internet.
Phn mm s dng np, dch v hin th Web gi l trnh duyt
Web (Web browser). Hin nay, trnh duyt thng dng nht l l Internet
Explorer ca Microsoft, ngoi ra cn c Mozilla Firefox, Chrome ca
Google, Opera, Safari ca Apple

6.4. Trnh Duyt Web Internet Explorer 9.0


khi ng trnh duyt: Chn Start/ All Programs/ Internet
Explorer.
Cc thnh phn trong mn hnh Internet Explorer

Cc nt cng c cho php thc hin cc thao tc nhanh hn.


Chc nng ca cc nt trn thanh cng c nh sau:
Back: Tr v trang trc .
Forward: Hin th trang k tip trong lch s duyt.
- 147 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Stop: Ngng ti trang web hin hnh t my ch.


Refresh: Ti li ni dung trang Web hin hnh.
Home: Hin th trang home, a ch trang ny c config theo mi
my khc nhau, l website t ng np mi khi khi ng IE.
Favorites: Danh sch nhng trang Web a thch.
New Tab: Thm mt Tab mi.
Address: Dng nhp a ch ca trang Web mun truy cp.
Thanh a ch cng hin ln a ch ca trang Web hin hnh. Bn
c th Click vo hp th xung chn a ch ca nhng trang
Web thng truy cp.
Current Tab: Tab hin ang hin th.
Tools: Cha cc nhm cng c ca Internet Explorer.
Trng thi np
: Dng hin th tin trnh np trang Web khi
trang Web ang c np. Sau khi np xong biu tng np s c
chuyn thnh biu tng Internet Explorer.
Lu ni dung trang Web
Ngi dng c th lu ni dung ca cc trang Web trn my cc
b, sau ta c th xem ni dung ca cc trang ny m khng cn phi
c kt ni Internet. Sau khi truy cp n trang Web cn lu ni dung,
chn Tools File Save As, v chn v tr cng vi tn file cn lu.
Lu cc a ch thng dng
Chc nng ny gip ngi dng lu a ch ca cc trang Web
thng s dng, gip ngi dng khng cn phi nh ch ca n. Sauk hi
truy cp n trang Web cn lu a ch, Chn Favorites/ Add to Favorites,
nhp tn cho a ch mun lu->OK.

- 148 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

6.5. Tm kim thng tin trn Internet


Tm kim thng tin l hot ng ph bin i vi ngi s dng
Internet. So vi thng tin c lu tr trn nhng phng tin khc,
thng tin c lu tr trn Internet phong ph v tm kim d dng hn.
Ngoi ra, kt qu tm kim t c nhiu hn so vi vic tm kim
thng tin c lu tr trn cc phng tin khc. y l im mnh
nhng i khi cng l im yu ca Internet v khi tm c qu nhiu
thng tin lin quan n thng tin cn tm, ta phi tn thi gian lc li
nhng thng tin ph hp.
Hin ti c nhiu hng cung cp dch v tm kim khc nhau:
google (www.google.com), microsoft (www.bing.com),
yahoo
(www.yahoo.com) Mi hang c nhng im mnh v im yu ring,
tuy nhin dn u hin nay l www.google.com.

Hnh 6.2: Trang Web tm him ca Google

Nhp thng tin mun tm vo hp vn bn ri nhn Enter hoc Click


vo nt lnh Google Search. Thng tin tm kim thng l cc t
kha (Keyword) hoc mt cm t c trng nht. Vic chn t kha
chnh xc cho gip cho vic tm kim d dng, nhanh chng.

- 149 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Hnh 6.3: Kt qu tm c t trang Web ca Google

Ch :
t du trc t kha yu cu tm kim chnh xc cm t cn
tm (lin kt AND).
Khng nn nhp vo nhng t kha c ni dung tng qut v kt
qu
tm kim s rt nhiu, thng tin c tr v s khng gn vi ni dung
mun tm.
Tm kim nng cao vi Google
Trong trng hp mun c kt qu tm kim gn vi thng tin
ang tm, ta s dng chc nng tm kim nng cao ca Google
(Advanced Search).
Find results: t iu kin cho kt qu tm kim:
With all of the Words: Kt qu tm kim phi bao gm tt c cc t
cn tm
With the exact phase: Kt qu tm kim phi c chnh xc cm t
cn tm.
With at least one of the Word: Kt qu tm kim phi c t nht mt
trong nhng t cn tm
Without the Word: Kt qu tm kim khng cha nhng t ny
Hin th kt qu tr v: chn s kt qu tr v t hp k th, mc
nhin s tr v 10 kt qu nu tm c t 10 trang Web tr ln.
- 150 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Ngoi ra ta c th t thm iu kin vo nhng ty chn khc nh


ngn ng, thi gian, nh dng,

6.6. Dch V Email


Gii thiu
Th in t (Email) l phng tin lin lc v cng tin li trong
thi i cng ngh thng tin ngy nay. S dng Email ta c th trao i
thng tin vi bn b, ng nghip trn ton cu m khng quan tm n
vic ngi nhn u.
a ch Email (Email Address), gi tt l email, l mt nh danh
duy nht trn Internet cho php ngi s dng giao dch vi nhau. Cu
trc mt a ch Email: <Tn ti khon>@<Tn min>. Tn min: Tn
ca my ch cung cp dch v Email (Email Server), tn ti khon l tn
c ng k, phn bit vi cc a ch Email khc c cng tn min.
V d: ttcntt@yahoo.com; email@hui.edu.vn; list@hotmail.com;
Mun gi email th ngi dng phi c ni kt Internet (hoc ni
kt vo Mail Server. Khi ngi A gi Email cho ngi B, ni dung th s
c lu tr ti Email Server. Ch duy nht ngi B c th ng nhp
vo ti khon ca mnh v c tt c Email gi cho mnh. C nhiu cch
lm vic vi email: s dng Webbrowser s dng Webmail (nu
nh cung cp email c dch v ny), hoc dng cng c khc.
Webmail l h thng cung cp cc dch v Email thng qua mt
Website. Ngi dng s dng Webbrowser truy cp vo a ch Website
ca nh cung cp dch v, s dng ti khon Email c cung cp
s dng cc dch v Email. Mt s webmail thng dng:
www.gmail.com, www.hotmail.com, www.mail.yahoo.com... Cch s
dng cc dch v email ca cc hang ln gn nh tng t, do trong
gio trnh ny ch tp trung m t v dch v email ca Google. Google t
ng hin th ngn ng theo vng truy xut email, tc l ting Vit, v
cung cp nhiu dch v khc da trn ti khon email m th gii rt a
chung.
ng k ti khon email ng k mt ti khon Email mi: t
Webmail
- 151 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

(chng hn, t
www.gmail.com),
mc
To ti khon.

trang
chn

Sau in cc thng tin vo biu mu, v bm nt to ti khon.


Lu l gmail yu cu bn phi c s in thoi di ng gi m
xc nhn nhm bo v ngi dng.

- 152 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

S dung email vi Webmail


Sau khi c ti khon Email, trc khi s dng Email phi ng
nhp t trang www.gmail.com.
Cc email nhn c s hin th khi chn mc Th.

- 153 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

son Email mi, chn nt Son th. Nhp ni dung Email vi


cc mc nh sau: Ti (Email mt hay nhiu ngi nhn -cch nhau bng
du ;); CC
(Email ngi
ng nhn);
BCC (Email
ngi ng
nhn nhng
khng
hin
th cho bit
cng nhn
Email vi hai
nhm Email
trn); Ch
(Subject
tiu

Email); Body
(ni dung Email); gi file nh km Email, chn nt nh km. Sau
chn file
cn gi i.
Ch : sau khi s dng Email xong, chng ta phi bm nt Signout
trnh vic mt ti khon Email, bo v thng tin ring t.
S dng email vi Outlook Express
- 154 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Outlook Express l phn mm qun l Email ca hng Microsoft


Windows( tngt vi Thunderbird
ca Mozilla). Phn mm ny cung
cp hu ht cc tnh nng cn thit
ngi dng c th qun l Email mt
cch hiu qu. Outlook Expresss
gip giao tip vi Email Server
chuyn-nhn Email vi mt s tnh
nng qun l rt tin dng. Khi ng
Outlook Expresst mc All Pro
grams
Outlook Express.
s dng
email vi Oulook, u
tin chng ta phi
khai bo ti khon
email cho Outlook.
T menu Info, chn
Add Account.
Sau nhp
thng tin email
Thanh

cng

c:
New E-Mail: Son Email mi.
Reply: tr

li Email

ang

cho ngi

Forward:

Gi Email nhn c cho nhng ngi

gi.
khc.

6.7. Dch v Office Online


Phn mm online l cc phn mm thc thi ti cc my ch, v tr
v kt qu cho ngi dng cui. Office Online l mt trong cc phn
mm online c cung cp min ph, cho php nhiu ngi dng ng
thi son tho mt vn bng, bng tnh, file trnh din online, ha.. v
- 155 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

chia x cho nhng ngi khc vi kh nng phn quyn gip bo v


thng tin c ta vn. Office Online ngy cng tin dng v mnh m
khi cng ngh in ton m my c cc hng ln u t pht trin
trong cc nm gn y. C nhiu hng cung cp Office Online nh
Mirosoft vi dch v Officelive, Google vi Google Docs &
Spreadsheets, ThinkFree Online v Zoho Office Suite Trong ti liu
ny ch cp n dch v ca Google, l Google Docs (son tho vn
bn -) & Spreadsheets (bng tnh) a ch https://docs.google.com. Bn
phi c ti khon gmail ng nhp v s dng dch v min ph ny.

Sau khi ng nhp, t mn hnh chnh ca googledoc, chn Create


new, v chn tip Document (nu son vn bn), Presentation (nu son
tho trnh din), Spreadsheet (nu son tho bng tnh)

- 156 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Mn hnh son tho ca googledoc vi chc nng ging nh vi


bn Office thng thng, do cch s dng hu nh tng t, hc vin
t tm hiu.
Sau khi son tho xong, ngi dng c th download file v my
mnh bng cch s dng menu File Download as. Hoc c th chia x ti
liu ny cho nhiu ngi xc xem hay ng son tho bng cch bm nt
Share v phn quyn.

6.8. Dch v chia s nh trc tuyn


Vi s pht trin ca my chp nh s, in thoi chp nh, ngy
nay hu nh ngi no cng c th chp c nh mi lc mi ni. Cc
nh s ny c th c upload ln internet, qun l theo ngy thng, ni
chp, v chia x cho nhiu ngi hoc ch n gin l ni lu nh an ton
cho chnh mnh. Nhiu dch v cung cp chc nng lu nh min ph,
nhng thng dng nht l dch v Web Picasa ca google h tr ting
Vit v h thng bn quc t. D nhin l bn phi c ti khon ca
google.
Truy xut vo trang https://picasaweb.google.com, chn nt Ti
ln, nhp thng tin v anbom hnh, sau tin hnh upload hnh. Vi
giao din ting Vit thn thin, hc vin t tm hiu v s dng chc nng
qun l xem nh.

- 157 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

6.9. Dch v Online Calendar


Ngy nay, tc cng nghip yu cu chng ta phi sp xp v b
tr lch biu, nghi nh cc ngy l, s kin quan trng, nhc nh cc
cng vic cn lm. Thng thng
ngi ta hay s dng PDA (my tr
gip c nhn nh Palm) hay cc dng
smart phone nh Iphone, Windows
phone, Adroid phone..). Tuy nhin,
dch v lch trc tuyn l khng th
thiu v n ng b lch vi PAD,
Smartphone, gip ngi dng son
tho, xem lch mi lc mi ni. Nu
bn ang s dng smartphone th
khng th b qua dch v ny, v

- 158 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

ng qun ng b c danh b in thoi khng bao gi b mt danh b


ngay c khi b mt in thoi.
Ti liu ny ch cp n dch v Calendar ca Google. ng nhp
vo ti khon gmail t trang https://www.google.com/calendar
Bn c th xem lch theo ngy, tun, thng. them s kin cho
lch, click nt To s kin, sau nhp thng tin cho s kin: tiu , a
im, thi gian, m t, li nhc Vi giao din ting Vit thn thin, hc
vin t tm hiu v s dng chc nng qun l lch online.

- 159 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Chng 7. PH LC
7.1. Bo V D Liu
Vic bo v d liu l vn m tt c cc ngi s dng my
tnh phi quan tm, bao gm vic mt mt d liu hay b l d liu. Cc
tc nhn c th gy hi n d liu nh sau: phn cng my tnh hng,
t bit l a hng do tui th ca a cng ch vi nm ty theo mt
s dng, ha hon, thin tai, virus, s ph hoi ca cc tin tc, s v
ca ngi dng
Ty thuc vo tm quan trng ca d liu m ta s p dng nhng
cch bo v khc nhau. i vi nhng d liu thng thng th cch bo
v hu hiu nht l thng xuyn to ra cc bn sao (backup) ca d liu
lu trn a USB, CD-ROM, lu ln internet, lu vo email. Lu l
cc bn sao ny phi c lu bn ngoi my tnh.
Vic backup thng xuyn gip khng mt d liu, tuy nhin
chng ta cn phi quan tm vic l thng tin, nh ti khon ngn hng,
ti khon ng nhp my tnh hay phn mm, ti khon email. K gian
s dng nhiu cch nh cp thng tin, v mt trong cc cch hu hiu
nht chng li l s dng phn mm dit Virus.

- 160 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Virus tin hc (hay cn gi virus my tnh) l cc chng trnh c


bit do con ngi to ra, chy n, t ly lan bng cch nhn bn. Khi my
tnh b nhim Virus th c th c nhng biu hin bt thng nh khi
ng chm, thc thi chm, khng in c vn bn ra my in... nhng
hin nay cc loi virus khng gy biu hin khc thng. Virus c th
lm hng h iu hnh, hng cc phn mm, ph hy d liu hay nh
cp thng tin, password ca bn chng virus, chng ta cn s dng
cc chng trnh dit virus mnh m nht, khng nn ci ng thi nhiu
chng trnh dit virus ng thi. thi im hin ti, mt s phn mm
dit Virus mnh c s dng trn khp th gii, nhm c ph nh:
Norton AntiVirus, Kaspersky, BitDefender, ESET NOD32, Trend Micro
Antivirus, Avira Antivir, McAfree, Avast, . Nhm min ph nh Panda
Cloud Antivirus, AVG Antivirus, FortiClient, Avira Antivir Free Edition,
BitDefender antivirus free edition, Avast antivirus free edition cng cung
cp rt tt kh nng tm v dit tuy thiu nhiu tnh nng hn so vi bn
c ph. t bit phn mm Microsoft Security Essentials min ph ca
Micorosft c nh gi rt cao, hn hn mt s phn mm dit Virus c
ph khc v tc cao, my tnh chy nh nhng, v dit nhiu chng loi
Virus, kh nng cp nht Virus mi thng minh v tin li.
Tuy c phn mm AntiVirus tr gip, nhng kin thc ca s
dng l rt quan trng khi bo v d liu. Chng ta khng nn thc thi
cc chng trnh khng r ngun gc, khng m cc ti liu khng r
ngun gc, lun qut a USB hay CDROM trc khi s dng, thng
xuyn cp nht chng trnh antivirus, khng m cc email l, khng
chat vi ngi l hay click vo ng link Internet m ngi khc gi,
khng truy xut cc website c ni dung khng lnh mnh hay website
c cnh bo nguyen him v cc website ny thng n cha m c
gy hi cho my tnh.

7.2. Hng Dn nh My
Cch b tr ngn tay trn bn phm:
Trn bn phm hai phm F v J c hai ci g nh cao l ni
ngi nhp liu nh v t cc ngn tay cho chnh xc. Hai ngn
tr ca hai bn tay s c t ti hai phm ny v cc ngn tay cn
li s c phn b u cc phm cn li trn cng mt hng.

- 161 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Cch nh cc phm ch:


Nhm phm 1

Phm

Ngn tay

a
s
Space
d

Ngn t tay tri


Ngn p t tay tri
Ngn ci tay tri hoc phi
Ngn gia tay tri

Nhm phm 2

Phm

Ngn tay

f
j
k
;

Ngn tr tay tri


Ngn tr tay phi
Ngn gia tay phi
Ngn t tay phi

Nhm phm 3

Phm

Ngn tay

l
g
h
backspace
q

Ngn p cht tay phi


Ngn tr tay tri
Ngn tr tay phi
Ngn t tay phi
Ngn t tay tri

Nhm phm 4

Phm

Ngn tay

z
w
x
u

Ngn t tay tri


Ngn p t tay tri
Ngn p t tay tri
Ngn tr tay phi

Nhm phm 5

- 162 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

Phm

Ngn tay

m
i
,
b

Ngn tr tay phi


Ngn gia tay phi
Ngn gia tay phi
Ngn tr tay tri

Nhm phm 6

Phm

Ngn tay

n
o
p
.

Ngn tr tay phi


Ngn p cht tay phi
Ngn t tay phi
Ngn p cht tay phi

Nhm phm 7

Phm

Ngn tay

t
e
r
y

Ngn tr tay tri


Ngn gia tay tri
Ngn tr tay tri
Ngn tr tay phi

Nhm phm 8

Phm

Ngn tay

c
v
/
[]

Ngn gia tay tri


Ngn tr tay tri
Ngn t tay phi
Ngn t tay phi

Cch nh cc k t in hoa nh nh bnh thng nhng kt hp


vi phm Shift. Phm Shift

- 163 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh

dng ngn t ca tay cn li nh (thng


h vlgi).
n

nh my l mt k nng do tp luyn thng xuyn


c. Do m

nh my thnh cng cc bn phi tp luyn thng xuyn v phi


lun lun m bo nh ng ngn tay. Sau khi tp luyn thnh cng cc
bn c th nhp liu m khng nhn bn phm, tc c th t trn 60
ch/pht.

MC LC
Chng 1. TNG QUAN V H THNG MY TNH .................................. 1
1.1. Thng Tin V X L Thng Tin ........................................................ 1
1.2. C Bn V Cu Trc My Tnh ....................................................... 3
Chng 2. MICROSOFT WINDOWS ........................................................... 7
2.1. Tp Tin, Th Mc, a V ng Dn ........................................ 7
2.2. Khi ng MS Windows .................................................................. 9
2.3. Qun L V Cu Hnh Ca Windows ............................................ 13
2.4. Windows Explorer .......................................................................... 19
2.5. Mt S Tin ch .............................................................................. 23
2.6. S Dng Ting Vit Trong Windows ............................................. 28
Chng 3. MICROSOFT WORD ................................................................ 30
3.1. Gii Thiu Microsoft Word ............................................................. 30
3.2. nh Dng Vn Bn ....................................................................... 34

- 164 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh


3.3. Chn Cc i Tng Vo Vn Bn ............................................... 50
3.4. Bng Chia Ct V Trnh By Trang ............................................ 67
3.5. Style ............................................................................................... 76
3.6. Template ........................................................................................ 80
3.7. Cc Chc Nng Khc .................................................................... 82
3.8. In n Trong Word ........................................................................... 85
Chng 4. MICROSOFT EXCEL ................................................................ 87
4.1. Gii Thiu Microsoft Excel ............................................................. 87
4.2. Cc Thao Tc C Bn ................................................................... 93
4.3. Mt S Hm Trong Excel ............................................................. 101
4.4. Thao Tc Trn C S D Liu .................................................. 112
4.5. To Biu Trong Excel ............................................................. 122
4.6. nh Dng Trang In Trong Excel ................................................. 128
Chng 5. MICROSOFT POWERPOINT ................................................. 129
5.1. Gii Thiu Microsoft Powerpoint .................................................. 129
5.2. Slide Master ................................................................................. 134
5.3. Animation ..................................................................................... 135
5.4. Slide Transition ............................................................................ 137
5.5. Trnh Chiu .................................................................................. 138
5.6. Mt S Lu ............................................................................... 140
Chng 6. S DNG INTERNET ............................................................ 141
6.1. Gii Thiu Internet ....................................................................... 141
6.2. Mt S Khi Nim ........................................................................ 142
6.3. Cc Dch V Thng Dng Trn Internet ...................................... 143
6.4. Trnh Duyt Web Internet Explorer 9.0 ........................................ 144
6.5. Tm kim thng tin trn Internet ................................................... 146

- 165 -

Gio trnh Tin hc Vn phng Khoa Khoa hc v K thut My tnh


6.6. Dch V Email .............................................................................. 148
6.7. Dch v Office Online ................................................................... 152
6.8. Dch v chia s nh trc tuyn .................................................... 154
6.9. Dch v Online Calendar .............................................................. 155
Chng 7. PH LC ................................................................................ 157
7.1. Bo V D Liu ............................................................................ 157
7.2. Hng Dn nh My ................................................................. 158

- 166 -

Вам также может понравиться